中考英语常考单词短语及词性转换(人教版)

【七年级】【基础单词】1.认为(v.)think2.知道(v.)know3.整洁的(adj.)tidy4.衣服(n./pl.)clothes①毛衣(n.)sweater②裤子(n./pl.)trousers③短袜(n.)socks④短裤(n./pl.)shorts⑤裙子(n.)skirt⑥T恤衫(n.)T-shirt⑦鞋(n.)shoe5.中心(n.)center/centre6.音乐家(n.)musician7.厨房(n.)kitchen8.碟；盘(n.)dish9.练习(v./n.)practice10.可怕的(adj.)terrible11.吵闹的(adj.)noisy12.严厉的(adj.)strict13.带来(v.)bring14.在外面(adv./adj.)outside15.天气(n.)weather①干燥的(adj.)dry②寒冷的(adj.)cold③温暖的(adj.)warm④下雨；雨水(v./n.)rain⑤下雪；雪(v./n.)snow16.滑冰(v.)skate17.参观(v.)visit18.做饭(v.)cook19.消息；信息(n.)message20.国家(n.)country21.主意(n.)idea22.特色菜；特别的(n./adj.)special23.回答(v./n.)answer24.大号的(adj.)large25.受欢迎的(adj.)popular26.不同的(adj.)different27.(否定/疑问)仍然(adv.)yet【词汇拓展】1.color→colorful(adj.)丰富多彩的2.thanks→thank(v.)感谢→thankful(adj.)感激的3.English→England(n.)英格兰；英国4.see→saw(过去式)→seen(过去分词)看见5.say→said(过去式)→said(过去分词)说→saying(n.)谚语；格言6.come→came(过去式)→come(过去分词)来；来到7.think→thought(过去式)→thought(过去分词)认为；想→thoughtful(adj.)考虑周到的8.know→knew(过去式)→known(过去分词)知道；了解9.sell→sold(过去式)→sold(过去分词)出售；卖→sale(n.)销售10.thirty→thirtieth(序数词)第三十11.woman→women(复数)女子12.long(adj.)→length(n.)长度13.take→took(过去式)→taken(过去分词)买下；拿；取 14.sing→sang(过去式)→sung(过去分词)唱歌→singer(n.)歌手15.swim→swimming(现在分词)→swam(过去式)→swum(过去分词)游泳16.draw→drew(过去式)→drawn(过去分词)→drawing（现在分词）画17.speak→spoke(过去式)→spoken(过去分词)说18.tell→told(过去式)→told(过去分词)告诉；讲述19.write→wrote(过去式)→written(过去分词)写作→writing(现在分词)→writer(n.)作家20.show→showed(过去式)→shown__(过去分词)给……看；展示21.make→made(过去式)→made(过去分词)使成为；制造22.teach→taught(过去式)→taught(过去分词)教；讲授→teacher(n.)老师23.story→stories(复数)故事；小说24.center→central(adj.)中心的25.fight→fought(过去式)→fought(过去分词)打架；战斗26.wear→wore(过去式)→worn(过去分词)穿；戴27.bring→brought(过去式)→brought(过去分词)带来；取来28.read→read(过去式)→read(过去分词)读→reading(n.)阅读→reader(n.)读者29.feel→felt(过去式)→felt(过去分词)感受；觉得30.keep→kept(过去式)→kept(过去分词)保持；保留31.learn→learnt/learned(过去式)→learnt/learned(过去分词)学习→learner(n.)学习者32.important→importance(n.)重要性33.noisy→noise(n.)噪音34.terrible→terribly(adv.)糟糕地35.relax→relaxes(第三人称单数)放松→relaxing(adj.)令人放松的→relaxed(adj.)感到放松的36.snow→snowy(adj.)下雪的；多雪的37.Canada→Canadian(adj./n.)加拿大的；加拿大人38.Europe→European(adj.)欧洲的39.hard→hardly(adv.)几乎不→harder(adj.)更难的40.blow→blew(过去式)→blown(过去分词)吹41.lucky→unlucky(反义词)不幸的→luck(n.)运→luckily(adv.)幸运地→unluckily(adv.)不幸地42.different→differently(adv.)不同地→difference(n.)不同之处43.popular→popularity(n.)流行【基础短语】上课迟到be/arrivelateforclass2.准时(be)ontime3.(对某人）要求严格bestrict（withsb.）4.捎口信takeamessage5.写信给某人writetosb.6.此刻，马上rightnow7.没问题noproblem8.还行，不太坏notbad9.一口气inonego10.全世界aroundtheworld11.缺乏，不足beshortof12.砍到cutdown 【八年级·上】 【基础单词】1.建筑物(n.)building2.差异(n.)difference3.雨伞(n.)umbrella4.绝妙的(adj.)wonderful5.足够的(adj.)enough6.在任何地方(adv.)anywhere7.想知道(v.)wonder8.好像；看来(v.)seem9.决定(v.)decide10.在……下面(prep./adv.)below11.饥饿的(adj.)hungry12.类似的(adj.)similar13.外向的(adj.)outgoing14.极好的(adj.)fantastic15.辛勤的(adj.)hard-working_16.有才能的(adj.)talented17.最初的(adj.)primary18.必要的(adj.)necessary19.比赛(n.)_competition__20.镜子(n.)mirror21.信息(n.)information22.成绩等级；评分等级(n.)grade23.邀请(v.)invite24.谚语；格言；警句(n.)saying25.然而；不过(adv./conj)though26.到达(v.)reach27.感动；触摸(v.)touch28.分享；共享；分摊(v.)share29.讨论(n.)discussion30.文化(n.)culture31.理由(n.)reason32.介意(v.)mind33.出现(v.)appear34.期待(v.)expect35.忍受；站立(v.)stand36.获得成功的(adj.)successful37.教育的(adj.)educational38.毫无意义的(adj.)meaningless39.普通的(adj.)common40.准备好的(adj.)ready41.污染(v.)pollute42.相信(v.)believe43.环境(n.)environment44.公寓套房(n.)apartment45.工厂(n.)factory46.地球(n.)earth47.形状；外形(n.)shape48.行星(n.)planet49.太空；空间(n.)space50.已经(adv.)already51.甚至(adv.)even52.在……期间(prep.)during53.很可能；大概(adv.)probably54.可能的(adj.)possible55.音乐会(n.)concert56.日历(n.)calendar57.白天(n.)daytime58.大事(n.)event59.客人(n.)__guest__60.工作日(n.)weekday61.有空的(adj.)available62.删除(v.)delete63.答复(v.)reply64.接受(v.)accept65.抓住(v.)catch66.打印(v.)print67.使做好准备(v.)prepare【词汇拓展】1.wonder→wonderful(adj.)精彩的；绝妙的2.enjoy→enjoyable(adj.)有乐趣的；令人愉快的3.decide→decision(n.)决定；选定4.trader→trade(n./v.)贸易；交易5.try→tries(第三人称单数)→tried(过去式)→__tried__(过去分词)尝试6.building→build(v.)建造→built(过去式)→built(过去分词)建造7.loud→__loudly__(adv.)大声地→__aloud__(adv.)出声地8.win→won(过去式)→won(过去分词)获胜；赢→winner(n.)赢者9.break→broke(过去式)→broken(过去分词)(使)破；裂；碎10.saying→say(v.)→said(过去式)→__said__(过去分词)说11.care→careful_(adj.)认真的→__carefully_(adv.)认真地→__careless__(adj.粗心的→__carelessly(adv.)粗心地12.talent→_talented(adj.)有才能的13.competition→_compete__(v.)竞争14.truly→true(adj.)真实的→truth(n.)真理15.laugh→laughter(n.)笑声16.stand→stood(过去式)→stood(过去分词)忍受；站立17.plan→planning(现在分词)→__planned(过去式)→planned(过去分词)打算；计划18.become→became(过去式)→become(过去分词)开始变得；变成19.discuss→discussion(n.)讨论；商量20.meaningful→meaningless(反义词)毫无意义的→meaning(n.)意义；意思→mean(v.)意思是；打算；意欲21.success→successful(adj.)获得成功的→succeed(v.)成功22.education→educational(adj.)教育的；有教育意义的23.pollute(v.)→__pollution__(n.)污染24.build→built(过去式)→built(过去分词)建造→_building_(n.)建筑；建筑物25.fall→fell(过去式)→fallen(过去分词)跌倒；掉落26.agree→disagree(反义词)不同意→_agreement__(n.)一致；同意27.believe→believable(adj.)可信的；可信任的→unbelievable(adj.)难以置信的；不真实的28.peace→_peaceful__(adj.)和平的；安宁的→peacefully(adv.)平静地，和平地29.danger→_dangerous_(adj.)有危险的；不安全的30.hang→hung(过去式)→hung(过去分词)悬挂31.catch→caught(过去式)→caught(过去分词)→catches(第三人称单数)抓住32.opening→open(v.)打开；开放33.accept→refuse(反义词)拒绝34.prepare(v.)→preparation(n.)准备35.invite(v.)→invitation(n.)邀请【基础短语】1.有趣的事somethinginteresting2.备考studyforatest3.相当多quiteafew4.出现comeup5.在过去inthepast6.给……的感觉feellike7.关心careabout8.在某方面有天赋betalentedin9.相似_be_similar_to_10.盼望做某事expecttodosth.11.发生；进行goon12.上映；出版；发行comeout13.代替takesb’splace14.反复overandoveragain15.照顾lookafter16.拒绝turndown17.在……的尽头attheendof18.(帮助……)分担工作helpout【八年级·下】【基础单词】 1.生病的(adj.)sick①胃痛(n.)stomachache②发烧(n.)fever③咳嗽(n./v.)cough④牙痛(n.)toothache⑤头痛(n.)headache2.情况(n.)__situation__3.乘客(n.)passenger4.勇气；意志(n.)spirit5.限制；约束；管理(v./n.)control6.提供(v.)__provide7.依靠(v.)depend8.浪费(n./v.)waste9.掉下(v.)drop10.递(v.)pass11.发展；壮大(v.)develop12.邻居(n.)neighbor13.精神压力；心理负担(n.)stress14.日期；日子(n.)date15.报道(v./n.)report16.理解；领会(v.)realize17.奇特的；奇怪的(adj.)strange18.完全地(adv.)completely19.很大程度上(adv.)heavily20.倚；碰；撞(prep.)against21.人口(n.)population22.成就(n.)achievement23.条件(n.)condition24.力量(n.)force25.研究(v./n.)research26.包括(v.)include27.成功(v.)succeed28.达成；完成；成功(v.)achieve29.称……的重量(v.)weigh30.古代的(adj.)ancient31.野生的(adj.)wild32.省份(n.)province33.收集(v.)collect34.进步(v./n.)progress35.社会的(adj.)social36.和平的(adj.)__peaceful37.完美的(adj.)__perfect38.快速的(adj.)rapid39.是否(prep./conj.)whether40.无论何时(conj.)whenever【词汇拓展】 1.death→dead(adj.)死亡的→die(v.)死→dying(现在分词)将死的2.hit→hit(过去式)→hit(过去分词)击；打3.lie→lying(现在分词)→lay(过去式)→lain(过去分词)躺；平躺4.hurt→hurt(过去式)→hurt(过去分词)(使)疼痛；受伤5.mean→meant(过去式)→meant(过去分词)意思是→meaning(n.)意思→meaningful(adj.)有意义的→_meaningless_(adj.)毫无意义的6.sweep→swept(过去式)→swept(过去分词)扫；打扫7.throw→threw(过去式)→thrown(过去分词)扔8.lend→lent(过去式)→lent(过去分词)借出9.fair→unfair(反义词)不合理的；不公正的→fairness(n.)公正性；合理性10.neighbor→neighborhood(n.)小区；街区11.begin→began(过去式)→begun(过去分词)开始→beginning(n.)开头；开端12.beat→beat(过去式)→beat(过去分词)敲打；打败13.rise→rose(过去式)→risen(过去分词)升起；增加14.fall→fell(过去式)→fallen(过去分词)掉下；跌落→fallen(adj.)倒下的15.ice→icy(adj.)覆盖着冰的；冰冷的16.heavy→heavily(adv.)在很大程度上；大量地→__heavier__(比较级)沉重的→heaviest(最高级)最重的17.strange→stranger(n.)陌生人18.wood→wooden(adj.)木制的；木头的19match→matches(名词复数)火柴20.true→truly(adv.)真实地→truth(n.)真相21.asleep→sleep(v.)睡觉→sleepy(adj.)困倦的22.complete→completely(adv.)彻底地；完全地23.silent→silence(n.)沉默；缄默；无声24.report→reporter(n.)记者25.Asia→Asian(adj./n.)亚洲的；亚洲人26.nature→natural(adj.)自然的27.excite→excitement(n.)兴奋→excited(adj.)激动的→exciting(adj.)激动人心的28.succeed→success(n.)成功→successful(adj.)成功的→successfully(adv.)成功地29.wake→awake(adj.)醒着的→woke(过去式)→woken(过去分词)弄醒30.tour→tourist(n.)旅行者；观光者31.achieve→achievement(n.)成就；成绩32.weigh→weight(n.)重量33.ill→illness(n.)疾病34.wide→widely(adv.)广泛地→width(n.)宽度35.protection→_protect_(v.)保护；防护36.include→including(prep.)包括37.believe→believable(adj.)可相信的；可信任的→unbelievable(反义词)难以置信的38.usual→usually(adv.)通常→unusual(反义词)不平常的39.social→society(n.)社会40.safe→dangerous(反义词)危险的→safely(adv.)安全地→safety(n.)安全41.courage→encourage(v.)鼓励42.German→__Germans__(名词复数)德国人→Germany(n.)德国【基础短语】1.感冒haveacold2.量体温takeone’stemperature3.发烧haveafever4.令人惊讶的toone’ssurprise5.多亏了thanksto6.及时intime7.用完runoutof8.顶嘴shoutback9.介意做某事minddoing10.结果asaresult11.总是allthetime12.依赖dependon13.乱七八糟inamess14.路过walkby15.沉默insilence16.熬夜stayuplate17.清理cleanup18.剩下的therestof19.叫喊；呼唤callout20.屏住呼吸stopbreathing21.实现梦想achieveone’sdream22.即使eventhough23.出生时atbirth24.走路时撞着walkinto25.绊倒fallover26.大约orso27.死于diefrom28.砍伐cutdown29.受到威胁的动物endangeredanimals__30.到达（某数量、程度等）beupto31.导致leadto32.举起；搭建__put_up__【九年级】【基础单词】1.教科书(n.)textbook2.交谈(n.)conversation3.知识(n.)knowledge4.语法(n.)grammar5.句子(n.)sentence7.能力(n.)ability8.大脑(n.)brain9.搭档；同伴(n.)partner10.注意(n.)attention11.秘密(n.)secret12.速度(n.)speed13.有耐心的(adj.)patient14.活跃的(adj.)active15.发现(v.)discover16.重复(v.)repeat17.增加(v.)increase18.(使)连接(v.)connect19.复习(v.)review20.创造；创建(v.)create21.角落(n.)corner22.地址(n.)address23.要求；请求(n./v.)request24.方便的(adj.)convenient25.直接的(adj.)direct26.正确的(adj.)correct27.东方(adj./adv./n.)east28.在……旁边(prep.)beside29.表面(n.)surface30.材料(n.)material31.交通(n.)traffic32.交易会(n.)fair33.产品(n.)product34.高温；加热(n./v.)heat35.当地的(adj.)local36.国际的(adj.)international37.可移动的(adj.)mobile38.生产(v.)produce39.处理(v.)process40.避免(v.)avoid41.完成(v.)complete42.田野(n.)field43.安全(n.)safety44.社区(n.)community45.机会(n.)chance46.社会(n.)society47.选择(n.)choice48.感到遗憾；懊悔(v./n.)regret49.举起；电梯(v./n.)lift50.支持(v./n.)support51.完成(v.)manage52.进来(v.)enter53.教育(v.)educate54.讨厌的(adj.)awful55.更喜欢(v.)prefer56.推断(v.)suppose57.反映(v.)reflect58.表演(v.)perform59.粘贴(v.)stick60.感觉到；感觉(v./n.)sense61.遗憾；同情(n./v.)pity62.伤口；使受伤(n./v.)wound63.大师；主人；掌握(n./v.)master64.表扬(v./n.)praise65.电子的(adj.)electronic66.总数；全体的(n./adj.)total67.平滑的(adj.)smooth68.空闲的；抽出(adj./v.)spare69.情况(n.)case70.对话(n.)dialogue71.财富(n.)wealth72.勇气(n.)courage73.同意(n.)agreement74.(使)失望(v.)disappoint75.(仔细地)检查；检验(v.)examine76.踢(v.)kick77.拉(v.)pull78.使人不舒服(adj.)uncomfortable79.苍白的(adj.)pale80.灰色的(adj.)gray81.总统(n.)president82.优点(n.)advantage83.工业(n.)industry84.承担得起(v.)afford85.回收利用(v.)recycle86.残忍的(adj.)cruel87.有害的(adj.)harmful88.塑料的/塑料(adj./n.)plastic【词汇拓展】1.pronounce→pronunciation(n.)发音2.express→expression(n.)表达3.discover→discovery(n.)发现；发觉4.born→birth(n.)出生5.direct→directly(adv.)直接地direction(n.)方向→director(n.)导演；部门负责人6.speak→speaker(n.)发言者→speech(n.)讲话7.suggest→suggestion(n.)建议8.center→central(adj.)中心的9.east→eastern(adj.)东方的10.polite→politely(adv.)礼貌地→impolite(反义词)不礼貌的11.society→social(adj.)社会的12.safe→safety(n.)安全→safely(adv.)安全地13.badly→bad(adj.)坏的；糟的→worse(比较级)更坏的→worst(最高级)最差的14.choose→chose(过去式)→chosen(过去分词)→choice(n.)选择；挑选15.prefer→__preferred(过去式)→preferred(过去分词)更喜欢16.stick→stuck(过去式)→stuck(过去分词)粘贴；将……刺入17.shut→shut(过去式)→shut(过去分词)关闭；关上18.sad→sadness(n.)悲伤；悲痛19.direct→director(n.)导演；部门负责人→direction(n.)方向20.perform→performance(n.)表演21.pain→painful(adj.)令人痛苦的；令人疼痛的22.drive→drove(过去式)→driven(过去分词)开车，迫使23.nod→nodded(过去式)→nodded(过去分词)点头24.agree→agreement(n.)意见一致→disagree(v.)不同意25.weigh→weight(n.)重量26.friend→friendship(n.)友谊→friendly(adj.)友好的→unfriendly(形容词反义词)不友好的27.