2024《试吧大考卷》二轮专题闯关导练英语【新高考】阅读七选五技能保分练(一)

2024《试吧大考卷》二轮专题闯关导练英语【新高考】阅读七选五技能保分练(一)阅读七选五技能保分练(一)段首、段尾主题句类Test1[2020·兰州高三诊断考试]LearningtoGiveaPepTalk(打气)Everyonewantstobethetypeofpersonwhogivesthecriticaltalkthatturnsaroundafriend'soutlook.However,givingagoodpeptalkisn'teasy.__1__.Youneedtonotonlylistenandunderstand,butalsostresstheotherperson'sstrengths.Youalsoneedtoknowwhentostoptalking.“Alotofpeoplethinktheyaregivingapeptalk,buttheyarejustsayingwhattheywouldwanttohear，”saysStacyKaiser,apsychotherapist(心理治疗师)inLosAngeles.Insteadofinstantlytellingsomeonewhattodo,askhimwhatactionhehasthoughtabouttakingandwhyhethinksitwillbebeneficial.“Don'tjumprightinandinsist‘You'llbefine，’”saysKaiser.__2__.Repeattheconcernsforthepersonoutloud,sohefeelsheard.Then,showyourfriendthatyoubelieveinhimandthathehaswhatittakestogetthroughthishardtime.Stresshisstrengths.__3__.Youcan'tguaranteesuccess,butyoucanremindthepersonthathehasbeenthroughatoughtimebeforeandhasgottenthroughit.Atlast,Kaisersaysyoumustknowwhentostop.“__4__.Don'targueifthepersondisagreeswithwhatyouaresaying.Instead,tellhim‘Iamsorryyouarehavingsuchahardtime.’Andthenbackdown.”Kaisersayshehaslearnedtogivegoodpeptalksbygivingbadones.Helostanumberoflovedonesduringashortperiod.“Timingiseverything.”Thereisatimetogiveapeptalk,andthereisatimetojustlisten.__5__.A．LetyourfriendhavehismomentB．GiveyourpeptalkandthenshutupC．ArguingwithyourfriendmakesnosenseD．ShowyourfriendthatyouunderstandwhyheissadE．Heisn'tinterestedinwhathisbestfriendsreallyneedF．ItrequiresanunderstandingofwhatyouraudienceneedsG．ItisalsoimportanttorememberthatpeptalksareabouthopeTest2[2020·南昌市高三一模]WhyWalkinginNatureMakesYouaBetterWorker?We'rebusyatwork,distracted(注意力分散的)bytechnologyandoftenliveinurbanenvironmentsfarfromwildspaces.__1__.TheaverageAmerican,forexample,spendsabout90%oftheirlifeindoors.Butwhathappensifwemaketimeforanhouroutsideeachday?__2__.You'llhavetogooutforawalk,whichisbeneficialifmostofyourdayinvolvessittinginfrontofascreen.Researchshowsshortbreakscanimproveworkenthusiasm,andaquickbreakinnaturallightwilldeliverashotofvitaminD.Therearealsoalotofmentalbenefitswhenyouareinnature—youarehappyandyourbraincanmakesenseoflife.“Whenpeoplearealloutinnature,eveninurbannature,peopletendtohavemorepositiveemotionandenergythanwhentheyareindoors.__3__，”saidLisaNisbet,associateprofessoratCanada'sTrentUniversity.Theideathatnatureisgoodforushasbeengaininggroundssincethe1980s.__4__.Afterwards,shinrin­yoku,theJapaneseconcept,whichisthepracticeoftakingashort,leisurelyvisittoaforestforhealthbenefits,followedthat.Researchersofshinrin­yokuhavesincefoundplentyofphysicalandmentalbenefits,whileglobalstudiessuggestspendingtimeinnaturecan,forexample,restoreourabilitytofocus,increaseourcreativity,andevenhelpuslivelonger.Ofcourse,manyofusliveincitieswithnoreadyaccesstoforestsorthewilderness.__5__.Variousstudieshaveshownthatgreenenvironmentsincitieshavebeneficialeffects.A．Wealsodon'tgetoutmuchB．Butitdoesn'thavetobeaforestC．PeoplecangettoaforestforahikeD．Inotherwords,peoplearehappierinnatureE．TherearesomeobviousbenefitswhenbeingoutsideF．GreenandbluespacesarebetterthanbusycitystreetsG．FirstcamethetheorythathumanshaveabasicdesiretobeconnectedwithnatureTest3[2020·长沙市高三统一模拟]Findafewtrustedlists.Thepublishingindustryputsoutmorethan50,000booksayear.__1__Nobodydoes.However,weshouldgetourreadinglistsfrombooksellers.There'snothingasniceasgettingoneperson'sfavoritebooks.Findingafewtrustedlistscanbeassimpleastheemaillists.__2__SomeoftheliststhatIpersonallylikeare:BillGates'sreadinglistandDerekSivers'sreadinglist.__3__It'sonethingtoquitreadingabookandfeelbadaboutit.It'sanothertoquitreadingabookandfeelproudofit.Allyouhavetodoistochangeyourmind.Justsay,“NowI'vefinallythrownthisbricktomakeroomforthatgem(宝石)I'mabouttoreadnext.”Usually,IquitreadingthreeorfourbookstofindabookIcanreadtotheend.__4__YoumaybewonderingwhyIdon'treade­books,savingmyselfallthetimeandeffortrequiredtobringbooksinandoutofthehouse.Inanagewhenourbooks,films,andphotographsareallgoingdigital,thereissomethingpopularabouthavingagrowingcollectionofbooksinthehome.Perhapsthereisanicechangeinyourmindwhileyou'rereadingphysicalbooks.__5__A．Readphysicalbooks.B．Trytoreadasmuchasyoucan.C．Changeyourmindaboutquitting.D．Doyouhavetimetoread1,000newbooksaweek?E．You'dbetterfindoutthemostpopularreadinglistsfirst.F．Anditcanbeawelcomechangetoholdaphysicalbookinyourhands.G．Withabitofdiggingyoucaneasilyfindtheonethattotallysatisfiesyou.Test4[2020·昆明市高三“三诊一模”摸底诊断测试]Impolitecellphoneusersareanywherewherethere'sacellphonesignal.__1__.Couldthatbeyou?Followourexpertphonerulestoavoidbeingrudeandannoying.●Knowwherenottouseyourphone.__2__，soavoidtalkingonyourcellphoneorhavingitringwhileinsuchplacesashospitals,librariesandmovietheaters.Turnyourphoneoffifnecessary.●Don'ttalktooloudly.Wheninpublic,trynottoraiseyourvoicewhileonthephone.Generallyyoudon'thavetoshoutonthephonetobeheardontheotherend.Infact,doingsooftenmakesitharderforyoutobeunderstood.__3__.●Don'tuseyourphonewhenhavingamealwithsomeone.Ifpossible,turnitoff.Ifyou'rewaitingforanimportantcall,letthepersonyou'rewithknowbeforehand(事先)thatyou'reexpectingacallthatyou'llneedtotake.__4__.Ifyouhaveto,stepawaybutdon'tstayawayanylongerthanabathroombreak.●__5__.Whenyou'reinanenclosedspace,oryoucan'tputyourself10feetoutofeveryone'sway,it'sinappropriatetotalkbutit'spotentiallyacceptabletoreceiveandsendtextmessages.Butyou'dbetternottextwhiledoinganythingthatrequiresyoutobefocused.A．LearntotextB．FocusonyourmessagesC．SomeplacesareinappropriateforcellphoneusageD．LimitphoneuseduringgatheringswithyourfriendsE．TrynottoholdaphoneconversationattableF．Inaddition,shoutingonthephonedisturbspeoplearoundyouG．Mostpeoplewhoareimpolitedon'tevenrealizewhatthey'redoing阅读七选五技能保分练(二)段首、段尾过渡句类Test1[2020·合肥市高三第二次诊断检测]Willtherebeanoutbreakofbirdfluthatthreatenshumans?Manyexpertsdisagreeonwhenorwhetherahumanpandemic(大流行病)willoccur,butdosaythereisachancethattheviruscouldmutate(变异),leadingtowidespreadinfection.__1__Here'swhatyouneedtoknowtohelpkeepyourselfhealthy.Stockuponfood,waterandhouseholdsupplies.Ifthereisabirdflupandemic,you'llwanttominimizeyourchanceofcatchingitbystayingindoors;youmightevenberequiredtostayhomeifthegovernmentasksthatpeopleremaininquarantine(隔离期).You'dbetterstockuptodayonatleast2­weekworthofessentialssuchaswater,food,emergencyandmedicalsupplies.__2__Haveanoutbreakplan.Itmayfeeloddoruncomfortabletotalktofamilymembersandlovedonesabouttheworst­casepandemicscenario(预测).Butifthatscenariostrikes,you'llallbemuchbetteroffifyouhaveaplandecidedonandready.__3__Figureouthowyouwouldcareforthemandwhatyourfirstresponseandresponsibilitieswouldbe;thisisanespeciallyimportantconversationwiththosewithspecialcareneeds.__4__Thingslikekeepingabalanceddiet,exercisingregularlyandgettingsufficientrestcanhelpkeepyouhealthyinanoutbreakandalsokeepyoufromcatchingthecommoncold.Particularlyinafluoutbreaksituation,itwillbeimportanttowashyourhandswithsoapandwaterforatleast20seconds.Bediligentaboutcoveringcoughsandsneezeswithtissues.Moreover,knowyouressentialhealthinformationsuchasyourbloodtype,allergies,andpastorcurrentmedicalconditions.Makealistofthatessentialinformationforallthemembersofyourfamily.__5__Anddomakesureeveryoneinyourhouseholdknowswheretofindit.A．Workoutregularlytostayslim.B．Pickupthehabitsofhealthybehavior.C．Itiswisetokeepitsomewheresafeandvisible.D．It'simportanttoaskyourselfthesequestionsbeforeapandemicoccurs.E．Talkwithyourfriendsandfamilyabouthowyou'drespondtoanepidemic.F．Inthatcase,thebestthingyoucandorightnowistoprepareforthatpossibility.G．Thatwillhelpyougetthroughanextendedtimeathomeifanoutbreakhappens.Test2[2020·沈阳市教学质量监测(一)]Leadingasustainable(不破坏环境的)lifestyledoesn'trequireyoutohavetomakegreatchangestoyourhome,andthiskindoftransformationdoesn'thavetobeanexhaustingexercise.__1__Herearethreeofthem.__2__Byusingsolarenergy,youwillmakeyourhomefarmoresustainable.Solongasthereisthesuninthesky,thesolarpanelsatopyourhousewillcatchtheraysandthentransformthemintoelectricity.Makechangestoyourwaterdrinkinghabits.Haveyoueverthoughtabouthowmanysingle­useplasticbottlesyouuseayear?Ifyoushouldeverperformsuchacount,you'dfindyourselfwellintothreefigures,ormaybeevenfour.__3__Tobetrulysustainable,you'vetochangeyourwaterdrinkinghabits.__4__Moreoftenthannot,thesetypesofstrawsareusedonlyoncebeforebeinggotridofandtakingupvaluablelandfillspace.Reduceyourtransportemission(排放).Ifyouwanttobeamoresustainabletraveller,youshouldseektoreducethecarbonemissionsyouproducebyavoidingdriving.Ofcourse,avoidingmotorvehiclesentirelyisn'talwaysgoingtobeapracticalchoiceforyou.There're,however,stillthingsyoucandotobemoresustainable.__5__Youhavethepowertomakeasustainablechangetoyourlifestyle—taketheaboveadviceanddon'twasteit.A．Turntosolarenergy.B．Avoidwastingvaluableresources.C．Thebestthingyoucandoistocycle,walk,orrun.D．Twochoicesyouhavearesharingcarsandtakingpublictransport.E．There'remanyeasyandsimplethingsyoucandotobemoresustainable.F．Anotherchangeyoucanmakeinthisinstanceistostopusingplasticstraws.G．Drinkingwaterlikethismightbequick,easyandconvenient,butit'snotsustainable.Test3[2020·深圳市高三第二次检测]Youknowthateatinghealthily,stayingactive,andplayingafewbraingamescanhelpyouhaveagoodmemory.Butthefollowinglesser­knownhabitsworkwonderstoo.1．__1__Whenwesitwithourshouldersbentforward,thispositionactuallycausesustofeelanxiousordepressed—whichmakesithardertothinkclearlyandrememberthings.Conversely(反过来),anuprightpostureapparentlyimprovesthememorybecauseitbooststhebloodandoxygenflowtothebrain.2．Exercise—OnceHavingtroublerememberingfaces?__2__Inastudy,picturesoffaceswereshowntoolderfolksaftertheypedalastationary(固定的)bikeatanintensepaceorsimplysitonaself­pedalingbike.Onaverage,peoplerememberedthefacesbetteraftertheintenseexercise.What'smore,thememorygainsafterasingleworkoutweresimilartothegainsafterthreemonthsofregularexercise.3．LimitTVTimeEveryparentandeverygrandparenthasheardthattoomuchscreentimecanhurtachild'scognitivedevelopment.__3__Accordingtoastudy,people(aged50orolder)whowatchedTVformorethan3.5hoursadayfor6yearsexperiencedagreaterdropinverbalmemorytestscoresthanthosewhowatchedless.4．DrawAimlesslyResearchshowedthosewhodrewthewordsrememberedthemostwhenrecallingwords.That'sbecausewhilesomepartsofthebrainaboutgettingmemorybackbecomeworseaspeoplegrowolder,thepictureprocessingregionsusuallydon't.__4__5．WalkBackward__5__Walkback!Backwardmotion—whetherreal,imagined,orwatched—helpspeopleremembertheinformationbetterthansittingstilland,inmostcases,betterthanforwardmotion.Itmaybethatmovingbackwardinspacementallyhelpsusmovebackintimetothemomentwhenwelearnedsomething.A．SitStraight.B．StandStraight.C．Startmoreworkouts.D．Sweatforphysicaltraining.E．Thussketchingcanhelpadultshaveagoodmemory.F．Butwhataboutthoseattheotherendoftheirlifespans?G．Nexttimeyou'retryingtorecallsomething,don'tjustthinkback.Test4[2020·济南市高三年级学习质量评估]Muchliketheseasonitself,thefreshfruitsofthesummeroftendon'tremainlongaswewantthemto.Alltoooften,youreachintothefridgeandfindthatthestrawberriesyoupurchasedjustafewdaysagohaveturnedmoldy(发霉的).__1__Vinegarhasanextensiveandever­increasinglistofhouseholduses.Becauseitisnon­poisonous,unlikeotherwashes,itcanbeusedtocleanfreshfruits.__2__Puttingthefruitinthemixtureofonepartvinegarandthreepartswatercanremove98percentofbacteria.Itwillmakethefruitmuchcleanerthanitwaswhenwashedwithanantibacterialwashorwithwateralone.__3__Byfollowingthesameprocess,youcanpreventthegrowthofmoldforfarlongerthanifyouhaven'twashedthemwiththemixture.Butbecareful:thistrickdoesn'tkillanymoldthathasalreadygrown.__4__Besides,trytomakethestrawberriesasdryaspossiblebeforestoringtheminthefridge.Youcanpatthemdrywithpapertowel,andthenpackthemawayinacleancontainer.__5__Actually,thereisasimplesolutiontoyourconcern.Athoroughwashwithplainwaterafterwardwillensuretherearenounwantedtastesleft.A．Somakesureyoudoitbeforetheygobad.B．Yet,manywashescankeepthemfreshlonger.C．Youmayworryyourberrieswilltastelikevinegar.D．Soyoumaynotreallyneedthosepriceywashesatall.E．Itisevenmoreeffectiveincleaningfruitsthanmostwashes.F．You'dbetterusevinegartowashtheberriesbeforeenjoyingthem.G．Anewtrick,however,cangreatlyexpandtheirshelflifeusingvinegar.阅读七选五技能保分练(一)Test1语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——人际沟通——如何给别人打气[文章大意]本文主要论述了给别人打气的方法，包括关心令朋友伤心的事情、注意倾听、将时间交给朋友、选择合适时机停止说话等。1．答案与解析：F根据下文可知，你不仅需要倾听和理解，还要强调别人的长处，知道在什么时候停止说话；据此可以推知，你需要理解你的听众需要什么。故F项正确。2．答案与解析：D根据后一句“Repeattheconcernsforthepersonoutloud,sohefeelsheard.”可知，你要大声说出对这个人的关心；据此可以推知，空处表示“要向朋友表现出你理解他为什么会伤心”，故D项正确。3．答案与解析：G根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为该段主题句，根据空后的“Youcan'tguaranteesuccess,butyoucanremindthepersonthathehasbeenthroughatoughtimebeforeandhasgottenthroughit.”可知，你可以提醒朋友他之前已经经历过一段艰难的时期，并且已经挺过来了。据此可以推知，该段主要陈述要鼓励朋友看到希望，故G项与此处匹配。4．答案与解析：B由前一句可知，本段主要陈述选择时机停止说话；结合下文可知，在鼓励朋友之后，选择恰当时机停止说话，而不是和朋友争执，故B项正确。5．答案与解析：A根据上句中的“andthereisatimetojustlisten”可知，在给朋友打气时要学会倾听，将时间交给朋友，故A项正确。Test2语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——人与环境——在大自然中散步有利于更好地工作[文章大意]到户外走走，而不是一直待在室内，对人们的身体和精神健康大有裨益。1．答案与解析：A根据空后一句“TheaverageAmerican,forexample,spendsabout90%oftheirlifeindoors.”可知，普通的美国人90%的时间都是在室内度过的，由此可推知，A项符合语境。2．答案与解析：E本空是段首句，与下一段的首句“Therearealsoalotofmentalbenefits...canmakesenseoflife.”呼应，并结合对本段内容的整体理解可知，本段主要讲述了出去走走的一些明显的益处，所以E项与语境相符。3．答案与解析：D本段表述大自然对人的精神健康有益。根据语境并结合空前的“peopletendtohavemorepositiveemotionandenergythanwhentheyareindoors”可推知，D项“换句话说，人们在大自然中更开心”与此处匹配。4．答案与解析：G根据空后一句“Afterwards,shinrin­yoku,theJapaneseconcept...followedthat.”可推知，该空陈述的应是与大自然对人类有益的理论或概念相关的内容，选项G的内容与空处相符，所以选G项。5．答案与解析：B空处承上启下。B选项中的“itdoesn'thavetobeaforest”与空前一句中的“withnoreadyaccesstoforestsorthewilderness”相衔接，且与空后一句中的“greenenvironmentsincitieshavebeneficialeffects”相呼应，所以选B项。Test3语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我——生活与学习——读书方面的建议[文章大意]面对每年出版的浩如烟海的书籍，我们如何找到自己想要读的书？如何看待停止阅读某一本书？阅读电子书和纸质书，哪个更好？本文将给出这些问题的答案。1．答案与解析：D根据空前一句可知，出版商每年要出版50000多本书；根据空后一句“Nobodydoes”可推知，空处提问的应是关于读书的问题，而这一问题的答案是没有人做到，故D项与此处匹配。2．答案与解析：G根据空前一句表述的找到可信任的书单很容易和空后一句表述的作者个人喜欢的书单可推知，G项与此处匹配。3．答案与解析：C根据空处所在的位置可知，空处为本段的主题句；结合本段内容尤其是最后两句可知，该段主要讲述要对不再阅读某本书这种情况改变心态，故C项正确。4．答案与解析：A空处为本段的主题句；根据该段中的“Idon'treade­books”“Perhapsthereisanicechangeinyourmindwhileyou'rereadingphysicalbooks”可推知，该段主要介绍“要阅读纸质书”的建议，故A项正确。5．答案与解析：F根据空前一句可知，阅读纸质书将会使你的思维方式发生一个不错的改变。据此可知，空处应是承接上文，进一步表述阅读纸质书的好处，故F项正确。且F项中的“awelcomechange”与空前一句中的“anicechange”相呼应。Test4语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——社会生活——礼貌地使用手机的建议[文章大意]本文主要介绍了如何避免使用手机时的不礼貌行为，包括知道使用手机的场合，讲话声音不要太大，与他人一起吃饭时不要使用手机等。1．答案与解析：G空前一句表述有手机信号的地方就有不礼貌的手机用户，并结合空后一句“Couldthatbeyou？”可推知，G项“大多数不礼貌的人甚至没有意识到自己的行为”符合语境。2．答案与解析：C根据空前一句中的“where”以及空后的“soavoidtalkingonyourcellphoneorhavingitringwhileinsuchplaces”可知，空处应是表述一些场合不适合使用手机，所以选C项。3．答案与解析：F根据前一句“Infact,doingsooftenmakesitharderforyoutobeunderstood.”并结合本段的主题句“Don'ttalktooloudly.”可推知，空处进一步解释了对着手机吼的负面影响，所以选F项。4．答案与解析：E根据本段的主题句“Don'tuseyourphonewhenhavingamealwithsomeone.”，并结合空后一句“Ifyouhaveto,stepawaybutdon'tstayawayanylongerthanabathroombreak.”可推知，空处建议人们尽量不要在吃饭时进行电话交谈，所以选E项。5．答案与解析：A根据该空的位置可知，该空是该段的主题句。根据空后一句中的“butit'spotentiallyacceptabletoreceiveandsendtextmessages.”和对本段的整体理解可推知，本段主要建议人们学会发短信，所以选A项。阅读七选五技能保分练(二)Test1语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——灾害防范——如何在大流行病前保持自我健康[文章大意]本文介绍了在大流行病前保持自我健康的方法。1．答案与解析：FF项中的“thatpossibility”和空前的“achance”相呼应，分析语境可知，F项在此处起到了承上启下的过渡作用，所以选F项。2．答案与解析：G本空是段尾句，有总结之意。此外，G选项中的“That”和空前一句“You'dbetterstockuptodayonatleast2­weekworthofessentialssuchaswater,food,emergencyandmedicalsupplies.”相衔接，且G选项中的“anextendedtimeathome”与上文中的“peopleremaininquarantine(隔离期)”相呼应，所以选G项。3．答案与解析：E根据“Itmayfeel...decidedonandready”及“Figureout...wouldbe”可知，空处陈述的应是你和家人讨论的内容，E选项符合语境。4．答案与解析：B本空是段首句。根据对本段的整体理解可知，本段主要陈述的是健康的行为习惯的具体方面，与选项B内容呼应，所以选B项。5．答案与解析：C空后一句中的“wheretofindit”与C选项中的“keepitsomewheresafeandvisible”相呼应，故空处应是建议把必要信息单放在安全且家人都能看到的地方，所以选C项。Test2语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自然——环境保护——如何养成环保的生活方式[文章大意]本文介绍了三条有助于养成环保的生活方式的建议，包括使用太阳能、改变饮水习惯以及减少交通工具的碳排放量。1．答案与解析：E根据空前的“thiskindoftransformationdoesn'thavetobeanexhaustingexercise.”可知，这种改变不一定是一项使人疲惫的活动，并结合空后一句表述的“这里是它们中的三个”以及下文表述的三个建议可知，E项与此处匹配。2．答案与解析：A根据空后的“Byusingsolarenergy,youwillmakeyourhomefarmoresustainable.”可知，该段讲的是“使用太阳能”的建议，故A项符合语境。3．答案与解析：G该段主要谈论改变饮水的习惯，空前一句表述如果你数过数量，你会发现你一年中因饮水而用的一次性塑料瓶的数量能达到三位数，或者甚至可能是四位数，由此可知，空处应是对饮用塑料瓶装水的评价，故选G。4．答案与解析：F根据空后一句中的“thesetypesofstraws”可知，F项“就这个情况而言，你可以做出的另一个改变是停止使用塑料吸管”符合语境。5．答案与解析：D该部分谈论的是在交通工具的碳排放量方面如何培养环保的生活方式，空前一句表述仍然有一些你能做的事情来使你的生活方式更加环保，D项中的“Twochoices”与此处呼应，且整句话表述的内容与此段内容匹配，故选D项。Test3语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与自我——完善自我——增强记忆力的方法[文章大意]文章介绍了五种使你有一个好的记忆力的方法，包括进行一次剧烈运动、限制看电视的时间等。1．答案与解析：A分析文章结构可知，空处为该部分的小标题，根据本部分中的“Whenwesitwithourshouldersbentforward,thispositionactuallycausesustofeelanxiousordepressed”以及“anuprightpostureapparentlyimprovesthememory”可知，肩膀前倾的坐姿会引起焦虑或抑郁，而直立的姿势显然可以改善记忆力。故A项符合语境，能概括本段内容。2．答案与解析：D根据本部分的标题Exercise—Once以及该部分中的“