专题二需要变形的名词、数词、形容词和副词

专题二需要变形的名词、数词、形容词和副词大一轮复习讲义STEP1考点分类突破STEP2考点分层演练STEP3语法链接写作内容索引/NEIRONGSUOYINSTEPONE考点分类突破考点一名词考点二数词考点三形容词和副词考点一名词MrSmithisverybusybecauseherunsseveralcompanies①.Heworkssevendays①aweekand12months②ayear.Inhissparetimehelikeswatchingfootballmatches③.Helikeseatingtomatoes④buthedoesn’teatvegetableswithleaves⑤.Hehastwopethorses⑥andheoftenridesthemwithhisfriendsonMrBlack’sfarm⑦becausehethinksthesceneryofthefarm⑧isverybeautiful.一、可数名词导入微小说1.可数名词变复数①以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词，变-y为-i加-es；以元音字母加-y结尾的名词，加-s。②以-th结尾的名词加-s。③以-s，-x，-ch，-sh结尾的名词后加-es(如果词尾-ch发音为/k/，要加-s，如stomach)。④以-o结尾加-es的单词有：英雄(heroes)吃土豆(potatoes)番茄(tomatoes)，其他多直接加-s。⑤以-f或-fe结尾的词，多变-f或-fe为-v，再加-es。但也有直接加-s的单词，如：屋顶(roof)上的首领(chief)有信仰(belief)。⑥更多的可数名词是直接加-s。2.名词作定语往往是说明其中名词的材料、用途、时间、地点、内容、类别等。多为单数名词作定语，但woman，man作定语时，要用复数形式表达复数概念。3.名词的所有格⑦有生命名词，不以-s结尾的名词加-’s；以-s结尾的单数名词和复数名词都加-’。⑧无生命名词，通常用of所有格表示。⑨双重所有格的构成形式为：“名词＋of＋名词所有格”或者“名词＋of＋名词性物主代词”。1.不规则变化的名词复数(1)通过内部元音变化构成复数。如：foot—feet脚goose—geese鹅tooth—teeth牙齿

mouse—mice老鼠man—men男人

woman—women女人(2)有些名词的单复数形式相同。如：sheep—sheep绵羊deer—deer鹿Chinese—Chinese中国人Japanese—Japanese日本人means—means方法series—series系列species—species物种精析重难点(3)有的名词在词尾加-ren或-en构成复数。如：child—children孩子ox—oxen公牛(4)由man，woman构成的复合名词在变成复数时，与man，woman的变化形式相同。如：gentleman—gentlemen先生Englishman—Englishmen英国男子policeman—policemen男警察chairwoman—chairwomen女主席businessman—businessmen商人craftsman—craftsmen工匠，手艺人注意：German的复数形式为Germans。(5)外来词的不规则复数形式。如：analysis—analyses分析basis—bases基础crisis—crises危机thesis—theses论文medium—media媒介物phenomenon—phenomena现象2.复合名词的单复数变化(1)中间没有连字符也没有间隔的复合名词将最后一个词变成复数形式。birthday—birthdays生日blackboard—blackboards黑板bookshelf—bookshelves书架gentleman—gentlemen绅士(2)中间有连字符或间隔的复合词将其中主要的词变成复数形式。如：bookworm—bookworms

son-in-law—sons-in-law

looker-on—lookers-onpasser-by—passers-bystory-teller—story-tellers(3)无主体名词时通常在最后一个词后加复数词尾。如：grown-up—grown-ups

standby—standbys3.名词所有格的特殊形式(1)并列的名词变所有格时，若表示不同的所有关系，则分别在两个名词后加-’s；如果表示共有关系，则只在最后一个名词后加-’s。如：KateandMary’sroom凯特和玛丽共有的房间Kate’sandMary’srooms凯特和玛丽各自的房间(2)表示店铺或某人的家时，名词所有格之后的shop，house，home等常省去。如：atthedoctor’s(office)在(医生的)诊所里atthebarber’s(shop)在理发店atMrGreen’s(house)在格林先生家点对点练习单句语法填空1.Theteamwhowonthethreeworld

(championship)wouldalwaysgetthiscup.2.Duringthefestival，whichlaststhreeorfourdays，peoplearedressedintheirbestclothesandparticipateinavarietyofrichandcolourful_______(activity).3.Thebestsolutionmightbetofindthe

(weakness)intheideaandtotryandstrengthenthem，ratherthanusethemsimplyasanexcuseforrejectingthewholeidea.championshipsactivitiesweaknesses4.Timmisandhisteamsetouttoseektheeffectsofphoneuseon_______

(passer-by).5.WeusuallyexpectHollywood

(hero)toshowuponourscreensanddefeatthebadguys.6.Hegoestothe

(barber)tohavehishaircuteverymonth.passers-byheroesbarber’s单句改错7.Duetosomerichtouristattraction，everyyearmanyvisitorscometomyhometown，wheretheycannotonlyappreciatethebeautifulscenery，butalsoenjoythedeliciousfood.8.JaneandMary’shousesarebothalongwayfromhere.attractionsJane’sTolearnmoreknowledge①，Ihavetodolotsofhomework①everydayandhavenotime①tohavefun②ordohousework①.LastweekwehadanexambutIdidn’tperformwell.However，myteachersaidthatIhadmadegreatprogress②.Sothisexamisnota

failure③.Onthecontrary，itisa

success③inaway.二、不可数名词导入微小说①不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词连用。②fun，weather，progress，advice，information为永久性不可数名词，前面不能加不定冠词，也不能具体化。③抽象名词具体化：•表示情感情绪的抽象名词强调具体的人或事的时候，可以在前面加不定冠词，如asurprise，acomfort等。•表示“一……”的概念时，常与动词构成词组，名词前常常有形容词。如haveagoodtime，haveagoodknowledge/commandof等。不可以用数目计算，多为物质名词或抽象名词，没有复数形式，常见的不可数名词有：精析重难点fun乐趣homework作业bread面包wealth财富progress进步equipment设备room空间weather天气work工作music音乐news新闻meat肉word消息traffic交通luck运气housework家务milk牛奶advice建议man人类orange橙汁knowledge知识furniture家具baggage/luggage行李information信息点对点练习单句改错1.Whatafunitistohaveaget-togetherinsuchaplace!2.Oh，John，whatpleasantsurpriseyougaveus!3.HegaveussomeadvicesonhowtostudyEnglish.4.Hefeltthatheneededmoreknowledgesaboutimportandexport.5.Ineedaworktosupportmyself，forIcan’talwaysdependonmyparents.∧aadviceknowledge单句语法填空解题策略对接高考技法指导1.ChineseNewYearisa

(celebrate)markingtheendofthewinterseasonandthebeginningofspring.(2020·全国Ⅱ)celebration解析考查名词。句意为：中国新年是一个标志着冬天结束和春天开始的庆典。不定冠词a后接名词形式。故填celebration。123452.Historical

(accurate)isimportantbutsoisentertainment.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)12345accuracy解析考查名词。句意为：历史的准确性很重要，但娱乐也很重要。此处作主语，位于形容词Historical之后，应使用名词，意为“历史的准确性”。故填accuracy。3.Later，theylearnedtoworkwiththe

(season)，plantingattherighttimeand，indryareas，makinguseofannualfloodstoirrigate(灌溉)theirfields.(2020·浙江)12345seasons解析考查名词复数。句意为：后来，他们学会了顺应季节，在适当的时间播种，在干旱地区，利用每年的洪水来灌溉农田。分析句子可知，提示词的词性为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填seasons。4.OtherAmericanstudiesshowedno

(connect)betweenuniformsandschoolperformance.(2019·浙江)12345connection/connections解析考查名词。句意为：其他的美国研究表明校服和学校表现之间没有联系。根据no可知，要用connect的名词形式，connection表示“联系，关联”，为可数名词，故填connection/connections。单句改错5.NextIbroketheeggsintoabowlandbeatthemquicklywithchopstick.(2020·全国Ⅰ)12345答案chopstick→chopsticks解析考查名词复数。句意为：下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”，一般用复数形式，故将chopstick改为chopsticks。1.根据所处位置判断是否填入名词形式。如谓语动词之前、介词之后、形容词之后、冠词或数词之后。2.单数可数名词不能单独使用，要与冠词、指示代词、不定代词等连用，否则就用复数形式表示复数含义。3.注意固定短语中名词的单复数。4.注意名词应该与其修饰语保持数的一致。5.不可数名词没有复数形式，不能与不定冠词连用。技法指导返回考点二数词MisterSmithis60①yearsoldandyesterdaywashis60th②birthday.Hestillremembersinthe1990s③whenhewasinhisthirties③，hedrankdozensof④bottlesofbeeraday.However，hespentthousandsof④dollarsinhospital.Later，twofifths⑤ofhissparetimewasspentintakingexercise.微小说导入①数词的基本形式为基数词。②表示数词的顺序往往用序数词。大部分是在基数词的基础上加-th。以-y结尾的基数词变序数词，把-y变成-ie＋-th。③“inthe＋逢十的基数词的复数”表示“在某个世纪几十年代”。“inone’s＋逢十的基数词的复数”表示“在某人几十多岁时”。④具体数字＋dozen/score/hundred/thousand/million等词时，后面直接加名词复数；表示笼统数目时，用dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millionsof＋名词复数。⑤分数表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于1时，分母序数词加-s，如1/3：onethird，2/3：twothirds。1.易错基数词thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十ninety九十2.易错序数词first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五eighth第八ninth第九eleventh第十一twelfth第十二精析重难点点对点练习单句语法填空1.Petergotamodelshipfromhisuncleonhis

(thirteen)birthday.2.Two

(three)ofthestudentsinourclasshavebeentoDisneylandsomewhere.3.Linda，therearetoomanymistakesinthe

(nine)lineofyourpassage.4.Hemadequiteafewfriendsduringhis

(twenty).5.Itisreportedthattheearthquakehasleft

(thousand)ofpeoplehomeless.thirteenththirdsninthtwentiesthousands单句语法填空1.Theplumtreesare

firsttoflowerevenasthesnowismelting(融化).Theyrepresentthepromiseofspringandarenewaloflife.(2020·全国Ⅱ)解题策略对接高考技法指导the解析考查序数的具体使用。第一应该用序数词，用在句中其前要有定冠词the。122.Hediditone

(three)thetimeittookme.(北京高考)12third解析考查分数的表达。分子用基数词，分母用序数词。分子大于1时，分母序数词加-s。此处分子为1，所以用序数词的单数形式，故填third。1.需要使用数词时，要先看清是使用该词的基数词形式还是序数词形式。2.使用序数词时，注意前面要有定冠词the。3.注意固定用法中的数词的使用及与冠词、介词的搭配，如inthe1820s，inhis30s，thousandsof等。技法指导返回考点三形容词和副词Iboughtaninteresting①novelyesterday.Thebookissointeresting②thatIcanhardlyletgoofit.Worried③aboutmystudy，mymothertookitaway.However，Ifoundmymotherabsorbed④init.一、形容词和副词的基本用法导入微小说①修饰名词，往往用形容词作定语。②在系动词之后，往往用形容词作表语。③表示情绪和精神状态的形容词可以作状语。④在感官类或使役动词＋宾语之后，形容词可以作宾补，说明宾语的状态。Mymotherisreadingthenovelattentively①nowandsheisquite①movedbyit.Obviously②，shewon’treturnthebooktomesoon.①副词可以描述某个动作的情况或者描述动作、行为或状态的程度。②副词可以放在句首，作评论性状语，修饰整个句子。1.名词、动词变形容词精析重难点名词、动词变形容词-able，-al，-ful，-ed，-ing-ible，-ive，-ous，-some-y，-ern，-ish，-ic—

——

—2.形容词变副词形容词不同词尾变副词加(-ly)的口诀：(一般直接加)

clear→clearly清楚地great→greatly很，大大地(元e去e加)

true→truly真实地(辅y变i加)

happy→happily高兴地heavy→heavily沉重地(-le尾e变y)

terrible→terribly可怕地gentle→gently轻轻地(-ll尾只加y)

full→fully完全地dull→dully迟钝地(-ic加ally)

basic→basically主要地scientific→scientifically合乎科学地3.-ed形容词修饰物的用法-ed形容词通常用于说明人的感受，常译为“感到……的”，强调人自身的情感波动；修饰事物时，则多修饰smile(微笑)，feeling(感觉)，cry(叫声)，face(表情)，voice(声音)，look(表情)，eye(眼神)，expression(表情)等表示某人情感状况的名词。Hehadapleasedsmileonhisface.他脸上露出了满意的微笑。Hetoldmethenewsinaveryexcitedvoice.他以非常激动的声音告诉了我这个消息。4.同根副词加-ly和不加-ly有些副词不加-ly与其形容词表达的含义是一样的，而加了-ly之后的副词，其词义往往发生改变，具有抽象意义，表示程度。close靠近地closely密切地，仔细地hard努力地hardly几乎不late晚，迟lately最近，不久前most最，极其mostly通常，主要地wide指距离宽widely广泛地deep指具体深度deeply深深地，非常，强烈地high指具体高度highly高度地，非常点对点练习单句语法填空1.Theoldpeoplethereweretalkativeandtheytoldustheir____________(person)storiescheerfully.2.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop，andsomeofthemlookedveryanxiousand

(disappoint).3.I’llneverforgetthe

(amaze)tripIhadinBeijing，ChinaandIhopetogotherenexttimewithmyfriends.4.Hespentsevendaysinthewindandsnow，coldand

(hunger).personaldisappointedamazinghungry5.IfoundlifeintheUKquite

(differ)fromthatinChina.6.Thetitlewillbe

(official)giventomeataceremonyinLondon.7.

(lucky)，healsohadacowwhichproducedmilkeveryday.8.Iam

(terrible)sorrythatIcan’tgotothebookstorewithyouattheappointedtime.differentofficiallyLuckilyterribly单句改错9.Surroundedbyacrowdofpeople，Igotanxiouslyanddesperatelywantedthistobeover.10.Somestudentsaresoworriedabouttheexamthattheycan’tfallsleepatnight.11.Itisveryimportanceforstudentstogetagooddictionary.anxiousasleepimportant12.Ihavebeenworkingasareporterforourschoolnewspapersincelastyear，whichIthinkwillcertainhelpmedothejobbetter.certainlyInmyfamily，mymotheristhethinnest①.Myfatherismuchtaller②thanherandme，butheistwiceasheavyas③mymother，andbecomingfatterandfatter④.Heisquiteworriedbecausethefatter⑤heis，themorelikely⑤heistobeill.二、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级导入微小说①形容词和副词变比较级或最高级，一般直接加-er或-est，以e结尾直接加-r或-est；一元一辅结尾注意双写结尾辅音，多音节词前面加more或themost。两者或两部分之间比较，多用比较级；三者或三者以上的比较，可以使用最高级。②比较级常常和than连用，并且可以被much，alittle，abit，even，far，still等词修饰。③倍数表达法：•A＋谓语＋倍数＋adj./adv.比较级＋than＋B•A＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋adj./adv.原级(＋名词)＋as＋B•A＋谓语＋倍数＋the＋名词(size，length，height，weight等)＋of＋B④“adj./adv.比较级＋and＋adj./adv.比较级”表示“越来越……”。⑤“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”表示“越……，就越……”。1.有少数几个双音节形容词，既可以加-er和-est，又可以加more和most构成比较级和最高级。这些双音节词是：common，handsome，quiet，pleasant，cruel，stupid，tired和以-ow，-er结尾的词。2.有些形容词没有程度可分或形容词本身就表示某种程度，因此没有比较级和最高级。这类形容词有：right(正确的)，wrong(错误的)，excellent(优秀的)，possible(可能的)，empty(空的)，first(第一的)，wooden(木制的)，final(最后的)，east(东方的)，last(最后的)等。精析重难点3.有些形容词和副词变比较级或最高级时为不规则变化，需牢记。good/well—better—best

bad/ill—worse—worst

many/much—more—mostlittle—less—least

old—older/elder—oldest/eldestfar—farther—farthest(指具体空间上)

far—further—furthest(指抽象程度上)4.以“辅音字母＋y”结尾的词，先把y变为i再加-er和-est。easy—easier—easiest

happy—happier—happiest

early—earlier—earliest5.“否定词语＋比较级”也可表示最高级含义。Nomanisbetterthanyouintheworld.人世间没有人比你好。Ihaven’treadamoreinterestingnovel.这是我读过的最有趣的小说了。点对点练习单句语法填空1.The

(much)wedoforthoseinneed，thehappierwe’llbe.2.Roadsafetyhasaroused

(wide)attentionofthepublicthanbefore.3.Duringtheendofthe19thcenturyandthebeginningof20thcentury，BeijingOperafinallyformedandbecamethe

(big)ofalloperasinChina.4.MrGreenisn’tasstrictateacher

MrWhite.5.Ihavenevermeta

(kind)teacherthanMrsSmithbefore.morewiderbiggestaskinder6.Theelectronicwastestreamisincreasingthreetimes

(fast)thantraditionalgarbageasawhole.7.Thisrestaurantwasn’thalfas

(good)asthatonewewentto.8.Whenyoustudythelocalmap，you’llfindthistownistwice

sizeofthatone.fastergoodthe单句改错9.Ihaveseldomseenmymotherverypleasedwithmyprogressassheisnow.10.Forthem，enthusiasmisalotofmoreimportantthantalent.11.Aftertwoyears’research，wenowhaveaverybetterunderstandingofthedisease.as/sofar/much/even单句语法填空1.Thefarsideofthemoonisofparticularinteresttoscientistsbecauseithasalotofdeepcraters(环形山)，moreso

thefamiliarnearside.(2020·全国Ⅰ)解题策略对接高考技法指导than解析考查介词。根据空前的比较级more可知，此处是将thefarsideofthemoon和thefamiliarnearside进行比较。故填than。123452.Onedaytheemperorwantedtogethisportrait(画像)donesohecalledallgreatartiststocomeandpresenttheir

(fine)work，sothathecouldchoosethebest.(2020·全国Ⅲ)finest解析考查最高级。结合句意及后文的choosethebest可知，此处应用形容词最高级。故填finest。123453.Inthe18thand19thcenturies，

(wealth)peopletravelledandcollectedplants，historicalobjectsandworksofart.(2020·新高考全国Ⅰ)wealthy解析考查形容词。此处修饰名词people，应使用形容词作定语。故填wealthy。123454.Asthesmallboatmoved

(gentle)alongtheriverhewasleftspeechlessbythemountainsbeingsilentlyreflectedinthewater.(2020·全国Ⅲ)gently解析考查副词。此处修饰动词moved，应用副词gently作状语，表示“缓缓地”。故填gently。123455.It’snevertooearlytomakenecessarypreparationsforahealthyand

(meaning)collegeexperience.(2019·北京)meaningful解析考查形容词。这里与前面的healthy并列，修饰后面的名词collegeexperience，故此处也要用形容词。故填meaningful。123451.看到与than连用，要想到用比较级；看到比较级，要想到than。2.看到语境中暗含的比较含义，要想到用比较级(二者之间)或最高级(三者及以上)。3.在句子中如果是作定语、表语、宾补或表示心理状态的状语，则用形容词。4.如果修饰整个句子、动词或形容词，则用副词。5.看到and，but，or等连词前或后用的比较等级形式，要想到用比较等级。技法指导返回STEPTWO考点分层演练层级一基础达标练层级二高考真题练层级三语篇提能练层级一基础达标练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.LastOctober，whiletendinghergardeninMora，Sweden，LenaPahlssonpulledoutahandfulofsmall

(carrot)andwasabouttothrowthemaway.carrots解析考查名词的单复数。根据上文的“ahandfulof”可知，此处表示一把小胡萝卜，所以应用carrot的复数形式。1234567891011121314152.Then，handlethemostimportanttasksfirstsoyou’llfeelarealsenseof

(achieve).123456789101112131415achievement解析考查词性转换。介词后接名词，arealsenseofachievement意为“一种真实的成就感”。3.—Whynotbuyasecond-handcarfirstifyoudon’thaveenoughmoneyforanewone?—That’sagood

(suggest).123456789101112131415解析考查词性转换。根据句意可知，此处用提示词suggest的名词形式，由空前的a可知，用单数形式。故填suggestion。suggestion4.Althoughheresearchescloning，his

(intend)hasneverbeentocreatecopiesofhumans.123456789101112131415intention解析考查词性转换。形容词性物主代词his后接名词，intentionn.目的，打算。因后面的谓语为单数形式，故此处应填名词的单数形式。5.Comingtoanothercountrytostudyrequiresabig

(adjust)andittakesawhiletofitin.123456789101112131415adjustment解析考查词性转换。requires后面要跟名词作宾语，所以要填adjust的名词形式，再由空前的a可知，用单数形式。故填adjustment。6.Intheearly

(fifty)，researchersfoundthatpeoplescoredhigheronintelligencetestsiftheyspokemorethanonelanguage.123456789101112131415fifties解析考查基数词。表示“在五十年代早期”用“inthe＋整十的基数词的复数”，故填fifties。7.Sheisthe

(twelve)tutor，whohascometolookafterhischildrensincetheirmotherdied.123456789101112131415twelfth解析考查序数词。数词前面有the，应该用其序数词形式。故填twelfth。8.Theoldmangoestotheparkevery

(three)day，joggingwithhisfellows.123456789101112131415third解析考查序数词。“every＋序数词＋day/month/year”表示“每几天/月/年”。故填third。9.Butthesuccessfultestdrillingforfireicedoesnotmeanitcanbeextractedfor

(industry)use.123456789101112131415industrial解析考查形容词。根据空前的介词for和空后的名词use可知，空处应填形容词来修饰名词。注意industry变形容词时，要变y为i，再加-al。10.Haveyoueverbeen

(embarrass)becauseofforgettingsomethingimportant?123456789101112131415embarrassed解析考查形容词。根据语境可知，空处所填词修饰人，表示“窘迫的，尴尬的”，故应用-ed形式的形容词。11.The

thestudentslearnabouttheuniversity，theeasieritwillbeforthemtoadapttotheenvironment.123456789101112131415more解析考查比较级。本句为“the＋比较级...，the＋比较级...”结构，故填more。12.Theworld’spopulationisincreasingata

(surprise)rateandweareindangerofdestruction.123456789101112131415surprising解析考查形容词。此处表示“世界人口以惊人的速度增长”，修饰物，故此处要用-ing形式的形容词surprising“令人惊讶的”。13.Nowadaysit’sthesecond

(large)cityinBulgariaandit’sasignificanteconomic，educationalandculturalcenter.123456789101112131415largest解析考查形容词的最高级。由空前的thesecond和空后的表示范围的inBulgaria可知，空处应用最高级形式。14.Indiansstartpracticingyogaataveryyoungage，sotheirbodiesareeven

(strong).123456789101112131415stronger解析考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及空前的修饰语even可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式。15.Thereisn’tmuchtrafficonSunday，so

(hope)we’llarriveintimefortheconcert.123456789101112131415hopefully解析考查副词。空处在此修饰so后面的整个句子，应用副词形式。Ⅱ.单句改错1.Besides，wecanenjoychattinginEnglishherewithotherEnglishlearner.答案learner→learners解析考查名词的单复数。learner意为“学习者”，为可数名词，其前有otherEnglish修饰，表示“其他的英语学习者”，为复数概念，应用复数形式，故将learner改为learners。123456789102.Incommonwithmanyotherteenagers，mydreamuniversityisTsinghuaUniversity，whichisoneofthebestuniversityinChina.答案第三个university→universities解析考查名词的单复数。“oneof＋形容词最高级＋复数名词”为固定搭配，意为“最……的……之一”，故将第三个university改为universities。123456789103.Hesetupalocalswimmingclubafternoticinghowdisabledkidsstruggledtoswiminpoolsforlackofspecialequipmentsforthem.答案equipments→equipment解析考查名词的数。equipment意为“装备；设备”，为不可数名词，无复数形式，故将equipments改为equipment。123456789104.Ifwegoonatripabroad，wecanbroadenourviewandgainknowledgeswecannotgetfrombooks.答案knowledges→knowledge解析考查名词的数。knowledge为不可数名词，只能用单数形式。123456789105.Sincethen—foralltheseyear—wehavebeenallowingtomatoestoself-seedwheretheyplease.答案year→years解析考查名词的单复数。foralltheseyears这么多年来，因此应用year的复数形式years。123456789106.Therearethreehundredsandsixty-fivedaysinayear.答案hundreds→hundred解析考查数词。表示笼统数目时，用dozens/scores/hundreds/thousands/millionsof＋名词复数。此处hundred前面有具体数词，后面没有of，所以将hundreds改为hundred。123456789107.ShewenttoAmericainherfortieths.答案fortieths→forties解析考查数词。在某人几十岁的时候，用“inone’s＋整十的基数词的复数形式”，所以将fortieths改为forties。123456789108.WewerenotonlyproudofourteamworkbutalsodeepimpressedbythegreattraditionalChineseculture.答案deep→deeply解析考查副词。句中“impressed”是形容词，应该用副词来修饰。“deep”作为副词常用来表示具体的深度；“deeply”作为副词，意为“深深地，强烈地”。当修饰动作时，deep和deeply都可以用。修饰形容词只用deeply，不用deep。故将deep改为deeply。123456789109.Itwascoldoutside，butIfeltrealwarm.答案real→really解析考查副词。句意为：外面很冷，但我感到很温暖。修饰形容词warm用副词，故将real改为really。1234567891010.Secondly，setupagoalthatisnottoohigh；inotherwords，don’tputtoomanypressureonyourself.答案many→much解析考查形容词。句中的pressure为不可数名词，而many修饰可数名词。故将many改成much。返回12345678910层级二高考真题练Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.Filledwith

(curious)，theartistpackedhisbagsandleft.(2020·全国Ⅲ)curiosity解析考查名词。with为介词，后跟名词curiosity作宾语，表示“好奇心”。故填curiosity。1234567891011121314152.The

(possible)thatthereislifeonotherplanetsintheuniversehasalwaysinspiredscientiststoexploretheouterspace.(2018·天津)possibility解析考查名词。句意为：宇宙的其他星球上存在着生命，这一可能性总是激励着科学家们去探索外太空。定冠词the后面应该为名词，故填possibility。1234567891011121314153.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin2014thatshowedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall

(cause).(2018·全国Ⅰ)causes解析考查名词的单复数。cause表示“原因，起因”时，是可数名词，前面有all，故用cause的复数形式。1234567891011121314154.MynameisMireyaMayor.I’ma

(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.(2018·全国Ⅲ)scientist解析考查名词。由空后的who可知，定语从句的先行词是表示人的名词。scientist科学家。1234567891011121314155.FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese

(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.(2018·浙江)dishes解析考查名词的单复数。此处指中国菜，为可数名词，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。1234567891011121314156.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein

(weigh)problems.(2018·浙江)weight解析考查名词。此处应用名词作定语修饰problems，weightproblems意为“体重问题”。故填weight。1234567891011121314157.Shehasturneddownseveral

(invitation)tostaratshowsinordertoconcentrateonherstudies.(2017·全国Ⅲ)invitations解析考查名词的单复数。several修饰可数名词的复数形式，故填invitations。1234567891011121314158.Landingonthemoon’sfarsideis

(extreme)challenging.(2020·全国Ⅰ)extremely解析考查副词。空处修饰形容词challenging，应使用extreme的副词形式，故填extremely。1234567891011121314159.Dataaboutthemoon’scomposition，suchashow

iceandothertreasuresitcontains，couldhelpChinadecidewhetheritsplansforafuturelunar(月球的)basearepractical.(2020·全国Ⅰ)much解析考查形容词。ice是不可数名词，应使用much修饰，故填much。12345678910111213141510.Chineselovetheir“LuckyBamboo”plantsandyouwillseethemoftenintheirhomesandoffice.

(certain)duringtheholidayperiod，thisplantisamust.(2020·全国Ⅱ)Certainly解析考查副词。此处修饰整个句子，用副词certainly；位于句首，注意首字母大写。故填Certainly。12345678910111213141511.Onourwaytothehouse，itwasraining

hardthatwecouldn’thelpwonderinghowlongitwouldtaketogetthere.(2019·全国Ⅲ)so解析考查副词。此处表示“雨下得如此大以至于我们忍不住想还要多久才能到达那里”。“so...that...”意为“如此……以至于……”，引导结果状语从句。故填so。12345678910111213141512.Itisdifficulttofigureoutaglobalpopulationofpolarbearsasmuchoftherangehasbeen

(poor)studied；however，biologistscalculatethatthereareabout20,000－25,000polarbearsworldwide.(2019·全国Ⅰ)poorly解析考查副词。根据句意和结构分析可知，此处用副词poorly修饰谓语动词，故填poorly。12345678910111213141513.Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal，runnerslivethreeyears

(long)thannon-runners.(2018·全国Ⅰ)longer解析考查副词的比较级。句中的than是比较级的标志，故填long的比较级longer。12345678910111213141514.Hescreamsthe

(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.(2018·全国Ⅲ)loudest解析考查最高级。根据空前的the和空后的ofall可知，他的声音最大，所以用最高级loudest。12345678910111213141515.Even

(bad)，theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.(2017·全国Ⅰ)worse解析考查副词的比较级。根据语境可知，此处表示程度的加深，所以用比较级形式。evenworse更糟的是，可以看作固定搭配。1234567891011121314151.Luckily，Iwillgohomeintwoweeksforsummervacations.(2020·全国Ⅱ)答案vacations→vacation解析考查名词的单复数。此处表示两周后回家过“(今年的)暑假”，所以不能用复数。summervacation暑假。故将vacations改为vacation。Ⅱ.单句改错123456789102.Mymomisreallyconcernedwiththehealthofeveryoneinourfamilies.(2020·全国Ⅲ)答案families→family解析考查名词的单复数。family当“家庭”讲时，是集合名词，这里表示“我们一个家庭”，所以用单数。故将families改成family。123456789103.Allthefootballplayerontheplaygroundcheeredloudly，sayingthatIhadatalentforfootball.(2019·全国Ⅰ)答案player→players解析考查名词的单复数。player“运动员”为可数名词，所以all(所有的)后需要用名词的复数形式。故将player改为players。123456789104.TodayItriedcookingasimplydishmyself.(2020·全国Ⅰ)答案simply→simple解析考查形容词。根据名词dish可知，此处应用形容词作定语，故将simply改为simple。123456789105.Thebeautylongbranchescoveredwithpink-coloredbuds(蓓蕾)makefantasticdecorations.(2020·全国Ⅱ)答案beauty→beautiful解析考查形容词。修饰名词branches，用形容词。故将beauty改为beautiful。123456789106.I’msurelyyou’llhaveagoodtime.(2020·全国Ⅱ)答案surely→sure解析考查形容词。分析句子结构可知，此处be动词am后面需用形容词作表语。故将surely改为sure。123456789107.Intheirsparetime，theyareinterestinginplantingvegetablesintheirgarden，whichisontherooftopoftheirhouse.(2017·全国Ⅱ)答案interesting→interested解析考查形容词。interesting意为“有趣的”，多指事物；interested意为“感兴趣的”，多指人。该句的主语是they，故用interested作表语。beinterestedin意为“对……感兴趣”。123456789108.Istoppedtheballandkickedithardlybacktotheplayground.(2019·全国Ⅰ)答案hardly→hard解析考查副词。副词hardly意为“几乎不”，而hard作副词讲时，意为“用力地”。此处表示“我用力把球踢回操场”，故将hardly改为hard。123456789109.Toeveryone’ssurprising，theballwentintothenet.(2019·全国Ⅰ)答案surprising→surprise解析考查名词。everyone’s为名词所有格形式，后跟名词。toone’ssurprise令某人惊讶的是。故将surprising改为surprise。1234567891010.Inthesummerholidayfollowingmyeighteenbirthday，Itookdrivinglessons.(2017·全国Ⅰ)答案eighteen→eighteenth