小学英语-现在完成时

朗博教育——您值得信赖的培训学校！--新概念英语语法串讲——现在完成时现在完成时指的是过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，过去某一时间开始并一直持续到现在并且有可能还会持续的动作或状态。一、现在完成时的用法

1.过去某时发生的动作到目前为止这个动作已经完成。如：

1）Ihavefinishedmyhomework.我做完家庭作业了。（过去某时开始做，到现在已完成）

2）Hehasalreadycome他已经来了。（过去某时开始离开某地到这来，现在已在这。）

2.表示动作发生在过去并延续到现在,有可能继续延续下去。如：

1）IhavestudiedEnglishforsixyears.我已经学了六年英语了。

（六年前开始学英语，一直学到现在,也可能继续学也可能就此不学了。）

2）IhavelivedinShenyangsince1990.我从1990年就在沈阳住。

（从1990年开始住在沈阳一直住到现在，也可能继续住也可能就此为止。）二、现在完成时的结构

1）肯定式：主语+have/has+过去分词

2）否定式:主语+have/has+not+过去分词

3）一般疑问式Have/Has+主语+过去分词

4）特殊疑问式特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+过去分词三、现在完成时的时间状语

现在完成时常用的时间状语包括“already,yet,ever,etc”。

例如：Wehavelearnedabout3000Englishwordsbytheendofthisterm.

到上学期末我们已经学了3000个英语单词。

注意：1)当表示一段时间，现在完成时可以用for或since引导的状语。

例如：I’veknownLiLifor4years.我认识丽丽已经4年了。

Ihaveworkedheresince8yearsago.自从8年前我就在这工作。2)当在肯定陈述句中含有already或just时，在转换成否定句时，要把句中的already或just去掉，在句末加上yet.。

例如：Ihavealreadyseenthefilm.Ihaven’tseenthefilmyet.

Hehasjustcome.Hehasn’tcomeyet.注意：for和since的用法。①for+时段为…时间②since+过去一个时间点（译为：自从……以来）③since+时段+ago④since+从句（过去时）⑤Itis+时段+since+从句（过去时）四、过去分词变化规则如下：1、规则动词：规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则：（1)一般动词，在词尾直接加“ed”。workworkedworked,visitvisitedvisited

(2)以“e”结尾的动词，只在词尾加“d”。livelivedlived,(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词，将"y"变为"i"，再加“ed”。studystudiedstudied,crycriedcried(4)重读闭音节结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母，先双写该辅音字母，再加“ed”。stopstoppedstopped,dropdropped--dropped2、不规则动词变化需参看不规则动词表逐一熟记。例如;cut-cut-cut,hit--

hit--hit.2、ABB型（过去式与过去分词同形）：

bring

brought

brought

build

built

built

buy

bought

bought

catch

caught

caught

dig

dug

dug

feel

felt

felt

find

found

found

get

got

got

have

had

had

hear

heard

heard

hold

held

held

keep

kept

kept

※learn

learnt

learnt

leave

left

left

lend

lent

lent

make

made

made

meet

met

met

pay

paid

paid

say

said

said

sell

sold

sold

send

sent

sent

shine

shone

shone

sit

sat

sat

sleep

slept

slept

※smell

smelt

smelt

spend

spent

spent

stand

stood

stood

teach

taught

taught

tell

told

told

think

thought

thought

understand

understood

understood3、ABC型（原形、过去式和过去分词各异）：

be

was/were

been

begin

began

begun

blow

blew

blown

break

broke

broken

do

did

done

draw

drew

drawn

drink

drank

drunk

drive

drove

driven

eat

ate

eaten

fall

fell

fallen

fly

flew

flown

forget

forgot

forgotten

give

gave

given

go

went

gone

grow

grew

grown

know

knew

known

lie

lay

lain

ride

rode

ridden

ring

rang

rung

see

saw

seen

show

showed

shown

sing

sang

sung

speak

spoke

spoken

swim

swam

swum

take

took

taken

throw

threw

thrown

wake

woke

woken

wear

wore

worn

write

wrote

written

4、ABA型（原形与过去分词同形）：

become

became

becomecome

came

come

5、AAB型（原形与过去式同形）：beat

beat

beaten现在完成时练习一、选择填空1.Kate’sneverseenChinesefilms，____?

A.hasn’tsheB.hassheC.isn’tsheD.isshe

2.-Mum,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?

-______you______yourhomeworkyet?

A.Do；finishB.Are；finishingC.Did；finishD.Have；finished

3.HisbrotherhasbeentoStoneForesttwice______hecametoYunnan.

A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.for

4.Tom______theCDplayerfortwoweeks.

A.haslentB.hasborrowedC.hasboughtD.hashad

5.I______aletterfromhimsinceheleft.

A.didn’treceiveB.haven’tgotC.didn’thaveD.haven’theard

6.-Haveyouever______Beijing?-Yes,Ihave.

A.wenttoB.gonetoC.beeninD.beento

7.Myparents______Shandongfortenyears.

A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen

8.Iwon’tgototheconcertbecauseI____myticket.

A.lostB.don’tloseC.havelostD.iscoming

9.–WhereisMrLiu?-He________thelibrary.

A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeeninD.haswent

10.WecametoShanghaithreeyearsago,sowe_______herefortwoyears.

A.havebeentoB.havebeeninC.havebeenD.havegone

11.-Howlong_______you_______yourexampaper?-Aboutthreemonths.

A.did；buyB.have；getC.have；hadD.have；bought

12.Hetellsmehe________Chinaforovereightyears.

A.hasbeenB.hasbeeninC.hasbeentoD.hasgoneto

13.Hisparents________formorethan3years.

A.havecomehereB.havestartedtoworkC.havelivedthereD.havelefttheuniversity14．I_______aletterfromhimsinceheleft．A．didn'treceiveB．haven'tgotC．didn'thaveD．haven'theard15．—Wherehaveyou_______thesedays？—Ihave_______toDalianwithmyfriends．A．been；goneB．been；beenC．gone；beenD．gone；gone16．Howlonghaveyou_______thisbook？A．boughtB．borrowedC．hadD．lent17．—Where'sPeter？—He_______toNanjing．A．isgoingB．hasbeenC．hasgoneD．went18．Wehavelivedhere_______fiveyearsago．A．whenB．sinceC．beforeD．after19．—Ihavewatchedthegame．—When_______you_______it？A．have；watchedB．do；watchC．did；watchD．will；watch20.MissBrown_______totheGreatWalltwice．A．havebeenB．hasbeenC．havegoneD．hasgone二．用动词的适当形式填空1.I___________already_________(see)thefilm.I_____________(see)itlastweek.

2.—___________he___________(finish)hisworkyet?—Notyet.

3.—___________you___________(be)toHongKong?

—Yes,I____________(be)theretwice.

4.—___________youever____________(eat)chocolate?—No,never.

5.Myfather____________just___________(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.6.—Where'sLiMing?—He___________(go)totheteacher'soffice.

7.I____________(work)heresinceI___________(move)herein1999.

8.—Howlong__________theWangs____________(stay)here?—Fortwoweeks.三.句型转换(每空一词)1.IhavebeentoMacaubefore.(改为否定句)

I____________beentoMacaubefore.

2.Hehasn'tcometoschoolbecausehe'sill.(就划线部分提问)

__________________hecometoschool?

3.HehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.(就划线部分提问)

_________________________________________learnedEnglish?

4.Iboughtanewbikejustnow.(用just改写)

I_______just__________anewbike.

5.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.(改为同义句)

We______________________English_____________threeyears.四．填入has/havebeen或has/havegone.1.Harry：IsawyouinAnnabel'sRestaurantlastnight.

Diana：No,itwasn'tme.I____________never__________there.

2.Sam：Sallyan