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2010年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英

语翻译基础考研真题及详解

2011年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英

语翻译基础考研真题及详解

2012年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英

语翻译基础考研真题及详解

2013年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英

语翻译基础考研真题及详解

2014年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英

语翻译基础考研真题及详解

2015年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英

语翻译基础考研真题及详解

2010年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解

一、词语翻译

I.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese:(15ps)

1.deoxyribonucleicacid

【答案】脱氧核糖核酸(DNA)

2.forcemajeure

【答案】不可抗力

3.carbondioxide

【答案】二氧化碳

4.magicrealism

【答案】魔幻现实主义

5.OED

【答案】军械工程处(OrdnanceEngineeringDivision)

6.theAPECCEOSummit

【答案】亚太经合组织工商领导人峰会

7.UNFCCC

【答案】联合国气候变化框架公约(TheUnitedNationsFramework

ConventiononClimateChange)

8.OntheOriginofSpecies

【答案】《物种起源》

9.multipolarity

【答案】多极化

10.ecocriticism

【答案】生态批评

11.thrillerfilm

【答案】惊悚片

12.FOB

【答案】离岸价格(freeonboard)

13.optimizeeconomicstructure

【答案】优化经济结构

14.overallrevitalization

【答案】全面振兴

15.SiliconValley

【答案】硅谷

II.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish(15ps)

1.白条

【答案】blanknote

2.共赢

【答案】win-win

3.硕士点

【答案】masterdegreeprogram

4.钉子户

【答案】nailhousehold

5.次贷危机

【答案】subprimecrisis

6.金砖四国

【答案】BRIC(BrazilRussiaIndiaChina)

7.亲子鉴定

【答案】paternitytesting

8.打黑除恶

【答案】crimecrackdown

9.整顿小煤矿

【答案】rectifysmallcoal-mines

10.中国大陆

【答案】mainlandChina

11.教师休息室

【答案】Teachers’lounge

12.混合动力汽车

【答案】hybridelectricvehicle

13.四项基本原则

【答案】fourfundamentalprinciples

14.发展是硬道理

【答案】developmentisofoverridingimportance

15.社会主义和谐社会

【答案】harmonioussocialistsociety

二、外汉互译

III.TranslatetheunderlinedpartintoChinese.

Manwasthelasttocomebutthefirsttousehisbrainforthepurposeof

conqueringtheforcesofnature.Thatisthereasonwhywearegoingtostudy

him,ratherthancatsordogsorhorsesofotheranimals,who,allintheirown

way,haveaveryinterestinghistoricaldevelopmentbehindthem.

Inthebeginning,theplanetuponwhichwelivewas(asfaraswenowknow)

alargeballofflamingmatter,atinycloudofsmokeintheendlessoceanof

space.Gradually,inthecourseofmillionsofyears,thesurfaceburneditself

out,andwascoveredwithathinlayerofrocks.Upontheselifelessrocksthe

raindescendedinendlesstorrents,wearingoutthehardgraniteandcarrying

thedusttothevalleysthatlayhiddenbetweenthehighcliffsofthesteaming

earth.Finally,thehourcamewhenthesunbrokethroughthecloudsandsaw

howthislittleplanetwascoveredwithafewsmallpuddleswhichwereto

developintothemightyoceansoftheeasternandwesternhemisphere.

Thenonedaythegreatwonderhappened.Whathadbeendeadgavebirthto

life.Thefireslivingcellfloateduponthewatersofthesea.Formillionsof

yearsitdriftedaimlesslywiththecurrents.Butduringallthattimeitwas

developingcertainhabitsthatitmightsurvivemoreeasilyuponthe

inhospitableearth.Someofthesecellswerehappiestinthedarkdepthofthe

lakesandthepools.Theytookrootintheslimysedimentswhichhadbeen

carrieddownfromthetopsofthehillsandtheybecameplants.Others

preferredtomoveaboutandtheygrewstrangejointedlegs,likescorpions

andbegantocrawlalongthebottomoftheseaamidsttheplantsandthepale

greenthingsthatlookedlikejelly-fishes.Stillothers(coveredwithscales)

dependeduponaswimmingmotiontogofromplacetoplaceintheirsearch

forfood,andgraduallytheypopulatedtheoceanwithmyriadsoffishes.

Meanwhiletheplantshadincreasedinnumberandtheyhadtosearchfornew

dwellingplaces.Therewasnomoreroomforthemattherandomofthesea.

Reluctantlytheyleftthewaterandmadeanewhomeinthemarshesandon

themud-banksthatlayatthefootofthemountains.Twiceadaythetidesof

theoceancoveredthemwiththeirbrine.Fortherestofthetime,theplants

madethebestoftheiruncomfortablesituationandtriedtosurviveinthethin

airwhichsurroundedthesurfaceoftheplanet.Aftercenturiesoftraining,

theylearnedhowtoliveascomfortablyintheairastheyhaddoneinthe

water.Theyincreasedinsizeandbecameshrubsandtreesandatlastthey

learnedhowtogrowlovelyflowerswhichattractedtheattentionofthebusy

bighumble-beesandthebirdswhocarriedtheseedsfarandwideuntilthe

wholeearthhadbecomecoveredwithgreenpastures,orlaydarkunderthe

shadowofthebigtrees.Butsomeofthefishestoohadbeguntoleavethe

sea,andtheyhadlearnedhowtobreathewithlungsaswellaswithgills.We

callsuchcreaturesamphibious,whichmeansthattheyareabletolivewith

equaleaseonthelandandinthewater.Thefirstfrogwhocrossesyourpath

cantellyouaboutthepleasuresofthedoubleexistenceoftheamphibian.

【参考译文】

起初,我们生活的星球(就我们现有认知程度看来)是一颗巨大的火

球,是无垠空间中一团微不足道的云雾。在几百万年间,地球表面渐渐

燃尽,覆盖上了一层薄薄的岩层。雨水的激流不停地冲刷这些无生命的

岩石,磨损了坚硬的花岗岩,将尘埃带进热气蒸腾的峭壁之间。最后的

时刻终于来临,太阳穿透云层,眼看这颗小星球上的若干水坑如何发展

成东西半球的大洋。

然后有一天,伟大的奇迹出现了,死气沉沉的地方开始出现生命。最初

的活细胞漂浮在海面上。几百万年间,它漫无目的地随波逐流。但它在

此期间形成了一些习性,让它在荒凉的大地上更易于生存。一些细胞喜

欢呆在湖泊和水池黑暗的深处。它们在从山顶滑落的粘稠沉积物中扎

根,并演变成植物。另一些细胞喜欢四处移动。它们长出像蝎子一样的

奇怪节肢,在海底植物和像水母一样的淡绿色物体之间爬行。还有一些

(覆有鳞片的)细胞从一处游到另一处寻觅食物,渐渐进化为海洋中随

处可见的鱼类。

与此同时,植物的数量增加了,它们不得不寻找新住所。海底已经没有

多余的地方留给它们了。它们极不情愿地离开海水,在沼泽和山脚的泥

滩中建造了新居。每天两次的潮汐为它们提供盐水。剩下的时间里,这

些植物努力适应不舒服的新环境,试着在地球表面稀薄的空气里生存下

去。经过几个世纪的训练,他们学会了如何在空气里舒适地生活,就

像曾经在水中生活一样。它们体型变大,演化成灌木和乔木。最终,它

们学会了如何长出可爱的花朵,吸引繁忙的大黄蜂和鸟类,让它们把种

子带往辽阔的远方,直至绿色的草原和大树的浓荫遍布整个地球。

IV.将下面二段中文准确、得体地译成汉语。(60分)

集藏者,集而藏之者也。集与藏并不是相同的概念。集在先,藏在后。

集,重在数量之繁复;藏,贵在时间之恒久。两者既相互又联结,又相

互渗透,形成了一种文化形态。古今中外都有集藏活动,他随着时代的

推进而逐步走向丰富多彩,引人入胜。这正反映了文明进步与社会多层

次文化发展的一个侧面。

一个胜任的翻译家应该同时从事些研究工作,对所译作者的生平及思想

应有一定的了解。我倾向把翻译家分为两类。一是即兴的(或打游击式

的)翻译家,另一类是阵地翻译家,他们往往以毕生精力系统地翻译一

两位外国作家的著作,如翻译潘家洵至于易卜生,傅雷之于巴尔扎克以

及汝龙之于契诃夫。这类翻译家往往在翻译之余,也从事研究工作。

【参考译文】

Collecting-keepingmeanscollectingsomethingandthenkeepit.Collecting

andkeepingarenotthesameconception.Collectingcomesbeforekeeping.

Speakingofcollecting,themostimportantthingisquantity;ofkeeping,long-

lasting.Theyarerelativelyindependentandmeanwhileinfiltratedwitheach

other.Asaresult,theyformedanewculturalpattern.Thereareallsortsof

collecting-keepingactivitiesatalltimesandinallcountries,whichare

gettingmoreandmorecolorfulandabsorbingwithtimegoesby.Itreflects

oneaspectoftheprogressofhumancivilizationandthemulti-levelsocial

andculturaldevelopment.

Acompetenttranslatorshoulddosomeresearchwhiletranslating,heshould

knowsomethingofthelifeandthoughtoftheauthor.I’dliketodivide

translatorintotwocategories:oneisimpromptuorguerrillastyletranslator,

theotheris“position”translator.Thelatteroftentendstohavelife-longeffort

tosystematicallytranslatetheworksofoneortwoforeignauthors,suchas

PanJiaxuntoIbsen,FuLeitoBalzacandRuLongtoChekov.Besides

translating,thiskindoftranslatorsoftendoesresearch.

2011年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解

I.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese:(15ps)

1.Dieseloil

【答案】柴油

2.borderfence

【答案】边境围栏

3.oddnumber

【答案】奇数

4.lyricalpoem

【答案】抒情诗

5.cognitivepsychology

【答案】认知心理学

6.UNESCO

【答案】联合国教科文组织

7.WTO

【答案】世界贸易组织

8.AMidsummerNight’sDream

【答案】仲夏夜之梦

9.Tradeshow

【答案】展销会

10.environmentaljustice

【答案】环境正义

11.inversetranslation

【答案】逆向翻译

12.CIF

【答案】到岸价格

13.BlackEurope

【答案】黑欧洲

14.symphonyorchestra

【答案】交响乐团

15.ArmisticeDay

【答案】停战日

II.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish:(15ps)

1.东盟

【答案】ASEAN

2.残奥会

【答案】TheParalympicGames

3.廉租房

【答案】Low-rentHouses

4.钓鱼岛

【答案】DiaoyuIsland

5.公务用车

【答案】governmentcar

6.不可抗力

【答案】ActofGod

7.论文答辩

【答案】(thesis)oraldefense

8.再生能源

【答案】renewablesourcesofenergy

9.人均排放

【答案】Percapitaemissions

10.实体经济

【答案】therealeconomy

11.第三产业

【答案】tertiaryindustry

12.包容性增长

【答案】inclusivegrowth

13.野生动物园

【答案】safaripark

14.(世博会之)展馆

【答案】Exhibitionhall

15.《与台湾关系法》(美国)

【答案】TaiwanRelationsAct

III.TranslatetheunderlinedpartintoChinese:(60ps)

AndthenwehaveMajorWeir;foralthoughevenhishouseisnow

demolished,oldEdinburghcannotclearherselfofhisunholymemory.He

andhissisterlivedtogetherinanodourofsourpiety.Shewasamarvelous

spinster;hehadararegiftofsupplication,andwasknownamongdevout

admirersbythenameofAngelicalThomas.Hewasatall,blackman,and

ordinarilylookeddowntotheground;agrimcountenance,andabignose.

Hisgarbwasstillacloak,andsomewhatdark,andheneverwentwithouthis

staff.HowitcameaboutthatAngelicalThomaswasburnedincompanywith

hisstaff,andhissisteringentlermannerhanged,andwhetherthesetwowere

simplyreligiousmaniacsofthemorefuriousorder,orhadrealaswellas

imaginarysinsupontheirold-worldshoulders,arepointshappilybeyondthe

reachofourintention.Atleast,itissuitableenoughthatoutofthis

superstitiouscitysomesuchexampleshouldhavebeenputforth:the

outcomeandlineflowerofdarkandvehementreligion.Andatleastthefacts

struckthepublicfancyandbroughtfortharemarkablefamilyofmyths.It

wouldappearthattheMajor’sstaffwentuponhiserrands,andevenran

beforehimwithalanternondarknights.Giganticfemales,‘stentoriously

laughingandgapingwithteheesoflaughter’atunseasonablehoursofnight

andmorning,hauntedthepurlieusofhisabode.Hishousefellundersucha

loadofinfamythatnoonedaredtosleepinit,untilmunicipalimprovement

leveledthestructuretotheground.Andmyfatherhasoftenbeentoldinthe

nurseryhowthedevil’scoach,drawnbysixcoal-blackhorseswithfiery

eyes,woulddriveatnightintotheWestBow,andbelatedpeoplemightsee

thedeadMajorthroughtheglasses.

Anotherlegendisthatofthetwomaidensisters.AlegendIamafraiditmay

be,inthemostdiscreditablemeaningoftheterm;orperhapssomething

worse—amereyesterday’sfiction.Butitisastoryofsomevitality,andis

worthyofaplaceintheEdinburghcalendar.Thispairinhabitedasingle

room;fromthefacts,itmusthavebeendouble-bedded;anditmayhavebeen

ofsomedimensions:butwhenallissaid,itwasasingleroom.Hereourtwo

spinstersfellout—onsomepointofcontroversialdivinitybelike(也许):but

felloutsobitterlythattherewasneverawordspokenbetweenthemblackor

whitefromthatdayforward,foilwouldhavethoughttheywouldseparate:

butno;whetherfromlackofmeans,ortheScottishfearofscandal,they

continuedtokeephousetogetherwheretheywere.Achalklinedrawnupon

thefloorseparatedtheirtwodomains;itbisected(切成两部分)thedoorway

andthefireplace,sothateachcouldgooutandin,anddohercooking,

withoutviolatingtheterritoryoftheother.So,foryears,theycoexistedina

hatefulsilence;theirmeals,theirablutions,theirfriendlyvisitors,exposedto

anunfriendlyscrutiny;andatnight,inthedarkwatches,eachcouldhearthe

breathingofherenemy.Neverdidfourwallslookdownuponanuglier

spectaclethanthesesistersrivalinginunsisterliness.Hereisacanvasfor

Hawthornetohaveturnedintoacabinetpicture—hehadaPuritanicvein.

whichwouldhavefittedhimtotreatthisPuritanichorror;hecouldhave

shownthemtousintheirsicknessesandattheirhideoustwindevotions,

thumbingapairofgreatBibles,orprayingaloudforeachother’spenitence

withmarrowy(多髓的,有力的)emphasis;noweach,withkiltedpetticoat,at

herowncornerofthefireonsometempestuousevening;nowsittingeachat

herwindow,lookingoutuponthesummerlandscapeslopingfarbelowthem

towardsthefirth(峡湾)field-pathswheretheyhadwanderedhandinhand;

or,asageandinfirmitygrowuponthemandprolongedtheirtoilettes,and

theirbandsbegantotrembleandtheirheadstonodinvoluntarily,growing

onlythemoresteeledinenmitywithyears;untilonefineday,ataword,a

look,avisitortheapproachofdeath,theirheartswouldmeltandthechalk

boundarybeoversteppedforever.

Alas!Tothosewhoknowtheecclesiasticalhistoryoftherace—themost

perverseandmelancholyinman’sannals—thiswillseemonlyafigureof

muchthatistypicalofScotlandandherhigh-seatedcapitalabovetheForth

—afiguresogrimlyrealisticthatitmaypasswithstrangersforacaricature.

【参考译文】

另外一个传奇是关于两位少女姐妹的。说它是传奇,可能真是对这一词

语“传奇”的糟蹋,甚至更糟——它恐怕也仅是昨日的一个小故事。但这

个故事确有些活力,并值得记录在爱丁堡日历上。这对姐妹住在一间房

里,照实说,房间里应该有两张床,并且床与床之间应该有一定的距

离,但不管怎么说,这也只是一间单人房。或许是对神学问题有争议,

两姐妹吵架了,她们吵得那么凶,从那天起就没有说过一句话。如果你

觉得她俩分开了,你就大错特错了。也许是不知道如何分开,也许是出

于苏格兰式地对流言蜚语的恐惧,他们依然同住在原来那间房。她们用

粉笔在地板上划分出两个区域,并把过道和壁炉也分成两部分,这样,

她们出门进门也好,做饭也好,任何人都不会妨碍到另一个人。就这

样,她们在厌恶中彼此共同生活过了几年。她们彼此用不友善的眼光注

视着对方进餐,洗浴,接待友好来访的朋友;在晚上,在黑乎乎的注视

中,她们又彼此听着自己敌人的呼吸声。两姐妹如此不顾姐妹情意而针

锋相对,没有那间房看到过比这更为丑陋的景象了。本可以通过霍桑用

这张油画转变为一张陈列于室内的小照片——霍桑拥有一张清教的面

纱,这张面纱本能允许他去论述这清教的恐惧;他能够在她们生病之

时,在她们紧紧抓住这种可怕的同胞之情之时,以摆弄《圣经》或互相

大声地强调似的为对方忏悔的方式展现给我们这些;现在,在某个暴风

雨的晚上,她们穿着褶裙,坐在自己壁炉的一角,或各自坐在自己的窗

前,看着夏日的景色滑落到她们曾手牵手走过的峡湾,或在慢慢变老,

慢慢虚弱,慢慢加长裙摆的过程中,在她们衣服的饰带开始颤抖,脑袋

不自禁的点头,随着时间变得越来越僵硬的时候,总之,直到某一天,

一个眼神,一次看望或者是死亡,她们的心将融化,而粉笔标出的界限

也会永远消失。

IV.TranslatethefollowingpartintoEnglish:(60ps)

比起菜谱和京戏,同样不易翻译的还有时下的“套话”。在宁波的一间中

国公司做事的法国人讲了个套话的例子;这家公司成功地为一家造船厂

引进了一套机械设备,在庆功宴上,中方领导致辞:“在局领导的亲切

关怀下,在公司领导亲自指挥下……”外国工程师听了翻译的内容十分

不解,私下里抱怨说:“你们坝导说谎,指挥安装调试的是我。公可领

导只来过一次,同领导根本没露过面。”中国员工解释说:“中国的事情

最好都要和领导挂上钩,这是规矩。”这位洋人在一次事故分析会上,

学起了中国的规矩,发言时用了这样的开场白:“在领导的亲切关怀

下,在公司领导的亲自指挥下……”,全场愕然。做过多年驻外大使的

外交学院院长吴建民先生举过一个例子:谈到中国的改开放,我们

用“全方位,宽领域,多渠道”来描述。这些内容如果按照字面意思翻译

成英文,外国人理解起来就有困难。吴先生说:“中国的话语体系西方

人不太懂,所以要用他们能接受的表达方式才能够沟通。”菜谱也好、

京剧也罢、套话也好,语言的问题通常不在于语言本身,而在于文化差

异。

【参考译文】

ComparedwithmenuandPekingopera,thereisanotherthingwhichis

relativelydifficulttotranslateis“politeformula”.AFrenchman,whoworks

inaChinesecompany,tellssuchaneventabout“politeformula”.Ina

banquettocelebratethesuccessthatthecompanyintroducedasetof

mechanicequipmentforashipyard,theChineseleaderhadaspeech,hesaid,

“withthecareoftheofficeleader,withthedirectionofthecompanyleader

…”.Hearingthetranslationofthespeech,theforeignengineerwasvery

confusedandcomplainedprivately,“yourleaderislying.ItisIwhodirect

thefixingandinstallingwork.Thecompanyleadercametousjustonceand

theofficeleader,heevenneverappears.”

TheChinesestaffexplained,“Itisbettertohaveaconnectionwiththeleader

whendoingthings.Itistherule.”So,nexttimeinaconferenceofanalyzing

accidents,theforeignerlearnedtheChineseruleandusedthisopening,“with

thecareoftheofficeleader,withthedirectionofthecompanyleader…”.All

theaudiencewasastounded.WuJianmin,PresidentofChinaForeignAffairs

Universitywhowaseveranambassadorforyearsgaveanexample.When

mentioningChina’sopeninguppolicy,weusethewords“all-directional,

wide-range,multi-channel”todescribe.Ifwetranslatethesewordsinto

Englishliterary,itisdifficultfortheforeignerstounderstand.

Mr.Wusaid,“ChinesediscoursesystemisnoteasyforWesternersto

understand,soweshouldusewhattheycanunderstandtocommunicate.”No

matteritismenu,Pekingoperaorpoliteformula,theproblemoflanguageis

usuallynotbecauseoflanguageitselfbutthedifferencebetweencultures.

2012年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解

I.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese.(15points)

1.Yogi

【答案】瑜伽修行者

2.SPCA

【答案】动物保护协会

3.GenevaConvention

【答案】日内瓦公约

4.HouseofCommons

【答案】下议院

5.horoscope

【答案】占星术

6.sleepdebt

【答案】睡眠负债(指长期睡眠不足产生的影响)

7.AU

【答案】非洲联盟

8.KualaLumpur

【答案】吉隆坡(马来西亚首都)

9.apotlucksupper

【答案】家常便饭

10.IMF

【答案】国际货币基金组织

11.eye-service

【答案】阳奉阴违的工作(在雇主看着时才干的活;当面勤快而背地偷

懒的帮佣)

12.AClockworkOrange

【答案】发条橘子(电影名)

13.AllSoul’sDay

【答案】万灵节(每年11月2日,一些基督教徒用来缅怀逝去的人的节

日)

14.abusivetranslation

【答案】滥译

15.speakintongues

【答案】使用方言

II.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish.(15points)

1.双赢

【答案】win-win

2.物流

【答案】Logistics

3.裸捐

【答案】all-outdonation

4.醉驾

【答案】drunkdriving

5.辛亥革命

【答案】theRevolutionof1911

6.畅通重庆

【答案】traffic-smoothChongqing

7.二线城市

【答案】second-tiercities

8.家电下乡

【答案】homeappliancesgoingtothecountryside

9.医患纠纷

【答案】doctor-patientdispute

10.面子工程

【答案】vanityprojects

11.人民币汇率

【答案】RMBexchangerate

12.占领华尔街

【答案】OccupyWallStreet

13.叙利亚危机

【答案】Syriacrisis

14.中国农村扶贫

【答案】China’sruralpovertyalleviation

15.保障性安居工程

【答案】government-subsidizedhousing

III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.(60Points)

Laurielayluxuriouslyswingingtoandfroinhishammockonewarm

Septemberafternoon,wonderingwhathisneighborswereabout,buttoolazy

togoandfindout.Hewasinoneofhismoods,forthedayhadbeenboth

unprofitableandunsatisfactory,andhewaswishinghecouldliveitover

again.Thehotweathermadehimindolent,andhehadshirkedhisstudies,

triedMr.Brooke’spatiencetotheutmost,displeasedhisgrandfatherby

practicinghalftheafternoon,frightenedthemaidservantshalfoutoftheir

witsbymischievouslyhintingthatoneofhisdogswasgoingmad,and,after

highwordswiththestablemanaboutsomefanciedneglectofhishorse,he

hadflunghimselfintohishammocktofumeoverthestupidityoftheworld

ingeneral,tillthepeaceofthelovelydayquietedhiminspiteofhimself.

Staringupintothegreengloomofthehorse-chestnuttreesabovehim,he

dreameddreamsofallsorts,andwasjustimagininghimselftossingonthe

oceaninavoyageroundtheworld,whenthesoundofvoicesbroughthim

ashoreinaflash.Peepingthroughthemeshesofthehammock,hesawthe

Marchescomingout,asifboundonsomeexpedition.“Whatintheworldare

thosegirlsaboutnow?”thoughtLaurie,openinghissleepyeyestotakea

goodlook,fortherewassomethingratherpeculiarintheappearanceofhis

neighbors.

【参考译文】

一个热烘烘的九月下午,劳里舒舒服服地躺在吊床上摇来晃去,很想知

道邻居姐妹们在干什么却又懒得去弄清楚。他正在闹情绪,因为这天过

得既无意义又不舒心,他很想从头再来一次。炎热的天气使他懒洋洋

的,他书也不读了,惹得布鲁克先生忍无可忍;又花了半个下午弹琴,

弄得爷爷很不高兴;还恶作剧地暗示他的一只狗要发疯,把女佣们吓得

几乎神经错乱,接着又毫无根据地指责马夫疏忽了他的马儿,和马夫吵

了一架,之后便跳上吊床,怒火中烧,认定世人全都愚不可及。夏日明

媚,四处静悄悄一片,他不知不觉安静了下来。盯着头上绿森森的七叶

树,他做起了形形色色的白日梦。正想象着自己在海洋上颠簸作环球航

行,突然一阵声音传来,转瞬间便把他带回到岸上。透过吊床的网孔一

望,他看到马奇姐妹走出来,好像要去进行什么探险似的。“这个时候

那些姑娘们到底要去干什么?”劳里想,一面睁开睡意惺忪的双眼看个

究竟,因为他的邻居们打扮相当古怪。

IV.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.(60points)

宋淇先生(Stephenc.Soong,1919-1996)生前著述甚丰,并不遗余力

推动翻译教学与研究工作。为纪念宋先生对翻泽事业的贡献,宋氏家族

于1997年捐款,由香港中文大学中国文化研究所翻泽研究中心设立“宋

淇翻译研究论文纪念奖”,旨在奖励海内外华人学者从事具有原创性的

翻译研究,尤其鼓励以第一手材料从事文化与历史方向的探讨。论文奖

参选细则如下:

1.中国大陆、港、澳、台地区以及海外华人学者、研究生均可参选。

2.参选论文以中、英文语言为限,必须在2010年内公开发表于正式的

学术刊物。

3.论文奖每年颁发一次,每次设奖额3名,不分等级,每位得奖者将获

颁奖励证书及奖金港币3000元。

4.论文评审委员会由中国大陆、港、澳、台地区从事翻译研究的知名

学者组成。

5.参选论文恕不退稿。

【参考译文】

StephenC.Soong(1919-1996)wasaprolificwriteraswellasanactive

figureinthepromotionoftranslationeducationandresearch.To

commemoratehiscontributionsinthisfield,theStephenC.Soong

TranslationStudiesAwardsweresetupin1997bytheResearchCentrefor

Translation,TheChineseUniversityofHongKong,withadonationfromthe

Soongfamily.Itgivesrecognitiontoacademicswhohavemadecontributions

tooriginalresearchinChineseTranslationStudies,particularlyintheuseof

first-handsourcesforhistoricalandculturalinvestigations.General

regulationsareasfollows:

1.EligibilityislimitedtoChinesescholarsorresearchstudentsaffiliatedto

mainlandChinese,HongKong,Taiwan,Macauoroverseashigher

education/researchinstitutes.

2.SubmissionsmustbearticleswrittenineitherChineseorEnglishand

publishedinarefereedjournalwithinthecalendaryear2009.

3.Theprizewillbeawardedannuallytothreewinnerswithoutdistinctionof

grades.AcertificateandachequeofHK$3,000willbeawardedtoeach

winningentry.

4.TheadjudicationcommitteeconsistsofrenownedscholarsinTranslation

StudiesfromGreaterChina,HongKong,MacauandTaiwan.

5.Articlessubmittedwillnotbereturnedtothecandidates.

2013年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解

I.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoChinese.(15points)

1.MLA

【答案】现代语言协会[美](ModernLanguageAssociation)

2.naturist

【答案】天体运动者,裸体主义者(指认为裸体有益身心的人)

3.Dubai

【答案】迪拜

4.CPPCC

【答案】中国人民政治协商会议

5.milieutherapy

【答案】环境疗法

6.gildthelily

【答案】画蛇添足

7.unrighteousmammon

【答案】不义之财

8.mindstyle

【答案】思维风格

9.putonthenewman

【答案】洗心革面、改邪归正

10.ActofGod

【答案】不可抗力

11.HillsLikeWhiteElephants

【答案】累赘的东西

12.tattooing

【答案】文身

13.CD

【答案】COMPACTDISC(激光唱片,光盘)

14.buildacastleintheair

【答案】空中楼阁

15.concerto

【答案】协奏曲

II.TranslatethefollowingtermsintoEnglish.(15points)

1.反对派

【答案】Opposition

2.当选总统

【答案】President-elect

3.联合公报

【答案】Jointcommunique

4.司法改革

【答案】Judicialreform

5.循环经济

【答案】CircularEconomy

6.同业拆借

【答案】inter-bankborrowing

7.小康社会

【答案】amoderatelyprosperoussociety

8.老龄事业

【答案】theissueofaging/theundertakingsfortheaged

9.猎头公司

【答案】head-huntingcompany

10.个人所得税

【答案】Personalincometax

11.可再生能源

【答案】Renewableenergy

12.包容式增长

【答案】Inclusivegrowth

13.中非合作论坛

【答案】China-AfricaCooperationForum

14.钧鱼岛及其附属岛屿

【答案】theDiaoyuIslandanditsaffiliatedislands

15.中国共产党第十八次全国代表大会

【答案】theEighteenthNationalCongressoftheCommunistPartyofChina

III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.(60points)

Fanny,havingbeensentintothevillageonsomeerrandbyherauntNorris,

wasovertakenbyaheavyshowerclosetotheParsonage;andbeingdescried

fromoneofthewindowsendeavoringtofindshelterunderthebranchesand

lingeringleavesofanoakjustbeyondtheirpremises,wasforced,thoughnot

withoutsomemodestreluctanceonherpart,tocomein.Acivilservantshe

hadwithstood;butwhenDr.Granthimselfwentoutwithanumbrella,there

wasnothingtobedonebuttobeverymuchashamed,andtogetintothe

houseasfastaspossible;andtopoorMissCrawford,whohadjustbeen

contemplatingthedismalraininaverydespondingstateofmind,sighing

overtheruinofallherplanofexerciseforthatmorning,andofeverychance

ofseeingasinglecreaturebeyondthemselvesforthenexttwenty-fourhours,

thesoundofalittlebustleatthefrontdoor,andthesightofMissPrice

drippingwithwetinthevestibule,wasdelightful.Thevalueofaneventona

wetdayinthecountrywasmostforciblybroughtbeforeher.Shewasall

aliveagaindirectly,andamongthemostactiveinbeingusefultoFanny,in

detectinghertobewetterthanshewouldatfirstallow,andprovidingher

withdryclothes;andFanny,afterbeingobligedtosubmittoallthisattention,

andtobeingassistedandwaitedonbymistressesandmaids,beingalso

obliged,onreturningdownstairs,tobefixedintheirdrawing-roomforan

hourwhiletheraincontinued,theblessingofsomethingfreshtoseeand

thinkofwasthusextendedtoMissCrawford,andmightcarryonherspirits

totheperiodofdressinganddinner.

【参考译文】

原来,范妮受诺里斯姨妈差遣,到村子里办件什么事,在牧师住宅附近

遇上了一阵大雨。牧师住宅里的人从窗子里看见她在他们院外凋零的栎

树下避雨,便邀她进去,她是推却不过勉强从命的。她先是谢绝了一个

仆人的好心邀请,可是等格兰特博士亲自拿了把伞走出来,她又觉得很

不好意思,便赶快进去了。可怜的克劳福德小姐正心情沮丧地望着窗外

的凄风苦雨,哀叹上午的户外活动计划化做了泡影,二十四小时内除了

自家人以外再也见不到另一个人,这时听到了前门口有动静,随即看到

普莱斯小姐浑身滴着水走进了门廊,心里不禁十分高兴。她深深地感受

到,乡下阴雨天能来个客人实在难得。她顿时又活跃起来,满腔热忱地

关心范妮,说她发现范妮的衣服都湿透了,便给她拿出了干衣服。范妮

起初不肯承认自己衣服湿,后来只好接受这番关照,任凭太太小姐和女

仆们帮助自己更换衣衫。后来又不得不回到楼下,眼见着雨下个不停,

不得不在客厅里坐了一个小时。这一新鲜场面真令人赏心悦目,克劳福

德小姐的兴致足以维持到更衣吃饭时间。

IV.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.(60points)

人生据说是一部大书。假使人生真是这样,那么,我们一大半作者只能

算是书评家,具有书评家的本领。无须看得几页,议论早已发了一大

堆,书评一篇写完缴卷。但是,世界上还有一种人,他们觉得看书的目

的,并不是为了写书评或介绍。他们有一种业余消遣者的随便和从容,

他们不慌不忙地浏览。每到有什么意见,他们随手在书边的空白上注几

个字,写一个问号或感叹号。像中国旧书上的眉批,外国书里的

marginalia。这种零星随感并非他们对于整部书的结论。因为是随时批

识,先后也许彼此矛盾,说话过火。他们也懒得去理会。反正是消谴.

不像书评家负有指导读者、教训作者的重大使命。

【参考译文一】

Thestoryofaman’slifeissaidtobeabigbook.Supposethispremisecould

stand,Imustthensaymorethanhalfoftheauthorswedeemcouldbe

reckonedonasnonebutbookreviewersgiftedinthisprofession,whose

opinionsaremorethanenoughbeforeapieceofbook-reviewismade

withoutreadingfrompagetopage.However,therealsocouldbefoundin

thisworldanotherkindofpeople,whosesupposedobjectivesofreadingare

bynomeansforbook-reviewsorintroductionswhatsoever.Theyenjoythe

easinessandrelaxationsinthewaytheamateurpleasureseekerscould

possess,justskimmingoverthebookincomfort,andwheneversomeideas

occurtothem,theystoponlytomarkafewwordsinthespacebeyondthe

linesofthebook,leavingaquestionorinterjectionmark,somethinglikethe

“headnotes”inChineseclassicsorwhatistermedas“marginalia”inforeign

books.Theserandomlyandfreelyorganizedcommentsdonotclaimtheir

finalassertionsonthebookasawhole.Theremarksareattimescasually

made,somaynotbeinconformitywitheachother,andevenovercritical.

Theydonotcaretolooktowhatisbeingwritten,forindeeditismerelyfor

thesakeofkillingthetime.Sincetheyarenotentitledtothegreatmission

thatbook-reviewshouldtake,ofinstructingreadersaswellaslecturing

writers,whyshouldtheybothertheirdiligenceandpatienceaboutdoingthat?

【参考译文二】

Peoplesaylifeisonefatbook.Thatbeingthecase,morethanhalfour

writersareonlycritics.Havingacquiredtheskillsofacritic,theyglance

throughnomorethanafewpagesbeforetheymakeloadsofjudgmentsabout

thebook.Areviewisfinishedanddone.However,somepeopleinthisworld

readbooksforreasonsotherthanhavingtowritecriticalappraisalsor

commentaries.Carefreeandrelaxedasfreelancers,theycasuallyscribblea

fewwords,aquestion,oranexclamationinthemargin—likethoseheaders

inChineseclassics,ormarginaliainforeignbooks.Ifanideaoccurstothem

whentheyarebrowsingleisurelythroughbooks,theyjotdownbitsand

piecesofnoteswritteninadesultoryfashion.Thesearenottheirimpressions

ofthewholebook.Sincetheymakenoteswheneverathoughtpopsup,they

mightoverdotheirpoint,ortheymightcontradictthemselveslater.Butthey

couldn’tcarelessastheyonlydoitforpleasure,unlikethecriticswhose

mainmissionistoprovideguidanceforthereaderandoffercriticismtothe

author.

2014年四川外国语大学翻译学院357英语翻译基础考研真题及详解

I.PutthefollowingtermsintoChinese.(15分)

1.civillaw

【答案】民法

2.masstransit

【答案】公共交通;大容量公共运输(工具)

3.wagetheory

【答案】工资理论

4.mockepic

【答案】讽刺史诗

5.counterespionage

【答案】反间谍活动

6.highseas

【答案】公海;远海

7.CYO

【答案】首席元老(ChiefYearlyOfficer)

8.irrigationanddrainage

【答案】灌溉与排水

9.ICN

【答案】国际护士理事会(InternationalCouncilofNurses)

10.ILO

【答案】国际劳工组织(InternationalLaborOrganization)

11.IAEA

【答案】国际原子能机构(InternationalAtomicEnergyAgency)

12.polarfront

【答案】极锋

13.higherdownpayment

【答案】高首付

14.havekissedtheBlarneystone

【答案】能说会道;善于花言巧语

15.fatchance

【答案】没有机会,希望渺茫

II.PutthefollowingpassageintoChinese.(60分)

AthensandSpartawerebothGreekcitiesandtheirpeoplespokeacommon

language.Ineveryotherrespecttheyweredifferent.Athensrosehighfrom

theplain.Itwasacityexposedtothefreshbreezesfromthesea,willingto

lookattheworldwiththeeyesofahappychild.Sparta,ontheotherhand,

wasbuiltatthebottomofadeepvalley,andusedthesurroundingmountains

asabarrieragainstforeignthought.Athenswasacityofbusytrade.Sparta

wasanarmedcampwherepeopleweresoldiersforthesakeof

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