2024年教师资格（初级中学）-英语知识与教学能力（高中）笔试历年全考点试卷附带答案

2024年教师资格（初级中学）-英语知识与教学能力（高中）笔试历年全考点试卷附带答案卷I一.单项选择题(共10题)1.TherearemanywetlandsinChinaandsomeofthemhavebecometheworldsimportantwetlands.TheChineseYellowSeaWetlandsareamongthem.TheyareinYancheng,JiangsuProvince.Theyarehomeformanydifferentkindsofbirdsandanimals.TheworldslargestMiluDeerNatureReserveisinthem.Morethan700miludeerlivefreelythere.Therearenotmanyred-crownedcranesintheworld,buteverywinteryoucanseesomeintheRed-crownedCranesNatureReserveintheYellowSeaWetlands.Thetemperatureinthewetlandsisusuallyneithertoohighnortoolow.Thereisalotofrainandsunshine,too.Theyarereallygoodplacesforwildlife.Offeringfoodandhomeforsomespecialkindsofanimalsandbirdsisnottheonlyreasonwhyweneedtoprotectwet-lands.Wetlandsareimportantbecausetheycanalsopreventfloods.Butsomepeoplewanttochangethewetlandstomakemorespaceforfarmsandbuildings.Thismeanstherewillbelessandlessspaceforwildlife.Luckily,moreandmorepeoplearebeginningtorealizetheimportanceOfwetlandsandwildlife.Everyyear,onFebruary2,manyactivitiesareheldtotellpeoplemoreaboutwet-lands. Thebesttitleforthepassageis______.A.China’sWetlandsHaveAllEnteredtheWorld’sListB.Wetlands_HomeforWildlifeandHumanBeingsC.SpecialAnimalsintheChineseYellowSeaWetlandsD.Wetlands—ValuableResourcesofLandontheEarth正确答案：B,2.Socialchangeismorelikelytooccurinsocietieswherethereisamixtureofdifferentkindsofpeoplethaninsocietieswherepeoplearesimilarinmanyways.Thesimplereasonforthisisthattherearemoredifferentwaysoflookingatthingspresentinthefirstkindofsociety.Therearemoreideas,moredisagreementsininterest,andmoregroupsandorganizationswithdifferentbeliefs.Inaddition,thereisusuallyagreaterworldlyinterestandgreatertoleranceinmixedsocieties.Allthesefactorstendtopromotesocialchangebyopeningmoreareasoflifetodecision.Inasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanyways,therearefeweroccasionsforpeopletoseetheneedortheopportunityforchangebecauseeverythingseemstobethesame.Andalthoughconditionsmaynotbesatisfactory,theyareatleastcustomaryandun-disputeD.Withinasociety,socialchangesisalsolikelytooccurmorefrequentlyandmorereadilyinthematerialaspectsoftheculturethaninthenon-material,forexample,intechnologyratherthaninvalues；inwhathasbeenlearnedlaterinliferatherthanwhatwaslearnedearly：inthelessbasicandlessemotionalaspectsofsocietythanintheiropposites；inthesimpleelementsratherthaninthecomplexones；informratherthaninsubstance；andinelementsthatareacceptabletothecultureratherthaninstrangeelements.Furthermore,socialchangeiseasierifitisgradual.Forexample,itcomesmorereadilyinhumanrelationsonacontinuousscaleratherthanonewithsharpdifference.ThisisonereasonwhychangehasnotcomemorequicklytoBlackAmericansascomparedtootherAmericanminorities,becauseofthesharpdifferenceinappearancebetweenthemandtheirwhitecounter-parts. Socialchangeislesslikelytooccurinasocietywherepeoplearequitesimilarinmanywaysbecause______.A.peopletherehavegotsoaccustomedtotheirconditionsthattheyseldomthinkitnecessarytochangeB.peopletherehaveidenticalneedsthatcanbesatisfiedwithoutmuchdifficultyC.peoplethereareeasytopleaseD.peopletherearelessdisputed正确答案：A,3.—MayIspeaktoMr.Li,please?A.Holdon,pleaseB.HelpyourselfC.YouarewelcomeD.Goodidea正确答案：A,4.Fiveyearsago,DavidSmithworeanexpensivesuittoworkeveryday.“Iwasaclothesaddiet,’Tiejokes。“IusedtocarryafleshsuittoworkwithmesoIcouldchangeifmyclothesgotwrinkled。”TodayDavidwearscasualclothes-khakipantsandasportsshirt-tothe.Office.Hehardlyeverwearsanecktie.“I’mworkingharderthanever，’’Davidsays，“andIneedtofeelcomfortable.”Moreandmorecompaniesareallowingtheirofficeworkerstowearcasualclothestowork.IntheUnitedStates,thechangesfromformaltocasualofficewearhavebeenslow.Intheearly1990s,manycompaniesallowedtheirworkerstowearcasualclothesonFriday(butonlyonFri-day).Thisbecameknownas“dress-downFriday”or“casualFriday”.“Whatstartedoutasanextraone-day-a-weekbenefitforworkershasreallybecomeaneverydaything.”saidbusinessadviserMaislyJones.Whyhavesomanycompaniesstartedallowingtheirworkerstowearcasualclothes?Onereasonisthatit’seasierforacompanytoattractnewworkersifithasacasualdresscode.“Alotofyoungpeopledon’twanttodressupforwork，”saystheownerofasoftwarecompany，“soit’shardtohirepeopleifyouhaveaconservativedresscode.”Anotherreasonisthatpeopleseemhappierandmoreproductivewhentheyarewearingcomfortableclothes.InastudymadebyLeviStraussandCompany,85percentofemployerssaidthatcasualdresshasasideeffectonwork.SupportersofcasualofficewearalsosaythatacasualdressCodehelpsthemsavemoney.“Suitsareexpensive,ifyouhavetowearoneeveryday,”onepersonsaiD.“Forthesameamountofmoney,youcanbuyalotmorecasualclothes.”Accordingtothispassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?→←.A.Companyworkersstartedtodressdownabouttwentyyearsago.B.Dress-downhasbecomeaneverydayphenomenonsincetheearly1990s.C.“Dress-downFriday”wasfirstgivenasafavorfromemployers.D.Manyworkerswanttowearcasualclothestoimpresspeople.正确答案：C,5.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueabouttheassessmentinlanguageteaching?A.Testingdoesnotequatewithassessment.B.Summativeassessmentfocusesontheprocessoflearning.C.Thestudentsthemselvesshouldbegiventhechancetoevaluatetheirownperformance.D.Assessmentmeanstodiscoverwhatthelearnersknowandcandoatcertainstageofthelearningprocess.正确答案：B,6.What’sthestartingpointanddestinationofEnglishcourse?______.A.knowledgeimpartationB.students’developmentC.languageusageD.habitformation正确答案：B,7.Wetakeourskinforgranteduntilitisburned__________repair.A.beyondB.forC.withoutD.under正确答案：A,8.请阅读passagel，完成下列小题Passage1TheycametotheUnitedStatesaschildrenwithlittleidea,ifany,ofwhatitmeanttooverstayavisa.Theyenrolledinpublicschools,learnedEnglish,earnedhighschooldiplomas.Likemanyoftheirclassmates,theyponderedcollegechoices.ButasundocumentedimmigrantsinMaryland,theythenhadtoconfronttherealitythattheymustpaytwotothreetimeswhatformerhighschoolclassmatespaytoattendthestatedpubliccollege.Itisarulethat,formanystudentsofmodestmeans,putsacollegeeducationoutofreach,withoneexception:MontgomeryCollege.ThatiswhyJosueAguiluz,21,bominHonduras,andRicardoCampos,23,bominElSalvador-andnumerousotherslikethem-landedatthecommunitycollege.There,theystudyandwaitforaverdictfromMarylandvotersonaNov.6ballotmeasurethatmaydeterminewhethertheycanaffordtoadvancetoafour-yearcollege."IknowpeopleinMarylandbelieveineducation,CampossaidtheotherdayatthestudentcenterontheRockvillecampus.“IknowtheyaregoingtovoteforQuestion4.I’mhangingontheirvote.”Question4asksvoterstoaffirmorstrikedownalawthatthelegislaturepassedlastyear,knownasMaryland‘sversionofthe"DreamAct,"whichgrantedcertainundocumentedimmigrantstheabilitytoobtainin-statetuitionatpubliccollegesanduniversities.Thesubsidycomeswithconditions.Among→them←:Totakeadvantage,studentsmustfirstgotoatwo-yearcommunitycollege.Thelawwaspushedtoareferendumafteropponentsmountedalightningpetitiondrivethatshowedthedepthofdivisionoverillegalimmigrationacrossthestateandthenation.Criticssaydiscountingtuitionforstudentswholackpermissiontobeinthecountryisanunjustifiedgiveawayofwhattheybelievewillamounttotensofmillionsoftaxdollarsayear."

Whenanundocumentedstudententersthesystem,itisanetlossofrevenue,saidDel.PatrickL.McDonough(R-BaltimoreCounty).Itisasimplemathematicalargument.Putyouremotionandyourpassionaside,andgetoutyourcalculator.Thereisnocountofthenumberofstudentsstatewidewhowouldbeeligibleforbenefitsunderthelaw.Estimatesrangefromseveralhundredtoafewthousand.AWashingtonPostpollthismonthfoundthatasolidmajorityoflikelyvotersfavoredthelaw:59percentsupportit,and35percentareopposed.Ifthelawisaffirmed,Marylandwouldjoinaboutadozenotherstateswithlawsorpoliciesprovidingin-statetuitionbenefitstoundocumentedimmigrants.Texasbecamethefirstin2001.ExpertssayMaryland’sversionistheonlyonethatrequiresstudentstogothroughcommunitycollegefirst.Thatmeansthestated16communitycollegescouldbecomeapipelineforundocumentedstudentsinpublichighereducationifthemeasureisapproved.MontgomeryCollegeisalreadyamagnetforsuchstudents.ItoffersthesamelowtuitiontoanystudentwhograduatedwithinthepastthreeyearsfromaMontgomeryCountyhighschool. Whatdoes“them”inPARAGRAPH4referto?______.A.studentsB.conditionsC.undocumentedimmigrantsD.publiccollegesanduniversities正确答案：B,9.Gulliver’sTravelsiswrittenby______.A.DanielDefoeB.CharlesDickensC.JonathanWiftD.JosephAddison正确答案：C,10.Doyouknowhowtoplayagamecalled"MusicalChairs"?Itiseasytoplayandmostpeopleenjoyit.Allyouneedaresomechairs,somepeopleandsomewaysofmakingmusiC.Youmayuseapianooranyothermusicalinstruments,ifsomeonecanplayit.Youmayuseataperecorder.Youcanevenusearadio.Putthechairsinarow.Thechairsmaybeputintwos,backtoback.Abetterwayistohavethechairsinonerowwitheachchairfacingintheoppositedirectiontothechairnexttoit.Thegameiseasy.Whenthemusicstarts,theplayerswalkroundthechairs.Everyonegoesinthesamedirection,ofcourse,theyshouldwalkintimetothemusiC.Ifthemusicisfast,theyshouldwalkquickly.Ifthemusicisslow,theyshouldwalkslowly.Thepersonplayingmusiccannotseethepeopleinthegame.Whenthemusicstops,theplayerstrytositonthechairs.Ifapersoncannotfindachairtositon,hedropsout.Then,beforethemusicstartsagain,onechairmustbetakenaway.Whenthemusicstopsagain,onemoreplayerwillbeout.Atlast,therewillbetwoplayersandonechair.Theonewhositsonthechairwhenthemusicstopisthewinner. Thechairsshouldbeput______.A.withthedesksB.beforetheWinnerC.allovertheroomD.inaline正确答案：D,卷II一.单项选择题(共10题)1.Despitethesealarmingstatistics,thescaleofthethreatthatsmokingcausestowomenshealthhasreceivedsurprisinglylittleattention.Smokingisstillseenbymanyasamainlymaleproblem,perhapsbecausemenwerethefirsttotakeupthehabitandthereforethefirsttosuffertheill-effects.Thisisnolongerthecase.Womenwhosmokelikemenwilldielikemen.Whoestimatesthat,inindustrializedcountries,smokingratesamongmenandwomenareveysimilar,ataround30percent；inalargenumberofdevelopedcountries,smokingisnowmorecommonamongteenagegirlsthanboys.Aswomentookupsmokinglaterthanmen,thefullimpactofsmokingontheirhealthhasvettobeseen.Butitisclearfromcountrieswherewomenhavesmokedlongest,suchastheUnitedKingdomandtheUnitedStates,thatsmokingcausesthesamediseasesinwomenasinmenandthegapbetweentheirdeathratesisnarrowingoncurrenttrends,some20to25percentofwomenwhosmokewilldiefromtheirhabit.Oneinthreeofthesedeathswillbeamongwomenunder65yearsofage.TheUSSurgeonGeneralhasestimatedthat,amongthesewomen,smokingisresponsibleforaround40percentheartdiseasedeaths,55percentoflethalstrokesand,amongwomenofallages,80percentoflungcancerdeathsand30percentofallcancerdeaths.Overthelast20years,deathratesinwomenfromlungcancerhavemorethandoubledinJapan,Norway,Poland,SwedenandtheUnitedKingdom；haveincreasedbymorethan200percentinAustralia,DenmarkandNewZealand；andhaveincreasedbymorethan300percentinCanadaandtheUnitedStates. Fromthefactthatinsomedevelopedcountriessmokingisnowmorecommonamongteenagegirlsthanboys,wecanpredictthatinthedaystocome,______.A.womenwillhavethesamediseasesasmenB.morewomenmaysufferfromsmokingthanmenC.thesmokingratesamongmenandwomenwilldropD.theteenagegirlstodaymaygiveupsmokingwhentheyaregrown-ups正确答案：B,2.Whenateachersays"Next,pleasepayattentiontothetimeofarrivalanddepartureoftheplanesintherecording.",he/sheintendstodevelopstudents’skillof______.A.predictingB.gettingthegeneralpictureC.distinguishingsoundsD.gettingspecificinformation正确答案：D,3.Theteacherwoulduse______tohelpstudentscommunicateinteachingspeaking.A.substitutiondrillsB.groupdiscussionC.listeningandactingD.readingaloud正确答案：B,4.In1995,OseolaMcCartygaveapresentof$150,000totheUniversityofSouthernMississippi.Shewantedtohelppoorstudents.Itwasaverygenerousthingtodo.ButherfriendsandneighborsweresurpriseD.McCartywasagoodwoman.Shewenttochurch.Shewasalwaysfriendlyandhelpful.ButeveryoneinhertownknewthatMcCartywasnotrich.Infact,shewaspoor.Howdidapoor86-years-oldwomanhavesomuchmoney?OseolaMcCartywasbomin1908inHattiesburg,Mississippi.ShehadtoleaveschooltohelpherfamilywhenshewaseightyearsolD.Shetookajobofwashingclothes.Sheearnedonlyafewdollarsaday.Oseolawashedtheclothesbyhand,thenshehungtheclothestodry.Shedidthisfornearly80years.Inthe1960s,sheboughtanautomaticwasheranddryer.Butshegavethemaway.Shedidnotthinktheygottheclothescleanenough!Atthattime,manypeoplestartedtobuytheirownwashersanddryers.McCartydidnothavemuchwork,soshestartedtoironclothesinsteaD.McCartyhadnevermarriedorhadchildren.Herlifewasverysimple.Shewenttoworkandtochurch.ShereadherBible(圣经).Shehadablack-and-whitetelevision,butshedidnotwatchitverymuch.Ithadonlyonechannel.McCartysavedmoneyallherlifeandeventuallyhadabout$250,000.Whenshewas86,alawyerhelpedhermakeawill.Sheleftmoneytothechurch,herrelatives,andtheuniversity.McCartyjustwantedtohelpothers.Shedidnotthinkshewasaspecialper