给排水专业英语汇总

UNIT1给水工程watersupplyengineering排水工程sewetageengineering市政工程civilengineering市政工程师civilengineer环境工程environmentalengineering水文学hydrology水力学hydranlies水环境naturalaquaticenvironment流域watershed水体waterbody地表水surfacewater新鲜水freshwater地下水groundwater含水层aquifer天然含水层naturalaquifer地下含水层undergroundaquifer水文循环naturalhydrologiccycle渗滤infiltration降水precipitation渗入precolation蒸发evaporation蒸腾transpiration城市水文循环urbanhydrologiccycle水源watersource水资源waterresource取水waterwithdrawal水处理watertreatment配水waterdistribution用水wateruse污水wastewater废水abwasser废水收集wastewatercollection废水处理wastewaterdisposal受纳水体receivingwaters污染pollutionpollute污染物pollntant玷污、污染contamination致污物contaminant未污染uncontaminated水污染waterpollution水污染控制waterpollutioncontrol水污染防治waterpollutionprevention污水回用wastewaterreuseUNIT2水短缺waterscarcity地表水资源surfacewaterresource管网PipeNetwork供水系统watersupplysystem市政配水系统municipaldistributionsystem建筑给水系统housewatersupplysystem分区供水系统dualdistributionsystem小区microdistrict小社区smallcommunity冷水供水系统coldwatersupplysystem热水供水系统hotwatersupplysystem消防系统fireprotectionsystem喷淋系统fireprotectionsprinklersystem自动水幕系统automaticdrenchersystem半自动水幕系统semiautomaticdrenchersystem消火栓hydrant排水系统drainagesystem生活排水系统sanitarysystem工业排水系统industrialsystem雨水排水系统stormwatersystem合流制combinedsewers分流制separatesewers建筑排水系统buildingdrainagesystem卫生洁具plumbingfixtures卫浴设备bathroomfixtures输水系统watertransmissionsystem漏水率leakagerate配水系统waterdistributionsystem环状管网gridsystem支状管网branchingsystem下水管道sanitarysewer污水节流管interceptingsewer污水节流系统interceptingsewersystem污水节流井sewageinterceptingcell支管collectionsewercollectorsewer生活污水sanitarysewagedomesticsewagedomesticwastewater工业污水industrialwastewater工业污水/液/物industrialwastes农业用水agriculturalwastewater/wastes雨水rainwaterstormwater水位waterlevel海拔、标高elevation坡度grade倾斜度slope明渠Openchannel开挖excavation深度excavationdepth水力分析hydraulicanalysis水头pressurehead总水头totalheadUnit3水头损失Headloss速度头动压头Velocityhead静压Statichead摩擦水头Frictionhead水力坡度线Hydranlicgradeline重力流Gravityflow水塔Watercastle贮水箱Cistern泵站Pumpstation给水泵站Waterpumpstation污水泵站Sewagestation提升泵站Liftpumpingplant增压泵Boosterpump离心泵Centrifugalpump潜水泵Submersiblepump潜水艇Submerine深井泵Wellpump虹吸虹吸管Siphon人孔Manhole法兰Flange阀门Valve闸阀Gatevalve泵送系统Pumpingsystem流量Flowrate流速Fluidvelocity层流Laminarflow滞流粘性流viscousflow过渡流Transitionalflow湍流Turbulentflow紊流Turbulenceflow涡流Eddyingflow雷诺数Teynoldsnumber水质Waterguality水源Watersources供水水源Watersupples原水Rawwater未处理水Untreatedwater出水Finishedwater原水水质Raw-waterquality水质标准Waterqualitystandards水质要求Waterqualityrequirements饮用水Drinkwater\potablewater自来水Tapwater纯水Purewater饮用水标准Drinkingwaterstandards饮用水一级标Primarydrinkingwaterstandards最大允许浓度Maxmumpermissiblelevelsmaxmumallowablelevels最大污染物浓度Maxmumcontaminantlevels主要污染物Primarycontaminants有机化合物Organicchemicals合成有机化合物Syntheticorganicchemicals挥发性有机化合物Volatileorganicohemicals无机化合物Inorganicchemical微生物Microorganisms\microbes微生物污染Microbialcontaminants病原微生物Pathogenicmicroorganisms病原体Pathogenic病毒Pathogenicbacterin细菌Bacteria大肠杆菌Coliformbacteria病毒Viruses藻类Algae浊度Turbidity放射性Radionuclide感官性状Estheticqualities审美Esthetic味Taste嗅Odo色Colour变色Discolouration变色Discolor水质物理参数Physicalparametersofwaterquality水的物理性质Physicalqualityofwater浊度值Turbidityvalues浊度单位Turdidityunit浑浊单位Turdid嗅阈值Thresholdodornumber化学性质Chemicalquality水质化学参数Chemicalparametersofwaterquality溶解氧Dissolvedoxygen(DO)溶解氧浓度Dolevel溶解氧平衡Dobalance氧损Oxygendepletion有机污染物Organicpollutant生化需氧量Biochemicaloxygendemand(BOD)总氮Totalnitrogen(TN)总凯式氮TotalKjeldahlnitrogen(TKN)悬浮固体Suspendedsolids(SS)总悬浮固体Totalsuspendedsolids(TSS)溶解Dissolved(DS)总溶解Totaldissolved(TDS)Unit4溶解的铁和锰Dissolvedironandmanganese硬度Hardness碱度Alkalinity盐度Salinity有害物质Toxicandhazardousmaterials氰化物Cyanides急性毒性Acutetoxity慢性毒性Chronictoxity基因毒性Genetictoxicity基因Gene难降解有机化合物Refractoryorganicchemicals永久性有机污染物Persistentorganicpollutants致癌化学性Carcinogenicchemicals三卤甲烷Trihalomethanes卤素Halogen甲基Methyl氯仿Trichloromethane三氯甲烷Chloroform杀虫剂农药Pesticide害虫Pest杀虫剂Insecticide除草剂Herbicide杀菌剂Germicide细菌Germ防腐剂Preservative保证Preserve清洗剂Cleaningagent洗涤剂Detergent发泡剂Foamingagent泡沫Foam化肥Fertilizer肥沃的Fertile富营养化Eutrophication营养的Trophic营养水平Trophiclevel生态位NicheUnit5原污水Rawsewage原废水Rawwastes处理水Treatedwastes回用水Redaimedwater水处理过程Waterprocessing收集Collect处置Dispose处理方法Treatmentmethod处理费用Treatmentcosts处理单元Treatmentprocess运行模式Operationalmode间歇处理方式Batchtreatmentapproach均匀均化Equalization均匀Equalize调蓄水池Equalizationstorage调节池Equalizationtank蓄水池Storagetank降解Degrade分解Decompose分离Separate隔离Separation物理法Physicalprocess物理处理Physicaltreatment物理处理过程Physicaltreatmentprocess一级处理Primarytreatment初步处理Preliminarytreatment格栅筛滤Screening格栅Screen格栅Barscreen栅条Bars钢栅条Steelbars渣耙Cleaningrakes圆形破碎机Circulargrinder破碎Grind除砂Degritting砂Grit沙Sand除砂Gritremoval沉砂池Gritchamber沉淀Settling沉淀池Settlingtank澄清池Clarifier初澄清池Primaryclarifier初沉池Primarysettlingtank一级出水Primaryeffluent二级处理Secondarytreatment二级处理工艺Secondarytreatmentprocess生物处理Biologicaltreatment二澄清池Secondaryclarifier二沉池Secondarysettlingtank最终澄清池Finalclarifier最终沉淀池Finalsettlingtank二级出水Secondaryeffluent三级处理Tertiarytreatment深度处理Advancedtreatment废水消毒Wastedisinfection出流出水Effluentflow允许浓度Allowablelevels优异出水High-qualitypolishedeffluent废水处理厂Wastewatertreatmentplant污水处理厂Sewagetreatmentplant二级处理厂Secondarytreatmentplant城市污水处理Municipalwastewatertreatment市政工程Municipalengineering土木工程Civilengineering城市污水处理厂Municipalwastewatertreatmentplant污水处理能力Sewagetreatmentcapacity电容Capacitance污水处理设施Municipaltreatmentfacilities多反应器设施Multi-reactorfacility处理池Treatmenttank负荷Load负荷Loadings水力负荷Hydrauticloading污染负荷Pollutantload有机负荷Organicload无机负荷Inorganicload不含化肥、农药无机的Unorganic周期性负荷Periodic(intermitlent)loading第五部分：物化处理1．混凝n.coagulation混凝过程coagulationprocess化学混凝chemicalcoagulation凝聚n.aggregation絮凝n.flocculationv.flocculate异向絮凝perikineticflocculation同向絮凝orthokineticflocculation混凝剂n.coagulant混凝剂投量coagulantdosage烧杯实验jartest最佳混凝剂投量optimumcoagulantdosage助凝剂coagulantaid助凝剂flocculationaid聚电解质n.polyelectrolytes快速混合flash-mix,rapid-mix快速混合器flashmixer,rapidmixer混合池mixertank快速混合池flash-mixtank絮凝器n.flocculator絮凝池flocculationtank固体接触池solids-contacttank澄清n.clarificationv.clarify澄清池n.clarifier高负荷澄清池highrateclarifier澄清水clarifyingwater2．沉淀n.sedimentation沉降n.sedimentation自由沉降plainsettling拥挤沉降hinderedsettling重力沉降gravitysettling沉淀池settlingtank沉淀池，沉降池sedimentationtank矩形沉淀池rectangularsettlingtank圆形沉淀池circularsettlingtank管式沉淀池tubesettler斜管沉淀池steeplyinclinedtubesettler板式沉淀池parallel-platesettler板式沉淀池plateseparator气浮n.floatation泡沫分离foamseparation溶气气浮dissolved-airfloatation气浮池floatationtank表面撇渣装置surface-skimmingdevice撇去v.skim浮渣n.scum浮渣槽scumtrough刮泥机sludgescraper排泥sludgedrawoffsludgewithdrawal预沉淀n.presedimentation预沉淀池presedimentationbasin3．过滤n.filtration滤池n.filter慢滤池slowfilter快滤池rapidfilter高速（负荷）滤池highratefilter砂滤池sandfilter慢砂滤池slowsandfilter快砂滤池rapidsandfilter重力滤池gravityfilter压力滤池pressurefilter过滤介质，滤料filtermedium石英砂silicasand无烟煤n.anthracite硅藻土diatomaceousearth煤—砂滤床coal-sandbeds多层滤料multilayeredmedia混合滤料mixedmedia双层滤料滤池dualmediafilter双层滤池two-layerfilter粗滤料coarsemedia细滤料finemedia助滤剂filteraid滤后水，滤出水filteredwater滤后水，滤池出水filtereffluent滤前水，滤池进水filterinfluent浊度穿透turbiditybreakthrough过滤周期filtercycle清洗周期cleaningcycle刮砂法scrapingmethod表面刮砂surfacescraping反冲洗backwashing水力反冲洗hydraulicbackwashing水力反冲洗hydraulicbackwash水力分级hydraulicgrading4．消毒n.disinfectionv.disinfect消毒剂n.disinfectantdisinfectionagent杀菌剂n.germicide消毒过程disinfectionprocess消毒副产物disinfectionby-products氯化n.chlorinationv.chlorinate氯化水chlorinatedwater预氯化n.prechlorination氯化消毒副产物by-productsofchlorination化学消毒剂chemicaldisinfectants液氯liquidchlorine,liquefiedchlorine氯胺n.chloramines次氯酸盐hypochlorites次氯酸钠sodiumhypochlorite二氧化氯chlorinedioxide臭氧n.ozone臭氧化，臭氧消毒n.ozonation臭氧化v.ozonate紫外线(UV)ultravioletradiation(UV)伽马射线gammaradiation灭活n.inactivationv.inactivate接触时间contacttime需氯量chlorinedemand加氯量，投氯量chlorinedosage,appliedchlorine自由氯，游离氯freechlorine,freeavailablechlorine化合氯combinedchlorine剩余保护residualprotection余氯residualchlorine余氯量chlorineresidual自由余氯freeresidualchlorine自由氯余量freechlorineresidual化合余氯combinedresidualchlorine化合氯余量combinedchlorineresiduals折点氯化（法）breakpointchlorination折点氯化曲线breakpointchlorinationcurve折点加氯量breakpointdosage氯折点chlorinebreakpoint压力钢瓶pressuredsteelcylinder臭氧发生器ozonegenerator需臭氧量ozonedemand剩余臭氧量ozoneresidual剩余臭氧residualozone致病微生物，病源微生物pathogenicmicroorganisms病原体n.pathogens致病细菌或病毒pathogenicbacteriaorviruses细菌n.bacteria大肠杆菌coliformbacteria阿米巴氏菌amoebiccysts孢子，芽孢n.spores病毒n.viruses藻类n.algae原生动物n.protozoa5．氧化n.oxidation还原n.reduction氧化剂n.oxidant强氧化剂strongoxidizingagent高级氧化法(AOP)advancedoxidationprocess高级氧化工艺(AOP)advancedoxidationprocess高级氧化过程(AOP)advancedoxidationprocess高级氧化技术(AOT)advancedoxidationtechnology6．吸附n.adsorption活性炭(AC)activatedcarbon粉末炭(PAC)powderedactivatedcarbon粒状炭(GAC)granularactivatedcarbon颗粒活性炭(GAC)granularactivatedcarbon活性炭纤维(ACF)activatedcarbonfiber再生n.regenerationv.regenerate吸附剂n.adsorbent吸附质n.adsorbate吸附塔，吸附柱adsorptioncolumn吸附床adsorptionbed空床接触时间emptybedcontacttime吸附带masstransferzone快速小柱试验rapidsmallscalecolumntest生物活性炭(BAC)biologicalactivatedcarbon7．离子交换n.ionexchange离子交换树脂ionexchangeresin离子交换器ionexchanger离子交换柱ionexchangecolumn硬度n.hardness除硬hardnessremoval软化n.softeningv.soften化学软化chemicalsoftening沉淀软化precipitationsoftening除盐，脱盐n.desaltinationv.desalt去矿化n.demineralizationv.demineralize离子交换软化法ionexchangesofteningprocess离子交换除盐法ionexchangedesaltingprocess复床combinedbed混合床mixedbed8．膜分离membraneseparation微滤n.microfiltration超滤n.hyperfiltration纳滤n.nanofiltration反渗透reverseosmosis渗透n.osmosis半透膜semipermeablemembrane电渗析n.electrodialysis渗析n.dialysis9．其它处理方法中和n.neutralizationv.neutralize酸性废水acidicwastes化学沉淀chemicalprecipitation沉淀软化precipitationsoftening电解n.electrolysis电除盐(EDI)n.electrodeionization吹脱、汽提法n.stripping冷却n.cooling冷却水coolingwater冷却塔coolingtower第六部分生物处理生物反应器n.bioreactor微生物n.microorganismsmicrobes微生物种群microbialpopulation混合群落mixedcommunities细菌n.bacteria原生动物n.protozoa真菌n.fungi轮虫n.rotifers生长n.growth繁殖n.reproduction世代时间generationtime生长速率growthrates环境因子environmentalfactors生态因子ecologicalfactors微生物生长动力学microbialgrowthkinetics迟滞期lagphase对数生长期exponential-growthphase减速生长期declinggrowthphase稳定期stationaryphase4.内源呼吸阶段endogenousstage内源生长期endogenousgrowthphase内源呼吸endogenousrespiration底物，基质n.substrate底物（基质）利用substrateutilization生物量n.biomass生物反应biologicalreaction生物氧化biologicaloxidation生物降解n.biodegradation生物降解性n.biodegradability生物可降解的，可生物降解的a.biodegradable不可生物降解的a.nonbiodegradable生物处理biologicaltreatment废水生物处理biologicalwastewatertreatment废水生物处理系统biologicalwastewatertreatmentsystem污水生物处理系统biologicalsewagetreatmentsystem生物处理法biologicaltreatmentprocess生物处理装置biologicaltreatmentunit串联inseries悬浮生长处理法suspended-growthtreatmentprocesses生物固体biologicalsolids活性污泥activatedsludge附着生长处理法attached-growthtreatmentprocesses附着的微生物attachedmicrobes微生物附着生长attachedmicrobialgrowth生物膜n.biofilm代谢n.metabolismv.metabolize稳定，稳定化n.stabilizationv.stabilize生物代谢biologicalmetabolism微生物代谢microbialmetabolism好氧的a.aerobic好氧菌aerobicbacteria好氧微生物aerobicmicroorganisms好氧氧化aerobicoxidation厌氧的a.anaerobic厌氧菌anaerobicbacteria厌氧氧化anaerobicoxidation兼性的a.facultative兼性菌facultativebacteria好氧环境aerobicenvironment厌氧环境anaerobicenvironment营养物n.nutrients无机营养物inorganicnutrients营养物去除nutrientremoval营养物生物去除biologicalnutrientremoval脱氮除磷nitrogenandphosphorusremoval生物硝化biologicalnitrification硝化菌nitrifyingbacteria生物反硝化，生物脱氮biologicaldenitrification生物除磷biologicalphosphorusremoval1．活性污泥法activatedsludgeprocess微生物n.microorganismsn.microbes细菌n.bacteria生物絮体biologicalfloc微生物絮体microbialfloc活性污泥activatedsludge絮状活性污泥flocculate-bacterialsludge回流活性污泥(RAS)returnedactivatedsludge回流污泥returnedsludge回流污泥recycledsludge剩余污泥excesssludge废活性污泥(WAS)wasteactivatedsludge废污泥wastesludge曝气池aerationtank曝气池aerationbasin曝气池aerationchamber完全混合曝气池completelymixedaerationbasin活性污泥池activatedsludgetank曝气n.aeration混合n.mixing曝气系统aerationsystem曝气器n.aerator压缩空气compressedair空气压缩机，空压机aircompressor鼓风机，风机n.blower循环/切换n.cycling/switchover扩散装置，扩散器n.diffuser空气扩散装置，空气扩散器airdiffuser鼓泡空气扩散装置（扩散器）bubbleairdiffuser微气泡扩散装置（扩散器）fine-bubblediffuser扩散板platediffuser扩散管tubediffuser扩散罩domediffuser微气泡扩散曝气fine-bubblediffusedaeration微气泡fine-bubble大气泡coarse-bubble静态混合器staticmixer机械曝气系统mechanicalaerationsystems机械曝气mechanicalaeration表面曝气surfaceaeration表面曝气器surfaceaerator需氧量oxygendemand供气量airsupply氧转移效率oxygentansferefficiency可沉降固体settleablesolids挥发性固体volatilesolids非挥发性固体nonvolatilesolids挥发性悬浮固体(VSS)volatilesuspendedsolids混合液mixedliquor混合液悬浮固体(MLSS)mixedliquorsuspendedsolids混合液挥发性悬浮固体(MLVSS)mixedliquorvolatilesuspendedsolids污泥沉降比(SV)settlingvelocity污泥容积指数(SVI)sludgevolumeindex比耗氧速率(SOUR)specificoxygenuptakerate污泥龄sludgeage曝气池容积aerationtankvolume曝气时间aerationperiod曝气时间aerationtime水力停留时间(HRT)hydraulicresidencetime水力负荷hydraulicloadingBOD负荷BODloading普通活性污泥法conventionalactivatedsludgeprocess传统活性污泥法conventionalactivatedsludgeprocess标准活性污泥法standardactivatedsludgeprocess传统活性污泥厂conventionalactivatedsludgeplant阶段曝气活性污泥stepaerationactivatedsludgeprocess分段v.step进水负荷influentload分段进水steploading渐减v.taper渐减曝气taperedaeration接触稳定活性污泥法contactstabilizationactivatedsludgeprocess再曝气n.reaeration曝气—沉淀—再曝气aeration-sedimentation-reaeration完全好氧处理法completeaerobictreatmentprocess高负荷（完全混合）活性污泥法high-rate(completelymixed)activatedsludgeprocess延时曝气活性污泥法extendedaerationactivatedsludgeprocess延时曝气法extendedaerationprocess延时曝气extendedaeration氧化沟oxidationditch水平转刷horizontalrotor转刷曝气rotoraeration笼型转刷cagedrotor吸附—生物降解工艺(AB法)adsorption-biodegradationprocess序批式活性污泥法(SBR法)sequencingbatchreactor(SBR)process、序批式活性污泥法(SBR法)sequentialbatchreactor(SBR)processSBR法SBRprocess序批式反应器(SBR)sequencingbatchreactor(SBR)序批式反应器(SBR)sequentialbatchreactor初沉primaryclarification曝气n.aeration二沉secondaryclarification初沉池primaryclarifier二沉池secondaryclarifier泵送系统pumpingsystem活性污泥法activatedsludgeprocess变体n.variantSBR运行周期SBRcycle处理周期processcycle进水阶段fillphase进水阀influentvalve反应阶段reactphase沉淀阶段settlephase清水，上清液clearwater上清液n.supernatant排水阶段drawphase滗水阶段decantphase滗水装置decantmechanism闲置阶段，待机阶段idlephase营养物去除nutrientremoval营养物生物去除biologicalnutrientremoval碳源carbonsource硝化n.nitrificationv.nitrify硝化菌nitrifyingbacteria反硝化n.denitrificationv.denitrify脱氮n.denitrification生物反硝化，生物脱氮biologicaldenitrification缺氧—好氧脱氮工艺(A/O法)anoxic-oxicprocess厌氧—缺氧—好氧法(A2/O法)anaerobic-anoxic-aerobicprocessA-A-O法同步脱氮除磷工艺anaerobic-anoxic-aerobicprocess脱氮除磷nitrogenandphosphorusremoval厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)anaerobicammoniumoxidation生物除磷biologicalphosphorusremoval膜生物反应器(MBR)membranebiologicalreactor2．生物膜法生物膜n.biofilm生物膜反应器biofilmreactor生物滤池n.biofilter生物过滤n.biofiltration旋转布水器rotarysprinkler填料n.packings塑料管状或蜂窝状填料plastictubularorhoneycomb-shapedpackings滴滤池tricklingfilter普通生物滤池tricklingfilter高负荷生物滤池high-ratefilter塔式生物滤池towerbiofilter曝气生物滤池(BAF)biologicalaeratedfilter生物转盘法biodiscprocess生物转盘rotatingbiologicalcontactor生物转盘n.biodisc塑料盘片plasticdiscs轻质盘片lightweightdiscs水平轴horizontalshaft生物粘液biologicalslime粘液层slimelayer生物流化床biologicalfluidizedbedbiologicalfluidisedbed生物流化床反应器fluidized-bedbioreactor移动床生物膜反应器(MBBR)moving-bedbiofilmreactor3．厌氧生物处理发酵n.fermentationv.fermentate产酸细菌n.acidogens产甲烷细菌n.methanogens产酸阶段acidogenicphase产甲烷阶段methanogenicphase水解n.hydrolysisv.hydrolysis产酸发酵acidogenicfermentation产氢产乙酸H2-producingacetogenesis产甲烷methanogenesis产酸菌acidformers产甲烷菌methaneformers,methane-formingbacteria有机酸organicacids挥发性脂肪酸(VFAs)volatilefattyacids硫酸盐还原sulfatereduction硫酸盐还原菌sulfate-reducingbacteria上流式厌氧污泥床(UASB)upflowanaerobicsludgeblanket上升流速upflowvelocity厌氧折流板反应器(ABR)anaerobicbaffledreactor两段或两级厌氧生物处理two-stageanaerobicbiotreatment两相厌氧生物处理two-phaseanaerobicbiotreatment产酸相acidogenicphase产甲烷相methanogenicphase消化n.digestionv.digest消化池n.digestor厌氧消化anaerobicdigestion污泥消化sludgedigestion厌氧消化池anaerobicdigestor厌氧接触法anaerobiccontactprocess厌氧膨胀床反应器anaerobicexpanded-bedreactor厌氧流化床反应器anaerobicfluidized-bedreactor厌氧生物转盘anaerobicrotatingbiologicalcontactor4．自然生物处理系统自然净化系统naturalpurificationsystem稳定塘stabilizationpondsstabilizationlagoons氧化塘oxidationponds土地处理系统landtreatmentsystems废水土地处理landtreatmentofwastewater净化过程purificationprocess自然净化naturalpurification污水塘sewagelagoon稳定塘stabilizationpondsstabilizationlagoons氧化塘oxidationponds好氧塘aerobicpond兼性塘facultativepond好氧生化反应aerobicbiochemicalreaction厌氧生化反应anaerobicbiochemicalreaction厌氧分解anaerobicdecomposition厌氧分解decomposeanaerobically好氧稳定aerobicstabilization细菌n.bacteria藻类n.algae微型植物microscopicplants出流，出水effluentflow光合作用n.photosynthesis厌氧塘anaerobicpond曝气塘aeratedpond修饰塘polishingpond熟化塘maturationlagoon深度处理塘advancedtreatmentpond三级处理塘tertiarytreatmentpond土地处理工艺（过程）landtreatmentprocesses关键因素criticalfactors土壤类型soiltype气候n.climate土地处理系统landtreatmentsystems慢速土地处理系统slowratelandtreatmentsystem低负荷土地处理系统low-ratelandtreatmentsystem三级处理水平tertiarytreatmentlevel灌溉n.irrigationv.irrigate土壤的天然过滤和吸附性质naturalfiltrationandadsorptionpropertiesofsoil投配的废水appliedwastewater垄—沟表面布水ridge-and-furrowsurfacespreading喷洒布水系统，喷灌布水系统sprinklersystems快速渗滤土地处理系统rapidinfiltrationlandtreatmentsystem渗滤—渗透土地处理infiltration-percolationlandtreatment快速渗滤rapidinfiltration快速渗滤法rapidinfiltrationmethod过滤作用filteringaction吸附作用adsorptionaction地表漫流土地处理系统overlandflowlandtreatmentsystem地表漫流overlandflow径流集水沟runoffcollectionditch物理、化学和生物过程physical,chemical,andbiologicalprocesses湿地n.wetland天然湿地naturalwetland人工湿地constructedwetlandman-madewetland第七部分：污泥处理、处置与利用污泥n.sludge生活污水污泥sewagesludge污泥体积，污泥量sludgevolume原污泥，生污泥rawsludge新鲜污泥，生污泥freshsludge消化污泥，熟污泥digestedsludge混合污泥mixedsludge污泥处理sludgetreatment污泥处置sludgedisposal最终处置ultimatedisposal填埋n.landfill污泥减量sludgevolumereduction污泥稳定化sludgestabilization（污泥）浓缩n.thickening污泥浓缩sludgethickening稳定，稳定化n.stabilizationv.stabilize稳定了的污泥stabilizedsludge调理（调节）n.conditioningv.condition脱水n.dewateringv.dewater干化n.drying污泥干化场sludgedryingbed污泥干燥heatdrying干燥器n.dryer污泥焚烧，污泥焚化n.incineration焚烧炉，焚化炉n.incinerator污泥浓缩sludgethickening物理过程physicalprocess含水过多的污泥waterysludge稀污泥thinsludge处理装置treatmentunit浓缩池n.thickener重力浓缩gravitythickening重力浓缩池gravitythickener圆形污水沉淀池circularsewagesedimentationtank刮泥机sludgescraper搅拌作用stirringaction底流n.underflow浓缩的底流thickenedunderflow浓缩污泥thickenedsludge出水n.effluent上清液n.supernatant溢流v.overflow堰n.weir气浮浓缩floatationthickening溶气气浮dissolved-airfloatation气浮池floatationtank入流污泥influentsludge污泥絮体sludgeflocs撇去v.skim漂浮污泥层floatingsludgelayer污泥消化sludgedigestion消化池n.digester消化池装置digesterunit消化n.digestionv.digest有机固体organicsolids生化分解biochemicaldecomposition好氧消化aerobicdigestion好氧污泥消化aerobicsludge