山东科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语专业硕士历年考研真题及详解

目录

2011年山东科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2012年山东科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2013年山东科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2014年山东科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2015年山东科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2016年山东科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2017年山东科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2018年山东科技大学外国语学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

2011年山东科技大学外国语学院

211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解

PartIReadingComprehension(2×20=40points)

Directions:Therearefivepassagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowed

bysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Decideonthebestchoice.

Passage1

UniversityPhysicsisintendedforstudentsofscienceandengineering.

Primaryemphasisisonphysicsprinciplesandproblem-solving;historical

backgroundandspecializedpracticalapplicationshavebeengivenaplaceof

secondaryimportance.Manyworked-outexamplesandanextensive

collectionofproblemsareincludedwitheachchapter.

Inthisnewedition,thebasicphilosophyandoutlineandthebalancebetween

depthoftreatmentandbreadthofsubject-mattercoverageareunchanged

frompreviouseditions.Wehavetriedtopreservethosefeaturesthatusersof

previouseditionshavefounddesirable,whileincorporatinganumberof

changesthatshouldenhancethebook’susefulness.

Thetextbookisadaptabletoawidevarietyofcourseoutlines.Theentire

textbookcanbeusedforanintensivecoursetwoorthreesemestersinlength.

Foralessintensivecourse,manyinstructorswillwanttoomitcertain

chaptersorsectionstotailorthebooktotheirindividualneeds.The

arrangementofthiseditionfacilitatesthiskindofflexibility.

Conversely,however,manytopicsthatwereregardedafewyearsagoasof

peripheralimportanceandwereomittedfromintroductorycourseshavenow

cometotheforeagaininthelifesciences,earthandspacesciences,and

environmentalproblems.Aninstructorwhowishestostressthesekindsof

applicationswillfindthistextbookausefulsourcefordiscussionofthe

appropriateprinciples.

Inanycase,itshouldbeemphasizedthatinstructorsshouldnotfeel

constrainedtoworkstraightthroughthebookfromcovertocover.Many

chaptersare,ofcourse,inherentlysequentialinnature,butwithinthisgeneral

limitationinstructorsshouldbeencouragedtoselectamongthecontents

thosechaptersthatfittheirneeds,omittingmaterialthatisnotrelevanttothe

objectivesofaparticularcourse.

1.Thetextbooklaysstresson_____.

A.theexpositionofphysicalprinciples

B.theapplicationofphysicsindifferentfields

C.thedevelopmentofphysics

D.theprinciplesofphysicsandtheirapplication

2.Comparedwiththeoldone,thisnewedition_____.

A.hasimprovedthebalancebetweentheoryandpractice

B.iseasiertolearn

C.coversawiderrangeofsubject-matter

D.hasbeenmademoreapplicable

3.Thewords“conversely,however”(Para.4)indicatethat_____.

A.manytopicscanbeemphasizedthoughtheywereusuallyomittedby

instructors

B.manytopicscanbeemphasizedthoughtheywerenotcoveredintheold

edition

C.manytopicshavebeenaddedtotheneweditionastheywerenotcovered

intheoldone

D.manytopicshavebeenaddedtotheneweditionthoughtheycanbe

omittedbytheinstructors

4.Tomeettheneedsofaparticularcourse,theteacherofthisbookcanomit

someofthecontentsprovidedthat_____.

A.hisselectionisbasedontherequestofhisstudents

B.hedoesnotomitanychaptercompletely

C.hekeepsaneyeontheinternalrelationsbetweenthechapters

D.hisstudentsareparticularlyintelligent

【答案与解析】

1.B细节题。原文第一段第二句话“Primaryemphasisisonphysical

principlesandproblem-solving,historicalbackgroundandspecialized

practicalapplicationshavebeengivenaplaceofsecondaryimportance.”说明

本书强调了physicalprinciples以及application，故B项为正确答案。A，D

项不全面；C项只是书中的内容而不是重点。

2.D细节题。原文第二段最后一句话“…whileincorporatinganumberof

changesthatshouldenhancethebook’susefulness.”指出新版增强了书籍的

实用性，故D项为正确答案。B项未提及；A，C项与原文第二段第一句

相矛盾。

3.A推理题。原文第三段第三句，作者谈到导师对本书的某些章节可根

据个人需要而省略，原文第四段中又说“...manytopicsthatwereregarded

afewyearsagoasofperipheralimportanceandwereomittedfrom

introductorycourseshavenowcometotheforeagaininthelifesciences,

earthandspacesciences,andenvironmentalproblems”，可以推断出作者认

为某些导师习惯省略的话题现在又变得重要了，可以重新强调了，故A

项为正确答案。

4.C推断题。原文最后一段第二句话“Manychaptersare,ofcourse,

inherentlysequentialinnature,butwithinthisgenerallimitationinstructors

shouldbeencouragedtoselectamongthecontentsthosechaptersthatfit

theirneeds,omittingmaterialthatisnotrelevantfortheobjectivesofa

particularcourse”，说明许多章节是有联系的，所以指导者可以跳过一些

不相关的章节来满足需求，可以推断出教师需要了解章节之间的联系才

能满足课程的特殊需要，故C项为正确答案。A，B，D项在文中均未提

及。

Passage2

Speedingoffinastolencar,thethiefthinkshehasgotagreatcatch.Butheis

inforanunwelcomesurprise.Thecarisfittedwitharemoteimmobilizer,

andaradiosignalfromacontrolcentermilesawaywillensurethatoncethe

thiefswitchestheengineoff,hewillnotbeabletostartitagain.

Theideagoeslikethis.Acontrolboxfittedtothecarcontainsamini-

cellphone,amicroprocessorandmemory,andaGPSsatellitepositioning

receiver.Ifthecarisstolen,acodedcellphonesignalwilltellthecontrol

centertoblockthevehicle’senginemanagementsystemandpreventthe

enginebeingrestarted.

IntheUK,asetoftechnicalfixesisalreadymakinglifeharderforcar

thieves.“Thepatternofvehiclecrimehaschanged,”saysMartynRandall,a

securityexpert.Hesaysitwouldonlytakehimafewminutestoteacha

personhowtostealacar,usingabareminimumoftoolsButonlyifthecaris

morethan10yearsold.

Moderncarsarefartoughertosteal,astheirenginemanagementcomputer

won’tallowthemtostartunlesstheyreceiveauniqueIDcodebeamedoutby

theignitionkey.IntheUK,technologieslikethishavehelpedachievea31%

dropinvehicle-relatedcrimesince1997.

Butdeterminedcriminalsarestillmanagingtofindotherwaystostealcars,

oftenbygettingholdoftheowner’skeys.Andkeytheftisresponsiblefor

40%ofthetheftsofvehiclesfittedwithatrackingsystem.

Ifthecartravels100meterswithoutthedriverconfirmingtheirID,the

systemwillsendasignaltoanoperationscenterthatithasbeenstolen.The

hundredmetersminimumavoidsfalsealarmsduetoinaccuraciesintheGPS

signal.Staffatthecenterwillthencontacttheownertoconfirmthatthecar

reallyismissing,andkeeppoliceinformedofthevehicle’smovementsvia

thecar’sGPSunit.

5.What’sthefunctionoftheremoteimmobilizerfittedtoacar?

A.Toallowthecartolockautomaticallywhenstolen.

B.Topreventthecarthieffromrestartingitonceitstops.

C.Tohelpthepolicemakeasurpriseattackonthecarthief.

D.Topreventcartheftbysendingaradiosignaltothecarowner.

6.Whatisessentialinmakingamoderncartoughertosteal?

A.AGPSsatellitepositioningreceiver.

B.Aspecialcellphonesignal.

C.AuniqueIDcard.

D.Acodedignitionkey.

7.Whydoesthetrackingsystemseta100-meterminimumbeforesendingan

alarmtotheoperationscenter?

A.Togivethedrivertimetocontacttheoperationscentre.

B.ToallowforpossibleerrorsintheGPSsystem.

C.Tokeeppoliceinformedofthecar’smovements.

D.Toleavetimefortheoperationscentretogiveanalarm.

8.Whatwilltheoperationscentredofirstafterreceivinganalarm?

A.Startthetrackingsystem.

B.Locatethemissingcar.

C.Blockthecarengine.

D.Contactthecarowner.

【答案与解析】

5.B细节题。原文第一段第二句话“Thecarisfittedwitharemote

immobilizer,andaradiosignalfromacontrolcentermilesawaywillensure

thatoncethethiefswitchestheengineoff,hewillnotbeabletostartit

again.”说明无线电讯号会确保一旦劫匪关掉了引擎，他永远不能再发动

了，故B项为正确答案。

6.D细节题。原文第四段第一句话“Moderncarsarefartoughertosteal,as

theirenginemanagementcomputerwon’tallowthemtostartunlessthey

receiveauniqueIDcodebeamedoutbytheignitionkey.”意为引擎控制系

统的电脑不允许汽车发动，除非它们接收到一个由点火钥匙发出的唯一

的身份码，说明点火钥匙让现代汽车更难被偷，故D项为正确答案。

7.B细节题。原文最后一段第二句话“Thehundredmetresminimum

avoidsfalsealarmsduetoinaccuraciesintheGPSsignal.”解释道设置最低

一百米的原因是避免GPS信号的不准确导致错误的警报，即为了允许

GPS可能发生的错误，故B项为正确答案。

8.D细节题。原文最后一段最后一句话“Staffatthecentrewillthen

contacttheownertoconfirmthatthecarreallyismissing...”可知中心的员

工会首先联系车主确认车辆是否失踪，故D项为正确答案。

Passage3

ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorf’s

assertionthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationof

knowledgeforpracticalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.

Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahuman

creation;itdoesnotexistnaturally.Aspearorarobotisasmuchaculturalas

aphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobotto

producemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.For

abirdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthe

purposeequallywell.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandthe

RussiannuclearaccidentatChernobyldrivehomethehumanqualityof

technology;theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywent

haywireandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisa

humancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworry

thatwewilluseourtechnologyeventuallytoblowourworldandourselvesto

pieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades,andsofarwehave

managedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewillcontinuetodosoin

theyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonour

livesdeservesacloserexamination.

Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlivesthan

thecomputerrevolution.Scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecialized

machinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Thereare

thosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthe

samecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheIndustrial

Revolution.YetwhenweaskwhytheIndustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,

wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwas

revolutionaryisthatitledtogreatsocialchanges.Itgaverisetomass

productionand,throughmassproduction,toasocietyinwhichwealthwas

notconfinedtothefew.

Insomewhatsimilarfashion,computerspromisetorevolutionizethe

structureofAmericanlifeparticularlyastheyfreethehumanmindandopen

new-possibilitiesinknowledgeandcommunication.TheIndustrial

Revolutionsupplementedandreplacedthemusclesofhumansandanimals

bymechanicalmethods.Thecomputerextendsthisdevelopmentto

supplementandreplacesomeaspectsofthemindofhumanbeingsby

electronicmethods.Itisthecapacityofthecomputerforsolvingproblems

andmakingdecisionsthatrepresentsitsgreatestpotentialandthatposesthe

greatestdifficultiesinpredictingtheimpactonsociety.

9.Aspearorarobothasthequalityoftechnologyonlywhenit_____.

A.isusedbothasaculturalandaphysicalobject

B.servesdifferentpurposesequallywell

C.isutilizedbyman

D.canbeofusetobothmanandanimal

10.TheexamplesoftheChallengerandChernobylcitedbytheauthorserve

toshowthat_____.

A.technologyisahumancreation,soweareresponsibleforit

B.ifnotgivencloseexamination,technologycouldbeusedtodestroyour

world

C.technologyusuallygoeswrong,ifnotcontrolledbyman

D.beingahumancreation,technologyisliabletoerror

11.Accordingtotheauthor,theintroductionofthecomputerisarevolution

mainlybecause_____.

A.thecomputerhasrevolutionizedtheworkingsofthehumanmind

B.thecomputercandothetasksthatcouldonlybedonebypeoplebefore

C.ithashelpedtoswitchtoaninformationtechnology

D.ithasagreatpotentialimpactonsociety

12.Thepassageisbasedontheauthor’s_____.

A.keeninsightintothenatureoftechnology

B.prejudicedcriticismoftheroleoftheIndustrialRevolution

C.cautiousanalysisofthereplacementofthehumanmindbycomputers

D.exaggerateddescriptionofthenegativeconsequencesoftechnology

【答案与解析】

9.C原文第二段第三句话提到“Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameora

robottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassof

matter”，说明直到人们用矛去捕获猎物或用机器人去生产机器零件以

前，二者都只不过是硬梆梆的物体而已，也就是说只有这些东西为人类

所用的时候，它们才具有科技含量，故C项为正确答案。

10.D根据关键词theChallengerandChernobyl定位到第二段第五句话“…

theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywire

andtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.”提到美国挑战者号航天飞机

的爆炸以及俄罗斯切尔诺贝利核泄露事件证明人类精心计划的事情会突

然失去控制，并且没有做好修正它们的准备，也就是说技术是人为创造

出来的，容易出问题，故D项为正确答案。

11.D第三段倒数第二句“Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasrevolutionaryis

thatitledtogreatsocialchanges.”提到，工业革命之所以是一场革命，主

要原因是工业革命引发了巨大的社会变化，可以推断出计算机是革命的

原因是它对社会有巨大的潜在影响，故D项为正确答案。

12.A主旨题。本题可用排除法。B项中的“怀有偏见的批判”与C中的“人

类思维被电脑取代”在原文找不到作者的相关观点；虽然文中提及科技

带来负面的东西，却没有对技术的负面影响进行夸大的描述，因此D项

也可排除。

Passage4

Thenewspapermustprovideforthereaderthefacts,unalloyed,unslanted,

objectivelyselectedfacts.Butinthesedaysofcomplexnewsitmustprovide

more;itmustsupplyinterpretation,themeaningofthefacts.Thisisthemost

importantassignmentconfrontingAmericanjournalism—tomakecleartothe

readertheproblemsoftheday,tomakeinternationalnewsasunderstandable

ascommunitynews,torecognizethatthereisnolongeranysuchthing(with

thepossibleexceptionofsuchscribblingassocietyandclubnews)as“local”

news,becauseanyeventintheinternationalareahasalocalreactionin

manpowerdraft,ineconomicstrain,interms,indeed,ofourverywayoflife.

Thereisinjournalismawidespreadviewthatwhenyouembarkon

interpretation,youareenteringchoppyanddangerouswaters,theswirling

tidesofopinion.Thisisnonsense.

Theopponentsofinterpretationinsistthatthewriterandtheeditorshall

confinehimselftothe"facts".Thisinsistenceraisestwoquestions:Whatare

thefacts?And:Arethebarefactsenough?

Astothefirstquery,considerhowaso-called"factual’’storycomesabout.

Thereportercollects,say,fiftyfacts;outofthesefifty,hisspaceallotment

beingnecessarilyrestricted,heselectstheten,whichheconsidersmost

important.ThisisJudgmentNumberOne.Thenheorhiseditordecides

whichofthesetenfactsshallconstitutetheleadofthepiece(Thisisan

importantdecisionbecausemanyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirst

paragraph.)ThisisJudgmentNumberTwo.Thenthenighteditordetermines

whetherthearticleshallbepresentedonpageone,whereithasalarge

impact,oronpagetwenty-four,whereithaslittle.JudgmentNumberThree.

Thus,inthepresentationofaso-called“factual’’or“objective”story,atleast

threejudgmentsareinvolved.Andtheyarejudgmentsnotatallunlikethose

involvedininterpretation,inwhichreporterandeditor,callingupontheir

generalbackground,andtheir“newsneutralism,”arriveataconclusionasto

thesignificanceofthenews.

Thetwoareasofjudgment,presentationofthenewsanditsinterpretation,are

bothobjectiveratherthansubjectiveprocessesasobjective,thatis,asany

humanbeingcanbe.(Noteinpassing:eventhoughcompleteobjectivitycan

neverbeachieved,neverthelesstheidealmustalwaysbethebeacononthe

murkynewschannels.)Ifaneditorisintentonslantingthenews,hecandoit

inotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanbyinterpretation.Hecandoitbythe

selectionofthosefactsthatpropuphisparticularplea.Orhecandoitbythe

payhegivesastory—promotingittopageoneordemotingittopagethirty.

13.Thetitlethatbestexpressestheideasofthispassageis_____.

A.InterpretingtheNews

B.ChoosingFacts

C.SubjectiveversusObjectiveProcesses

D.EverythingCounts

14.Whydoesthewriterofanarticleselecttenoutof50availablefacts?

A.Thesubjectisnotimportant.

B.Hiseditorisprejudiced.

C.Spaceislimited

D.Heisenteringchoppyanddangerouswaters.

15.Whatistheleasteffectivewayof“slanting”news?

A.Selection.

B.Interpretation.

C.Placement

D.Concentration

16.Whyshouldtheleadsentencepresentthemostimportantfact?

A.Itwillinfluencethereadertocontinue.

B.Itwillbethebestwaytowrite.

C.Somereadersdonotreadbeyondthefirstparagraph.

D.Itwillgratifytheeditor.

【答案与解析】

13.A主旨题。本文首先指出一些人对解读新闻持批评态度，接着对这

些人的观点进行批驳，最后阐述解说新闻领域和提供新闻内容一样都是

客观过程，可以总结出文章通篇是关于解读新闻，因此A项为正确答

案。

14.C细节题。原文第四段第二句话“…hisspaceallotmentbeing

necessarilyrestricted…”说明作者的空间分配是非常受限制的，故C项为

正确答案。

15.B细节题。原文最后一段倒数第三句话“Ifaneditorisintenton

slantingthenews,hecandoitinotherwaysandmoreeffectivelythanby

interpretation.”说明如果编辑想歪曲新闻，他可以采取比解说更有效的其

他方式，下文也说可以通过选材和选择版面的方式歪曲新闻，可以看出

解说是最低效的方式，故B项为正确答案。

16.C细节题。原文第三段括号内“Thisisanimportantdecisionbecause

manyreadersdonotproceedbeyondthefirstparagraph”说明许多读者只会

读文章的第一段，因此文章开头需要列举最重要的事实，故C项为正确

答案。

Passage5

Whenyouthinkofthetremendoustechnologicalprogresswehavemade,it’s

amazinghow-littlewehavedevelopedinotherrespects.Wemayspeak

contemptuouslyofthepooroldRomansbecausetheyrelishedtheorgiesof

slaughterthatwentonintheirarenas.Wemaydespisethembecausethey

mistookthesegoingsonforentertainment.Wemayforgivethem

condescendinglybecausetheylived2000yearsagoandobviouslyknewno

better.Butareourfeelingsofsuperiorityreallyjustified?Areweanyless

blood-thirsty?Whydoboxingmatches,forinstance,attractsuchuniversal

interest?Don’tthespectatorswhoattendthemhopetheywillseesome

violence?Humanbeingsremainasbloodthirstyasevertheywere.Theonly

differencebetweenourselvesandtheRomansisthatwhiletheywerehonest

enoughtoadmitthattheyenjoyedwatchinghungrylionstearingpeopleapart

andeatingthemalive,wefindallsortsofsophisticatedargumentstodefend

sportswhichshouldhavebeenbannedlongage;sportswhicharequiteas

barbarousas,say,publichangingsorbearbaiting.

Itreallyisincrediblethatinthisdayandageweshouldstillallowhuntingor

bull-fighting,thatweshouldbepreparedtositbackandwatchtwomen

battereachothertopulpinaboxingring,thatweshouldberelatively

unmovedbythesightofoneoranumberofracingcarscrashingandbursting

intoflames.Letusnotdeceiveourselves.Anytalkof“thesportingspirit”is

sheerhypocrisy.Peopletakepartinviolentsportsbecauseofthehigh

rewardstheybring.Spectatorsarewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytosee

violence.Aworldheavyweightchampionshipmatch,forinstance,isfront

pagenews.Millionsofpeoplearedisappointedifabigfightisoverintwo

roundsinsteadoffifteen.Theyfeeldisappointmentbecausetheyhavebeen

deprivedoftheexquisitepleasureofwitnessingprolongedtortureand

violence.

Whyshouldwebanviolentsportsifpeopleenjoythemsomuch?Youmay

wellask.Theanswerissimple:theyareuncivilized.Forcenturiesmanhas

beentryingtoimprovehimselfspirituallyandemotionallyadmittedlywith

littlesuccess.Butatleastwenolongertoleratethesightmadmencoopedup

incages,orpublicfloggingsofanyofthecountlessotherbarbaricpractices

whichwerecommoninthepast.Prisonsarenolongerthegrimforbidding

placestheyusedtobe.Socialwelfaresystemsareinoperationinmanyparts

oftheworld.Bigeffortsarebeingmadetodistributewealthfairly.These

changeshavecomeaboutnotbecausehumanbeingshavesuddenlyand

unaccountablyimproved,butbecausepositivestepsweretakentochangethe

law.Thelawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveandit

mayexertgreatcivilizinginfluence.Ifwebanneddangerousandviolent

sports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.We

wouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhumanbeings.

17.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattheauthor’sopinionofnowadays’

humanbeingsis_____.

A.notveryhigh

B.high

C.contemptuous

D.critical

18.Themainideaofthispassageis_____.

A.tocomparetwodifferentattitudestowardsdangeroussports

B.peoplearewillingtopayvastsumsofmoneytoseeviolence

C.viciousanddangeroussportsshouldbebannedbylaw

D.peoplearebloodthirstyinsports

19.ThattheauthormentionstheoldRomansis_____.

A.tocomparetheoldRomanswithtoday’speople

B.togiveanexample

C.toshowhumanbeingsinthepastknewnothingbetter

D.toindicatehumanbeingsareusedtoblood-thirst

20.Thepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthispassageis_____.

A.thatwemusttakepositivestepstoimprovesocialwelfaresystem

B.that,bybanningthedangeroussports,wecanimprovethelaw

C.that,bybanningtheviolentsports,wehumanbeingscanimproveour

selves

D.toshowlawisthemaininstrumentofsocialchange

【答案与解析】

17.A态度题。文章一开始就点出科技巨大进步，而其他方面进展很

少。人们和过去一样残忍，并在第二段举出具体例子。但作者在第三段

谈及，好几个世纪以来，人们一直试图在精神上和情感上改善自己，在

改变法律上采取了积极的步骤。如果我们禁止危险的暴力体育项目，那

么我们在改善人类方面又前进了一步。可以看出，作者对人类表达轻蔑

的同时也表达了肯定和希望，故A项为正确答案。

18.C主旨题。作者从古罗马人欣赏残忍的体育项目说起，指出现代人

也是嗜血成性，这是不文明，必须制止。最后一段倒数第三句说“The

lawisthebiggestinstrumentofsocialchangethatwehaveanditmayexert

greatcivilizinginfluence.”法律是我们社会改革最强大的工具，可以发挥

强大的文明影响，可以总结出本文的主旨是堕落而危险的体育项目应该

被法律禁止，故C项为正确答案。

19.D作者意图题。作者提到的意图可以从第一段倒数第二句“Human

beingsremainasbloodthirstyasevertheywere.”看出，即说明人类和从前

一样嗜血，故D项为正确答案。

20.C作者意图题。作者在最后两句话说明“Ifwebanneddangerousand

violentsports,wewouldbemovingonestepfurthertoimprovingmankind.

Wewouldrecognizethatviolenceisdegradingandunworthyofhuman

beings.”表明用法律禁止危险和暴力的体育活动，人类能够进步，能够

认识到暴力对人类来说是暴力及无价值的，故C项为正确答案。

PartⅡVocabularyandStructure(0.5×40=20points)

Directions:Thereare40incompletesentencesinthispart.Foreachsentence

therearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbest

completesthesentence.

21.Evidencecameup_____specificsoundsarerecognizedbybabiesas

youngassixmonthsold.

A.what

B.that

C.which

D.whose

【答案】B

【解析】句意：证据表明，六个月大的婴儿可以辨认出特殊的声音。that

引导同位语从句，作为evidence的同位语。

22.Itisonlywhenyounearlylosesomeone_____fullyconsciousofhow

muchyouvaluehim.

A.doyoubecome

B.thenyoubecome

C.thatyoubecome

D.haveyoubecome

【答案】C

【解析】句意：只有当你快要失去某人的时候你才会完全意识到你有多

看重他。本题考查强调句，结构为“Itis+被强调部分+that”，因此选择包

含that的选项。

23.Justasthesoilisapartoftheearth,_____theatmosphere.

A.asitis

B.sois

C.thesameas

D.andsois

【答案】B

【解析】句意：就像土壤是地球的一部分一样，大气也是。本题考查just

as...so固定搭配，意为“正如……一样，也……”。so后面的句子要求完

全倒装。

24.Whiledrivingalongthetreacherousroad,_____.

A.myrightreartireblowout

B.myrightreartirehadablowout

C.Ihadablowoutonmyrightreartire

D.Ihadmyrightreartireblowout

【答案】C

【解析】句意：当沿着危险的道路行驶时，我的右后车胎爆胎了。由于

句子前半句省略了主语，说明主句与从句应一致，均为“I”，排除A，B

项。havesth.done意为“使某物发生什么事”，代入原句“我使右后车胎爆

胎了”意思不符，排除D项，故C项为正确答案。

25.JeanWagner’smostenduringcontributiontothestudyofAfro-American

poetryishisinsistencethat_____inareligious,aswellasworldlyframeof

reference.

A.istobeanalyzed

B.hasbeenanalyzed

C.beanalyzed

D.shouldhavebeenanalyzed

【答案】C

【解析】句意：让·瓦格纳对于美非诗歌最经久不衰的贡献是，他坚持诗

歌应被从宗教以及世俗的参考框架分析。本题考查should类虚拟语气。

insistence表示建议、要求，其后的宾语从句应采用（should）do的形

式，即（should）beanalyzed，并省略should变为beanalyzed。

26._____thereislittlewecandotomodifytheweather,wecanatleast

knowwhatkindofweathertoexpect.

A.Since

B.When

C.While

D.Unless

【答案】C

【解析】句意：虽然我们不能改变天气，但我们至少可以知道去期待哪

种天气。while虽然。since因为；自……以来。when当……的时候。

unless除非。

27.John’sscoreonthetestisthehighestintheclass;he____lastnight.

A.muststudy

B.shouldhavestudied

C.musthavestudied

D.issuretostudy

【答案】C

【解析】句意：约翰在这次测试中拿了全班最高分；他昨晚一定努力学

习了。本题情态动词的完成式表示对于过去的肯定推测。musthave

done表示“过去一定做了某事”；shouldhavedone表示“过去本应该做某

事，但实际上并未做。”

28.Frankalmostneverreceivedanyeducation,_____?

A.wouldhe

B.didhe

C.didn’the

D.wouldn’the

【答案】B

【解析】句意：弗兰克几乎没接受任何教育，难道他有吗？前半句是含

有否定副词never的一般过去时的句子，由于主句为否定形式，所以反

义疑问句用肯定形式，谓语动词received为行为动词的过去式，因此后

半句用did与之保持一致。

29.Evenifhisletter_____tomorrow,it_____toolatetodoanything.

A.willarrive,is

B.shouldarrive,were

C.arrives,willbe

D.arrives,wouldbe

【答案】C

【解析】句意：即使他的信明天到了，一切也都迟了。本题考查条件状

语从句的时态。在条件句中表示现在将来的时间需要用一般现在时

arrives，主句中使用将来时willbe。

30.Wecanhear_____fromthebackoftheroom.

A.justasgood

B.justaseasy

C.justaswell

D.easilyaswell

【答案】C

【解析】句意：我们在教室后面也能听得清楚。just表示程度，意为“刚

好”；aswell意为“也；同样地”，副词短语修饰动词hear。

31.Child_____sheis,thegirlisquiteindependent.

A.like

B.when

C.for

D.as

【答案】D

【解析】句意：这个女孩虽然是个孩子，但已经很独立了。as引导让步

状语从句时，从句常用倒装语序。原句为Assheisachild，根据倒装结

构名词/形容词/副词/分词/动词原形+as+主语+动词，将句子改写为Child

assheis。

32.Thesephotoswillshowyou_____.

A.whatdoesouruniversitylooklike

B.whatouruniversitylookslike

C.howdoesouruniversitylooklike

D.howouruniversitylookslike

【答案】B

【解析】句意：这些照片会向你展示我们大学的样子。宾语从句都使用

陈述语序，排除A，C项。what在宾语从句中作为like的宾语，how只能

作状语，不能作为like的宾语，排除D项。

33.IguessPatriciawillinvite_____youwant.

A.whomever

B.whatever

C.whoever

D.whichever

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我猜帕特丽夏会邀请任何你想邀请的人。由于横线处指

代被邀请的人，排除B，D项。由于横线处位于谓语动词invite的后面，

应采用whoever的宾格形式whomever。

34.Toobtainasatisfactoryresult,onemustapplytwo_____ofpaintona

cleansurface.

A.coats

B.levels

C.times

D.courses

【答案】A

【解析】句意：为了得到满意的结果，一个人必须在赶紧的表面上涂两

层颜料。coat覆盖物；层。

35.WeexpectMr.Whitewill_____ClassOnewhenMissJaneretires.

A.takeover

B.takeup

C.takeoff

D.taketo

【答案】A

【解析】句意：我们期待怀特先生能在简女士退休之后接管一班。take

over接管；接收。takeup拿起；开始从事；占据(时间，地方)。takeoff

起飞；脱下；离开。taketo喜欢；走向；开始从事。

36.Theriverwaterwas_____fromitsoldcourseintoanewchannelwhere

theywerebuildingthedam.

A.turned

B.switched

C.shifted

D.diverted

【答案】D

【解析】句意：在修筑这个水坝时，河流由旧水道被改道进入新的水

道。divert意为河流、公路等的“转向”。turn转动，旋转。switch转轨，

转意。shift移动，转换。

37.Hewas_____withthepowerofacuteobservation.

A.conferred

B.endowed

C.equipped

D.bestowed

【答案】B

【解析】句意：他具有敏锐的观察力。endow意为“赋予”，后接with。

confer...on授予，给予……。equip...with装备，配备……。bestow...on授

予，赠予。

38.Please_____meonthatsubject.

A.enlighten

B.acquaint

C.inform

D.instruct

【答案】A

【解析】句意：请给我讲讲那个问题。enlightensb.onsth.教导某人某

事，使某人明白某事。instructsb.insth.教，教导某人某事。acquaint用

于短语acquaintsb.with，意为“使某人知道，使某人熟悉”。inform用于

短语informsb.ofsth.，意为“告知某人某事”。

39.Thesecurityguard_____twomenwhowereyellinginthecourtroom.

A.expelled

B.propelled

C.repelled

D.dispelled

【答案】A

【解析】句意：警卫把两个在法庭上喊叫的男人赶了出去。expel赶走。

propel意为“推进，推动”，相当于pushforward。repel击退，排斥，拒

绝。dispel驱散(云雾