大学英语六级改革适用(听力)模拟试卷238(题后含答案及解析)

大学英语六级改革适用（听力）模拟试卷238(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.Whatis“management”accordingtotheman?2.Whatdoesthefunctionoforganizingincludeaccordingtotheman?3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofconflicts?4.Whichstatementdoesthemansupport?1．A．Itisgettingthingsdonethroughotherpeople.B．Itishelpinganorganizationfindtherightstaff.C．Itisassemblingpeopleofdifferentabilities.D．Itiscommunicatingbetweencolleagues.正确答案：A解析：对话开头女士就请男士给management下定义，A是男士的话的同义表达，为答案。知识模块：听力2．A．Developingplanstoco-ordinateactivities.B．Selectingthecommunicationchannels.C．Determiningwhattaskstobedone.D．Correctingsignificantdeviations.正确答案：C解析：男士说到管理的组织功能时，说它意味着经理会决定要完成的任务、谁来完成任务、如何分组和谁向谁汇报，等等，C属于他讲到的第一点，故C正确。A属于管理的规划功能(planning)，B属于领导功能(leading)，D属于控制功能(controlling)。知识模块：听力3．A．Theyshouldbeavoidedbyallmeans.B．Theyarebadforeffectivemanagement.C．Theycanbegoodforanorganization.D．Theyaresurprisinglycomplicated.正确答案：C解析：提到conflict时，两人做了详细探讨，对于女士问的“Soyoumeanconflictscanbegoodforanorganization?”，男士的回答是yes，故C正确。知识模块：听力4．A．Delegationisatickettoforeigntrade.B．Managersshouldn’tmerelybea“doer”.C．Leadershipisabornability.D．Delegationisthemostimportantthinginmanagement.正确答案：B解析：男士在结尾处说，没有delegation的话，经理可能会成为doer，所以他不赞成这样做，即B正确。对话中对delegation一再提及并给出了一个定义，是一个需要格外重视的信息点。知识模块：听力听力原文：W:Interestedinthisbook?Thisisourbestsellerthisweek.M:Bestseller?Iamconsideringwhatnewideasitgivesabouthowtodealwiththeaggravatingpeople.W:Itaskspeopletoquitcomplaininganddosomething.Whatsurprisesmanypeopleaboutthisbookisitsuggeststhatthebestthingtodoistochangeyourselfbecauseyouarenotgoingtochangetheotherperson.M:Really?It’s“me”thathastochangeasopposedtotheotherperson?W:Well,haveyoueverchangedanybody?M:I’vetriedmanytimes.It’snotreallypossiblethough.W:That’sright.M:ButhowcanIdothat?W:Thebookishere.Bringitbackhomeandreaditandyoucanfindtheanswer.M:BeforeIpaymymoneyIshouldbeclearthatthisbookisusefulforme.Idon’twanttopayforitandthenfindIhavepaidfornothing.W:Thisbookisdefinitelyworththemoney.Thebookeventellsyouhowtodealwithdifferenttypesofworkers,co-workersandbosses,fromthemostcommonannoyingtypetotheworstkind.M:Givemethemostcommonannoyingtypeofco-worker.W:Themostcommonannoyingtypeofco-workersiscalled“boundary-busters”.So,it’ssomeonewhoinvadesyourspace,makestoomuchnoise,eatsupyourtimeorchewsyourearoff.Theyareboundary-busters.M:AndhowdoIdealwiththem?W:Again,sir,thebookishere.Bringitbackandreadfortheanswer.M:Itseemsyouknowalotaboutthisbook.CanIdrawtheconclusionthatyoufancyit?W:Well,frankly,Iamtheauthor.5.Whatdowelearnaboutthewoman?6.Whatissurprisingaboutthebookthewomanrecommends?7.Whatkindofpersonistheman?8.Whatisaboundary-buster?5．A．Manyofherbooksarebestsellers.B．Sheisashrewdbookstoreowner.C．Sheispromotingherbookinperson.D．Sheisasalespersonatthebookstore.正确答案：C解析：女士频频劝男士把书买回家好好读，最后说自己是作者，因此推断她在亲自推销自己的书，即C。知识模块：听力6．A．Ithasbeenthebestsellerforweeks.B．Itadvisespeopletochangethemselves.C．Itisbeingsoldataverylowprice.D．Itdistinguishescooperators.正确答案：B解析：选项描述的是某商品的特征，答案为明示信息，即B。A错在时间；C、D未提及。知识模块：听力7．A．Amancarefulwithmoney.B．Abook-lover.C．Anoisyreader.D．Atrouble-maker.正确答案：A解析：选项描述的是男士的特点，从他两次提及pay，可见花钱很谨慎，故A正确。B、D从原文内容无法推断；C利用与该书有关的原词noise干扰。知识模块：听力8．A．Someonewhoalwaystalksabouthimself.B．Themostviolenttypeofco-workers.C．Someonewhostabsyourback.D．Themostcommonannoyingtypeofpeople.正确答案：D解析：选项为某类人，对话中提到很多种人，但是详细定义的是被称作boundary-buster的，属于听到的明示信息。注意此题不要错误理解chewsyourearoff(实指絮絮叨叨)的字面意思而选B。知识模块：听力SectionB听力原文：LastsummerIwentthroughatrainingprogramandbecamealiteracyvolunteer.ThetrainingIreceived,thoughexcellent,didnottellmehowitwastoworkwitharealstudent.WhenIbegantodiscoverwhatotherpeople’sliveswerelikebecausetheycouldnotread,Irealizedthetrueimportanceofreading.MyfirststudentMariewasa44-year-oldsinglemotherofthree.Inthefirstlesson,Ifoundoutthatshewalkedtwomilestothenearestsupermarkettwiceaweekbecauseshedidn’tknowwhichbustotake.WhenItoldherIwouldgetherabusschedule,shetoldmeitwouldnothelpbecauseshecouldnotreadit.Shesaidshealsohaddifficultyonceshegottothesupermarketbecauseshecouldn’talwaysrememberwhatsheneeded.Sinceshedidnotknowwords,shecouldnotwriteoutashoppinglist.Also,shecouldonlyrecognizeitemsbysight,soiftheproducthadadifferentlabel,shewouldnotrecognizeitastheproductshewanted.Asweworkedtogether,learninghowtoreadbuiltMarie’sself-confidence,whichencouragedhertocontinueinherstudies.Shebegantomakerapidprogressandwasevenabletotakethebustothesupermarket.Attheendoftheprogram,shebeganhelpingheryoungestson,Tony,ashyfirstgrader,withhisreading.Asaliteracyvolunteer,Ilearnedagreatdealaboutteachingandhelpingothers.Infact,ImayhavelearnedmorefromtheexperiencethanMariedid.9.Whatdidthespeakerdolastsummer?10.HowdidMarieusetofindthegoodsshewantedinthesupermarket?11.HowwasMarie’sstudyduringthesummer?9．A．Heworkedinasupermarketfortuition.B．Hehelpedsomeonetolearntoread.C．Hegavesinglemothersthehelpthattheyneeded.D．Hewenttoatrainingprogramtohelpavolunteer.正确答案：B解析：推断题。录音开头提到，去年夏天我参加了一个培训课程，成为了一名扫盲志愿者。由此可以直接推知，speaker在暑期里教别人识字，故B正确。而且下文还有暗示：“我的第一位学生Marie．．．”，这可以让考生更加肯定B为正确答案。D为强干扰项，错在help一词上，应为become才正确，speaker是要成为一名扫盲志愿者而不是帮助一位志愿者。虽然录音中提到speaker的第一个学生是单亲妈妈，但并不表示他只帮助单亲妈妈，C属于过度推断，故不正确。知识模块：听力10．A．Sheknewwherethegoodswereinthesupermarket.B．Sheaskedotherstotakehertotherightplace.C．Shemanagedtofindthegoodsbytheirlooks.D．Sherememberedthenamesofthegoods.正确答案：C解析：细节题。录音提到，Marie需要靠视觉来识别商品。由此可知，C正确。D与文意相悖，因为Marie是文盲，她并不识字。知识模块：听力11．A．Mariebenefitedalotfromthepracticallessons.B．Mariewasabletoreadstorieswiththehelpofherson.C．Mariedecidedtocontinueherstudiesinschool.D．Mariefoundherlessonsmorechallengingthanherchildren’s.正确答案：A解析：推断题。speaker列举了Marie通过学习所取得的一系列收获，如：自信心增强；能乘坐公车去超市；甚至能帮助自己的儿子学习等，故A为正确答案。B、C的部分内容与录音原文不符，而且选项描述也比较片面、不完整，故均不正确。知识模块：听力听力原文：Inthepastindustrieshadmorefreedomthantheyhavenow,andtheydidnotneedtobeascarefulastheymusttoday.Theydidnotneedtoworryalotaboutthesafetyofthenewproductsthattheydeveloped.Theydidnothavetopaymuchattentiontothehealthandsafetyofthepeoplewhoworkedforthem.Oftennewproductsweredangerousforthepeoplewhousedthem;oftenconditionsintheworkplacehadverybadeffectsonthehealthoftheworkers.Ofcoursesometimestherewererealdisasterswhichattractedtheattentionofgovernmentandwhichshowedneedforchanges.Alsoscientistswhoweredoingresearchintothehealthoftheworkerssometimesproducedinformationwhichgovernmentscouldnotignore.Atsuchtimes,therewereinquiriesintothecausesofthedisasterortheproblems.Newsafetyruleswereoftenintroducedasaresultoftheseinquiries;however,thenewrulescametoolatetoprotectthepeoplewhohaddiedorbecomeseriouslyill.Todaymanygovernmentshavespecialdepartmentswhichprotectcustomersandworkers.IntheU.S.,forexample,thereisadepartmentwhichtestsnewairplanesandgiveswarningsaboutpossibleproblems.Italsomakestherulesthataircraftproducersmustfollow.Anotherdepartmentcontrolsthefoodsanddrugsthatcompaniessell.Athirddepartmentlooksattheplaceswherepeoplework,andthenreportsanycompaniesthatarebreakinglawswhichprotectthehealthandsafetyofworkers.12.Comparedwithtoday’sindustries,whatweretheindustriesinthepastlike?13.Whatdidthegovernmentdoyearsago?14.WhatdoesthepassagesayaboutindustriesintheU.S.today?15.Whatisthespeakermainlytalkingabout?12．A．Theywerecontrolledlessstrictlybytheauthorities.B．Theytreatedtheirworkersmorehumanely.C．Theycompletelyignoredconsumers’health.D．Theyturnedoutmoreunhealthyproductsatwill.正确答案：A解析：细节题。短文首句就提到，在过去，工业生产的自由度比现在大，不必像现在这样小心行事，A为正确答案。A只是对录音原文换了一种说法而已，符合“同义替换”的解题原则。本题反映了比较级常为考点这个命题规律。B、C与原文相悖。知识模块：听力13．A．Paidmuchattentiontotheresultsofscientificdiscoveries.B．Seldomintroducedsafetylawsbeforedisastersoccurred.C．Hardlyeverlookedintothecausesoftragedies.D．Imposedsafetyrulesassoonasaccidentstookplace.正确答案：B解析：推断题。短文提到，然而这些新的制度来得太迟了，无法保护那些已经死亡或病重的人了。由此可推断，rules多在事发后才出台，故B正确。知识模块：听力14．A．Therearealtogetherthreedepartmentswhichprotectcustomersandworkers.B．Acompanywithpoorordangerousworkingconditionsislikelytobepunished.C．Storesdealinginfoodsanddrugsarecontrolledbythelocalgovernment.D．Theprotectionofworkers’healthandsafetyisstillnotwellensured.正确答案：B解析：推断题。短文末尾提到，另一个部门着眼于人们工作的地方，并会将那些违反工人健康安全法规的公司上报。由此可推断，B为正确答案。录音结尾处往往是考点所在。录音中举了3个例子，但这并不表明只有3个部门保护消费者及劳动者，故A错误；C与原文不符；D与原文相悖。知识模块：听力15．A．Industriesinthepastandatpresent.B．Changesinthedevelopmentofindustries.C．Theprotectionofindustrialworkersandcustomers.D．Thefreedomofindustriestodayandinthepast.正确答案：C解析：主旨题。短文通过对工业生产的过去和现状的比较，着重论述了关于保护消费者和工人的不同状况：过去很糟糕，现在改善了很多，故C正确。解答主旨题要从宏观角度去理解，抓住主题句和脉络。通过录音反复出现的safety、health、rules、workplace、protect、customers、workers等关键词，不难推断出C正确。A、B、D在录音中都有提及，但它们只是某些细节而已，并不是短文的主要话题。知识模块：听力SectionC听力原文：Youareinvitedtoalargeparty.Loudmusicisplaying,andlotsofpeoplearedancing.Groupsofpeopleareminglingwitheachother,makingsmalltalkaboutmanydifferenttopics.Whichofthesepeoplesoundmostlikeyou?PersonA,whotriestotalktoeveryoneandstayslate,orPersonB,whopreferstotalktoonlyafewpeopleandleavesearly?IfyousaidPersonA,youareprobablymoreextroverted.IfyousaidPersonB,youareprobablymoreintroverted.OrperhapsyouarePersonCandfallsomewhereinthemiddle.Introvertandextrovertaretwocommonlyusedwordstodescribeaperson’spersonality.Andtheyarealsocommonlymisusedandmisunderstood.Introvertsmaybeviewedasquiet,shyandtimid.Theymaybecalled“wallflowers,”meaningtheyaresoquiettheyblendinwithflowersonthewallpaper.Extrovertsmaybeviewedasbold,confident,loudandfullofenergy.Theyareoftencalled“alpha,”meaningaleaderofthegroup.Introvertedandextrovertedpeoplemayfitthosedescriptions.Butthesesamedescriptionsdonotdefineintroversionandextroversionproperly.Introvertsandextrovertsusetheirbrainsdifferently,andtheygettheirenergydifferently.Introversionisthestateofbeingmostlyconcernedwithone’sownmentallife.Extroversionistheopposite.Extroversionisthestateofbeingmostlyconcernedwithwhatisoutsideoneself.Peoplewhoconsiderthemselvesintrovertsmaysaytheyneedtobealoneto“chargetheirbatteries”orthatbeinginlargecrowdsmakesthemtired.However,introvertsmaystilllovebeingsocialandgoingtoparties.Butsuchactivitiesrequiretimetoprepareandtimetorepair.Extrovertsmaysay,“Idon’tneed‘alonetime.’Ifeelmorerelaxedbeingaroundotherpeople.”Evenso,extrovertscanstillfeelunsureornotconfidentamongotherpeople.SusanCainistheauthorofQuiet:ThePowerofIntroverts.InanarticlepublishedinPsychologyToday,sheexplainsthatshynessisoftenconsideredasynonymofintroversion.Itisnot.Shynessishavingafearofbeingjudgedpoorlybyothers.Introvertsjustpreferbeinginquietenvironments.Forexample,BillGates,theinventorofMicrosoft,isquietandbookish,shewrites.ButGatesdoesnotcareabouttheopinionsotherpeoplemayhaveofhim.Heisanintrovert,writesCain,butheisnotshy.ThefamoussingerandactorBarbraStreisandhasanoutgoing,larger-than-lifepersonality.ButBarbraStreisand,Cainwrites,alsohasaparalyzingcaseofstagefright.Thisisacommonlyusedfixedexpression.Performerswhosufferfromstagefrightcanquiteliterallybefrozenorparalyzedonstage.CainconsidersBabaraStreisandashyextrovert.16.Whatkindofbehaviorisconsideredmoreintroverted?17.Whatisourimpressionofextrovertedpeople?18.Whatdowelearnaboutpeoplewhoconsiderthemselvesintroverts?19.Whatkindofbehaviorcanbeconsidered“shy”?16．A．Makingsmalltalkswithmanypeople.B．Stayingtillverylateinalargeparty.C．Talkingtoonlyasmallgroupofpeople.D．Havingconversationsondifferenttopics.正确答案：C解析：四个选项均为动名词短语，推测问题应与某种做法或行为有关。本题问哪种行为会被认为是更为内向的。录音开头描述了一个聚会情景，指出如果一个人只和很少人说话并且早早离开，他可能相对内向。因此C项“只和很少人说话”是正确答案。A项“和很多人搭讪”、B项“在大型聚会待到很晚才走”、D项“聊不同的话题”都属于外向的行为表现。知识模块：听力17．A．Quietandconfident.B．Boldandloud.C．Shyandenergetic.D．Trickyandtimid.正确答案：B解析：选项均为描述人的个性特征的形容词词组，问题可能与某人的性格特点有关。题目问我们对外向的人有什么印象，录音中指出外向的人给人的印象可能是“大胆”“自信”“大嗓门”和“充满活力”，B中的bold“大胆”和loud“大嗓门”均为录音原词，故本题选B项。根据录音，A项中的Quiet“安静”、C项中的Shy“害羞”和D项中的timid“胆小的”都是内向的人可能留下的印象，所以这三项均可排除。知识模块：听力18．A．Theyarealwaysalonebythemselves.B．Theyaretiredofchargingtheirbatteries.C．Theydonotlikesocializingwithpeople.D．Theyneedtimetoprepareforsocialactivities.正确答案：D解析：选项都是以They为主语的陈述句，根据选项的内容，推测问题可能与某一类人的特点相关。题目问自认为内向的人的情况。录音中部的转折处(However)提到，内向之人仍然是喜欢社交活动的，只是这些活动需要时间去准备，D项“他们需要时间去为社交活动做准备”为该处录音内容的同义转述，故为答案；同时也可排除C项“他们不喜欢社交”。录音中提到他们可能会说需要独处为自己充电，但并不等同于他们总是自己一个人，故A项错。录音还提到他们可能会说和一大群人一起很累(tired)，而非B项所说的“对为自己充电感到厌倦”。知识模块：听力19．A．Beingquietandbookish.B．Sufferingfromstagefright.C．Ignoringpeople’sjudgment.D．Havinganoutgoingpersonality.正确答案：C解析：选项都是动名词短语，推测问题可能与行为有关。录音接近末尾处通过BarbraStreisand怯场(stagefright)的例子说明开朗外向的人也可以是一个害羞的人，所以怯场是害羞的表现，故C项为正确答案。录音靠后部分提到BillGates和BarbraStreisand的例子，说明害羞不等同于内向。BillGates虽然是个安静的、喜欢看书的内向之人，但他并不害羞，故排除A项。录音中对害羞的定义是“一种对于别人消极评价的恐惧”，恐惧并不等同于忽视，故B项所说的“忽视别人的评价”不是害羞的表现。BarbraStreisand是个开朗热情的人，但这与“害羞”并无必然联系，故D项不选。知识模块：听力听力原文：Manypeopleallovertheworldenjoyanalcoholicdrinkduringdinner.Manypeopleraiseaglassofalcoholtocelebrateaweddingorabirthday.Andhavingdrinksafterworkwithfriendsandco-workersiscalled“happyhour.”Allthesesituationsareconsidered“socialdrinking”becausetheyhappenatsocialevents.Butwhendoes“socialdrinking”becomeproblemdrinking?AccordingtotheWorldHealthOrganization,alcoholabusekills3.3millionpeopleeachyear.Thatissixpercentofalldeathsaroundtheworld.Andinanewreportonalcoholusearoundtheworld,theWHOsaysalcoholcancreatedependency,oraddiction,insomepeople.Thereportalsowarnsthatalcoholusecanincreasetheriskofdevelopingmorethan200diseases,includingsomekindsofcancers.And,theWHOsaysalcoholabusecanputpeopleatgreaterriskofinfectiousdiseases.WHOMentalHealthandSubstanceAbuseDirectorShekharSaxenasaystheorganizationisconcernedaboutdrinkingamongyoungpeoplebetweentheagesof15and19.Anditismostconcernedabout“binge-drinking,”oranextendedperiodofheavydrinking.Thereportconcludesthatworldwide16percentofdrinkersovertheageof15engageinbinge-drinking,whichismuchmoreharmfulthanotherkindofdrinking.Thereportwarnsthatmorewomenaredrinkingalcohol.And,thereportsayswomenareatgreaterriskthanmenforsomealcohol-relatedhealthconditions.ThereportalsofindsEuropeistheareawiththehighestalcoholuse.CentralandEasternEuropeareespeciallyhigh.TheWHOsayspeopleinRussia,Ukraine,andsomeneighboringcountriesdrinkalotofalcoholandbingedrink.VladimirPoznyakistheWHOManagementofSubstanceAbuseCoordinator.HesayslessalcoholisusedinAfricathaninEurope.But,headds,thehealtheffectsareworseinAfricabecauseofalackofsocialsupportsystems,suchasaccesstohealthcare.TheWorldHealthOrganizationsuggestswayscountriescanprotectpeoplefromalcoholabuse.Theseincludeincreasingtaxesonalcoholsales,raisingthedrinkingagelimit,andcontrollingthemarketingofalcoholicbeverages.20.Whatis“happyhour”?21.Whatdowelearnaboutalcoholusefromthetalk?22.WhatdoesWHOsuggestoncontrollingalcoholuse?20．A．Drinkingduringdinnertime.B．Drinkingtocelebrateweddings.C．Drinkingatsomeone’sbirthday.D．Drinkingwithfriendsafterwork.正确答案：D解析：选项讲的都是drinking，并且有各种场合的描写，推测问题可能与喝酒的场合有关。录音中说下班后与朋友、同事喝一杯，就叫做“快乐时光”，故D项为正确答案。A项“吃饭时饮酒”、B项“婚庆饮酒”、C项“饮酒庆生”都是社交饮酒的例子，不是对“快乐时光”的解释，故均可排除。知识模块：听力21．A．Alcoholusewillcausediseases.B．Womendrinkmorethanmen.C．Europehasthehighestalcoholuse.D．Alcoholisaddictivetoeveryone.正确答案：C解析：录音中后部分说到，报告指出欧洲是饮酒率最高的地区(Europeistheareawiththehighestalcoholuse)，C项是对该处信息的同义表达，故为正确答案。录音靠前部分虽然提到饮酒能增加患某些疾病的风险，但并未说饮酒会直接致病，故A项错。录音中提到喝酒的女性人数逐渐增加(morewomenaredrinkingalcohol)，但并不是B项所说的“女人比男人喝得多”。录音中指出对于一些人来说(insomepeople)喝酒会上瘾，但并非D项所说的“每个人”。知识模块：听力22．A．Protectingpeoplefromalcoholabuse.B．Increasingtaxonalcoholproduction.C．Raisingthelegalagefordrinking.D．Forbiddingalcoholicdrinksmarketing.正确答案：C解析：选项均为动名词短语，推测问题可能与行为或做法有关。题目问WHO就如何控制饮酒给出了什么建议。录音末尾处提到WHO给出了几条控酒建议，其中包括“提高饮酒的年龄限制”，C项“提高饮酒的法定年龄”即为该处录音信息的同义表达，故选C项。A项“保护人们免受酒精滥用之害”其实是对题目问题的同义转述，并不是具体的建议。录音中提到要提高对酒精销售所征的税，而不是提高对酒精生产的征税，B项与录音信息不符。WHO提的最后一点建议是要“控制”(controlling)含酒精饮料的销售，D项错在“禁止”(Forbidding)。知识模块：听力听力原文：SouthAfricaistherichestcountryinAfrica;itisalsooneofthemostmodernandtechnologicallyadvanced.Ithassomeofthebestrail,roadandcommunicationsystemsinAfrica.Yetmorethantwo-thirdsofSouthAfricanadultshaveneverusedtheInternet.TheSouthAfricanNetworkSocietyrecentlyreportedthatonly34%ofSouthAfricanadultsusetheInternet.Thatisabout12millionpeople.Three-quartersofthecountry’sInternetusersliveincities.MostofthemusecellphonestogetontheInternet.TherestgotoInternetcafesorusetheInternetatschoolorwork.IndradeLanerolleiswiththeSouthAfricanNetworkSociety.HesaystherearemanyreasonswhysofewSouthAfricansusetheInternet.Costisoneofthem.“WedohaveexpensivecostsandcostisabiglimitationtoInternetuse.ItstopssomepeoplefromusingtheInternetatall,andtheotherthingisitstopspeoplefromusingitverymuch.Sounlesswecandomuchbetterthan1in3connected,increasinglythat’sgoingtobearealdisadvantageforthecountry.”PoorInternetconnectivityinruralSouthAfricaandthehighpricesofInternet-readymobilephoneshavealsokeptthepoordisconnected.MostschoolsandworkplacesinruralSouthAfrica,wherethemajorityofthecountry’speoplelive,havenoInternetconnection.AndmanyareasofthecountrydonothaveInternetcafes.SamGinalivesinJohannesburg;hehasneverbeenontheInternet.“AthomeIdon’thaveit.Laptopistooexpensiveforme.NowIamusingaphonethatdoesn’thaveInternet.”WilsonAyongisaCamerooniancitizenwhoo