语法填空解题技巧课件

语法填空训练及考点突破11、阅读、理解语篇的能力;2、分析句子结构的能力;3、熟练运用语法,短语的能力。2全国高考语法填空题两类“空”：纯空格（3个）给词空(7个）谓语（时态—语态—数）非谓语（to

do---doing—done)3.词类转换(名—形—副）冠、代、介、连、及一些副词32014-2015年全国高考语法填空词类分布：4纯空格给词空冠词代词介词连词/引导词名词动词形容词副词2014年新课标I卷1212312014新课标II卷1141111个助动词2015新课标I卷1111422015新课标II卷1111411解题技巧1①：句中没有谓语，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但中间有并列、转折或从属连词时，需填的词则是谓语动词。时态考虑要瞻前顾后。例1. In

1969,

the

pollution

was

terrible.(be)

unimaginable

that

it

couldIt

wasattention.

He

was

riding

beside

the

busand

waving

his

arms.ever

be

cleanedup.例2. A

boy

on

a

bike

caught

(catch)

my5例3. People

stepped

on

your

feet

or

pushedthink

of(help)

you.(push)you

with

their

elbows(肘部)，hurrying

ahead

to

get

to

bargain.例4.…….The

country

life

he

was

used

tohas

changed

（change

）greatly

since

theopening

policy.例5.I’m

afraid

this

is

the

best

way

we

canto

help6例6.

Nobody

knowswhat(happen)

if

she

hadwould

have

happenedrefused

to

pay.例7. He

walked

in

as

if

he

had

bought(buy)

the

school.7应试策略括号内给出动词的原形，做题时首先找出句子的主干，确定主句，如果缺谓语，就要根据上下文语境和意思确定动词的数、时态、语态和语气。1、考查在语境中判断动词的时态。常考的时态为：现在:一般现在、一般将来、现在进行、现在完成。过去:一般过去、过去进行、过去将来、过去完成。

2、时间、条件、等状语从句中动词的时态(主将从现)(if/unless/as

soon

as/after/before/when等);3、时态标志；4、时态一致性原则；5、上下文语境；8解题技巧2：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语或从句时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动词就要确定用9doing形式，done形式，还是to

do

形式。非谓语的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间

的关系。例1.……but

it

is

not

enough

only

to

memorize

(memorize)

rules

froms.

v.

p.a

grammar

book.例2.

……

Speaking

(speak)

so.ut

your

innerfeeling

won’t

mva.ke

you

feel

ashamed,on

thecontrary……注意 ：作主语或宾语时，通常用doing

/

being

done形式表示习惯或一般情况；

用to

do/to

be

done形式表示具体情况或将来；用having

done/having

been

done表示已发生。10例3.……

To

complete

(complete)

the(success.)likely

to

succeed注意 ：作目的状语或者在固定结构中，一般用to

do形式。project

asadpvlaenrbnieadl

,

wse.

will

hva.ve

to

worktwo

more

hours

a

day.例4.The

youngss.tudent

dvid.aol.l

that

he

couldto

pass

(apdavsesr)bthiaelexaminations.例5.Some

people

say

that

children,whoare

smart

and

strong-willed,are

very11himself:

“The

night

will

be

very

dark.”注意 ：分词作伴随状语，原因状语，条件状语等时，要看它与逻辑主语的关系确定形式。例6.

Hs.e

savw.

theos.

tone,

saying(say)

to12注意 ：1.

分词做状语时，主要看它与句子主语之间的关系确定形式。2.分词做后置定语时，主要看它与被修饰词之间的关系确定形式。later

this

year

to

review

the

film.例8.

…….Lesss.ons

learned

(learn)

insports

can

hve.

lp

uos.

in

our

dealingwithother

people.例7.There

wv.ill

be

amse.eting,starting

(start)13应试策略14非谓语动词，包括V-ing形式、V-ed形式和动词不定式。做题时确定所给出的词与其所修饰的词或其逻辑主语的关系。如果与中心词是主动关系，一般用V-ing形式；如果与中心词是被动关系，一般用V-ed形式

；如果表示将来或目的，

一般用动词不定式。技巧2 ：词类转换题要先确定在句中的成分。16例1.In

a

dangerous(danger)part

of

the

seaoff

the

coast

of

New

Zealand,theylearnt

to……例2.There

must

be

something

seriously

(serious)wrong

with

our

society.harder(hard)

and

finally

made17himself

out.例3.Your

mistake

caused

a

lot

of

unnecessary

(necessity)

work

in

theoffice.例4.The

other

frog

went

on

jumping

ashard

as

he

could….He

jumpedevenappearanceMost

of

the

people

in

the

town

showed

pityon

him,

but

it

was

useless

(use).But

a

recent

study

saw

things

quitedifferently

(different).The

order

in

which

they

finished

woulddecide

the

order

oftheir(appear)

in

the

Chinese

calendar.18my4.…,so

I’mvery

careful

notto

give

out

personal

(person)

information.exercisescheaperOne

of

the

wors(tbad)

gift

choicesI

ever

made

was

for

my

high

schoolEnglish

teacher,

Ms

Chen.For

a

family

of

four,

for

example,

it

ismore

convenient

as

well

as(cheap)

to

sit

comfortably

at

home,…19应试策略20括号内给出形容词或副词，要根

据上下文语境确定用原级、比较级还是最高级形式。形容词修饰名词/代词副词修饰动词/形容词/副词/句子It

is/was+形容词（+for/of

sb)+to

do括号内给出单词的其他形式，通过分析句子结构，判断句子缺少什么成分（修饰什么词），再用正确的单词形式补充完整，该空同时考查同学们的单词拼写能力。21纯空格类考点讲解：22冠词代词介词连词或副词引导词Read

the

following

sentencesand

fill

in

the

blanks

according

tothe

requirements.

Then

find

outthe

rules

.1.An

only

child

will

succeed

forsame

reason.mightbeprevent

childhood

accidents.23

theYoucannowmake

an

educated

decision

about

whatcareer

to

pursue.The

author

of

the

study

suggestedthat

encouraging

more

books

readingusefaul

way

to冠词如果空格后是单数可数名词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填不定冠词(a,an)，如果是特指，就要定冠词the。如果空格后是序数词、最高级或提及上文提到过的人或物等时，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填定冠词(the)。应试策略24Firstly,

we

must

understand

thelanguagewhenwehear

it

spoken.Thelittleboypulled

his

right

handout

of

the

pocket

and

studied

a

numberof

coins

in

it.I

patiently

walked

to

the

library,tookmy

seat

and

did

some

deep

breathing

tohelp

relax

myself

.25代词首先找出代词所指代的名词，根据其在句中所充当的成分确定用哪个代词。如果空格后是名词，就应该考虑空格处是否用物主代词(my,your,his等)、指示代词(this,that等)、不定代词(few,little,many,much,all,each,every,

both,neither,other等)、名词所有

格或形容词等进行修饰。应试策略261.Television

is

now

playing

a

very

importantrole our

life.273.It

was

in

this

very

room

that

Igave

birthLinda

seventeen

years

ago.2.…more

than

nine

thousand

youngAmericans,

dissatisfied

with

their

trainingathome,wenttoGermany

for

advancedstudy.

toin介词应试策略28掌握一些常用介词的用法、含义和固定搭配；介词可位于名词之前。如atnight,

on

Sunday等；也可位于形容词之后，如be

interested

in,

begoodat等；还可位于

不及物动词之后

，如

listen

to,arrive

at,

lookfor等。and

finished

the

race

first.If

a

family

has

many

children,

the

middleone

sometimes

gets

lost

in

the

crowd.The

youngest

child,

however

,

often

getsspecial

treatment.As

the

ox

came

ashore,

the

rat

jumped

off29the

rat

got

the

first

year

named

after

himand

the

ox

got

the

second

year.3.…

I

asked

my

classmates

about

herinterest

and

then

I

made

myfinaldecision.So/Thus连词或副词表示递进：further,

furthermore,

moreover,

inaddition等；but,nevertheless,however,yet,while,although,

though,等。表示转折：空格前后两个句子都含有主谓结构时，则要

根据上下文的逻辑关系，选择适当的副词或连词。表示并列：

and,or等；表示因果：

so,

for,

therefore,

thus等；应试策略30

that引导词1.

One

day,

he

came

up

with

an

idea31

that

he

would

pick

up

all

of

his

cropa

fewinches.

2.Some

people

say

that

oldest

children,who

are

smart

and

strong-willed,

arevery

likely

to

succeed.3.So

careless

was

II

hadforgotten

all

about

that.空格前后都是一个句子,做题时应该从句子的意义去判断是属于什么类型的复合句（定语从句、名词性从句或者状语从句），再确定填什么引导词。应试策略32如何判断从句类型？空格前是名词空格前是及物动词空格前是系动词空格在句首定语从句同位语语从句主语从句状语从句所填词在后面句子中充当成分不充当成分所填词在后面句子中充当主宾表所填词在后面句子中充当各类状语宾语从句表语从句判断状语从句类型时还可以根据前后句子之间的意思及逻辑关系来判断是什么状语从句33一步来把全文看，把握主旨逻辑线；二步开始做答案，容易做的先做完；难题放在第三步，上下文里找答案；四步复读很关键，保证全文意贯通。34352012年广东英语高考语法填空题Mary

will

never

forget

the

first

time

she

saw

him.

Hesuddenly

appeared

in

class

one

day,

____16____(wear)

_____17_______18__thefactthatshesatin

19

lastrow.____20___he

thought

he

could

escape

attention

by___21__22___wearingsun

glasses

.

He

walked

in

as

if

he

_

had

bought_(buy)

theschool.

And

the

word

quickly

got

around

that

he

was

fromNew

York

City.For

some

reason

he

sat

beside

Mary.

Mary

felt

_pleased

_(please

),

because

there

were

many

empty

seats

in

the

room.But

she

quickly

realized

that

it

wasn’t

her,

it

was

probablytheAlthoughsitting

at

the

back,

he

was

wrong.

It

might

have

made

it

alittle

_

harder

(hard)

for

everybody

because

it

meantthey

had

to

turn

around,

but

that

didn’t

stop

the

kids

inthe

class

.

Of

course

whenever

they

turned

to

look

at

him,they

had

to

look

atMary,

which

made

her

feel

like

astar.36“Do

you

need

those

glasses

for

medicalreasons?”

the

teacher

asked.

The

new

boy

shook

hishead.”Then

I’d

appreciate

it

if

you

didn’t

wearthem

in

class.

I

like

to

look

at

your

eyes

when

I’mspeaking

to

you.”

The

new

boy

looked

at

theteacher23__

a

few

secondsand

all

the

otherstudents

wondered__24___25_off

,

gave

a

big

smile

and

said“Thathe

tookiscool”.

forwhat

_

the

boy

would

do.Then37them__16near

the

back,

and

then

I

noticed

a

man18

_____19___

(pret__20____21__trying

to

talk,

but

after

some

minutes22walked232011年广东高考英语语法填空One

Sunday

morning

in

August

I

went

to

localmusic

festival.

I

left

early

because

I

had

anappointment

_later

_(late)

that

day.

My

friendswalked

me

to

the

bus

stop

an