2024《试吧大考卷》二轮专题闯关导练英语【新高考】阅读理解技能保分练(十一)

2024《试吧大考卷》二轮专题闯关导练英语【新高考】阅读理解技能保分练(十一)阅读理解技能保分练(十一)主旨大意题——文章大意类A[2020·兰州高三诊断考试]Iwantedtobeajournalist.Butmyparentsremindedmethatmathmakesmoney,soofftoengineeringschoolIwent.Inmypost­universityyoung­adultlife,I'vemanagedtobecome“traditionallysuccessful”.Asafemaleengineer,Iworkedforabigoilcompanyandownedahome.Mylifewaslaidoutinfrontofme,andIdidn'tlikewhatIsaw.So,Ididwhatanyrespectable24­year­oldwoulddoandleftmylifebehind.Isaidgoodbyetomyboyfriendandpulledoutmysuitcase.Ithrewmyselfaloneintotheworldwiththegraceandbeautyofababydeertakingitsfirststepswithskateboardsunderitsfeet.IbloodiedmykneesmountainbikingthroughtheredrocksofUtah.IspentfourdaysstrugglingthroughYellowstonewith50poundsonmyback.TwoPeruvianwomenalongmyAndeanjourneytaughtmehowtoroastcoffeeandhelpedmepracticeSpanish.Itwasn'tVienna'sculturalmuseums;itwasasunnypieceofgrassbesidetheDanubeRiverwithsomeonefrommyhostel(青年旅社)whoquicklybecameafriend.Itwasn'tYellowstone'sOldFaithfulgeyser(间歇泉)launchinghotwaterintotheair;itwaschargingthroughMontana'sordinarylandscapeplayingmusicsoloudthatthecarwindowsshook.Thetruthis,Ididn'tactuallyneedtobeabroadtohavealmostanyofmyfavoriteexperiences.Theywerejustsmalleverydaymomentsthathappenedtohappenabroad,leadingmetorealizethatthetruevalueofmyflightticketswerenotthelandmarks,butratherbecominganactiveparticipantinmyownlife.Inowspendlesstimeononlineshoppingandmoretimelyingaloneonthefloorlisteningtoanalbumcover­to­cover.Iaskmyfriendshowthey'redoing.SometimesIsurprisethemwithflowerstoseethemsmile.Itelleveryonetohaveagoodday.1．WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorfromParagraph1?A．Shefoundherworkchallenging.B．Shewasdissatisfiedwithherlife.C．Shepreferredmathtojournalism.D．Shedarednottalkbacktoherparents.2．Whydoestheauthormentionthejourneysshehastakeninthetext?A．Toprovetheimportanceoftravel.B．Toexpressherjoywithnewfriends.C．Toshowwhatshelearnedfromthetravelling.D．Tointroducethelandmarksshewasinterestedin.3．Howhasthetravelprobablychangedtheauthor?A．Shehasbecomemoreindependent.B．Shebeginstoenjoyherdailylifemore.C．Shebeginstovalueherfamily'sopinion.D．Shehasbecomemoreinterestedinforeigncultures.4．Whatmessagedoestheauthortrytoconveyinthetext?A．Weshouldn'tthinklifeisbetterelsewhere.B．Interestisthebestteacherinchoosingjobs.C．Travelisthebestwaytospendyourholidays.D．Weshouldn'tpayattentiontowhatotherssay.B[2020·贵阳市高三适应性考试(一)]InastudyofyoungpeopleintheUKaged12­20,halfofthemsaidtheyhadbeenbullied(欺侮).Studentswhoarebulliedaremorelikelytosufferfromdepressionandanxiety.Theymightloseinterestintheactivitiestheyenjoy,avoidspendingtimewithotherpeopleandnotgotoclassesorschool,whichhasanegativeeffectontheirlearning.Bullyingisnotjustphysical,likehittingorkickingsomeone,ortakingtheirthingswithoutpermission.Bullyingcanalsobewithwords—sayingorwritingthingsthatarenotnice.Anothertypeofbullyingissocial—choosingnottoincludesomeone,embarrassingsomeoneortellingotherpeoplenottobefriendswithsomeone.Bullyingcanhappenatschool,onpublictransport,whenyou'rewalkinghome,surfingonline...Infact,itcanhappenanywhere.Bullyingusuallyinvolvesmorepeoplethanyouthink.Therearethepeoplewhobullyothersandthosewhoarebullied.Sometimesotherpeoplehelpthebullyorjoinin.Thentherearethekidsthatsupportbullying—theydon'tbullyanyonedirectly,buttheysupportthebullyingbybeingtheaudience.Theyencouragethechildrenwhoarebullyinginotherways.Thisiswhyit'simportantforeveryonetoworktogetheragainstbullying.Somechildrenseewhatishappeningandwanttohelp,althoughtheydon'tknowhow.Othersmaycomfortanddefendthepersonbeingbullied.Tostopbullyingweneedeveryonetobebraveandtakeastand.Doesyourschooldoanythingtopreventbullying?Whydon'tyoucreateastudentanti­bullyinggroup?Thisgroupcandomanythings.Lettheheadteacherknowhowwelltheschoolisdoingwithfightingbullyingandgivehimadvice.Chooseananti­bullyingsloganforyourschool,makepostersanddisplaysortakeovertheschool'ssocialmediaforaweektosendoutanti­bullyingmessages.Bullyingisasocialproblemanditneedsasolutionfromsociety—inotherwords,everyone.Nexttimeyouseesomeonebeingcrueltosomeoneelse,takeastand!Don'tlaughatorignorewhat'shappening—tellanadultassoonaspossibleandhelpeveryonetorealizethatbullyingisnotOK.5．Whatmayhappentothestudentswhentheywerebulliedatschool?A．Theyhaveinterestintheactivitiestheyenjoy.B．Theyarelikelytotalkwithotherpeople.C．Theyhavetofinishtheirlearning.D．Theybecomeupsetandanxious.6．Whatisthewriter'sattitudetobeinganaudienceforbullying?A．Supportive.B．Indifferent.C．Critical.D．Optimistic.7．Whatcanwedotostopschoolbullying?A．Watchandlaughatit.B．Realizeandfightagainstit.C．Comfortthevictims.D．Standbytobetheaudience.8．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Schoolbullyingandwaysout.B．Anintroductiontoschoolbullying.C．Ananti­bullyingslogan.D．Astudentanti­bullyinggroup.C[2020·绵阳市高中第三次诊断性考试]ThesloganfortheCulturalHeritageandSustainableDevelopmentFundis“InLoveWithChina”—andthisspecialmessagehasbeenshowninitsownlogo.Thelogousesthecharactersfor“wind”and“phoenix”(凤凰)inancientoraclebonescript(甲骨文)onacircularChinesefan.KangJiaqi,theexecutivedirectorofCHSDF,explainsthemanylayersofmeaningbehindthelogo:Thelogoadoptsthewritingstyleoforaclebonescript—datingbackover3,000years—carvedontoeitherturtleshellsoroxbones.“TheChinesecharacterfor‘wind’andthecharacterfor‘phoenix’arealmostthesame,withjustonestrokedifference.InChina'sancientpast,thephoenixwaswidelyconsideredtobringpeaceandhappinessandrepresentgoodfortune.Thecharacterfor‘wind’hasalonghistoryandisalsoknownasanamerepresentingcultureandspiritualpower.”“Boththecharactersfor‘wind’and‘phoenix’sharethesamecomponent,whichisalsousedinthelogo.Thisextraordinarycombinationrepresentshowexpertsleadfashion,whichinturnleadsculture—andthatcultureisthebasisofcreativity.Therefore,itrepresentstheimportanceoftraditionalChinesecultureinglobalcreativity.”“TakingtheChineseoraclebonecharactersfor‘wind’and‘phoenix’asourlogorepresentsthebeginningofChinesecivilization,whichsuggeststhatitcanpassonChineseculturethroughthecooperationbetweentheCHSDFandthecooperativeplatformofglobaldesigners，”explainsJiaqi.LogoartistSamChungsimilarlyexplainsherdesignprocess:Thedecisionoftheoraclebonescriptfor“wind”comesfromtherootofthecharacteritself.Originatedfromthecharactershapeof“phoenix”，“wind's”oraclebonescriptstillpresentstheetherealbeauty,despiteitsmorecircularshape.Thethreetassels(流苏)attheendofthemoon­shapedfanfurthergiveafeelingoflightnesswhilehintingatboththeEasternandWesternflavor.9．Whatdoweknowaboutthelogo?A．It'scarvedonturtleshells.B．It'sdrawnonacircularChinesefan.C．It'sdesignedinanewwritingstyle.D．It'sacombinationoftwosimilarcharacters.10．Whyarethecharactersfor“wind”and“phoenix”chosen?A．Theyareeasilywritten.B．Theysymbolizegoodfortune.C．TheyrepresentChineseculturalandspiritualpower.D．TheypromoteglobalcreativitybasedonChineseculture.11．Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?A．SamChungisthedesignerofthelogo.B．Theideaforthelogocomesfromabroad.C．Thedirectorhaslittlesayinthedecision.D．Tasselsaresymbolofwesternculture.12．What'sthepassagemainlyabout?A．Chineseinfluenceontheworld.B．ThemakingofthelogoforCHSDF.C．Chinesecultureandcivilization.D．Chinesecharactersfor“wind”and“phoenix”．阅读理解技能保分练(十二)主旨大意题——段落大意类A[2020·石家庄市高三年级阶段性训练题]YogaisanancientphysicalandspiritualpracticeoriginatinginIndia.Theword“yaga”comesfromSanskrit(梵文)andmeansjoiningoruniting,symbolizingtheunionofthebodyandmind.Todayitispracticedinvariousformsaroundtheworldandcontinuestogrowinpopularity.Recognizingitsuniversalappeal,theUnitedNationsdeclared21JuneastheInternationalDayofYogain2014toraiseawarenessworldwideofthemanybenefitsofpracticingyoga.Yogaisaninvaluablegiftfromanancienttradition.It'snotjustaboutexercisebutawaytodiscoverthesenseofonenesswithyourself,natureandtheworld.Thereisnowrittenrecordofwhoinventingyoga.Yogapractitioners(从业者)passeddowntheprinciplestotheirstudents.TheearliestwrittenrecordofyogaisgenerallybelievedtobewrittenbyPatanjali,anIndianmasterwholivedsomewherebetween2,000and2,500yearsago.Variousyogatypesgiveyoumultiplechoices.Hathayogaisthemostwidelypracticedtypeandisexcellentforbeginners.Itisgentlewithslowandsmoothmovements.Kundaliniyogacombinesasingingsessionbesidesbodyandmentalcontrol.Bikramyogaispracticedinaheatedroom.Itistoloosenupmusclesandtosweattocleanthebodyandremovesymptomsofdiseaseandpain.Ashtangayogaistaughtasadifficultworkoutwhereyoumovequicklyfromonegesturetoanothertobuildstrengthandpatience.Inrecentyears,theWorldHealthOrganizationhasurgedcountriestohelptheircitizensreducephysicalinactivity,whichisamongthetoptenleadingcausesofdeathworldwide,andakeyriskfactorfornon­communicablediseases,suchascanceranddiabetes.Yogaisaproperexercise.Itisknownforitsabilitytoeasestressandanxiety.Itmayalsohelpreduceseveralriskfactorsforheartdiseasesandpromoteabettersleep.1．WhydidtheUnitedNationssettheInternationalDayofYoga?A．TopromotetheresearchintoSanskrit.B．TohelppeopleknowmoreaboutIndia.C．Topopularizeyogapracticeworldwide.D．Togiveadeclarationonculturaldiversity.2．WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?A．Theprinciplesofyoga.B．Thehistoryofyoga.C．Thebenefitsofyoga.D．AnIndianyogamaster.3．Whatwillyouchooseifyou'relookingforachallengingexercise?A．Hathayoga.B．Kundaliniyoga.C．Bikramyoga.D．Ashtangayoga.4．Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A．Physicalinactivitycausesdeadlydiseases.B．Yogacanhelppreventcommunicablediseases.C．Littleornoexerciseputspeople'shealthatrisk.D．Yogacanbeacureformanykindsofdiseases.B[2020·广东省七校联合体第二次联考]StarringYiYangqianxiandLeiJiayin,newseriesTheLongestDayinChang'anhasbeenoneofthebiggestpleasantsurprisesforfansofTVdramasthissummer.Itsintensestoryandwell­designedcostumesandsceneryhavecapturedtheattentionofviewers,earningithighmarksonreviewplatforms.ThestorytakesplaceduringtheLanternFestivalinChang'an,thecapitaloftheTangDynasty.ThestoryfollowsZhangXiaojing,whohasbeensentencedtodeath.Beforetheexecution(处决),heisappointedbyLiBi,theyoungchiefoftheintelligencedepartment,tostopagroupofsuspectedterroristscalledtheWolfSquadandprotectChang’an.OneofthemainattractionsofthedramahasbeenitsrecreationandpresentationoftheancientcityofChang’an.Togiveviewersthefeelingthattheyaretravelinginthecity,theshow'sdirectorCaoDunhasbeenmakinguseofsingleshotscenesthatshowwhatthecrowdedmarketwouldhavebeenlikeduringtheLanternFestivalinChang’an.Thecasthasalsobeenamajordraw.Theyhavebeenanirreplaceablepartofthedrama.Theseexperiencedactorsarethefoundationforthedrama.Thedramaincludessomeimpressiveandimportantplotelements,suchaswatchtowersinthecitythataremannedbysharpshooterswhocanhitanytargetintheirrange.Theproductionteamevencameupwithadetailedsecretcommunicationsystemthatthesewatchtowersusetocommunicatewitheachother.Anotherinnovationistheuseofscreennotestoexplaintermsthataudienceswouldbeunfamiliarwith,suchastheterm“buliangren”，whichaudiencesmaymistakenlythinkreferstoavillain(坏人)inthedrama.Anexplanationappearsonthescreentotelltheaudiencethat“buliangren”arespecialiststrainedtocatchevilguys.It'sreallyhelpful.5．AccordingtoParagraph2,whatdoweknowaboutZhangXiaojing?A．Heendsupbeingkilledbysuspectedterrorists.B．HeisappointedasthechiefoftheintelligencedepartmentbyLiBi.C．Heisstillsentencedtolifeimprisonmentthoughheisinnocent.D．Heischosentodefeatthesuspectedterroriststhoughhefacesadeathsentence.6．Thedrama'sdirectoremploystheskillofsingleshotscenesinorderto________.A．makeviewersexperiencethefeelingoftravelinginthecityB．letaudienceshaveagoodtripinChang’anC．haveaudiencesunderstandthehistorywellD．showwhattheLanternFestivalislike7．Whatdoestheterm“buliangren”referto?A．Thepeoplewhoarethoughttohavecommittedacrime.B．Thepeoplewhoareexpertatarrestingbadmen.C．Thepeoplewhohavenofamilyorpossessions.D．Thepeoplewhoarereferredtoasvillains.8．Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?A．Theexplanationforscreennotes.B．Theintroductionofthecommunicationsystem.C．Theinnovationelementsofthedrama.D．Theaudience'sassessmentsofthedrama.C[2020·成都市高三第一次诊断性检测]Thismorningwe'regoingtoheadoffdownintothewetland,averyspecifickindofwetlandcalledthePrairiefen.YoucanfindNateFullercountingbutterflies.TheSarettNatureCenterneedsanaccuratecountofMitchell'ssatyrbutterfliestohelppreserveoneoftheirlastknownhabitats.They'reveryparticularaboutthekindofhabitatwheretheycanlive,whichispartofwhatmakesthemsorareandamazingindicatorsforourwaterquality.Today,SarettexpertAshleyCole­WickwithMichigan'sNaturalFeaturesInventoryhelpsFullercount.Shesays,“WhenIfirststartedworkingonthebutterflyin2013,wehad18populationsandin2019,wehad10.”TheMitchell'ssatyrbutterflywentontheendangeredspecieslistin1991.Initiallyitwasthoughtthatlossofwetlandscontributedtotheirdecline.Fullersays,“It'snotjusthabitatavailability.Thequantityandqualityofgroundwatercomingintothesewetlandsseemtobeachallengeforthebutterfly.Nothinghasallbeensortedoutexactly.”Whilethedeclineislikelyacombinationoffactors,thefactthatwaterqualitymightcontributeisalarmingbecausethewetlandsaretheheadwatersfortheMidwest'sriversandstreams.Acaptivebreeding(人工繁殖)programwasstartedfouryearsagoattheToledoZootohelpgettothebottomofthemystery.TodayDirectorRyanWalshwhoheadstheprogramsaysit'sbeentheonlysuccessfulcaptivebreedingprogram.Thecaterpillars(毛毛虫)spentthewinterinaspecialweathercontrolroomthathelpeddeterminetheMitchell'ssatyrsdon'tdowellbelow4.4degreesCelsius.Withthatknowledge,theprogramproduced1,300neweggs,adevelopmentthatmaygoalongwaytowardrestoringthepopulation.Andifallgoeswell,mayonedaytheMitchell'ssatyrbutterflyearnaticketofftheendangeredspecieslist.9．Whataretheindicatorsforthewaterquality?A．Thehabitats.B．Thebutterflies.C．Thewetlands.D．Theexperts.10．Whatisthemainideaofthethirdparagraph?A．Theimportanceofwaterquality.B．Actionstakentoprotectthebutterflies.C．Thereasonswhythenumberofbutterfliesdeclines.D．Thenaturalconditionsforthebutterflies.11．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“restoring”inParagraph4mostprobablymean?A．Preserving.B．Increasing.C．Recovering.D．Controlling.12．Whatcanwelearnaboutthebutterfly?A．Itcaneasilybefound.B．Itisnotendangerednow.C．Itwilldieabove4.4degreesCelsius.D．Itcanbebredbyhumans.阅读理解技能保分练(十一)A语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自我——个人生活——学会享受每一天[文章大意]文章讲述了作者本来打算成为一名记者，但是在父母的影响下，她选择了做工程师；虽然作者作为工程师的工作也非常出色，但是她放弃了自己的工作，开始四处旅行，寻找自己想要的生活，最后作者发现生活在此处而非别处。1．答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第一段最后一句“Mylifewaslaidoutinfrontofme,andIdidn'tlikewhatIsaw.”可推知，作者虽然按父母的意愿，选择了工程学校，并且还取得了通常所认为的成功，但是作者仍然对自己这样的生活不满意，故选B项。2．答案与解析：C考查推理判断。第二段承接第一段最后一句提到的作者对生活的不满意，第二段中作者说明了做法之后，叙述了自己的旅游经历，根据第二段最后两句“Thetruthis,Ididn'tactuallyneedtobeabroad...myownlife.”可推知，作者叙述自己的旅游经历，是为了表明自己通过旅游得到的感悟，故选C。3．答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据第二段最后一句“Theywerejustsmalleverydaymomentsthathappenedtohappenabroad,leadingmetorealizethatthetruevalueofmyflightticketswerenotthelandmarks,butratherbecominganactiveparticipantinmyownlife.”可推知，作者通过旅游发现生活中那些小的时刻的意义，旅行让作者意识到要积极参与自己的生活，故选B项。4．答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。文章第一段叙述了作者对自己生活的不满意；第二段叙述了作者所做出的改变，作者最终发现了自己喜欢的真实生活，而且发现寻找自己喜欢的生活其实并不需要走得很远；第三段叙述了作者是怎样从独自听音乐、问候朋友、给朋友惊喜这些日常生活小事中获得快乐的，作者在文章最后表明要过好每一天。由此可推知作者是想告诉我们快乐生活就在身边，故选A项。B语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——人际关系——校园欺侮[文章大意]本文主要介绍了校园欺侮现象及相应的应对策略。5．答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段第二句“Studentswhoarebulliedaremorelikelytosufferfromdepressionandanxiety.”可知，学生在学校被欺侮后可能会变得沮丧和焦虑。6．答案与解析：C考查观点态度。根据第三段最后一句“Tostopbullyingweneedeveryonetobebraveandtakeastand.”和对本段的整体理解可推知，作者对各种直接或间接的欺侮的行为都是持批评态度的，critical意为“批评的”，故选C项。supportive“支持的”；indifferent“漠不关心的”；optimistic“乐观的”。7．答案与解析：B考查推理判断。根据最后一段第二句和第三句“Nexttimeyouseesomeone...helpeveryonetorealizethatbullyingisnotOK.”并结合上文的内容可推知，要阻止校园欺侮我们能做的是意识到它并同它作斗争。8．答案与解析：A考查主旨大意。通读全文内容可知，本文第一段至第三段介绍了校园欺侮的相关情况，第四段和第五段介绍了应对校园欺侮的办法，由此可推知，本文主要介绍了校园欺侮现象以及应对它的方法，故A项符合题意。C语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——文化——CHSDF的标志[文章大意]文化遗产和可持续发展基金会(CHSDF)的标志是在中国团扇上使用了古代甲骨文中的“风”和“凤”两个字。文章介绍了该标志背后的含义和设计过程。9．答案与解析：D考查细节理解。根据第一段尾句“Thelogousesthecharactersfor‘wind’and‘phoenix’(凤凰)inancientoraclebonescript(甲骨文)onacircularChinesefan.”以及第三段中的“TheChinesecharacterfor‘wind’andthecharacterfor‘phoenix’arealmostthesame,withjustonestrokedifference.”可知，这个标志是由在团扇上的“风”和“凤”这两个相似的汉字所组成的，故D项正确。10．答案与解析：D考查推理判断。通读第四段可知，“风”和“凤”这两个汉字中有相同的成分，这也被用在这个标志中。这种非凡的结合表明了专家们如何引领时尚，同时时尚又反过来引领文化，而文化正是创造力的基础。因此，这个标志代表着中国传统文化在全球创造力中的重要性，由此可推知，D项正确。11．答案与解析：A根据最后一段中的“LogoartistSamChungsimilarlyexplainsherdesignprocess”可知，这个标志的设计师是SamChung，故A项正确。12．答案与解析：B考查主旨大意。根据全文内容可知，文章介绍了CHSDF的标志背后的意义和它的设计过程，故B项正确。阅读理解技能保分练(十二)A语篇类型：说明文主题语境：人与社会——艺术与体育——瑜伽[文章大意]瑜伽是起源于印度的一种古老的身体和精神练习。文章介绍了瑜伽的发展历程、作用及类型等。1．答案与解析：C考查细节理解。根据第一段第四句“Recognizingitsuniversalappeal,theUnitedNationsdeclared21JuneastheInternationalDayofYogain2014toraiseawarenessworldwideofthemanybenefitsofpracticingyoga.”可知，联合国设立国际瑜