高中英语人教版必修二-Unit3-课文内容

必修二Unit3课文内容IdevelopedveryslowlyandittooknearlytwohundredyearsbeforeIwasbuiltasananalyticalmachinebyCharlesBabbage.本句是由并列连词and连接的并列句。and后的句子中before引导时间状语从句。△before引导时间状语从句before引导时间状语从句时可以根据语境译作“过了……（时间）才……”，“还没来得及……就……”或“在……之前”。Theywalkedabout30milesbeforetheysawavillage.Wehadn’trunamilebeforehefelttired.△before常用于以下句型中：=1\*GB2⑴Itwas+时间段+before...“过了……才……”，从句常用一般过去时。=2\*GB2⑵Itwasnotlongbefore...“不久就……”，从句常用一般过去时。=3\*GB2⑶Itwillnotbelongbefore...“不久就会……”，从句常用一般现在时。=4\*GB2⑷Itwillbe+时间段+before...“要过……才……”，从句常用一般现在时。Itwasfivedaysbeforehecameback.Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.Itwillnotbelongbeforetheyunderstandeachother.Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromtheschool.练习：1.Itwasevening______wereachedthelittletownofWinchester.A.thatB.untilC.sinceD.before2.Scientistssayitmaybefiveorsixyears______itispossibletotestthismedicineonhumanpatients.A.sinceB.afterC.beforeD.when3.Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenight,buttheyhungup______Icouldanswerthephone.A.asB.sinceC.untilD.before4.Hemadeamistake,butthenhecorrectedthesituation______itgotworse.A.untilB.whenC.beforeD.as5.Itwassometime_____werealizedthetruth.A.whenB.untilC.sinceD.before6.TheAmericanCivilWarlastedfouryears_____theNorthwonintheend.A.afterB.beforeC.whenD.then7.–Whydidn’tyoutellhimaboutthemeeting?–Herushedoutoftheroom_____Icouldsayaword.A.beforeB.untilC.whenD.after8.–Howlongdoyouthinkitwillbe______Chinasendsamannedspaceshiptothemoon?–Perhapstwoorthreeyears.A.whenB.untilC.thatD.beforeAnyhow,mygoalistoprovidehumanswithalifeofhighquality.本句为简单句。mygoal为主语；动词不定式短语toprovide...为表语；ofhighquality作定语，修饰alife.△“of+名词”结构“of+名词”结构可在句中作表语、定语和补语。该结构可分为两类：=1\*GB2⑴名词有相应的形容词时，“of+名词”可转化为相应的形容词。这类名词有value,use,important,help,interest,benefit等。它们可用no,some,any,little,much,great等词修饰。Theyareofgreathelp(=veryhelpful)toEnglishlearners.Infact,sportscanbeofgreatbenefit(=verybeneficial)toourhealth.=2\*GB2⑵名次没有相应的形容词时，“of+名词”没有相应的形容词形式。常见的名词有age,size,color,weight,quality,height,price,opinion,shape,kind,way等，这些名词前的限定词常为a,an,thesame等。Mr.Smith,myteacher,isofthesameopinion.Weareofthesameage.Tomisofadifferentwayofthinking.练习：=1\*GB2⑴–ThisbookbyTonyGarrisionis______forourcourse.–ButIthinkhislatestoneisbetterworthreading.A.uselessB.ofnouseC.ofgreatuseD.greatuseful=2\*GB2⑵完成句子=1\*GB3①这项工程对每个人都大有好处。Thisprojectis______________________________(benefit)toeveryone.=2\*GB3②同时，性别差异的主题也很有趣。Also,thetopicofsexdifferencesis____________________________(interest).=3\*GB3③在这个地区，我们学校的教学质量是最好的。Ourschooleducationis________________________(quality)inthisarea.AstimesentbyIdidresearchintohowtomakemyradio.本句中astimesentby为as引导的时间状语从句，howtomakemyradio作介词into的宾语。△as引导的时间状语从句=1\*GB2⑴as引导时间状语从句，意为“随着，当……”，强调主从句的谓语动作同时发生。Asshotsrang,peoplecouldbeseenrunningoutofthebuilding.=2\*GB2⑵as引导比较状语从句，意为“像……一样”。HeisasoldasI(am).=3\*GB2⑶as引导方式状语从句，意为“照……的方式”。WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.=4\*GB2⑷as引导原因状语，意为“因为，由于”。”Asshehasnocar,shecan’tgetthereeasily.=5\*GB2⑸as引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”，此时从句需用部分倒装结构。Happyas/thoughtheywere,therewassomethingmissing.Childas/thoughheis,heknowsalot.练习：=1\*GB2⑴Stupid______itsounds,IwassoinlovewithherthatIbelievedher.A.althoughB.asC.whileD.when=2\*GB2⑵Lessonscanbelearnedtofacethefuture,_______historycannotbechanged.A.thoughB.asC.sinceD.unless=3\*GB2⑶完成句子=1\*GB3①我们最好快一点，因为天就要黑了。Wehadbetterhurry,_________________________________________.也有所不同。=1\*GB2⑴肯定句形式主语+have/hasbeendone+其他ThebridgeovertheYellowRiverhasjustbeencompleted.Thechickenhasbeenstewedfortwohours.=2\*GB2⑵否定句形式主语+have/hasnotbeendone+其他Theyhaven’tbeentoldtheexcitingnewyet,havethey?Thesecond-handcarhasnotbeensold.=3\*GB2⑶一般疑问句形式Have/Has+主语+beendone+其他–Hasherworkbeenfinished?–Yes,ithas.=4\*GB2⑷特殊疑问句形式特殊疑问词+have/has+主语+beendone+其他Howlonghasthemachinebeenused?现在完成时的被动语态用法=1\*GB2⑴表示被动的动作在说话之前已经完成，强调过去的动作对现在造成的影响或产生的结果，通常与already,yet,never,recently等副词及时间状语sofar,bynow,uptillnow,since等连用。Theroomhasalreadybeencleaned.(现在已不用打扫房间)Thedoctorhasn’tbeensentforyet.（现在应派人去请医生）真题：=1\*GB3①Despitethepreviousroundsoftalks,noagreement__________sofarbythetwosides.A.hasbeenreachedB.wasreachedC.willreachD.willhavereached=2\*GB3②Shakespeare’splayHamlet__________intoatleasttendifferentfilmsoverthepastyears.A.hadbeenmadeB.wasmadeC.hasbeenmadeD.wouldbemade=3\*GB3③EveryyearafloodoffarmersarriveinShenzhenforthemoney-makingjobsthey_________beforeleavingtheirhometowns.A.promisedB.werepromisedC.havepromisedD.havebeenpromised=2\*GB2⑵表示一个被动的动作或状态从过去开始一直持续到现在，并可能持续下去，常与for或since等引出的时间状语（从句）连用，或用于howlong引出的句子中。Themachinehasbeenrepairedfortwohours.Howlonghastheprojectbeencarriedout?=3\*GB2⑶用在条件状语从句中，表示将来某时已经完成的动作。We’llstartassoonastheworkhasbeenfinished.真题：Wewon’tstarttheworkuntilallthepreparations_________.A.arebeingmadeB.willbemadeC.havebeenmadeD.hadbeenmade从句中的动作若要表示比谓语动作之前发生，遵循以下原则：主句：一般现在时/一般将来时从句：现在完成时主句：一般过去时从句：过去完成时现在完成时的被动语态的注意事项=1\*GB2⑴现在完成时的被动语态有两个助动词，即have/has和been，缺一不可。=2\*GB2⑵现在完成时的被动语态与一般过去时的被动语态的区别：一般过去时的被动语态表示一个被动的动作发生在过去某个时间，其结果对现在没有影响；而现在完成时的被动语态侧重于表示动作或状态尽管发生在过去，但该动作或状态对现在造成了影响（或产生了结果）。Thebigfirewasputouttwohoursago.Thebigfirehasbeenputout.真题：=1\*GB3①Ihadastrongdesiretoreachinandplaywiththetoy,but______thankfullybytheshopwindow.A.amheldbackB.heldbackC.holdbackD.washeldback=2\*GB3②–Didyouenjoytheparty?–Yes,we________wellbyourhosts.A.weretreatedB.wouldbetreatedC.treatedD.hadtreated=3\*GB3③Thediamondmine________accidentallybyalittleboywhenhewasplayinghide-and-seek.A.discoveredB.wasdiscoveredC.hasbeendiscoveredD.woulddiscovered=3\*GB2⑶finish,buy,start,begin,return,borrow,join,open等非延续性动词的现在完成时的被动语态不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。这个工程开始多久了？【误】Howlonghasthisprojectbeenstarted?【正】Howlongagowasthisprojectstarted?=4\*GB2⑷只带有一个宾语的动词变为被动语态时，讲主动句的宾语变为被动句的主语，例如：主动：Wehavebuiltmanybridgesinthepasttenyears.被动：Manybridgeshavebeenbuilt(byus)inthepasttenyears.=5\*GB2⑸带有双宾语的动词，如：give,send,bring,take,teach,show,tell,make,sing,write,sell,buy,ask,pay,lend,offer,hand,pass,get,promise等，变为被动语态时，可将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个保持不变，但要注意间接宾语与介词的搭配。主动：Hehassentmeane-mail.被动：Ihavebeensentane-mail.被动：Ane-mailhasbeensenttome.=6\*GB2⑹短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在被动结构中要保持其完整性，不可省略短语动词中的介词或副词。Itissaidthattheproblemhasbeenlookedinto.练习：I．将主动句变为被动句或被动句变为主动句1.MyfatherhasrepairedtheTVset._____________________________________________________________________2.Theteacherhasborrowedthebooks._____________________________________________________________________3.Theyhaveaskedhimsomequestions._____________________________________________________________________4.Thecakehasbeeneatenbyhim._____________________________________________________________________5.Thehousehasbeensetfiretobyhim._____________________________________________________________________II.用所给词的适当形式填空1.Alotofsurvivors________(rescue)bythesoldiersinthatareawheretheearthquakehappenedsinceyesterday.2.Thetopic________(talk)aboutforalongtimeontheInternet.3.–Whynotgointothereadingroom?–Thedoor________(lock).4.________yournewnovel________(translated)intoEnglishrecently?5.Thesportsmeetingofourschool________(put)offbecauseofbadweather.6.Bynowthehouse________(paint)twice.7.Thenews________(give)awaysofar.’8.Bythetimehewastenyearsold,he________(learn)threeforeignlanguages.III.单项选择1.–Whydoesthelakesmellterrible?–Becauselargequantitiesofwater_________.A.havepollutedB.isbeingpo