新概念笔记第三册第一部分

§Lesson1Apumaatlarge逃遁的美洲狮

★spotv.看出，发现

pickout/see/recognize/catchsightof

eg:Atallmaniseasytospotinthecrowd.

Hehasgoodeyeforspottingmistakes.他有敏锐的识别错误的能力。

spot（做动词时候）=see:强调结果、辨别出、看见、识别、发现。

find强调发现的结果。findout杳出事实真相。discover做出重大发现notice注意到observe观察

watch观察活动中的人或画面

spotn.斑点eg:Thereisawhitespotontheshirt.

1,立刻，马上（atonce,immediately）

Anyonebreakingtheruleswillbeaskedtoleaveonthespot.

2,attheplaceoftheaction在现场

Whereversheisneeded,sheisquicklyonthespot.

★evidence[u]n.证据evidentlyadv.evidentadj.

Whenthepolicearrived,hehadalreadydestroyedtheevidence.

evidence=proof

inevidence:显而易见的.

Hewasinevidenceattheparty.

★accumulatevt,vi.积累，积聚

accumulate强调积累的过程

Astheevidenceaccumulates,expertsfromthezoofeltobligedtoinvestigate,

gathervt.聚集，把某人召集在某处

collect收集，采集assemble集合，集会，vt.装配hoard大量地贮存

Thesquirrelhoardsupnutsforthecoldwinter,

hoardup=storeup

amass积聚（主要用于诗歌和文学作品）

★obligev.使..感到必须

feelobligedtodosth.感觉有必要做某事

beobligedtodosth被迫做某事

runafter强调追赶、追求.seek追寻（梦想，理想）=pursuechase追赶.

huntfor

search搜寻某处为了寻找到某人或某物

★cornerv.使走投无路，使陷入困境

cornern.角落

atthecornerofthestreet

inthecorneroftheroom

onthecornerofthedesk

becornered........被逼得走投无路

常用于被动语态：

Thethiefwascorneredatlast.

Theproblemcorneredme.这个问题把我难例了。

★trailn.一串，一系列

trail==followvt.跟踪

eg:Thepolicetrailedthecriminaltotheplacewherehewashiding.

★cling(clung,clung)v.粘

eg:Sheisalwaysclingingtohermother.

Heclungtothehopethathewouldsucceed.(抱有，怀有)

stick粘住stickto坚持stickyadj.粘的

★convincevt.使...信服

convincesb.ofsth使sb相信sth和宾语从句that搭配使用

没有宾语的情况下要采用主系表结构：beconvinced

sbbeconvicnedsb相信

★somehowadv.不知怎么搞地，不知什么原因

bysomemeans,insomeway,forsomereasonunknown

somewhat==alittle

★disturbv.令人不安

disturbingadj.令人不安的disturbed感到不安的

surprising令人吃惊的surprised感到吃惊的

exciting令人激动的excited感到激动的

life-like栩栩如生的

一般来讲定语从句和同位语从句紧随在被修饰名词后面，但为了保持句子平衡，也可以把谓语动词放到从句之前

定语从句只是对于被修饰词的补充说明、修饰。

同位语从句则是讲述被修饰名词的内容

定语从句的引导词：

指人：主语who;宾语who/whom;定语whose

表达事物：that（也可指人）/which

时间状语：when;地点状语：where;原因状语：why

同位语从句：名词做主语•、宾语时，关系同用that而不是which

时间when;地点where

eg:Anideacametoherthatshemightdotheexperimentinanotherway.

Ihavenoideawhathashappenedtohim.

定语从句中没有what这个关系词，但它可以引导同位语从句

（Anidea）…cometosb.某人突然想到了...

takesth.seriously==dealwithsth.seriously认真（严肃）对待某事

takesth.lightly:草率对待某事

as随着

过去分词做定语

2

声称曾经作过某事：claimtohavedonesth

IstillremembertheschoolwhereIstudiedEnglish.

confirm:besure,becertain

search=hunt

把某物留在后面:leavebehind

Whereverhewent,thewoundsoldierleftbehindhimatrailofblood.伤员所到之处,都留下道道血迹。

英文的表达方式重点在于突出客观事实，而中文则善于运用动作的执行者

complainof/about:抱怨

on+名词：强调动作正在进行

ontherise:在上升

ontheincrease:在增加

onthewatch:在观看

onthematch:在比赛中

onthefishingtrip:在钓鱼的途中

onholiday:在度假

fully:completely,entirely

inthepossessionofsb==insb'spossession归某人所有

inpossessionofsth.拥有某物

takepossessionof拥有

eg:Thebeautifulcarisinmypossession/inthepossessionofme.

Iaminpossessionofthebeautifulcar.

Thepersoninpossessionofthebighouseisexcited.

Itisdisturbingtothinkthat一想到.....就心里不安

eg:ItisdisturbingtothinkthatIfeltmyexamination.inthequietcountryside

定语从句中which以及指代人的做宾语的whom,在非正式用法当中可以省略。省略时，介词不能前置到关系代词

whom,which前，只能用于非固定的动词短语后面。

以look为例

lookat:注视

lookfor:寻找介词不能前置

livein:居住介词可以前置

eg:Thisistheoldhouseinwhichhelived./Thisistheoldhousehelivedin

1.D

A只是一个具体的特定的事例，阅读理解题的时候要把握中心大意

Blargecat关键性用词

2.B

3.C

3

4.make----makesb.do,bemadetodo

主动语态中不定式t。的符号应该省略被动语态中不定式t。的符号必须补充完整

5D

把say改成claim-・・Peopleclaimedtohaveseenthepuma.

6.B

与原句中的when意思要一致，when引导的时间状语从句表示一

结构形式和assoonas相•致的

如果用主动:Onobservingher,itimmediatelyranaway.

Onseeingme,hewavedtome.

7.D

原句中unles——if..not/exceptontheconditionthatwhen=if

except可以和名词/名词性从句进行搭配，也可以是when/if引导的从句形式。

8.Dmustbe只是对客观现实的推测，时态不一致情态动词表达推测的语意概念时，对于过去事实推测一定要用于情

态动词have以及过去分词形式进行搭配。

9Cnomorethan=onlywithin=notmorethan

10B

inacorner表示处于困境、尴尬的境地inatrap表示落于陷阱中atanangle表示弯曲的、不直的

11fishesforpleasure钓鱼为了游玩onhisown=alone

4

L02-01begin11'49”

§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一

[Newwordsandexpressions]生词和短语

♦equalv.等于

♦raisev.募集；筹（款）

♦vicarn.牧师

♦torchlightn.电筒光

★equalv.等于

AequalB

与...相匹敌Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.

eg:MaryisquiteequaltoJohninbrains.

beequalto+n:1.与..相匹敌

2.有能力做某事to-介词

eg:Iamequaltorunningthecompany.

★raisev.募集；筹（款）

raisemoney筹款

raiseprice提高

raiseahorse饲养

raiseafamily供养

raisewheet种植小麦

raiseanarmy招募

raiseashout发出喊声

★vicarn.牧师

★torchlightn.电筒光

[Text]

§Lesson2Thirteenequalsone十三等于一

Ourvicarisalwaysraisingmoneyforonecauseoranother,buthehasnevermanagedtogetenough

moneytohavethechurchclockrepaired.Thebigclockwhichusedtostrikethehoursdayandnightwas

damagedmanyyearsagoandhasbeensilenteversince.

Onenight,however,ourvicarwokeupwithastart:theclockwasstrikingthehours!Lookingathis

watch,hesawthatitwasoneo'clock,butthebellstruckthirteentimesbeforeitstopped.Armedwitha

torch,thevicarwentupintotheclocktowertoseewhatwasgoingon.Inthetorchlight,hecaughtsight

ofafigurewhomheimmediatelyrecognizedasBillWilkins,ourlocalgrocer.

'WhateverareyoudoinguphereBill?'askedthevicarinsurprise.

'I'mtryingtorepairthebell,*answeredBill.1Tvebeencomingupherenightafternightforweeksnow.

Ybusee,Iwashopingtogiveyouasurprise.,

'Youcertainlydidgivemeasurprise!'saidthevicar.'Ybu\eprobablywokenupeveryoneinthevillage

aswell.Still,I'mgladthebellisworkingagain.'

'That'sthetrouble,vicar,'answeredBill.It'sworkingallright,butI'mafraidthatatoneo'clockitwill

5

strikethirteentimesandthere'snothingIcandoaboutit."

'We'llgetusedtothat,Bill,'saidthevicar.•Thirteenisnotasgoodasone,butit'sbetterthannothing.

Nowlet'sgodownstairsandhaveacupoftea.,

【课文讲解】

现在进行时和always等频度副词的搭配一表示说话人带有的情感色彩

Tomisalwaysdoinghomework.

Tomisalwaysdoeshishomework.

Heisalwaysmakingnoises.

oneoranother表示某种、这样或那样

getenoughmoney筹集足够的奏金来做某事

Ihavetogetenoughmoneytohavemyhouserepaired.

havethechurchclockrepaired-----havesth.done找某人来做某事

havetheplanerepairedhavehaircut

某人所遭受到的意外某种情况-----主语必须是发出动作的人

Hiswalletwasstolen.Hehadhiswalletstolen.

usedt。:过去常常做，而现在不再发生的事情了

Heusedtosmokeeveryday.

L02-01end11'49”

L02-02begin12'45H

however用于口语，主要用于句首，作文中，最好用在句中、句尾，要用逗号分隔开来

Hesaidthatitwasso,hewasmistake,however.

or:Hesaidthatitwasso,however,hewasmistake.

Iknowhisstory,however,Iwouldn'tliketotellyou.

Iknowhisstory,I,however,wouldn,tliketotellyou.

however可用neverthelessnonetheless替换

start:惊跳、惊奇

Eg:Thevoicemadehimstart.

Whatastartyougiveme.你真吓了我•跳

Hestoodupwithastart.

before..才

Nearlyaweekpastbeforehecouldexplainwhathadhappentohim.

Armedwithatorch...

现在分词和过去分词的用法looking

分词做状语/定语时，一定要注意它和逻辑主语要呼应一致

Inthetorchlight

6

非正式用语中whom可以省略掠

recognizedsbas认出某人是

regardsbas,thinkofsbas,treatsbas（把某人对待为），haveonsbas（把某人尊敬为）

whatever:ever用来加强语气

nightafternight一夜连着一夜

dayafterday/yearafteryear/weekafterweek/busafterbus

youcertainlydidgiveme...

did

肯定句中常用do,did,does加强语气和情感色彩，一定要位于动词原形之前。

Eg:Youdolikebeautytoday.

aswell用在句尾相当于t。。，主要用在肯定句中，但比t。。所表达的语意更优秀

still用于句首，用逗号分隔开来，表达个转折的关系。虽然如此，但是

getusedto,beusedtodo,beaccustomedto,getaccustomedto都表示习惯于

get强调渐进的过程，be强调习惯了的状态

Eg:Weareusedtothecoldweatherhere.

Youwillgetusedtothecoldweatherhere.你很快会适应这寒冷的天气的。

L02-02end12'45”

L02-03begin10'56”

[Specialdifficulties]P20

In

1.prep表达惊奇，恐惧，失望或生气等感情色彩的名词搭配连用,在句中起状语的作用

insurprise;inastonishment;inalarm;inembarrassment;inamazement;indespair;indismay;in

anger;indisappointment

2.prep表达以、用：用于语言，书写材料，色彩或声音等方面

inEnglish;inpencil;inink;inafewwords;insuchahighvoice;inoil;inred;incode

3,用于状态、情况或处境

introuble;indifficulty;inbed;inahurry;indebt;inlovewithsb;intears;ingoodorder;ingood

repair;ingoodhealth;inporhealth;inthebadmood;inthegoodmood;inhaste;inafavorof

excitement;inpoverty;inluxury

[Exercise]

Useaphrasewithininplaceofthewordsinitalics

1Ilefthomeveryquicklysoasnottomissthetrain.

2IsupposeIshallfinishthiseventually.

3Intheearlymorningtherewasnotapersontobeseen.

4ShallIwritewithapenorwithapencil?

5Theyhaven*tmanyinterestswhichtheyshare.

6Whyisthatlittlegirlcrying?

7

key:1inahurry2intheend3insight4inink/inpencil5incommon6intears

[Multiplechoicequestions]多项选择题

Comprehension理解

1Thechurchclockdidnotworkbecause.

aitwastooexpensivetorepair

bitdisturbedthevicar'ssleep

cBillWilkinsonlyworkedatnight

dthebellhadbeenoutoforderformanyyears

1.Dswasdamaged

2ThevicarwassurprisedtoseeBillWilkinsintheclocktowerbecause.

a.BillWilkinshadbeenhopingtosurprisehim

b.itwasanunusualtimeandplacetofindhim

c.hehadexpectedtofindafigure

d.theclockhadstruckthirteentimes

2.B

3ThevicarofferedBillWilkinsacupofteabecause.

a.hethoughtthatBillWilkinswasthirsty

b.thankstohim,theclockwouldnowstrikeonceanhour

c.hewasgratefulforthetroubleBillwilkinshadtaken

d.hewaspleasedtohavebeenwokenupfornothing

为..表示感谢：begratefulfor/bethankfulfor

不辞辛劳地做某事:takethetroubletodosth.

3.C

Structure

4Inthepastthebigclockthehours.(II3-4)

a.struckalwaysb.alwaysstruckc.wasalwaysstrikingd.hasalwaysbeenstriking

Inthepast是过去时态的标志；always用在实义动词之前

4.B

5Itwasnotuntilthethirteenthstrokethebellstopped.(1.7)

a.beforeb.whenc.sothatd.that

Itwasnotuntil..ihat...一直到...才....

Eg:Itwasnotuntilmidnightthatsnowstopped.

5.D

6ThevicaraskedBill__doinginthechurchtower.(L10)

a.whatwasheb.whathewasc.whatheisd.whateverwashe

宾语从句的语序是陈述句语序

6.B

8

71___itallright,butI'mafraid...1(1115-16)

a.shallmendb.ammendingc.havemendedd.mended

突出结果或者对现在的影响，现在完成时

7.C

8'We'llgetusedtothat,Bill.'(1.17)

a.hearingb.hearc.thesoundd.havingheard

to介词，表示习惯于

8.A

Vocabulary

9Moneywhichiscollectedforacauseisknownas.(11.1-2)

a.cashb.afundc.ascholarshipd.aninvestment

fund基金cash现金scholarship奖学金investment投资

9.B

10Agrocerisamanwho.

a.runsashopb.eatsalotc.sellsbreadd.surprisespeople

runsashop经营商店

10.A

111*vebeencominghereforweeksnow.'(1.11)

a.everynightb.allnightc.thefollowingnightd.severalnights

nightafternight=everynight

11.A

12'.I'mgladthebellisworkingagain.'(1.14)

a.Yetb.Goodc.Justthesamed.Evennow

still尽管如此，依旧，仍然=Justthesame

12.C

Ifsraining,stillImustgoout.

still连接性副词，相当于inspiteofthat,eventhough,justthesame

yet但是，然而

Ihavefailed,yetIshalltryagain.

Thispictureisnottoovaluable,stillIlikeit.

L02-03end10'56”

9

L03-01begin10'59”

§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess无名女神

[Newwordsandexpressions]生词和短语

♦goddessn.女神

♦archaeologistn.考古学家

♦Aegeanadj.爱琴海的

♦explorev.考察，勘探

♦promontoryn.海角

♦prosperousadj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的

♦civilizationn.文明

♦storeyn.楼层

♦drainagen.排水

♦worshipn.崇拜

♦sacredadj.宗教的，神圣的

♦fragmentn.碎片

♦remainsn.遗物，遗迹，废墟

♦classicaladj.（希腊罗马）古文化的

♦reconstructv.修复

♦restv.倚放，放置

♦hipn.屁股，臀部

♦full-lengthadj.（裙衣）拖地长的

♦gracefuladj.优雅的

♦identityn.身份

★goddessn.女神

★archaeologistn.考古学家

★Aegeanadj.爱琴海的

★explorev.考察，勘探

Thearchaeologistsareexploringthecave,

explorationn.

explorern.探险家

★promontoryn.海角

★prosperousadj.（经济上）繁荣的，昌盛的

Ourfinanceisprosperous.

thriving昌盛的，兴旺的

booming蓬勃的，景气的

flourishing繁茂的，健康的

10

★civilizationn.文明

highlevelofcivilization高度文明

civilizev.

★storeyn.楼层

★drainagen.排水

★worshipn,崇拜

respect;admire

Whodoyouworshipinthworld?

warshipn.军舰战船

★sacredadj.宗教的,神圣的

holyadj.神圣的，圣洁的

solemnadj.庄严的，庄重的

sacredmusic圣乐

sacredpromise神圣的诺言

★fragmentn.碎片

★remainsn.遗物，遗迹，废墟

★classicaladj.（希腊罗马）古文化的

classicalmusic古典音乐

classicaleducation人文科学教育

classicadj.第一流的

Thisisaclassicexampleofloveatthefirstsight,

classicn.杰作，经典之作

★reconstructv.修复

re•重新，再次

construct构造，建造，组织

buildhouse造建筑物

putupatent

constructasentence

constructabrokenstatuary

erect:buildhighbuildings

erectmonument建造纪念碑

erectclocktower建造钟楼

setup;establish;found建立

Eg:setupstudents1union

establishaschool/rule

foundacountry

constructionn.

11

constructiveadj.有教育意义的

constructorn.建设者

★restv.倚放，放置

★hipn.屁股，臀部

[Cl]在服用兴奋剂，宗教信仰方面赶时髦的人；消息灵通人士；adj.通晓的，见闻广的

Eg:Haryisarealhip.玛丽真是赶时髦

Theguyisn*tahip.这家伙什么都不懂

joinedatthehip表示交情极厚的

Eg:Thesetwoarejoinedatthehip.

shootfromthehip信口开河

Eg:Sorry,IsaidthatIshouldn'thaveshotfromthehip.

★full-lengthadj.(裙衣)拖地长的

afull-lengthdress

★gracefuladj.优雅的

agracefullady

elegant(behavier)

★identityn.身份

[Text]

§Lesson3Anunknowngoddess无名女神

Listentothetapethenanswerthequestionbelow.

Howdidthearchaeologistsknowthatthestatuewasagoddess?

Sometimeago,aninterestingdiscoverywasmadebyarchaeologistsontheAegeanislandofKea.An

AmericanteamexploredatemplewhichstandsinanancientcityonthepromontoryofAyiaIrini.Thecity

atonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.Houses--oftenthree

storeyshigh----werebuiltofstone.Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.Thecitywas

evenequippedwithadrainagesystem,foragreatmanyclaypipeswerefoundbeneaththenarrow

streets.

Thetemplewhichthearchaeologistsexploredwasusedasaplaceofworshipfromthefifteenthcentury

B.C.untilRomantimes.Inthemostsacredroomofthetemple,clayfragmentsoffifteenstatueswere

found.Eachoftheserepresentedagoddessandhad,atonetime,beenpainted.Thebodyofonestatue

wasfoundamongremainsdatingfromthefifteenthcenturyB.C.Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamong

remainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.ThisheadmusthavebeenfoundinClassicaltimesandcarefully

preserved.Itwasveryoldandpreciouseventhen.Whenthearchaeologistsreconstructedthefragments,

theywereamazedtofindthatthegoddessturnedouttobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.Shestood

threefeethighandherhandsrestedonherhip.Shewaswearingafull-lengthskirtwhichsweptthe

ground.Despitehergreatage,shewasverygracefulindeed,but,sofar,thearchaeologistshavebeen

unabletodiscoverheridentity.

12

【课文讲解】

aninterestingdiscovery：强调discovery,体现发现这个动作被考古学家做出

主动语态难以突出重点archaeologistsmadeaninterestingdiscovery

L03-01end10'59”

L03-02begin12'42”

英文表达：结果、影响、效果为主语，强调对客观事实的陈述

AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhich...

which引导定语从句，修饰限定temple

whichstandsinanancientcityon...

which=that;stand=lie,situate(vt.)locate(vt.)

AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichislocated/situatedin...

AnAmericanteamexploredatemplewhichliein...

stand表示高高坐落于，矗立于

Eg:Shestands1.75m./Agreattreestandsonthemount.

Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,forit...

for引导原因状语从句，对主句的附加说明

because引导原因状语从句，重点突出原因

Eg:Thedaybrokeforthebirdsweresinging.

atonetime:表达曾经，一度；过去时态的标志，once

musthavebeen对过去事实肯定的推测

enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.享有高度文明

with...

Eg:ayoungmanwithbroadshoulders/anoldladywithblackhair

beautifullydecorated过去分词做定语

abeautifullydressedlady衣着漂亮的女士/adesertedcarpark废弃的停车场

awhitepainteddoor被粉刷成白色的门

现在分词做定语，被修饰词与修饰词之间为；逻辑主动关系

aboyclimbingthetree/thestudentsreadingintheroom

Thecitywasevenequippedwith...for...werefound...

beequippedwith配备，装备

Eg:thecarwasequippedwithairconditioning.

13

for引导原因状语从句

beneaththenarrowstreets/underthenarrowstreets

prep.beneath=under正下方

Heisstandingunder/beneaththeumbrella.

under:在进行中，undercontrol控制之中；underdiscussion讨论之中；underrepairs修理之中

below:在下方，强调斜下方

Eg:Sheissittingbelowthewindow.

Thetemplewhich...

beusedas/beusedtobe把..用作为

Eg:Theboxwasusedasadeskinthesmallvillageschool.

Thewoodenboxwasusedasabookcase.

Thewoodenboxisusedtocontainbooks.

Inthemostsacredroomof...

Eachoftheserepresented...beenpainted.

representvt.代表

Irepresentalltheclassmates.

Thebodyofonestatuewasfound...

dating现在分词,修饰remains

thecustomsdatingfrom1990

datefrom追溯到,从…开始

Thetraditiondatesfromthetimewhenhisgrandfatherwasyoung.

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L03-03begin12'56”

Thecastledatesfromthe14thcentury.

Thecastledatesbacktothecentury.

Itsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsof...

happento强调事情的偶然发生

Eg:Ihappentohavedriventhatkindofcar.我恰巧开过那种汽车。

Hehappenedtofindtheticketinhispocket.他恰巧在口袋里找到那张票。

句式：Ithappensthat......

Eg:IthappnesthatImetheronmywaytowork

Ihappenedtomeetheronmywaytowork

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happenon巧遇，偶然发现，偶遇

Eg:Ihappendonthisoldpictureinthebackofthedrawer.

Guess,whoIhappendonwhileIwasinLondonlastmonth?

reconstruct:puttogether,piecetogether,restore

四个形容词：amazed:verymuchsurprised

surprised;astonished;amazed;astounded感到惊讶的,语气递增

astonished:muchsurprised

amazed:verymuchsurprised惊奇

astounded非常惊讶，尺愕，惊奇

tofind.../todiscover.../torealize...

I'mnotsurprisedtoseeyouhere.

turnout表明结果

turnout(tobe)+n./adj.

Eg:Ourpartyturnedout(tobe)asuccess

theconcertturnedouttobefailure.

Itturnedoutthat............原来是(表示结果)

that从句，或其他名词从句，it作形式主语

Eg:Itturnedoutthatthediamondhadbeeninthebankallthetime.

Itturnedoutthathisstatementwasfalse.

asitturnsout人们后来发现

Eg:Asitturnsout,therewasnotneedtoworry.

Asitturnsout,thereportwasmistaken.人们后来发现，这篇报告被弄错了。

Shestoodthreefeethighandherhandsrestedonthhips.

reston=dependon,leanon

Hishandrestedlightlyonmyshoulder.

whichswepttheground进一步说明拖地的，曳地的

despite/inspiteof+n./动名词

Itisstillaproblemforthearchaeologistsuptonow.

sofar,uptonow都是完成时的标志

discoverheridentity:findoutheidentity

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[Specialdifficulties]

happen(to),ithappenedthat...

[Multiplechoicequestions]

Comprehension

1Theinterestingdiscoverymadebythearchaeologistswas.

a.thatthecityhadoncebeenprosperous

b.thatthetemplehadbeenusedasaplaceofworship

c.theyfoundthefifteenstatueshadbeenpainted

d.thattheywerenotthefirsttohavefoundtheheadofthegoddess

IfsmissingheadhappenedtobeamongremainsofthefifthcenturyB.C.,

1.D

2Thecity,enjoyedahighlevelofcivilization'.Thisisconfirmedbythefactthat.

a.someofthehouseswerebuiltonlyonestoreyhigh

b.agreatnumberoffragmentswerefoundinthetemple

c.thecityhadbeenbuiltonclay

d.advancedtechniqueshadbeenemployedinbuildinganddecorating

Thisisconfirmedbythefactthat引导同位语从句，补充说明fact的内容。

beemployedin:被应用在…方面

'..Thecityatonetimemusthavebeenprosperous,foritenjoyedahighlevelofcivilization.Houses--often

threestoreyshigh-werebuiltofstone.Theyhadlargeroomswithbeautifullydecoratedwalls.Thecity

wasevenequippedwithadrainagesystem

3Inseekingtoestablishtheidentityofthereconstructedstatue,thearchaeologists.

a.triedtodeterminewhichgoddessitrepresented

b.piecedtogetherthefragmentstheyfound

c.discoveredthatitwasmoremodernthananyoftheotherstatues

d.wonderedwhetheritbelongedtothefifthorthefifteenthcentury

indoingsth:在..方面

structure

4Thecityhadonceknown.(II.4-5)

a,aprosperityb,theprosperousc.theprosperityd.prosperity

重点词汇know:知道，认识；经历过，曾经有过(=experience),这是一个文学用语，比experience更加正式

5ThetempleusedasaplaceofworshipsinceRomantimes.(11.9-10)

a.wasb.hasnotbeenc.hadbeend.wasnot

16

since:自从主句的主干时态为现在完成时

6Theyfoundthatthegoddessturnedouttobe..^11.14-15）

a.surprisinglyb.withsurprisec.totheirsurprised.asurprise

totheirsurprise:使某人感到惊讶的是（在句中可做独立的状语，句子的主语不必是某个人）

withsurprise:惊讶地（首先，必须与行为动词连用，其次，句子的主语必须是某个人）

Eg:Tomygreatdisappointmentthetrainhadalreadyleft.

Withsatisfaction/delight/dismay

Hesmokedhiscigarettewithsatisfaction.

Hewenthomewithdismay.

Toourdismaythepartyprovedtobeafailure.

7beingveryold,shewasverygraceful.（11.16-17）

a.Althoughb.Inspiteofc.Evend.Eventhough

despite=inspiteof（可以和名词、代词、动名词搭配）

8Sofar,thearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.（1.17）

a.havebeenimpossibleb.havenotbeenablec.cannothavebeend.couldnot

sofar现在完成时的标志

如果用posible/imposible,要采用形式主语it

..ithasbeenimpossibleforthearchaeologiststodiscoverheridentity.

Vocabulary

9Inthemostroomofthetemple..^I.10）

a.holyb.religiousc.frighteningd.colourful

原文中用到了sacred（宗教的，神圣的）

religious宗教的

frightening令人害怕的

colourful丰富多彩的

10Theheadwascarefullypreserved.Itwas.（1.13）

a.welldoneb.conservedc.maintainedc.ingoodcondition

state

welldone侧重强调做得好

conserve=keepfrombeingwasted,damaged,lost,destroyed

“不用尽或耗尽某物，保留“

conserveyourenergyyouneeded

wenustconserveoutforest

maintain:通过修缮保养，不使..破损（强调动作的过程）“维修，保养”

17

11Thegoddesstobeaverymodern-lookingwoman.(1.15)

a.appearedb.provedc.resolvedd.changed

turnout=prove

12But,thearchaeologistshavebeenunable..^l.17)

a.beforehandb.untilnowc.foralongtimed.atthisdistance

sofar=>untilnow,uptillnow

beforehand:(adv.)事先=inadvance

atthisdistance(of/intime)时隔已久

Eg:Icanhardlyrememberhimatthisdistanceoftime.

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§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs

阿尔弗雷德。布洛格斯的双重生活

[Newwordsandexpressions]生词和短语

♦manualadj.体力的

♦collarn.衣领

♦sacrificev.牺牲，献出

♦privilegen.好处

♦dustmann.清洁工

♦corporationn.公司

♦overallsn.工作服

♦showern.淋浴

♦secretn.秘密

♦statusn.地位

★manualadj.体力的

=physical

manualwork:体力工作

mentalwork:脑力工作

★collarn.衣领

white-collar:白领(domentalwork)

blue-collar:蓝领(domanualwork)

(get)hotunderthecollar:怒气冲天

★sacrificev.牺牲,献出

vt.togiveupforgoodpurpose

Eg:sacrificeone'slifeforthecountry

sacrificetime

n.

makemanysacrifices

★privilegen.好处

=advantage

特权(=specialright)

牺牲掉自己的好处：

sacrificeone'sadvantage/rivilege

特许某人做某事：

givesb.therivilegeofdoingsth.

privilegedadj.荣幸的

★overallsn.工作服

19

男工作服；overall女工作服

★secretn.秘密

adj.keepsecret:保密

lt*sbetweenyouandme.

HIkeepittomyself,

confidential:机密的

insecret:私下里

=secretly,inprivate,privately

Iwastoldaboutitinsecret.

inthesecret:知道内情

Hewasinthesecretfromthebeginning.

★statusn.地位

=socialposition

s-t-a-t-u-s

s-t-a-t-u-e:雕像,塑像

★corporationn.公司

★showern.淋浴

★dustmann.清洁工

[Text]

§Lesson4ThedoublelifeofAlfredBloggs阿尔弗雷德。布洛格斯的双重生活

听录音，然后回答以下问题。

WhydidAlfwantawhite-collarjob?

Thesedays,peoplewhodomanualworkoftenreceivefarmoremoneythanpeoplewhoworkinoffices.

Peoplewhoworkinofficesarefrequentlyreferredtoas'white-collarworkers'forthesimplereasonthat

theyusuallywearacollarandtietogotowork.Suchishumannature,thatagreatmanypeopleare

oftenwillingtosacrificehigherpayfortheprivilegeofbecomingwhite-collarworkers.Thiscangiverise

tocurioussituations,asitdidinthecaseofAlfredBloggswhoworkedasadustmanfortheEllesmere

Corporation.

Whenhegotmarried,Alfwastooembarrassedtosayanythingtohiswifeabouthisjob.Hesimply

toldherthatheworkedfortheCorporation.Everymorning,helefthomedressedinasmartblacksuit.

Hethenchangedin