2023学年完整公开课版Book4Module4Grammar

Module4GreatScientistsGrammar1.Learnthepassivevoiceandtheformby+-ing.2.Mastertheusageofpassivevoiceandtheformby+-ing.Completethesentencesusingtheverbsinbrackets.Asaboyhe____________(educate)inmanyschools.He__________(give)thenickname,“thestudentwhoasksquestions”.3.Theresultsofhisexperiments_____________(publish)inChinain1966.4.Finally,in1970anatuallysterilemalericeplant_____________(discover).5.50thousandsquarekilometresofricefields______________(convert)togrowingvegetables.6.Followingthis,YuanLongping’srice____________(export)toothercountries.waseducatedwasgivenwerepublishedwasdiscoveredwereconvertedwasexportedGrammar1PassiveVoice一、被动语态被动语态表示主语为动作的承受者，只有及物动词才有被动语态，被动语态由“be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。Observation:1．各种时态的被动语态的构成(1)一般现在时被动语态Knivesareusedforcuttingthings.刀子是用来切东西的。ArecorderisusedinourEnglishclasseveryday.一般现在时：S(主语）+am/is/are+过去分词(2)一般过去时被动语态Anewshopwasbuiltlastyear.去年建起了一家新商店。Tencomputerswereboughtlastterm.一般过去时：S+was/were+过去分词(3)一般将来时被动语态Moretreeswillbeplantednextyear.明年要栽更多的树。Theworkwillbefinishedintendays.一般将来时：S+will+be+过去分词(4)现在进行时被动语态Mywatchisbeingrepairedbyhim.我的表正在由他修理。Theroomsarebeingpaintedbysomeworkersnow.现在进行时：

S+am/is/are+being+过去分词(5)过去进行时被动语态：Themanwasbeingquestionedbythepolice.那个人正在被警察问讯。过去进行时:S+was/were＋being＋done(6)现在完成时被动语态：Alltheworkhasbeendonenow.所有的工作现在都做好了。现在完成时:S+has/havebeen＋done(7)过去完成时被动语态：Theyhadbeenwarnedmanytimesbeforetheycarriedouttheplan.在执行计划之前他们已经被警告过多次了。过去完成时:S+hadbeen＋done(8)将来完成时被动语态：Thisoilfieldwillhavebeenopenedbytheendofnextmonth.到下个月月底，这块油田将会被开采。将来完成时:will/shallhavebeendone(9)含有情态动词的被动语态：Somethingmustbedonetostoptheseaccidents.必须采取某种措施以防止这些事故。含有情态动词:S+情态动词＋be＋done现在时过去时将来时过去将来时一般式+done+done+doneshould/would+bedone进行式+done+done完成式+done+donewill/shall+havebeendoneshould/would+havebeendoneam/is/arewas/werewillbeam/is/are+beingwas/were+beinghave/hasbeen

hadbeen被动语态的时态变化Observation：Arethereanydifferencesbetweenthetwogroupsofsentences?give,show,hand,send,pay,lend,pass,tell,write,bring,sell,offer,cause,wish,teach,buy等常接双宾语,变被动语态时应考虑加上介词for或to。Hetoldheralongstory.

She

alongstory.

Alongstory

her.Motherboughtmeanewcoat.

I

anewcoat.

Anewcoat

me.wastoldwastoldtowasboughtwasboughtfor主语+系动词+adj.构成主系表结构，主动表被动。某些和well,easily等副词连用的不及物动词,如read,wash,sell,clean,cook,close,cost,lock,look,open,write,wear等，常用主动表被动。

1.Theflowers

sweet.(smell)

2.Thefood

nice.(taste)

3.That

verygood.(sound)

4.Silk

soft.(feel)

5.Thecloth

well.(wash)

6.Thepoem

smoothly.(read)

7.Thiskindofrice

morequicklythanthatkind.(cook)

8.Thisbook

well.(sell)smelltastessoundsfeelswashesreadscookssells3.want,need,require

等表示“需要”这层意思时，其后要用动名词的主动形式表达被动的意义。即want/need/requiredoing=want/need/requiretobedone.Theflowersneed

.=Theflowersneed

.这些花需要浇水。Thebabyrequires

.=Thebabyrequires

.这个小孩需要照顾。4.beworthdoing表示“值得做……”时，其后的动名词用主动形式表达被动的意义。

Theartexhibition

asecondtime.这个艺术展很值得再看一次。wateringtobewateredlookingaftertobelookedafteriswellworthvisiting

介词“by”与名词，代词或动词-ing连用，在句中作状语。用法例句by与名词、代词连用，译为“被……”，常用于被动语态动词之后，引出动作的发出者by与动词-ing连用，译为“通过……”。表示某种方式Grammar2by+-ingformThesnowwasclearedawaybythestudents.Iwasattackedbyadog.Hecouldproducemorericebycrossingtwodifferentplants.Youcangetintouchwithher

ane-mail.你可以发电子邮件和她取得联系。YoucanimproveyourEnglish

aloudinthemorning.你可以通过早上大声朗读的方式来提高英语水平。注意:by表示方式时，后面也可跟名词作宾语，但该名词前通常不用冠词。Canyoucontacther

?你能通过电话与她取得联系吗？Youmaypay___________.你可以用支票付款。bysendingbyreading

bytelephonebycheque1.Thepassivevoice2.Theby+v.-ingformCompletethesentencesusingtheverbsgiven.discoverproducegrowmake

1.Thesecomputers_____________inAmerica.

2.Rice_______________inChinaforthousandsofyears.

3.Theseelectronicgames_______________inJapan.

4.Anew