小学生必须掌握的常用英语单词

小学生必须掌握的常用英语单词一、基数词1-10:onetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnineten11-19:eleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeennineteen20-29:twenty21twenty-one以此类推30-39:thirty31thirty-one以此类推40-49:forty41forty-one以此类推50-59:fifty51fifty-one以此类推60-69:sixty61sixty-one以此类推70-79:seventy71seventy-one以此类推80-89:eighty81eighty-one以此类推90-99:ninety91ninety-one以此类推100:onehundred1000:Onethousand10000:tenthousand百万:onemillion二、序数词第1-10：first

second

third

fourth

fifth

sixth

seventh

eighth

ninth

tenth第11-19；eleventh

twelfth

thirteenth

fourteenth

fifteenth

sixteenth

seventeenth

eighteenth

nineteenth第20-29：twentieth

twenty-first

twenty-second

twenty-third

twenty-fourthtwenty-fifthtwenty-sixthtwenty-seventh

twenty-eighth

twenty-ninth第30-39：thirtieth

第31thirty-first以此类推第40-49：fortieth第41forty-first以此类推第50-59：fiftieth第51fifty-first以此类推第60-69；sixtieth第61sixty-first以此类推第70-79：seventieth第71seventy-first以此类推第80-89：eightieth第81eighty-first以此类推第90-99：ninetieth第91ninety-first以此类推第100onehundredth第1000onethousandth第1001onethousandthandone三、1-12个月January一月February二月March三月April四月May五月June六月July七月August八月September九月October十月November十一月December十二月四、四个季节spring春季summer夏季autumn/fall秋季winter冬季五、周一-周日星期一Monday星期二Tuesday星期三Wednesday星期四Thursday星期五Friday星期六Saturday星期天Sunday六、家庭成员称谓父亲：father母亲：mother哥哥：brother姐姐：sister,祖父：grandfather祖母：grandmother叔叔：uncle阿姨：aunt,堂哥/姐：brother/sister-in-law侄子：nephew丈夫：husband妻子：wife女儿：daughter儿子：son七、体育运动体操gymnastics游泳swimming击剑fencing举重weightlifting棒球baseball篮球basketball排球volleyball乒乓球tabletennis足球soccer/football跳水diving马球polo水球waterpolo垒球softball网球tennis赛艇canoe冲浪surfing自行车cycling羽毛球badminton田径trackandfield手球handball摔交wrestling拳击boxing射箭toxophily射击shooting柔道judo骑马equestrian曲棍球hockey橄榄球rugby八、学习用品pen钢笔pencil铅笔pencil-case铅笔盒ruler尺子book书bag包comicbook漫画书postcard明信片newspaper报纸schoolbag书包eraser橡皮crayon蜡笔sharpener卷笔刀story-book故事书notebook笔记本Chinesebook语文书Englishbook英语书mathbook数学书magazine杂志dictionary词典九、人体foot脚head头face脸hair头发nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm手臂hand手finger手指leg腿tail尾巴十、颜色red红blue蓝yellow黄green绿white白black黑pink粉红purple紫orange橙brown棕十一、动物cat猫dog狗pig猪duck鸭rabbit兔horse马elephant大象ant蚂蚁fish鱼bird鸟eagle鹰beaver海狸snake蛇mouse老鼠squirrel松鼠kangaroo袋鼠monkey猴panda熊猫bear熊lion狮子tiger老虎十二、职业teacher教师student学生doctor医生nurse护士driver司机farmer农民singer歌唱家writer作家actor男演员actress女演员artist画家TVreporter电视台记者engineer工程师accountant会计policeman(男)警察salesperson销售员cleaner清洁工baseballplayer棒球运发动assistant售货员police警察十三、食品、饮料rice米饭bread面包beef牛肉milk牛奶water水egg蛋fish鱼tofu豆腐cake蛋糕hotdog热狗hamburger汉堡包Frenchfries炸薯条cookie曲奇biscuit饼干jam果酱noodles面条meat肉chicken鸡肉pork猪肉mutton羊肉vegetable蔬菜salad沙拉soup汤ice冰ice-cream冰淇淋Coke可乐juice果汁tea茶coffee咖啡breakfast早餐lunch午餐dinner/supper晚餐meal一餐十四、水果、蔬菜apple苹果banana香蕉pear梨orange橙watermelon西瓜grape葡萄eggplant茄子greenbeans青豆tomato西红柿potato土豆peach桃strawberry草莓cucumber黄瓜onion洋葱carrot胡萝卜cabbage卷心菜十五、衣服jacket夹克衫shirt衬衫T-shirt丅恤衫skirt短裙子dress连衣裙jeans牛仔裤pants长裤socks袜子shoes鞋子sweater毛衣coat上衣raincoat雨衣shorts短裤sneakers网球鞋slippers拖鞋sandals凉鞋boots靴子hat(有沿的)帽子cap便帽sunglasses太阳镜tie领带scarf围巾gloves手套trousers裤子cloth布十六、交通工具bike自行车bus公共汽车train火车boat小船ship轮船yacht快艇car小汽车taxi出租车jeep吉普车van小货车；面包车plane/airplane飞机subway/underground地铁motorcycle摩托车十七、杂物window窗户door门desk课桌chair椅子bed床computer计算机board写字板fan风扇light灯teacher'sdesk讲台picture图画；照片wall墙壁floor地板curtain窗帘trashbin垃圾箱closet壁橱mirror镜子endtable床头柜football/soccer足球present礼物walkman随身听lamp台灯phonesofa沙发shelf书架fridge冰箱table桌子TV电视air-conditioner空调key钥匙lock锁photo照片chart图表plate盘子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子chopsticks筷子pot锅gift礼物toy玩具doll洋娃娃ball球balloon气球kite风筝jigsawpuzzle拼图游戏box盒子umbrella伞zipper拉链violin小提琴yo-yo溜溜球nest鸟窝hole洞tube管子toothbrush牙刷menu菜单e-card电子卡片e-mail电子邮件trafficlight交通灯money钱medicine药十八、地点home家room房间bedroom卧室bathroom卫生间livingroom起居室kitchen厨房classroom教室school学校park公园library图书馆postoffice邮局policeoffice警察局hospital医院cinema电影院bookstore书店farm农场zoo动物园garden花园study书房playground操场canteen食堂teacher'soffice教师办公室library图书馆gym体育馆washroom卫生间artroom绘画教室computerroom计算机教室musicroom音乐教室TVroom电视机房flat公寓company公司factory工厂fruitstand水果摊petshop宠物商店naturepark自然公园themepark主题公园sciencemuseum科学博物馆theGreatWall长城supermarket超市bank银行country国家village乡村city城市hometown家乡busstop公交车站十九、课程sports体育运动science科学MoralEducation思想品德课SocialStudies社会课Chinese语文math数学PE体育课English英语课二十、国家、城市China/PRC中国America/USA美国UK联合王国England英国Canada/CAN加拿大Australia澳大利亚NewYork纽约London伦敦Sydney悉尼Moscow莫斯科Cairo开罗二十一、气象cold寒冷的warm温暖的cool凉爽的snowy下雪的sunny晴朗的hot炎热的rainy下雨的windy有风的cloudy多云的weatherreport天气预报二十二、景物river河流lake湖泊stream河；溪forest森林path小道road公路house房子bridge桥building建筑物rain雨cloud云sun太阳mountain山sky天空rainbow彩虹wind风air空气moon月亮二十三、植物flower花grass草tree树seed种子sprout苗plant植物rose玫瑰leaf叶子二十四、方位south南north北east东west西left左边right右边二十五、患病haveafever发烧hurt疼痛haveacold感冒haveatoothache牙疼haveaheadache头疼haveasorethroat喉咙疼二十六、形容词big大的small小的long长的tall高的short短的；矮的young年轻的old旧的；老的strong健壮的thin瘦的active积极活泼的quiet安静的nice好看的kind和蔼亲切的strict严格的smart聪明的funny滑稽可笑的tasty好吃的sweet甜的salty咸的sour酸的fresh新鲜的favourite最喜爱的clean干净的tired疲劳的excited兴奋的angry生气的happy快乐的bored无聊的sad忧愁的taller更高的shorter更矮的stronger更强壮的older年龄更大的younger更年轻的bigger更大的heavier更重的longer更长的thinner更瘦的smaller更小的good好的fine好的great很好的heavy重的new新的fat胖的happy快乐的right对的hungry饥饿的cute逗人喜爱的little小的lovely可爱的beautiful漂亮的colourful色彩鲜艳的pretty漂亮的cheap廉价的expensive昂贵的juicy多汁的tender嫩的healthy健康的ill有病的helpful有帮助的high高的easy简单的proud骄傲的sick有病的better更好的higher更高的二十七、介词in在……里on在……上；在……时候under在……下面near在……的旁边behind在……后边nextto与……相邻over在……上面infrontof在……前面二十八、代词I我we我们you你；你们he他she她it它they他〔她，它〕们my我的our我们的your你的；你们的his他的her她的二十九、动词play〔.ed〕玩；踢

swim(swam)游泳skate滑冰fly(flew)飞jump跳walk走run(run)跑climb爬fight(fought)打架swing(swung)荡eat(ate)吃sleep(slept)睡觉like像，喜欢have(had)有；吃turn转弯buy(bought)买take(took)买；带live居住teach〔taught〕教go(went)去study(studied)学习learn学习sing(sang)唱歌dance跳舞row划do(did)做dohomework做作业dohousework做家务watchTV看电视read(read)books读书cookthemeals做饭watertheflowers浇花sweep(swept)thefloor扫地

cleanthebedroom清扫卧室make(made)thebed铺床set(set)thetable摆饭桌washtheclothes洗衣服dothedishes洗碗碟useacomputer使用计算机domorningexercises晨练；做播送操eatbreakfast吃早饭eatdinner吃晚饭gotoschool上学haveEnglishclass上英语课playsports进行体育运动get〔got〕up起床climbmountains爬山goshopping买东西playthepiano弹钢琴visitgrandparents看望〔外〕祖父母gohiking去远足flykites放风筝makeasnowman堆雪人planttrees种树draw(drew)pictures画画cookdinner做饭readabook看书answerthephone接listentomusic听音乐cleantheroom清扫房间write(wrote)aletter写信writeane-mail写电子邮件drink(drank)water喝水takepictures照相watchinsects观察昆虫pickupleaves采摘树叶doanexperiment做实验catchbutterflies捉蝴蝶countinsects数昆虫collectinsects收集昆虫collectleaves收集树叶writeareport写报告playchess下棋haveapicnic举行野餐getto到达ride(rode)abike骑自行车playtheviolin拉小提琴makekites制作风筝collectstamps集邮meet(met)见面welcome欢送thank谢谢love爱work工作drink(drank)喝taste尝smell闻feed(fed)喂养shear剪milk挤奶look看guess猜help帮助pass传递show展示use使用clean清扫open翻开close关上put放paint绘画tell(told)告诉kick踢bounce反弹ride(rode)骑stop(stopped)停wait等find(found)寻找到drive(drove)驾驶fold折send(sent)寄wash洗shine照耀become变成feel(felt)感觉到think(thought)思考meet(met)遇见fall(fell)落下leave(left)离开wake(woke)up醒来puton穿上takeoff脱掉hangup挂起wear(wore)穿gohome回家gotobed上床睡觉playcomputergames玩电脑游戏playchess下棋emptythetrash倒垃圾putawaytheclothes收拾衣服getoff下车takeatrip去旅行readamagazine阅读杂志gotothecinema去看电影gostraight向前直走三十、人物friend朋友boy男孩girl女孩男人woman女人Mr.先生Miss小姐lady女士；小姐parents父母baby婴儿kid小孩classmate同学queen女王visitor参观者neighbour邻居principal校长universitystudent大学生penpal笔友tourist旅行者people人物robot机器人小学英语语法学习〔一〕一、名词复数规那么语法要点：1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds

2．以s.x.sh.ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches

3．以“辅音字母+y〞结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families,strawberry-strawberries

4．以“f或fe〞结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：knife-knives

5．不规那么名词复数：

man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen,mouse-mice

child-children

foot-feet,.tooth-teeth

fish-fish,people-people,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese

习题练习：写出以下各词的复数

I_________him_________this___________her______

watch_______child_______photo________diary______

day________foot________book_______dress________

tooth_______sheep______box_______strawberry_____

thief_______yo-yo______peach______sandwich______

man______woman_______paper_______juice___________

water________milk________rice__________tea__________

二、一般现在时

语法要点：A一般现在时的功能：

1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：Theskyisblue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：Igetupatsixeveryday.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。如：Theearthgoesaroundthesun.地球绕着太阳转。B一般现在时的构成：1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：Iamaboy.我是一个男孩。2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如：MarylikesChinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。C一般现在时的变化：1.be动词的变化。否认句：主语+be+not+其它。

如：Heisnotaworker.他不是工人。

一般疑问句：Be+主语+其它。

如：-Areyouastudent?

-Yes.Iam./No,I'mnot.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Whereismybike?2.行为动词的变化。否认句：主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如：Idon'tlikebread.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否认句。如：Hedoesn'toftenplay.

一般疑问句：Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如：

-Doyouoftenplayfootball?

-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。如：

-Doesshegotoworkbybike?

-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。如：Howdoesyourfathergotowork?

D

动词+s的变化规那么1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks,milk-milks

2．以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes

3．以“辅音字母+y〞结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：study-studies习题练习：

一、写出以下动词的第三人称单数

drink________go_______stay________make________

look_________have_______pass_______carry____

come________watch______plant_______fly________

study_______brush________do_________teach_______

二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1.Heoften________(have)dinnerathome.

2.DanielandTommy_______(be)inClassOne.

3.We_______(notwatch)TVonMonday.

4.Nick_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.

5.______they________(like)theWorldCup?

6.What_______theyoften_______(do)onSaturdays?

7._______yourparents_______(read)newspaperseveryday?

8.Thegirl_______(teach)usEnglishonSundays.

9.SheandI________(take)awalktogethereveryevening.

10.There________(be)somewaterinthebottle.

11.Mike_______(like)cooking.

12.They_______(have)thesamehobby.

13.Myaunt_______(look)afterherbabycarefully.

14.Youalways_______(do)yourhomeworkwell.

15.I_______(be)ill.I’mstayinginbed.

16.She_______(go)toschoolfromMondaytoFriday.

17.LiuTao_______(do)notlikePE.

18.Thechildoften_______(watch)TVintheevening.

19.SuHaiandSuYang_______(have)eightlessonsthisterm.

20.－Whatday_______(be)ittoday?

－It’sSaturday.三、按照要求改写句子

1.DanielwatchesTVeveryevening.(改为否认句)

___________________________________________________

2.Idomyhomeworkeveryday.(改为一般疑问句，作否认答复)

________________________________________________________

3.Shelikesmilk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定答复)

___________________________

4.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句，作否认答复)

___________________________________________________

5.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否认句)

_______________________________________________________

6.HespeaksEnglishverywell.(改为否认句)

___________________________________________________

7.Sheisalwaysagoodstudent.(改为一般疑问句，作否认答复)

________________________________________________________

8.SimonandDaniellikegoingskating.(改为否认句)

___________________________________________________

五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)

1.IsyourbrotherspeakEnglish?__________________

2.Doeshelikesgoingfishing?__________________

3.Helikesplaygamesafterclass.__________________

4.Mr.WuteachsusEnglish.__________________

5.Shedon’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________三、现在进行时语法要点：1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2．现在进行时的肯定句根本结构为be+动词ing.3．现在进行时的否认句在be后加not。4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的根本结构为：

疑问词不达意+be+主语+动词ing?

但疑问词当主语时其结构为：

疑问词不达意+be+动词ing?6．动词加ing的变化规那么

〔1〕．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

〔2〕．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making,taste-tasting

〔3〕．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running,stop-stopping习题练习：

一、写出以下动词的现在分词：

play________run__________swim_________make__________

go_________like________write_________ski___________

read________have_________sing________dance_________

put_________see________buy_________love____________

live_______take_________come________get_________

stop_________sit________begin________shop___________

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

1.Theboy__________________(draw)apicturenow.

2.Listen.Somegirls_______________(sing)intheclassroom.

3.Mymother_________________(cook)somenicefoodnow.

4.What_____you______(do)now?

5.Look.They_______________(have)anEnglishlesson.

6.They____________(not,water)theflowersnow.

7.Look!thegirls________________(dance)intheclassroom.

8.Whatisourgranddaughterdoing?She_________(listen)tomusic.

9.It’s5o’clocknow.We_____________(have)suppernow

10.______Helen____________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.

三、句型转换：

1.Theyaredoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否认句)

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

2．Thestudentsarecleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否认答复)

_________________________________________________________________

_________________________________________________________________

3．I’mplayingthefootballintheplayground.(对划线局部进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

4．Tomisreadingbooksinhisstudy.(对划线局部进行提问)

____________________________________________________________四、将来时语法要点：

一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、方案或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow〔后天〕等。

二、根本结构：①begoingto+do；

②will+do.

三、否认句：在be动词〔am,is,are〕l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。

例如：I’mgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.→I’mnotgoingtohaveapicnicthisafternoon.

四、一般疑问句：be或will提到句首，some改为any,and改为or，第一二人称互换。

例如：Wearegoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend.→Areyougoingtogoonanoutingthisweekend?

五、对划线局部提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线局部有三种情况。

1.问人。Who例如：I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→Who’sgoingtoNewYorksoon.

2.问干什么。What…do.例如：Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethis

afternoon.→Whatisyourfathergoingtodowithyouthisafternoon.

3.问什么时候。When.例如：She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→Whenisshegoing

tobed?

六、同义句：begoingto=will

Iamgoingtogoswimmingtomorrow〔明天〕.=Iwillgoswimmingtomorrow.

习题练习：

A填空。

1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____________________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.

I________haveapicnicwithmyfriends.

2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。

What___________________________________________nextMonday?I__________________playbasketball.

What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.

3.你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

_____yourmother_______________goshoppingthis___________?

Yes,she_________.She________________________buysomefruit.

4.你们打算什么时候见面。

Whattime_______you___________________meet?

B改句子。

5.Nancyisgoingtogocamping.〔改否认〕Nancy________goingtogocamping.

6.I’llgoandjointhem.〔改否认〕

I_______go______jointhem.

7.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.〔改一般疑问句〕

_______________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?

8.Wewillmeetatthebusstopat10:30.〔改一般疑问句〕

_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.

9.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.〔对划线局部提问〕

_______________she_________________________afterschool?

10.Myfatherandmotheraregoingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.(同上)

__________________goingtoseeaplaythedayaftertomorrow.

C

用所给词的适当形式填空。

11.Todayisasunnyday.We___________________(have)apicnicthisafternoon.

12.Mybrother_______________(go)toShanghainextweek.

13.Tomoften______________(go)toschoolonfoot.Buttodayisrain.He______________(go)toschoolbybike.

14.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually__________(watch)TVand____________(catch)insects?

15.It’sFridaytoday.What_____she_________(do)thisweekend?She______________(watch)TVand_____________(catch)insects.

16.What___________(d0)youdolastSunday?I____________(pick)applesonafarm.What______________(do)nextSunday?I______________(milk)cows.

17.Mary_____