宁夏银川一中2021届高三英语第五次月考试题含解析

宁夏银川一中2021届高三英语第五次月考试题（含解析）

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题的答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如

需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷及草稿纸上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解（共两节。满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转

涂到答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题：每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅

读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.$19.15.B.$9.18C.$9.15

答案是C.

1.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

Buyanewrefrigerator.B.Puttherefrigeratorfaraway.

Havetherefrigeratorfixed.

WherewillthespeakersmeetSally?

Inthepark.B.Inthemuseum.Atthelibrary.

Whatdoesthemanhopetodo?

Attendameeting.B.Havearest.Watchabasketballmatch.

Whatdoesthemanneedasuitfor?

Adanceparty.B.Abusinesstrip.C.Ajobinterview.

5.Whydidn，tthemangetthetickets?

A.Heforgotaboutit.B.Theplaywascanceled.C.Therewerenoticketsleft.

第二节（共15小题；每小题L5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小

题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。

6.Whydoesthewomancometothelibrary?

A.Torenewabook.B.Toreturnthebooks.C.Tolookforherlibrarycard.

7.Howmanybookscanstudentsborrowatmostatatimenow?

A.4.B.5.C.10.

听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。

8.Whatistheman?

A.Ahighschoolstudent.B.Acollegestudent.C.Asupermarketmanager.

9.Wherewillthespeakersgofirst?

A.Acoffeeshop.B.Acinema.C.Asupermarket.

听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12三个小题。

10.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthenews?

A.Disappointed.B.Surprised.C.Nervous.

11.Whydidthemanquithisjob?

A.Helosthisinterestinthejob.

B.Hisbossoftengotangrywithhim.

C.Hehadlittlechancetogetpromotion.

12.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?

A.Gotravelingwithhisparentsfirst.B.Findasatisfyingjobimmediately.

C.Trytoimprovehimself.

听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16四个小题。

13.WhereisBobnow?

A.InaTVstation.B.Atafriend'shouse.C.Inhisoffice.

14.WheredidBobgrowup?

A.InFrance.B.InSwitzerland.C.IntheUK.

15.WhatsatisfiesBobmostaboutWeybridge?

A.Thenaturalscenery.B.Thefriendlypeople.C.Thelivingfacilities.

16.HowdoesBoblikehisneighbor，sdog?

A.Annoying.B.Frightening.C.Acceptable.

听下面一段对话，回答第17至第20四个小题。

17.Whatisthepurposeofthetalk?

A.Toexplaintherulesofarace.B.Totellaboutaweekendevent.

C.Tointroducesomerunners.

18.WhenshouldrunnersarriveattheTownHall?

A.At8:30.B.At9:15.C.At9:45.

19.Whataretheprizesforthewinners?

A.Money.B.Coats.C.Runningshoes.

20.Howmuchshouldafamilypaytorunintherace?

A.$6.B.$5.C.$4.5.

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

OnlineFreeCourses

EnglishGrammarandStyle

We'11presentmaterialsthatcovergrammaticalprinciples,wordusage,writing

style,sentenceandparagraphstructureandpunctuation.We'11challengeyouwith

quizzesandwritingactivitiesthatwillgiveyoustrategiestoenhancethequality

ofyourwriting,andinviteyoutoparticipateindiscussionsandassessthework

ofyourpeers（同龄人）.

Length:8weeks

Instructor:RoslynPetelinfromtheUniversityofQueensland

AcademicWritingMadeEasy

Fromstructuringandorganizinganacademictexttoavoidingcommonmistakes

thatcannegativelyaffectyourcredibility,thiscourseoffersaguideforthose

whowanttoimprovetheirwriting.Eachweekiscomprisedofvideolessons,followed

byexercisesandtasksofassessingyourpeers'work.

Thecourserequiresupper-intermediate（中高级）toadvancedEnglish.

Length:6weeks

Instructor:HeidiMinningfromtheTechnicalUniversityofMunich

PreparingtoNetworkinEnglish

Networkinginthebusinessworldiskeytocareersuccess.Butwhatisnetworking?

AndhowdoyoudoitinEnglish?Thiscoursehelpsyouunderstandthebasicsof

networkingandwhyit'simportant.You'11identifythekeyqualitiesyoushould

focusondeveloping.Mostimportantly,you'11growandexpandyourbusinessnetwork

andprofessionalconnections.

Length:6weeks

Instructor:JoelOzretichfromtheUniversityofWashington

UsingEmailsforNetworkinginEnglish

Inthiscourse,you,11learnimportantstrategiesforwritingeffectiveemails.

You，IIlearnhowtowritemessagesfordifferentaudiencesandunderstandwhento

beformalordirect.You'IIalsolearnhowyourchoiceofwordscanchangetheway

peopleviewyourmessage.

Length:4weeks

Instructor:DaphneMackeyfromtheUniversityofWashington

1.Whatdothefirsttwocourseshaveincommon?

A.Bothlastforoneandahalfmonths.

B.Bothinvolvesomepeerreviewtasks.

C.Bothrequireupper-intermediateEnglish.

I）.Bothareofferedbythesameuniversity.

2.Whowillofferthecourseontheimportanceofthebusinessnetwork?

A.RoslynPetelin.B.HeidiMinning.

C.JoelOzretich.D.DaphneMackey.

3.Whatdoestheshortestcoursefocuson?

A.Improvingemail-writingskills.

B.Givingtipsonacademicwriting.

C.Exploringgrammaticalprinciples

D.Introducingthebasicsofnetworking.

【答案】1.B2.C3.A

【解析】

这是一篇广告。本文主要介绍了四种不同的在线免费课程，及其各自的主要课程内容，时长

和讲师等。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一门课程中的“…inviteyoutoparticipateindiscussionsand

assesstheworkofyourpeers.”（并邀请您参与讨论和评估同龄人的工作），以及第二

门课程中的“Eachweekiscomprisedofvideolessons,followedbyexercisesandtasks

ofassessingyourpeers'work.”（每周都有视频课程，然后是练习和评估同龄人工作的

任务）可知，前两门课共同点在于两者都涉及一些同龄人评审任务。故选B项。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三门课程中的"Thiscoursehelpsyouunderstandthebasicsof

networkingandwhyit'simportant.（本课程帮助您了解网络的基础知识及其重要性）

以及wInstructor:JoelOzretichfromtheUniversityofWashingtonw（讲师：来自

华盛顿大学的JoelOzretich）可知，JoelOzretich将提供有关商业网络重要性的课程。

故选C项。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据EnglishGrammarandStyle部分的uLength:8weeks"、Academic

WritingMadeEasy部分的aLength:6weeks”,PreparingtoNetworkinEnglish部分

的uLength:6weeksw和UsingEmailsforNetworkinginEnglish部分的aLength:4

weeks"及"Inthiscourse,you'11learnimportantstrategiesforwritingeffective

emails."（在本课程中，您将学习撰写有效电子邮件的重要策略）可知，课时最短的课程

是UsingEmailsforNetworkinginEnglish,其重点在于提高电子邮件写作技巧。故选A

项。

B

HewasborninaBavarianvillagein1829,runningawayfromanti-Semitism（反

犹太主义）withhisfamilyat17.FromNewYork,hecaughtasteamertoCalifornia,

anewlymintedAmericancitizen,withaviewtoexpandingthefamily'sdrygoods

business.ButtheseweretheexcitingdaysoftheGoldRush,andtheyoungmandreamed

ofmakingitbig.Hisinitiativepaidoffsowellthatyoumaybewearinghisinvention

now:hisnamewasLeviStrauss.

Technically,theentrepreneurwhowentbythenameaUncleLevi"didn,tinvent

thecopperrivets（铜锣P车丁）onjeans.TheideacamefromatailornamedJacobDavis

inNevadawhoboughtclothfromStrausstomakeworkclothesforlaborers.In1872,

JacobDavispersuadedhimtojointlyfileforapatentforanimprovementin

fasteningpocketopenings”,andtoshiftfromsellingfabrictofinishedtrousers.

Thenfollowsahistoryofmarketinggenius---documentedinthelargest-everpublic

displayofartefacts（手工制品）fromLeviStrauss&Co.

“LeviStrauss:AHistoryofAmericanStyle“attheContemporaryJewishMuseum

inSanFranciscoweavestogethercorporate,culturalandsocialtrendstotellthe

storyofoneofthecountry,smostfamousexports.WhenStraussdiedin1902,nobody

couldhaveexpectedthatthefirmhefoundedwoulddefineAmerica'sstyleandbecome

apopularsignglobally.ItdidthatbyropingitsproducttotwomythicAmerican

figures:thecowboyandtherebel（叛逆者）.

Levi，s501jeansweretough.Marketedoriginallytofarmers,mechanicsand

miners,theybecamethegarb（月艮装）ofchoiceforWesternhorsemen.Itwasn,tlong

beforesomecelebritiesJohnWayneandClarkGablewerewearingthemintovarious

shows,followedbyrebelsplayedbyMarlonBrandoandJamesDean.

Thebrand'sadvertisingrodethecountercultural（反主流文化）wave,usingits

statusasabadgeofcoolnessandfreedom.MarilynMonroeworeLeviJs;AndyWarhol

popularizedthem.Jeansthatgracedmanyfamousfigures—includingPattiSmith,

MadonnaandBeyonce---fillthegalleryandspanthedecades.

4.WhatdoestheauthorsayaboutteenageStrauss?

A.Hewasbusiness-minded.

B.HejoinedtheGoldRush.

C.Hewasindependentofhisfamily.

D.Heseemedunaffectedbyanti-Semitism.

5.WhatwasJacobDavis，contribution?

A.HetransferredhispatenttoStrauss.

B.HeimprovedtheclothpurchasedfromStrauss.

C.HehelpedwithmarketinginLeviStrauss&Co.

D.HetalkedStraussintoproducingready-madeclothes.

6.WhatcanbelearnedaboutLevi's501jeans?

A.TheywereoriginallysoldtoWesternhorsemen.

B.Theywereconstantlyinlinewiththedominantculture.

C.Theyshiftedfrombeingfunctionaltobeingdecorative.

D.Theyfirsthadacoldwelcomefromentertainmentworkers.

7.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.ThehistoryofLevi'sjeans.

B.Thechangesofpopularculture.

C.TherebellionofaBavarianboy.

1）.TheAmericanstylereflectedinjeans.

【答案】4.A5.D6.C7.A

【解析】

这是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了Strauss的成功和其品牌李维斯牛仔裤的历史。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第一段“HewasborninaBavarianvillagein1829,runningaway

fromanti-Semitism（反犹太主义）withhisfamilyat17.FromNewYork,hecaughta

steamertoCalifornia,anewlymintedAmericancitizen,withaviewtoexpanding

thefamilyJsdrygoodsbusiness.ButtheseweretheexcitingdaysoftheGoldRush,

andtheyoungmandreamedofmakingitbig.”（1829年,他出生在巴伐利亚的一个村

庄，17岁时，，他和家人为了躲避反犹太主义而离家出走。从纽约，他坐上了一艘轮船去了

加利福尼亚，他是一个刚刚成为美国公民的人，想要扩大家族的干货生意。但那是淘金热的

激动人心的日子，这个年轻人梦想着要出人头地。）可推知，青年时期的Strauss有商业头

脑。故选A。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据文章第二段“TheideacamefromatailornamedJacobDavisinNevada

whoboughtclothfromStrausstomakeworkclothesforlaborers.In1872,JacobDavis

persuadedhimtojointlyfileforapatentforanimprovementinfasteningpocket

openings”,andtoshiftfromsellingfabrictofinishedtrousers.（这个想法来

自内华达州一个名叫雅各布・戴维斯的裁缝，他从施特劳斯那里购买布料，为劳动者制作工

作服。1872年,雅各布•戴维斯（JacobDavis）说服他共同为“加固口袋开口的改进”申请

专利，并将销售布料转变为成品裤子。）可知，他说服Strauss生产成衣。故选D。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据文章第四段"Levi's501jeansweretough.Marketedoriginallyto

farmers,mechanicsandminers,theybecamethegarbofchoiceforWesternhorsemen.

Itwasn,tlongbeforesomecelebritiesJohnWayneandClarkGablewerewearingthem

intovariousshows,followedbyrebelsplayedbyMarlonBrandoandJamesDean.”

（李维斯的501牛仔裤很结实。它们最初面向农民、机械师和矿工销售，后来成为西方骑士

的首选服装。不久之后，一些名人约翰-韦恩和克拉克•盖博就穿着它们参加了各种各样的

演出，马龙•白兰度和詹姆斯•迪恩饰演的叛军也紧随其后。）可知，李维斯的501牛仔裤

从功能性转变为装饰性服装。故选C。

7题详解】

主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“Hisinitiativepaidoffsowellthatyoumaybewearing

hisinventionnow:hisnamewasLeviStrauss.w（他的创举带来了丰厚的回报，你现

在可能正穿着他的发明：他的名字叫李维斯•斯特劳斯。）、第二段“Thenfollowsahistory

ofmarketinggenius---documentedinthelargest-everpublicdisplayofartefacts（手

工制品）fromLeviStrauss&Co."（接下来是一段营销天才的历史李维斯公司（Levi

Strauss&Co.）有史以来规模最大的艺术品公开展览记录了这段历史。）、第三段“Levi

Strauss:AHistoryofAmericanStyle“attheContemporaryJewishMuseuminSan

Franciscoweavestogethercorporate,culturalandsocialtrendstotellthestory

ofoneofthecountry?smostfamousexports.（旧金山当代犹太博物馆举办的“列维•施

特劳斯:美国风格的历史”展览，将企业、文化和社会趋势结合在一起，讲述了美国最著名

的出口产品之一的故事。）、第四段"Levi's501jeansweretough."（李维斯的501牛

仔裤很结实。）可知，文章主要介绍了Strauss的成功和其品牌李维斯牛仔裤的历史。由此

可知,A项：ThehistoryofLevi，sjeans.（李维斯牛仔裤的历史。）是最合适的标题。

故选Ao

c

SinceappslikeUberandLyftcameonthescene,ridesharingserviceshave

dramaticallychangedthewaypeoplegetaround.AnewstudyoutofColumbia

Universityrevealsadownsideoftheseservices.Itturnsoutthatridesharingtrips

causeanincreaseinthenumberofaccidentsinvolvingmotoristsandpedestrians

atpick-upanddrop-offlocations.

Previousstudiesontherelationshipbetweenridesharingservicesandvehicle

crashescomparecitieswhereridesharingservicesareavailablewithcitieswhere

theyarenot,andthismakesresultssomewhatambiguous.Inthisstudyresearchers

analyzeindividualtripstomakethepicturealittleclearer.

Researchersanalyzeddatafrom372millionridesharingtripsinNewYorkCity

between2017and2018.Wheneveracrashoccurredinthecity,theycalculatedthe

numberofridesharingtripsthatbeganorendedintheareaatthetimeoftheaccident.

Theycomparedthiswiththenumberoftripsthattookplaceinthesamelocation

oneweekbeforeandoneweekafterthecrash.Researchersdidthesamecalculations

forregulartaxiridesaspartoftheiranalyses.Also,separateanalyseswere

performedbasedonthetypeofpeopleinjuredinthecrash:pedestrians,motorists

orcyclists.

Theresultsoftheanalysesshowthattheriseinridesharingtripsisassociated

withanincreaseinthenumberofaccidentsinvolvingpedestriansandmotorists,

butnotcyclists.Furthermore,theydidnotfindthissameassociationbetweentaxi

tripsandaccidents.

^Ridesharingischangingthewaywemovearoundcities.”saysfirstauthor

ChristopherMorrison."Itisbecomingclearthatthetechnologyreduces

alcohol-relatedcrashes,butthesebenefitsdonotseemtoextendtotheoverall

numberofcrashes.Thesefindingshelpexplainwhythatmightbe----becausethe

reductionsinalcohol-relatedcrashesareoffset（抵消）byincreasesinothertypes

ofcrashes.

Researchershopethatcitiesandridesharingserviceswillusetheresultsof

thisstudytotakemeasuresthatmightreducethenumberofcrashes."Incrowded

areaswithlargenumbersofridesharepick-upsanddrop-offs,citiescouldconsider

buildingtaxi-rankstyleinfrastructure(基石出设施)toprotectpedestriansand

preventcrashes,“concludesMorrison.

8.Whatdoweknowaboutpreviousstudiesonridesharingservices?

A.Theiranalysisishardlyreliable.

B.Theirfindingsareratherridiculous.

C.Theirresearchmethodisout-of-date.

D.Theirresearchsampleisnotwideenough.

9.Whatdoesthesurveytellus?

A.Theincreaseinridesharingtripscanleadtoanincreaseinaccidentsbetween

cyclistsandpedestrians.

B.Whenthereisahighnumberofridesharingtrips,thereisusuallyanincrease

inthenumberofaccidents.

C.Ridesharingischangingthewaywemovearoundcities.

1).Cyclistsarealwayssafe.

10Whatfactdoestheunderlinedword“that"inParagraph5referto?

A.Ridesharingreducesalcohol-relatedcrashes.

B.Ridesharingdoesn'tincreaseaccidentsinvolvingcyclists.

C.Varioustypesofcrashesincreasewithridesharingservices.

D.Overallcrashesdon,tdecreasealongwithalcohol-relatedcrashes.

11.WhatdoesMorrisonsuggestinthelastparagraph?

A.Improvinginfrastructuretoexpandtaxiservices.

B.Banningridesharingservicesincrowdedplaces.

C.Constructingsomestopsforridesharingvehicles.

1).Reducingthenumberofpick-upsanddrop-offs.

【答案】8.A9.B10.D11.C

【解析】

这是一篇议论文。文章谈论了拼车服务带来的负面影响，并给出一些解决建议。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段中uPreviousstudiesontherelationshipbetweenridesharing

servicesandvehiclecrashescomparecitieswhereridesharingservicesareavailable

withcitieswheretheyarenot,andthismakesresultssomewhatambiguous.Inthis

studyresearchersanalyzeindividualtripstomakethepicturealittleclearer.”

（以前对于拼车服务和车祸之间关系的研究比较了有拼车服务的城市和没有这种服务的城

市，这使得结果有些模糊。）可知，以前关于拼车服务的研究的结果是模糊的，他们的分析

几乎不可靠。故选A项。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第四段中“Theresultsoftheanalysesshowthattherisein

ridesharingtripsisassociatedwithanincreaseinthenumberofaccidentsinvolving

pedestriansandmotorists,butnotcyclists.（分析结果表明，拼车出行的增加与

涉及行人和驾车者的事故数量的增加有关，而与骑自行车者无关。）可知，当有高数量的拼

车旅行时，通常会增加事故的数量。故选B项。

【10题详解】

词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段中ChristopherMorrison所说“Itisbecomingclearthat

thetechnologyreducesalcohol-relatedcrashes,butthesebenefitsdonotseemto

extendtotheoverallnumberofcrashes.（越来越清楚的是，这项技术减少了与酒精

相关的撞车事故，但这些好处似乎并没有扩大到撞车事故的总数。）可知，撞车事故的总数

并没有随着酒精相关撞车事故的减少而减少。所以uThesefindingshelpexplainwhythat

mightbe…”中的that就是代指前文“总体撞车率不会随着酒精相关撞车率的降低而降

低。”故选D项。

【11题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段Morrison所说"Incrowdedareaswithlargenumbersof

ridesharepick-upsanddrop-offs,citiescouldconsiderbuildingtaxi-rankstyle

infrastructure（基石出设施）toprotectpedestriansandpreventcrashes.（在有大

量拼车接送的拥挤地区，城市可以考虑修建出租车级的基础设施，以保护行人，防止撞车。）

可知，在最后一段Morrison建议在拼车接送的地方，建造一些拼车站点。故选C项。

D

Aftertheseasonforgiving,itistheoneforthrowingaway.Eachyearinlate

DecemberandearlyJanuaryamassiveamountofplasticpackagingisdiscarded（丢

弃）worldwide.InBritainalonehouseholdsgenerate30%morewaste,anextra3m

tonnes,inthemonthoverChristmas.Mostisdestinedforlandfill.Lithuaniawill

dolessdamagethanmany,though.Thecountrynowrecyclesatarecordlevel.Almost

three-quarters（74%）ofplasticpackagingwastewasrecycledtherein2017,the

highestproportioninEurope.

MuchofLithuania'ssuccessisduetoadepositrefundscheme（方案）.Customers

pay€0.10extrawhenbuyingdrinkscontainers.Afteruse,thesecanbefedinto

reversevendingmachines（反向自动售货机）installedinshops,whichspitthedeposit

backout.Themachines'contentsaresentdirectlytorecyclingcenters.Bythe

endof2017,92%ofallbottlesandcanssoldinLithuaniawerebeingreturned.The

overallplasticpackagingrecyclingrateincreasedbyalmost20%.

TheLithuaniangovernmentsaystheschemehasfueledapotentiallovefor

recyclinginitscitizens.Nearly90%ofLithuanianshaveusedthemachinesatleast

once.However,Lithuaniansdonotgenerallydescribethemselvesaseco-fighters.

A2017surveybytheEuropeanCommissionfoundtheywerelesslikelythanmostother

Europeanstoregardenvironmentalissuesasuveryimportant”.

TheeagernessofLithuanianrecyclersmaystemnotfromaloveoftheEarthbut

fromalownetworth（资本净值）.Atenthofthepopulationliveonlessthan€245

amonth.Inbigcitiesitiscommontoseepeoplescoopingrecyclableitemsoutof

binstotaketothemachines.

Lesslitterandmoneyforpeoplewhoneeditseemslikeawin-win.Butitmight

notinfactbebestfortheenvironmentinthelongrun.InGermany----whereasimilar,

widelyusedrefunddepositschemehasbeeninplacesince2003—theearningsfrom

keepingthedepositsfromunreturnedbottlesseemtohavediscouragedproducersfrom

switchingtomoresustainablepackaging.

12.WhatmightmostLithuaniancustomersdounderthedepositrefundscheme?

A.Theysendtheirdrinkscontainersdirectlytorecyclingcenters.

B.TheyspendmoreondrinksthanotherEuropeancustomers.

C.Theyreturntheiruseddrinkscontainers.

D.Theyusevendingmachinestobuydrinks.

13.Whatdidthe2017surveyfindout?

A.Lithuaniabeatmanycountriesinplasticrecycling.

B.Lithuanianswerelessawareofenvironmentalconservation.

C.Lithuaniansmademuchmoneyfromrecycling.

D.Lithuaniahadanunequalincomedistribution.

14.Whatistheauthor*sattitudetothedepositrefundscheme?

A.Positive.B.Unfavorable.

C.Ambiguous.D.Uninterested.

15.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?

A.HowandwhyLithuaniansrecycletheirtrash.

B.HowwasteturnsintotreasureinLithuania

C.WhoarerecyclingplasticbottlesinLithuania

D.WhereLithuaniansthrowawaytheirplasticpackaging

【答案】12.C13.B14.B15.A

【解析】

这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了立陶宛政府在垃圾回收方面制定的计划，以及立陶宛人愿

意实施这一计划的原因以及如何进行的垃圾回收。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段的“MuchofLithuania'ssuccessisduetoadepositrefund

scheme（方案）.Customerspay€0.10extrawhenbuyingdrinkscontainers.Afteruse,

thesecanbefedintoreversevendingmachines（反向自动售货机）installedinshops,

whichspitthedepositbackout."（立陶宛的成功很大程度上归功于押金退款计划。

顾客在购买饮料容器时需额外支付0.10欧元。使用后，这些可以被送入安装在商店里的反

向自动售货机，自动售货机将押金吐出来）可知，在押金退款计划下，大多数立陶宛消费者

会退回他们用过的饮料容器。故选C项。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段中的“A2017surveybytheEuropeanCommissionfoundtheywere

lesslikelythanmostotherEuropeanstoregardenvironmentalissuesas'very

important'（欧盟委员会2017年的一项调查发现，与大多数其他欧洲人相比，他们认

为环境问题“非常重要”的可能性较小）可知，2017年的调查发现立陶宛人对环境保护的

意识较低。故选B项。

【14题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Lesslitterandmoneyforpeoplewhoneeditseemslike

awin-win.Butitmightnotinfactbebestfortheenvironmentinthelongrun.”

（减少垃圾和钱对于需要的人来说似乎是双赢的。但事实上，从长远来看，这并不是对环境

最有利的）可知，笔者对退押金计划持一种不支持的态度。故选B项。

【15题详解】

主旨大意题。根据全文可知，文章第一段介绍了立陶宛实施垃圾回收的背景，第二段介绍该

国政府制定的垃圾回收方案，第三段介绍了该国人民实行垃圾回收的意愿，第四段介绍了他

们进行垃圾回收的原因。即本文主要由垃圾回收问题引出了立陶宛政府在垃圾回收方面制定

的计戈U,以及立陶宛人愿意实施这一计划的原因以及如何进行垃圾回收。因此本文重点在于

陶宛人如何以及为什么回收他们的垃圾。故选A项。

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选

项。

HaveyoueverhadachatwithSiri?DoyouaskGoogletoplayyourfavoritesong?

HaveyoueverhadAlexaorderapizzafordinner?16

Voiceassistantsareprogramsondigitaldevicesthatlistenandrespondto

verbal（口头的）commands.Userscansay,"What'stheweatherlike?”andthevoice

assistantwillanswerwiththeweatherreportforthatdayandlocation.Theycould

say,“Tellmeastory,“andtheassistantwilljumpintoatale.Buthowdovoice

assistantsunderstandus?Acomplexsystemofcodes?Anactualpersonlisteningon

theotherend?17

Itallstartswithasignalword.Haveyouevercalledafriend,snametoget

theirattention?Userssaythenamesoftheirvoiceassistantsforthesamereason.

Theymightsay.〃HeySiri!〃orsimply,“Alexa!〃18Itsignalstothevoice

assistantthatitshouldbeginpayingattention.

Afterthevoiceassistanthearsitssignalword,itstartsrecording.Thedevice

waitsforapausetoknowyou'vefinishedyourrequest.Itthensendsyourrecorded

requestovertheInternettoitsdatabase.Onceinthedatabase,yourrequestis

comparedtootherrequests.19Thedatabasethensendsthesecommands

backtothevoiceassistant.Onceitreceivesthecommands,thevoiceassistantknows

whattodonext.

Voiceassistantsareimprovingallthetime.Haveyoueveraskedavoice

assistantforsomethingandreceivedresultsyoudidn'texpect?20That

teachesthedevicethatthecommanditreceivedfromitsdatabasewaswrong.It

communicatesthatwiththedatabaseandtriestodobetternexttime.

A.Thebattleforvoiceassistantmarketshareisfierce.

B.Whateverthesignalwordis,itwakesupthedevice.

C.Theanswerislesscomplicatedthanyoumightthink.

D.Voiceassistantsareinsidesmartspeakersinourhomes.

E.Eachtimethishappens,thevoiceassistantlearnsfromitsmistake.

F.Today'svoiceassistantscanhelpyououtwithjustaboutanything.

G.It，ssplitintoseparatecommandsyourvoiceassistantcanunderstand.

【答案】16.F17.C18.B19.G20.E

【解析】

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了语音助手的工作原理。

【16题详解】

根据前文“HaveyoueverhadachatwithSiri?DoyouaskGoogletoplayyourfavorite

song?HaveyoueverhadAlexaorderapizzafordinner?（伪〈总艮Siri聊过吗??（尔让谷

歌播放你最喜欢的歌曲吗?你有没有让Alexa点披萨当晚餐?）”可知，语音助理可以帮助做

很多事情，正好引出下文的内容。下文说语音助理是如何帮助我们做事情的。所以选择项

F"Today'svoiceassistantscanhelpyououtwithjustaboutanything.（今天的语

音助手几乎可以帮助你解决任何问题。"'符合上下文语境。故选F。

【17题详解】

根据上文“Buthowdovoiceassistantsunderstandus?Acomplexsystemofcodes?An

actualpersonlisteningontheotherend?（但是语音助手是如何理解我们的呢？一套复

杂的密码系统?一个真实的人在电话那头听吗?）”可知，下面是对这一系列问题的回答。所

以选择项C"Theanswerislesscomplicatedthanyoumightthink.（答案并没有你想

象的那么复杂。）”符合上下文语境。故选C。

【18题详解】

根据本段首句"Itallstartswithasignalword.（这一切都始于一个信号词。）”和整

个段落可知，本段都在说信号。所以选择项B“Whateverthesignalwordis,itwakesup

thedevice.（不管信号字是什么，