四川师范大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

目录

2013年四川师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2014年四川师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2015年四川师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2016年四川师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2017年四川师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2018年四川师范大学211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2013年四川师范大学211翻译硕士

英语考研真题及详解

PartⅠCRAMMAR&VOCABULARY(30points)

Therearethirtysentencesinthissection.Beneatheachsentencethere

arefouranswersmarkedA.B,C,andD.Chooseonethatbestcompletesthe

sentence.Writeyouranswersontheanswersheet

1.Untilthen,hisfamily_____fromhimformorethantenyears.

A.didn’thear

B.hasn’tbeenhearing

C.hasn’theard

D.hadn’theard

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在那之前，他的家人已经十多年没有他的消息了。

句中有个明确的过去时间点“then”(那时)，而“hadn'theard”发生在then之

前(包括then)，所以此句用的是过去完成时。

2._____suchsubject,theprofessoralsotaughtmathematicsand

geography.

A.Outof

B.Inspiteof

C.Inadditionto

D.Exceptfor

【答案】C

【解析】句意：除了这门课，这位教授还教数学和地理。由also可

知，“suchsubject”是包括在教授的课程之内的。

3.I_____Tom,mycollegeroommate,inthelastthreeyears.

A.saw

B.haveseen

C.haven’tseen

D.see

【答案】A

【解析】句意：在过去的三年里，我没有见过我的大学室友汤姆。

根据时间状语inthelastthreeyears可知应该用现在完成时。

4.Thebossofthecompany_____ariseinsalaryforages,butnothing

hashappenedyet.

A.ispromised

B.hasbeenpromising

C.ispromising

D.promised

【答案】B

【解析】句意：公司老板承诺涨工资好几年了，但是至今什么也没

发生。“承诺”这件事从过去就开始了，直到现在还在进行，并有可能继

续持续下去，因此用现在完成进行时。

5.Scarcelyhadtheboatreachedtheopenwater_____itencountered

highwindsandheavyseas.

A.than

B.As

C.when

D.since

【答案】C

【解析】句意：船刚驶到开阔的水面就遇到了大风和巨浪。hardly/

barely/scarcely+hadsth.done+whensth.did一……就……。

6._____hasbeenmentionedabove,theheightofthewallofthePalace

hasbeenalreadymeasured.

A.It

B.As

C.This

D.What

【答案】B

【解析】句意：正如上文所提到的，宫殿墙的高度已经测量过了。

这句话是as引导的非限定性定语从句，指代整个主句的内容。

7.ThelightestelementisHydrogen,theatom__consistsofanucleusof

onlyoneproton,around_____revolvesoneelectron.

A.ofwhich/which

B.its/which

C.who/it

D.that/which

【答案】A

【解析】句意：最轻的元素是氢，其原子由仅含一个质子的原子核

组成，有一个电子绕着这个原子核转动。第一个空为of+which引导定

语从句，of表示从属关系。第二个空为which引导的非限定性定语从

句，which指代上文的proton。

8.It’sreportedthatbytheendofthisyeartheyieldofriceinthearea

_____byabout20%.

A.willhaverisen

B.hasrisen

C.willberising

D.hasbeenrising

【答案】A

【解析】句意：据报道，到今年年底，该地区大米产量将增长约百

分之二十。bytheendof表示“到……为止”，如果后面接将来的时间，句

中用将来完成时。

9“Itisalongtime_____Isawyoulast.”

“Yes.Anditwillbeastilllongertime_____weseeeachotheragain.”

A.before/since

B.since/before

C.then/then

D.when/when

【答案】B

【解析】句意：“自从去年见过一面后，我们很长时间没见了。”“是

的，再次见面恐怕还要过一段时间。”①“Itis/has+时间+since+含过去

时的句子”表示“自从……已经多久了”。②“Itwillbe+时间+

before…”表示“在……之前仍需要一段时间”。

10.Justasthevalueofatelephonenetworkincreaseswitheachnew

phone_____tothesystem,sodoesthevalueofacomputersystemincrease

witheachprogramturnedout.

A.adding

B.tohaveadded

C.toadd

D.added

【答案】D

【解析】句意：正如电话网络的价值随着新电话的加入而增加，计

算机系统的价值也随着每个程序的出现而增加。这里考察的是with接复

合宾语结构。phone和add之间是被动关系，因此用过去分词作宾补。

11.Pleaseexcusemylittlesonifhehasleftanyofyourquestions_____.

A.beenunanswered

B.tounanswer

C.unanswered

D.unanwering

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果我的小儿子有什么问题没有回答你，请原谅

他。这个句子考查的是“leave+宾语+宾语补足语”。anyofyourquestions

和后面作宾补的动词unanswer为被动关系，因此用过去分词形式。

12_____forthehurricane,thevillagehasbeengreatlydamaged.

A.Therewasnoalarm

B.Therebeingnoalarm

C.Beingwithoutalarm

D.Withoutbeingalarm

【答案】B

【解析】句意：由于没有飓风警报，这个村庄遭到了严重的破坏。

这种结构为独立主格结构，一般充当状语，there是逻辑主语，相当于

Becausetherewasnoalarmforthehurricane。

13.Nobodylikeshimbecausehe_____tocurryfavorwiththeboss.

A.isalwaystrying

B.alwaystries

C.doesalwaystry

D.hasalwaystried

【答案】A

【解析】句意：没有人喜欢他，因为他总是试图讨好老板。虽然句

中有always，但是为了加强语气，应该用现在进行时。

14.Lastyear,Georgeearned_____hisbrother,thoughherbrotherhasa

betterposition.

A.twiceasmuchas

B.twiceasmanyas

C.twicethat

D.twiceasmoreas

【答案】A

【解析】句意：去年，乔治赚的钱是他哥哥的两倍，虽然他哥哥的

工作比他的好。“倍数+as+形容词或副词原形+as”的结构表示倍数。

这句话中money为不可数名词，因此要用much。

15._____enoughmoney,Iwouldhaveboughtalargehouse.

A.HadItohave

B.IfIshouldhave

C.HadIhad

D.IfIhad

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果我曾经有足够的钱，我会买一幢大房子。由

wouldhavebought可知，这句话是对过去的虚拟，因此从句应该用过去

完成时，完整表达应为IfIhadenoughmoney。如果if条件句中如有were,

should,had，可以省去if，并使用倒装语序。

16.Inthisfactory,suggestionsoftenhavetowaitformonthsbeforethey

arefully_____.

A.admitted

B.acknowledged

C.absorbed

D.considered

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在这个工厂里，建议往往要等几个月才能被充分考

虑。consider考虑；细想。acknowledge承认；答谢。

17.Theboyslippedoutoftheroomandheadedfortheswimmingpool

withouthisparents’_____.

A.command

B.conviction

C.consent

D.compromise

【答案】C

【解析】句意：在没有得到父母同意的情况下，这个男孩溜出了房

间朝游泳池走去。consent同意，赞成。conviction定罪；深信。

compromise妥协，折中。command命令，指令。

18.Ourresearchhasfocusedonadrugwhichisso_____astobeable

tochangebrainchemistry.

A.powerful

B.influential

C.monstrous

D.vigorous

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我们的研究集中在一种药效强劲，能够改变脑部化

学的药物。powerful可以形容药物的药效强劲。influential有影响的，有

势力的。monstrous巨大的；怪异的。vigorous精力旺盛的。

19.ThelostcaroftheLeeswasfound_____inthewoodsoffthe

highway.

A.vanished

B.abandoned

C.scattered

D.rejected

【答案】B

【解析】句意：莱斯家丢失的汽车被发现遗弃在公路边的树林里。

abandon放弃，抛弃。vanish消失；突然不见。scatter驱使，使分散。

20.Henry’snewsreportcoveringtheconferencewasso_____that

nothinghadbeenomitted.

A.understanding

B.comprehensible

C.comprehensive

D.understandable

【答案】C

【解析】句意：亨利写的关于这次会议的新闻报道十分全面，没有

任何遗漏。comprehensive全面的，广泛的。comprehensible能懂的，可

以理解的。understandable可以理解的，主要用来指人的行为。

understanding用来指人时，表示“善于理解别人或别人问题的”。

21.Shewasafraidthatunlessthetrainspeededupshewouldloseher

_____toScotland.

A.ticket

B.place

C.seat

D.connection

【答案】D

【解析】句意：她担心如果火车不开快一点的话，她就来不及转另

一班火车去苏格兰了。connection在这里指“联运（火车、汽车、飞机

等）”。loseone'sconnectionto误了到……去的（汽车、火车、轮船等）

联运。

22.Theshipwas_____inastormoffJamaica.

A.drowned

B.sunk

C.wrecked

D.submitted

【答案】C

【解析】句意：那艘船在牙买加海域附近的风暴中失事。wreck破

坏；失事。sink可作及物动词，意思是“使下沉”，但是在这句话中不

妥。drown淹死。submit使服从；主张。

23.Morethanone-thirdoftheChineseintheUnitedStateslivein

California,_____inSanFrancisco.

A.previously

B.predominantly

C.practically

D.permanently

【答案】B

【解析】句意：在美国，三分之一的华人住在加利福尼亚州，其中

主要是旧金山。predominantly主要地。practically实际地；几乎。

24.Thenewsecretaryhaswrittenaremarkably_____reportonlyina

fewpagesbutwithallthedetails.

A.concise

B.clear

C.precise

D.elaborate

【答案】A

【解析】句意：新来的秘书写了一篇非常简明的报道，短短几页就

包含了所有的细节。concise简明的，简洁的。precise精确的；明确的。

elaborate精心制作的；详尽的。

25.Thecarwascompletely_____andthedriverseriouslyinjured.

A.brokenoff

B.takenoff

C.writtenoff

D.pickedup

【答案】C

【解析】句意：这辆车完全报废了，司机受了重伤。writeoff勾销；

报废。breakoff折断；突然停止。takeoff起飞；脱下。

26.Themanagingdirectortookthe_____fortheaccidentalthoughit

wasnotreallyhisfault.

A.guilt

B.change

C.blame

D.accusation

【答案】C

【解析】句意：总经理承担了这次事故的责任，虽然并不是他的

错。taketheblamefor承担……责任。takechargeof接管，负责。

27.Theworkeragreedto_____thestrikeifthecompanywouldsatisfy

theirdemands.

A.callfor

B.callforth

C.calloff

D.callup

【答案】C

【解析】句意：如果公司能满足他们的要求，工人们同意停止罢

工。calloff取消；依次叫走。callfor需要，要求。callforth唤起。callup

打电话，召集。

28.Hehasimpressedhisemployersconsiderablyand_____heissoon

tobepromoted.

A.eventually

B.yet

C.finally

D.accordingly

【答案】D

【解析】句意：他给老板留下了非常深刻的印象，因此很快得到了

提拔。accordingly因此，于是。

29.Itwasagreat_____forhimtobepleasanttopeoplehedidn’tlike.

A.attempt

B.trouble

C.power

D.effort

【答案】D

【解析】句意：对他来说，对自己不喜欢的人友善需要极大的努

力。effort在这里作可数名词。

30.Thefiremenmanagedto_____thefireintime.

A.extinguish

B.prevent

C.suppress

D.rain

【答案】A

【解析】句意：消防员们成功地及时扑灭火灾。extinguish扑灭，熄

灭。suppress抑制；镇压。

PARTⅡREADINGCOMPREHENSION

SECTIONA(30points)

Inthissectionthereareseveralpassagesfollowedbyquestionsor

unfinishedstatement,eachwithfoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,Cand

D.ChoosetheonethatyouthinkisthebestanswerWriteyouranswerson

theanswersheet.

TEXTA

Arecentstudy,publishedinlastweek’sJournaloftheAmerican

MedicalAssociation,offersapictureofhowriskyitistogetaliftfroma

teenagedriver.Indeed,a16-year-olddriverwiththreeormorepassengersis

threetimesaslikelytohaveafatalaccidentasateenagerdrivingalone.By

contrast,theriskofdeathfordriversbetween30and59decreaseswitheach

additionalpassenger.

Theauthorsalsofoundthatthedeathratesforteenagedriversincreased

dramaticallyafter10p.m.,andespeciallyaftermidnight.Withpassengersin

thecar,thedriverwasevenmorelikelytodieinalate-nightaccident.

RobertFoss,ascientistattheUniversityofNorthCarolinaHighway

SafetyResearchCenter,saysthehigherdeathratesforteenagedrivershave

lesstodowith“reallystupidbehavior”thanwithjustalackofdriving

experience.“Thebasicissue”hesays,“isthatadultswhoareresponsiblefor

issuinglicensesfailtorecognizehowcomplexandskilledataskdrivingis.”

Bothheandtheauthorofthestudybelievethatthewaytomitigatethe

problemistohavestatesinstituteso-calledgraduatedlicensingsystemsin

whichgettingalicenseisamultistageprocess.Agraduatedlicenserequires

thatateenagerfirstprovehimselfcapableofdrivinginthepresenceofan

adultfollowedbyaperiodofdrivingwithnightorpassengerrestrictions

beforegraduatingtofulldrivingprivileges.

Graduatedlicensingsystemshavereducedteenagedrivercrashes

accordingtorecentstudies.Abouthalfofthestatesnowhavesomesortof

graduatedlicensingsysteminplace,butonlyl0ofthosestateshave

restrictionsonpassengers.Californiaisthestricter,withanovicedriver

prohibitedfromcarryinganypassengerunder20(withoutthepresenceofan

adultover25)forthefirstsixmonths.

31.Whichofthefollowingsituationsismostdangerousaccordingtothe

passage?

A.Adultsgivingalifttoteenagersonthehighwayaffair10p.m.

B.Ateenagerdrivingaftermidnightwithpassengersinthecar.

C.Adultsdrivingwiththreeormoreteenagepassengerslateatnight.

D.Ateenagergettingaliftfromastrangeronthehighwayatmidnight.

32.AccordingtoParagraph3,whichofthefollowingstatementsis

TRUE?

A.Teenagersshouldspendmoretimelearningtodrive.

B.Drivingisaskilltoocomplicatedforteenagerstolearn.

C.Restrictionsshouldbeimposedonteenagersapplyingtotakedriving

lessons.

D.Thelicensingauthoritiesarepartlyresponsibleforteenagers’driving

accidents.

33.Thepresentsituationinabouthalfofthestatesisthatthegraduated

licensingsystem______

A.isunderdiscussion

B.isabouttobesetup

C.hasbeenputintoeffect

D.hasbeenperfected

【答案与解析】

31.B根据第二段句子“…increasedsharplyafter10p.m.,and

especiallyaftermidnight.Withpassengersinthecar,thedriver…”可以推断

出，青少年午夜之后驾车载人是最危险的时候。所以答案选B。

32.D根据第三段最后“…adultswhoareresponsibleforissuing

licensesfailtorecognizehowcomplexandskilledataskdrivingis.”可以判

断，RobertFoss认为负责发放驾照的成年人没能认识到驾驶汽车非常复

杂且技术性很强。所以他们对青少年司机的车祸问题负有责任。

33.C文中最后一段讲到“Abouthalfofthestatesnowhavesomesort

ofgraduatedlicensingsysteminplace”，据此可知，这种发证系统已经在

半数以上的州得以实施。

TEXTB

AboutsixyearsagoIwaseatinglunchinarestaurantinNewYorkCity

whenawomanandayoungboysatdownatthenexttable,Icouldn’thelp

overhearingpartsoftheirconversation.Atonepointthewomanasked,“So,

howhaveyoubeen?”Andtheboy—whocouldnothavebeenmorethan

sevenoreightyearsold—replied.”Frankly,I’vebeenfeelingalittle

depressedlately.”

Thisincidentstuckinmymindbecauseitconfirmedmygrowingbelief

thatchildrenarechanging.AsfarasIcanremember,myfriendsandIdidn’t

findoutwewere“depressed”,thatis,inlowspirits,untilwewereinhigh

school.

Undoubtedlyachangeinchildrenhasincreasedsteadilyinrecentyears.

Childrendon’tseemchildlikeanymore.Childrenspeakmorelikeadults,

dressmorelikeadultsandbehavemorelikeadultsthantheyusedto.

Whetherthisisgoodorbadisdifficulttosay,butitcertainlyis

different.Childhoodasitoncewasnolongerexists.Why?

Humandevelopmentisdependednotonlyonbornbiologicalstates,but

alsoonpatternsofgainingsocialknowledge.Movementfromonesocialrole

toanotherusuallyinvolveslearningthesecretsofthenewsocialpositions.

Childrenhavealwaysbeentaughtadultsecrets,butslowlyandinstages;

traditionally,wetellsixthgradersthingswekeephiddenfromfifthgraders.

Inthelast30years,however,asecret-revelationmachinehasbeen

equippedin98percentofAmericanhomes.Itiscalledtelevision.Television

passesinformationtoallviewersalike,whethertheyarechildrenoradults.

Unabletoresistthetemptation,manychildrenturntheirattentionfrom

printedtextstothelesschallenging,moreattractivemovingpictures.

Communicationthroughprint,asamatteroffact,allowsforagreatdeal

ofcontroloverthesocialinformationwhichchildrenwillgain.Childrenmust

readsimplebooksbeforetheycanreadcomplexmaterials.

34.Accordingtotheauthor,feelingdepressedis________.

A.asuresignofapsychologicalprobleminachild

B.somethinghardlytobeexpectedinayoungchild

C.aninevitablehasofchildren’smentaldevelopment

D.amentalscalepresentinallhumans,includingchildren

35.Thephenomenonthattoday’schildrenseemadultlikeisattributed

bytheauthorto________.

A.thewidespreadinfluenceoftelevision

B.thepoorarrangementofteachingcontent

C.thefastpaceofhumanintellectualdevelopment

D.theconstantlyrisingstandardofliving

36.Whyistheauthorinfavorofcommunicationthroughprintfor

children?

A.Itenableschildrentogainmoresocialinformation.

B.Itdevelopschildren’sinterestinreadingandwriting.

C.Ithelpschildrentomemorizeandpracticemore.

D.Itcancontrolwhatchildrenaretolearn.

37.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofthechangeintoday’schildren?

A.Hefeelsamusedbychairprematurebehavior.

B.Hethinksitisaphenomenonworthyofnote.

C.Heconsidersitapositivedevelopment.

D.Heseemstobeupsetaboutit.

【答案与解析】

34.B作者第一段讲述了听到一个小孩说自己“depressed”，作者对

此很惊讶，第二段说到他和他的朋友直到高中才发现自己会情绪低落，

由此可见作者认为对于年龄小的孩子来说，“depressed”是很难想象的。

35.A根据第六段“Televisionpassesinformationtoallviewersalike,

whethertheyarechildrenoradults.”可知，作者认为是电视的普及让孩子

们出现了这样的特征。

36.D由最后一段“Communicationthroughprint…controloverthe

socialinformationwhichchildrenwillgain.”可知，作者认为印刷媒介可以

控制孩子们所获得的信息。

37.B文章中，作者提出了孩子们的变化并分析了原因，最后给出

了解决措施，根据作者的语气和观点可以看出，他认为孩子们的这些变

化应该引起人们足够的重视。

TEXTC

Hawaii’snativeminorityisdemandingagreaterdegreeofsovereignty

overitsownaffairs.Butmuchofthearchipelago’spoliticalestablishment,

whichincludestheWhiteAmericanswhodominateduntiltheSecondWorld

WarandpeopleofJapanese,ChineseandFilipinoorigin,isopposedtothe

idea.

TheislandswereannexedbytheUSin1898andsincethenHawaii’s

nativepeopleshavefaredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups.They

makeupover60percentofthestate’shomeless,sufferlevelsof

unemploymentandtheirlifespanisfiveyearslessthantheaverage

Hawaiians.TheyaretheonlymajorUSnativegroupwithoutsomedegreeof

autonomy.

ButasovereigntyadvisorycommitteesetupbyHawaii’sfirstnative

governor,JohnWaihee,hasgiventhenatives’causeamajorboostbe

recommendingthattheHawaiiannativesdecidebythemselveswhethertore-

establishasovereignHawaiiannation.

However,theHawaiiannativesarenotunitedintheirdemands.Some

justwantgreaterautonomywiththestate—asenjoyedbymanyAmerican

Indiannativesovermatterssuchaseducation.Thisisapositionsupportedby

theOfficeofHawaiianAffairs(OHA),astateagencysetupin1978to

representtonatives’interestsandwhichhasnowbecomethemoderateface

ofthenativesovereigntymovement.MoreambitiousintheKaLahuigroup,

whichdeclareditselfanewnationin1987andwantsfull,official

independencefromtheUS.

ButifHawaiiannativesaregivengreaterautonomy,itisfarfromclear

howmanypeoplethiswillapplyto.Thestateauthoritiesonlycountasnative

thosepeoplewithmorethan50percentHawaiianblood.

Nativedemandsarenotjustbasedonpoliticalgrievances,though.They

alsowanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobe

accepted.Itisonthisissuethatnativegroupsarefacingmostopposition

fromthestateauthorities.In1933,thestategovernmentpaidtheOHAUS

$136millioninbackrentonthecrownlandandmanyofficialssaythatby

acceptingthispaymenttheagencyhasgivenupitsclaimstolegallyownthe

land.TheOHAhasvigorouslydisputedthis.

38.WhichofthefollowingstatementistrueoftheHawaiiannatives?

A.Theyaretheonlynativegroupwithoutsovereignty.

B.Theirlifespanis5yearsshorterthanaverageAmericans.

C.Sixtypercentofthemarehomelessorunemployed.

D.TheirlifeisworsethanthatofotherethnicgroupsinHawaii.

39.Whichofthefollowinggroupsholdsalessradicalattitudeonthe

matterofsovereignty?

A.TheHawaiiannatives.

B.AmericanIndiannatives.

C.OfficeofHawaiianAffairs.

D.TheKaLahuigroup.

40.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofJohnWaihee?

A.Hesuggestedthatthenativepeopledecideforthemselves.

B.Heisleadingthelocalindependencemovement.

C.HeisHawaii’sfirstnativegovernor.

D.Hehassetupasovereigntyadvisorycommittee.

41.VariousnativeHawaiiansdemandallthefollowing

EXCEPT______.

A.morebackrentonthecrownland

B.fullindependencefromtheUS

C.agreaterautonomywithinthestate

D.aclaimontheHawaiiancrownland

【答案与解析】

38.D根据第二段第一句“...sincethenHawaii'snativepeoplehave

faredworsethananyofitsotherethnicgroups”可知，夏威夷原住民的生活

比其他民族差。

39.C第四段中提到OfficeofHawaiianAffairs“hasnowbecomethe

moderatefaceofthenativesovereigntymovement”，moderate与题干中的

lessradical相对应。

40.B文章第三段中提到JohnWaihee是夏威夷第一位土著人州长，

他建立了一个主权建议委员会，并建议夏威夷土著人自己决定是否要成

立一个主权国家，但是并未提到他领导了当地的独立解放运动，所以选

B。

41.A文章第四段指出“...somejustwantgreaterautonomywithinthe

state”，后面又指出“...moreambitiousistheKaLahuigroup,which...wants

full,officialindependencefromtheUS”，文章最后一段又提到“...theyalso

wanttheirclaimon660,000hectaresofHawaiiancrownlandtobe

accepted”，由此可见选项B，C，D文章中都提到了，所以正确选项为

A。

TEXTD

Manyofthemostdamagingandlifethreateningtypesofweather

torrentialrains,severethunderstorms,andtornadoes--beginquickly,strike

suddenly,anddisappearrapidly,destroyingsmallregionswhileleaving

neighboringareasuntouched.Sucheventasatornadostruckthenortheastern

sectionofEdmonton,Alberta,inJuly1987.Totaldamagesfromthetornado

exceeded$250million,thehighesteverforanyCanadianstorm.

Conventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherehavelimitedvaluein

predictingshortlivedlocalstormsliketheEdmontontornado,becausethe

availableweatherdataaregenerallynotdetailedenoughtoallowcomputers

tostudycarefullythesubtleatmosphericchangesthatcomebeforethese

storms.Inmostnations,forexample,weather-balloonobservationsare

takenjustonceeverytwelvehoursatlocationstypicallyseparatedby

hundredsofmiles.Withsuchlimiteddata,conventionalforecastingmodels

doamuchbetterjobpredictinggeneralweatherconditionsoverlargeregions

thantheydoforecastingspecificlocalevents.

Untilrecently,theobservationintensiveapproachneededforaccurate,

veryshort-rangeforecasts,or“Nowcasts”,wasnotfeasible.Thecostofe

quippingandoperatingmanythousandsofconventionalweatherstationswas

extremelyhigh,andthedifficultiesinvolvedinrapidlycollectingand

processingtherawweatherdatafromsuchanetworkwerehardtoovercome.

Fortunately,scientificandtechnologicaladvanceshaveovercomemostof

theseproblems.Radarsystems,automatedweatherinstruments,andsatellites

areallcapableofmakingdetailed,nearlycontinuousobservationoverlarge

regionsatarelativelylowcost.Communicationssatellitescantransmitdata

aroundtheworldcheaplyandinstantaneously,andmodemcomputerscan

quicklycompileandanalyzethislargevolumeofweatherinformation.

Meteorologistsandcomputerscientistsnowworktogethertodesign

computerprogramsandvideoequipmentcapableoftransformingraw

weatherdataintowords,symbols,andvividgraphicdisplaysthatforecasters

caninterpreteasilyandquickly.Asmeteorologistshavebegunusingthese

newtechnologiesinweatherforecastingoffices,nowcastingisbecominga

reality.

42.Conventionalcomputermodelsoftheatmospherefailstopredict

suchashort-livedtornadobecause______.

A.thecomputerisnotusedtoforecastspecificlocalevents

B.thecomputersarenotadvancedenoughtopredictit

C.theweatherdatapeoplecollectareoftenwrong.

D.weatherconditionsinsomesmallregionsarenotavailable

43.Accordingtothepassage,theword“Nowcasts”(paragraph3)

means______.

A.awayofcollectingrawweatherdata

B.aforecastwhichcanpredicttheweatherconditionsinthesmallarea

inanaccurateway

C.anetworktocollectinstantweatherdata

D.amoreadvancedsystemofweatherobservation

44.Accordingtotheauthor,thepassagemainlydealswith______.

A.atornadoinEdmonton,Alberta

B.what’sa“Nowcasts”

C.thedisadvantageofconventionalcomputermodelsoftheweather

fore-cast

D.abreakthroughinweatherforecast

【答案与解析】

42.D第一段讲到，传统的大气电脑模式没能对此进行预测，原因

在于可获得的天气数据细节太少，不足以让计算机进行研究和预测。故

选D。

43.B根据该词前面的解释“accurate,short-rangeforecasts”可以推断

出Nowcast的意思为“准确、及时的天气预报”。

44.D文章一开始讲述了某次龙卷风造成的损失，并指出直到最

近，由于高科技的发展解决了人们收集天气数据时的种种问题，才使得

Nowcast这种准确、及时的天气预报成为现实。因此，文章主要讲述天

气预报方面的一大突破。

TEXTE

Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewhoarealwayssayingthatgiventhe

choicewewouldprefertoliveinthecountryawayfromthedirtandnoiseof

alargecity.Ihavemanagedtoconvincemyselfthatifitweren’tformyjobI

wouldimmediatelyheadoutfortheopenspacesandgobacktonaturein

somesleepyvillageburiedinthecountry.Buthowrealisticisthedream?

Citiescanbefrighteningplaces.Themajorityofthepopulationlivesin

massivetowerblocks,noisy,dirtyandimpersonal.Thesenseofbelongingto

acommunitytendstodisappearwhenyoulivefifteenfloorsup.Allyoucan

seefromyourwindowissky,orotherblocksofflats.Childrenbecome

aggressiveandnervous—coopedupathomeallday,withnowheretoplay;

theirmothersfeelisolatedfromtherestoftheworld.Strangelyenough,

whereasinthepasttheinhabitantsofonestreetallkneweachother,

nowadayspeopleontiresamefloorintowerblocksdon’tevensayhelloto

eachother.

Countrylife,ontheotherhand,differsfromthiskindofisolated

existenceinthatasenseofcommunitygenerallybindstheinhabitantsof

smallvillagestogether.Peoplehavetheadvantageofknowingthatthereis

alwayssomeonetoturntowhentheyneedhelp.Butcountrylifehas

disadvantagestoo.Whileitistruethatyoumaybeamongfriendsina

village,itisalsotruethatyouarecutofffromtheexcitingandimportant

eventsthattakeplaceincities.There’slittlepossibilityofgoingtoanew

showorthelatestmovie.Shoppingbecomesamajorproblem,andfor

anythingslightlyoutoftheordinaryyouhavetogoonanexpeditiontothe

nearestlargetown.Thecity-dwellerwholeavesforthecountryisoften

oppressedbyasenseofunbearablestillnessandquietness.

What,then,istheanswer?Thecountryhastheadvantageofpeaceand

quiet,butsuffersfromthedisadvantageofbeingcutoff;thecitybreedsa

feelingofisolation,andconstantnoisebattersthesenses.Butoneofitsmain

advantagesisthatyouareatthecentreofthings;andthatlifedoesn’tcometo

anendathalfpastnineatnight.Somepeoplehavefound(orratherbought)a

compromisebetweenthetwo:theyhaveexpressedtheirpreferenceforthe

“quietlife”byleavingthesuburbsandmovingtovillageswithincommuting

distanceoflargecities.Theygenerallyhaveaboutasmuchsensitivityasthe

plasticflowerstheyleavebehind—theyarepollutedwithstrangeideasabout

changeandimprovementwhichtheyforceontotheunwillingoriginal

inhabitantsofthevillage.

Whatthenofmydreamsofleaningonacottagegateandmurmuring

“morning”tothelocalsastheypassby?I’mkeenontheidea,butyousee

there’smycat,Toby.I’mnotatallsurethathewouldtaketoallthatfreshair

andexerciseinthelonggrass.Imean,canyouseehimmixingwithallthose

heartymalesdownthefarm?No,hewouldratherhavetheelectricimitation-

coalfireanyevening.

45.Wegettheimpressionfromthefirstparagraphthattheauthor

_____.

A.usedtoliveinthecountry

B.usedtoliveinthecity

C.worksinthecity

D.livesinthecountry

46.Intheauthor’sopinion,thefollowingmaycausecitypeopletobe

unhappyEXCEPT_____.

A.astrongsenseoffear

B.alackofcommunication

C.housingconditions

D.asenseofisolation

47.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingadjectivesbest

describesthosepeoplewhoworkinlargecitiesandliveinvillages?

A.Original

B.Quiet

C.Arrrogant

D.Insensitive

48.Doyouthinktheauthorwillmovetothecountry?

A.Yes,hewilldoso

B.No,hewillnotdoso

C.Itisdifficulttotell

D.Heisinminds

【答案与解析】

45.C第一段作者提到“Iamoneofthemanycitypeoplewho…”，后

面又说到，如果不是因为工作，他可能会立马回到自然中，由此可见作

者在城市里工作。

46.A根据第二段中“…populationlivesinmassi