2023学年完整公开课版Book5　Unit1　Greatscientists

Book5Unit1Greatscientists▶写作词汇1.

attend

vt.照顾;护理;出席;参加

2.

expose

vt.暴露;揭露;使曝光

3.

defeat

vt.打败;战胜;使受挫

n.失败

4.

blame

vt.责备;谴责

n.过失;责备

5.

cure

n.治愈;痊愈

vt.治愈;治疗

6.

link

vt.&n.连接;联系

7.

handle

n.柄;把手

vt.处理;操纵

8.

expert

n.专家;行家

adj.熟练的;经验或知识丰富的

9.

challenge

n.挑战

vt.向……挑战

10.

pollute

vt.污染;弄脏

11.

announce

vt.宣布;通告

12.

contribute

vt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助

阅读词汇1.analysevt.分析

2.foreseevt.预见;预知

3.certaintyn.确信;确实

4.movementn.移动;运动;动作

5.neighbourhoodn.附近;邻近

6.characteristicn.特征;特性

7.fireworkn.烟火(燃放)

8.positiveadj.积极的;肯定的

9.scientificadj.科学的

10.backwardadv.&adj.向后地(的);相反地(的);退步地(的11.enthusiasticadj.热情的;热心的

12.cautiousadj.小心的;谨慎的

1.pollutevt.污染;弄脏→pollutionn.污染→pollutedadj.被污染的

2.concludevt.&vi.结束;推断出→conclusionn.结论;结束

3.absorbvt.吸收;吸引;使专心→absorbingadj.十分吸引人的

4.announcevt.宣布;通告→announcementn.宣布;通告

5.instructvt.命令;指示;教导→instruction

n.命令;指示

6.contributevt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助→contribution

n.贡献;捐款

7.responsibleadj.有责任的;负责的→responsibilityn.责任

8.

rejectvt.拒绝;不接受;抛弃→rejection

n.拒绝

9.severeadj.严重的;剧烈的;严厉的→severelyadv.严格地;严重地;严厉地

10.challengen.挑战vt.向……挑战→challengingadj.挑战性的

高频短语1.

putforward

提出

2.

drawaconclusion

得出结论

3.expose...to...

使显露;暴露

4.

link...to...

将……和……联系或连接起来

5.

makesense

讲得通;有意义

6.

apartfrom

除……之外;此外

7.

bestrictwith

对……严格

8.

betoblamefor

该为……受责备;应为……承担责任

单句填空(注意所填词汇的适当形式变化)1.Theriverispolluted

andnoiseisanotherkindofserious

pollution

here.(pollute)

2.Maryannounced

toherteammatesthatshewastomarryaChineseboyandtheannouncement

oftheirmarriagewouldappearinthelocalnewspapernextweek.(announce)

3.ThefirstladyPeng

Liyuanhascontributed

alotofmoneytotheschool,whohasmadegreat

contributions

toeducation.(contribute)

4.Althoughthetaskischallenging

foryou,youshouldtrytofaceitbravely,whichisoneofyourchallengesinyourlife.(challenge)

5.Theteacherinstructedthatallthestudentsshouldattendtheinstructive

lecturetobedeliveredbyMr.White,whoseinstruction

wouldbeofgreathelptoourstudy.(instruct)

6.Theworkersareconstructing

anewhighway,andtheroadunderconstruction

willplayavitalroleinreconstructingthedestroyedvillage.(construct)

经典句型1.Neitheritscause

noritscure

(它的治疗也不)wasunderstood.2.Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied

everytime

(每次)therewasanoutbreak.

3.Intwoparticularstreets,thecholeraoutbreak

wassoseverethat

(如此严重以至于)morethan500peoplediedintendays.

4.Onlyif

(只有)youputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsintheskymakesense.

5.Heplacedafixedsunatthecentreofthesolarsystemwiththeplanetsgoingroundit

(行星绕着它转)andonlythemoonstillgoingroundtheearth.

1.这个周末,汤姆和他的父母都不打算去看电影。(neither...nor...)NeitherTomnorhisparents

aregoingtoseethefilmthisweekend.

2.每次我去拜访他,他总是在忙着做家庭作业。(everytime)EverytimeIcallonhim,heisalwaysbusywithhishomework.

3.北京大学是如此出名以至于每年全国各地的尖子生都向它提出申请。

(so...that...)(2018北京)BeijingUniversityis

sofamousthattopstudents

fromalloverthecountryapplytoiteveryyear.

4.随着英语单词在媒体和日常生活中的普及,一本汉语词典已收录了239个英文单词。(with复合结构)WithEnglishwordsgettingpopular

inthemediaanddailylife,aChinesedictionaryhasincluded239ofthem.

1..conclusionn.结论教材原句①Drawaconclusion

得出结论◆单句填空②Johnsaidhecouldconcludefrom

Jane'sexpressionthatJanehad

stolenhismoney.③Heconcludedhisspeechwith

“Thanksforyourtime”.重点单词◆同义句转换④Toconclude,Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedme.→Inconclusion

,Iwouldliketothankeverybodywhohelpedme.⑤Whatcanyouconcludefromtheevidenceyou'vefound?→Whatconclusions

doyoudraw

fromtheevidenceyou'vefound?◆写作微练⑥总之,我们在这个活动中受益匪浅。(2016天津书面表达)Inconclusion,wehavebenefitedfromtheactivity.

点拨(1)draw/cometo/reachaconclusion得出结论makeaconclusion下结论inconclusion最后;总之attheconclusionof当……结束时(2)concludev.得出结论;断定;推断出;(使)结束concludesth.with...以……结束conclude

(从……中)推断出……toconclude总而言之,最后2.exposevt.使暴露;使遭受;揭露教材原句①Buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople

exposed

(expose)tocholera.但当他一想到要帮助那些受霍乱威胁的

普通百姓时,他就感到振奋。◆单句填空②Takecare!

Beingexposed

(expose)tofrequentsmogdoesgreat

harmtoyourhealth.③Therearemorethan740millionChineseexposed

(expose)tosecond

-handsmokinginpublicplacesnow.◆句子翻译④Wewanttoexposethekidstoasmuchartandcultureaspossible.我们想让孩子们尽量受到艺术和文化熏陶。

◆写作微练⑤总之,不要让你的儿子接触暴力游戏。Allinall,don'texposeyoursontoviolentgames.

点拨(1)exposeoneselfto将某人自己暴露在……中;遭受……beexposedto被暴露在……中;使遭受……(2)exposedadj.暴露的,无遮蔽的(3)exposuren.暴露;揭露[点津]expose...to和beexposedto中的to是介词。3.absorbvt.吸收;吸引;使专心教材原句①Thesecondsuggestedthatpeopleabsorbed

(absorb)thisdiseaseinto

theirbodieswiththeirmeals.◆单句填空②Whendeeply

absorbed

(absorb)inwork,hewouldforgetallabout

eatingandsleeping.③Webothbecame

absorbed

(absorb)inthesimplicityofplayingto-gether.(2018课标全国Ⅲ)◆单句改错④Theboysatbesidethewindow,absorbinginanovel.

absorbing→absorbed

◆同义句转换⑤Hewasabsorbedinwritingaletteranddidn'tevenlookupwhenIcame

in.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)→

Absorbedinwritingaletter

,hedidn'tevenlookupwhenIcamein.◆完成句子⑥Absorbedineverymoveofmine

(专注于我的每一个动作),the

foreignstudentswereonceagainamazedbythisuniquecultureandthey

couldn'thelptakingpicturesfromtimetotime.(2018北京书面表达)点拨(1)absorbone'sattention吸引某人的注意(be)absorbedin...全神贯注于……o...把……吸收进……absorb...from...从……中吸收……(2)absorbingadj.引人入胜的[联想]fixone'sattentionon...把注意力集中在……focuson集中于,关注beaddictedto沉溺于,上瘾concentrateon全神贯注于payattentionto注意;重视devoteoneselfto专心于abandononeselfto沉湎于4.blamevt.责备;谴责n.过失;责备教材原句①Itseemedthatthewaterwas

toblame

(blame).◆单句填空②Wewent10-1andIwasnamedmostvaluableplayer,butIoftenhad

crazydreamsinwhichIwastoblame

for

Miller'saccident.(2016

课标全国Ⅲ)③Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblame

on

thealarmclock.(2017课标全国Ⅲ)◆一句多译我们不能把这起事故归咎于天气。④Wecan't

blame

theaccident

on

theweather.(blamev.)⑤Wecan't

put/laytheblamefor

theaccident

on

theweather.

(blamen.)点拨blamesb./sth.forsth.因……责备……blamesth.onsb.把某事归咎于某人betoblame(forsth.)(对某事)负有责任put/laytheblame(forsth.)onsb.把(某事的)责任归咎于某人take/accept/shouldertheblamefor...为……承担责任[点津]在betoblame短语中,blame不能用被动形式,该短语为主动形式表示被

动含义。5.contributevt.&vi.捐献;贡献;捐助教材原句①tocontribute

贡献◆单句填空②Doingsmallthingswellcontributesto

building

(build)upourconfi-

denceandhelpingusmeetbiggerchallengesinthefuture.③Everyoneiswillingtocontributefoodandclothes

to

thehomelesspeople.④AccordingtotheanalysisofBabbitt'steam,olddesktopmonitorsand

boxTVswithcathoderaytubesaretheworstdeviceswiththeirenergy

consumptionandcontribution

(contribute)togreenhousegasemis-

sions(排放)morethandoublingduringthe1992to2007window.(2018课

标全国Ⅰ)◆写作微练⑤了解唐朝的历史有助于你理解这些诗。(2017课标全国Ⅰ书面表达)KnowingthehistoryoftheTangDynastywillcontributetoyourunder-standingofthepoems.

点拨(1)contributesth.to...把……捐献给……contributeto促成;造成;向……投稿(2)contributorn.捐款人;作出贡献的人(3)contributionn.捐献;贡献;稿件makeacontribution/contributionsto...对……作出贡献[联想]表示“引起;导致;有助于”的词语还有:cause,leadto,resultin,bring

about等。6.attendvt.出席;参加;照顾;护理vi.专心;注意教材原句①JohnSnowwasafamousdoctorinLondon—soexpert,indeed,thathe

attended

(attend)QueenVictoriaasherpersonalphysician.◆完成句子②非常抱歉我明天下午不能去听关于美国历史的演讲了。IamsosorrythatIwon'tbeableto

attendthelecture

onAmericanhis-

torytomorrowafternoon.③今晚我不能与你一起外出,因为我有一件急事要处理。Ican'tgooutwithyoutonightbecauseIhaveanurgentthingtoattendto

.④后来,当汉纳(Hannah)上学时,她看到了另一个无家可归的人。(2017

北京)Later,whenHannahattendedschool,shesawanotherhomelessperson

.点拨attendameeting/alecture/awedding/school/church参加会议/听演讲/参加婚礼/上学/做礼拜attendto处理;对付;照料1.putforward提出;将……提前;推荐;将钟拨快教材原句①Whoputforward

atheoryaboutblackholes?谁提出了关于黑洞的

理论?重点短语◆写出下列各句中putforward的含义②Putyourwatchforward;it'sfiveminutesslow.拨快

③Ithinkheisfitfortheposition;therefore,I'llputhimforwardforclub

secretary.推荐

④Theyhaveputforwardthedateoftheirweddingbyoneweek.将……提前

⑤Overtheyearsseveralsimilartheorieshavebeenputforward.提出

◆写作微练⑥由于恶劣的天气,运动会被推迟了。Thesportsmeetingwasputoffbecauseofthebadweather.

⑦我已经养成了每周存一些钱的习惯。Ihaveformedthehabitofputtingawaysomemoneyeveryweek.

点拨这个短语为及物动词短语,宾语既可以放在forward后也可放在putfor-

ward中间。[联想]putaway将……收起来(放回原处);储存(钱)putaside忽视;不理睬;储存putoff延迟putout扑灭putin安装;把……写进(信函、故事等)2.makesense有意义;讲得通;言之有理教材原句①Onlyifyouputthesuntheredidthemovementsoftheotherplanetsin

theskymakesense

.只有当你把太阳放在那儿(中心位置上),天空中

其他行星的运动才能说得清楚。◆单句填空②Providedyoumakesenseof

it,itwillsoundbeautiful.③Ina

sense,theaccenthasbeenconsideredasanindividualsymbol.◆单句改错④Itisnosenseinarguingwithhim,becauseheissostubborn.

It→There

⑤It'scommonsensestodressmorewarmlywhenitgetscold.

senses→sense

◆完成句子⑥Themoviedoesn't

makeanysense

.这部电影根本就是瞎编。⑦Thissentencedoesn'tmakesense

.这个句子不通。点拨makesenseof理解,弄懂makenosense无意义commonsense常识inasense从某种意义上来说innosense决不,决非insomesenses在一定意义上cometoone'ssenses恢复理智,醒悟过来thereisnosensein(doing)sth.(做)某事是没意义的1.neither...nor...既不……也不……教材原句①Neitheritscausenor

itscurewasunderstood.人们既不知道它的病

源,也不了解它的治疗方法。重点句型

◆单句填空②Lastnightneithermywifenormyparents

were

(be)abletopersuade

mydaughtertochangehermind.③Asisknowntoall,notonlythenursesbutalsothedoctor

is

(be)verykindtothepatients.④Eitheryouoroneofyourstudentsis

(be)toattendthemeeting

thatisduetomorrow.◆写作微练说实话,我弟弟和我都不喜欢这本小说。⑤Tobehonest,neithermybrothernorIlikethenovel.

点拨neither...nor...“既不……也不……”,连接句中两个相同的句子成分。连接主语时,谓语动词遵循就近一致原则。[联想]遵循“就近原则”的其他表达:①either...or...或者……或者……②notonly...butalso...不仅……而且……③therebe句型2.everytime引导的时间状语从句教材原句①Somanythousandsofterrifiedpeoplediedevery/eachtime

therewasanoutbreak.每次(霍乱)爆发时,都有成千上万惊恐的人死去。◆单句改错②IfeltveryexcitedeachtimewhenIwatchedthemovie.去掉when

◆一句多译昨天,我一听到这个消息就给汤姆打了电话。③IcalledTomassoonasIheardthenewsyesterday.

(assoonas)④IcalledTomthemomentIheardthenewsyesterday.

(themoment)⑤HardlyhadIheardthenewswhenIcalledTomyesterday.

(hardly...

when...)⑥NosoonerhadIheardthenewsthanIcalledTomyesterday.

(no

sooner...than...)◆写作微练⑦每次我想放弃时,我就会想到司马迁。(2016北京书面表达)EverytimeIwantedtogiveup,IwouldthinkofSimaQian.

点拨句中everytime引导时间状语从句,表示“每次……”。名词词组作连词用、引导时间状语从句的还有:eachtime;nexttime;the

hour/day...;the+序数词+time;themoment/minute/instant。[联想]nosooner...than.../hardly...when...表示“一……就……”。JohnSnow,awell-knowndoctorinLondon,became

1

(inspire)whenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeoplewho

2

(expose)tocholera,a

3

(dead)diseaseofitsday.Manythousandsofpeoplediedeverytimetherewasanoutbreak

4

nooneknewthecauseofit.Johnwantedtohelpsolvetheproblem.

Hegotinterestedintwotheories

5

(explain)howcholerakilledpeople.Hebelievedinthesecondtheory

6

suggestedthatpeople

7

(absorb)thediseaseintotheirbodieswiththeirmeals.In1854,when

8

outbreakhitLondon,hewasreadytotestthetwotheories.

9

thehelpofthemaphemade,hegotavaluableclueaboutthecauseofthediseaseandwasabletoannouncethatthewaterwas

10

(blame).

Persuasivewritingisaboutchangesomebodyelse'spointofview.Whenyouaredoingthiskindsofwriting,youmustalwayshadsomeevidencetosupportyouridea.Tomakethismoreeasier,youcanhelddiscussionswithyourfamilyandfriends.Givingyourideasandreasonstothemwheneveryouaremakingchoices.Youmaybotharguewiththemortrytopersuadethem.Thenyouwillfindthateasiertodoyourpersuasivewriting.Besides,whenyouarewriting,donotforgetplanyourworkandputyourideasi