2018年考研英语二真题与答案

./2018年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语〔二及答案SectionI

UseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword<s>foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.

<10points>WhydopeoplereadnegativeInternetcommentsanddootherthingsthatwillobviouslybepainful?Becausehumanshaveaninherentneedto___1___uncertainty,accordingtoarecentstudyinPsychologicalScience.Thenewresearchrevealsthattheneedtoknowissostrongthatpeoplewill___2__tosatisfytheircuriosityevenwhenitiscleartheanswerwill___3___.Inaseriesoffourexperiments,behavioralscientistsattheUniversityofChicagoBoothSchoolofBusinessandtheWisconsinSchoolofBusinesstestedstudents'willingnessto___4___themselvestounpleasantstimuliinanefforttosatisfycuriosity.Forone___5___,eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment.Thetwist?Halfofthepenswould___6___anelectricshockwhenclicked.Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswererigged;anothertwenty-sevenweretoldonlythatsomewereelectrified.___7___leftaloneintheroom,thestudentswhodidnotknowwhichoneswouldshockthemclickedmorepensandincurredmorejoltsthanthestudentswhoknewwhatwould___8___.Subsequentexperimentsreplicatedthiseffectwithotherstimuli,___9___thesoundoffingernailsonachalkboardandphotographsofdisgustinginsects.Thedriveto___10___isdeeplyingrainedinhumans,muchthesameasthebasicdrives___11___orshelter,saysChristopherHseeoftheUniversityofChicago,aco-authorofthepaper.Curiosityisoftenconsideredagoodinstinct—itcan____12___newscientificadvances,forinstance—butsometimessuch__13____canbackfire.Theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo____14____thingsisaprofoundone.Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto___15___,however.Inafinalexperiment,participantswhowereencouragedto___16___howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto___17____toseesuchanimage.Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe___18__offollowingthroughonone'scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine___19____itisworththeendeavor."Thinkingaboutlong-term___20___iskeytomitigatingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcuriosity,"Hseesays.Inotherwords,don'treadonlinecomments.1.A.ignoreB.protectC.discussD.resolve2.A.refuseB.seekC.waitD.regret3.A.riseB.lastC.hurtD.mislead4.A.alertB.exposeC.tieD.treat5.A.trialB.messageC.reviewD.concept6.A.removeB.deliverC.weakenD.interrupt7.A.UnlessB.IfC.WhenD.Though8.A.changeB.continueC.disappearD.happen9.A.suchasB.ratherthanC.regardlessofD.owingto10.A.disagreeB.forgiveC.discoverD.forget11.A.payB.foodC.marriageD.schooling12.A.beginwithB.restonC.leadtoD.learnfrom13.A.inquiryB.withdrawalC.persistenceD.diligence14.A.self-deceptiveB.self-reliantC.self-evidentD.self-destructive15.A.traceB.defineC.replaceD.resist16.A.concealB.overlookC.designD.predict17.A.chooseB.rememberC.promiseD.pretend18.A.reliefB.outcomeC.planD.duty19.A.howB.whyC.whereD.whetherB.investmentsC.consequencesD.strategiesSectionⅡReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.Answerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosing[A],[B],[C]or[D].MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.<40points>Text1ItiscuriousthatStephenKoziatekfeelsalmostasthoughhehastojustifyhiseffortstogivehisstudentsabetterfuture.Mr.Koziatekispartofsomethingpioneering.HeisateacherataNewHampshirehighschoolwherelearningisnotsomethingofbooksandtestsandrotememorization,butpractical,reportsstaffwriterStacyTeicherKhadaroointhisweek’scoverstory.Whendiditbecomeacceptedwisdomthatstudentsshouldbeabletonamethe13thpresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutbeutterlybamboozledbyabustedbikechain?AsKoziatekknows,thereislearninginjustabouteverything.Nothingisnecessarilygainedbyforcingstudentstolearngeometryatagraffitieddeskstuckwithgenerationsofdiscardedchewinggum.Theycanalsolearngeometrybyassemblingabicycle.Buthe’salsofoundakindofinsidiousprejudice.Workingwithyourhandsisseenasalmostamarkofinferiority.Schoolsinthefamilyofvocationaleducation"havethatstereotype...thatit’sforkidswhocan’tmakeitacademically,"hesays.Ononehand,thatviewpointisalogicalproductofAmerica’sevolution.Manufacturingisnottheeconomicenginethatitoncewas.ThejobsecuritythattheUSeconomyonceofferedtohighschoolgraduateshaslargelyevaporated.Moreeducationisthenewmantra.Wewantmoreforourkids,andrightfullyso.Buttheheadlongpushintobachelor’sdegreesforall–andthesubtledevaluingofanythingless–missesanimportantpoint:That’snottheonlythingtheAmericaneconomyneeds.Yes,abachelor'sdegreeopensmoredoors.Butevennow,54percentofthejobsinthecountryaremiddle-skilljob,suchasconstructionandhigh-skillmanufacturing.Butonly44percentofworkersareadequatelytrained.Inotherwords,atatimewhentheworkingclasshasturnedthecountryonitspoliticalhead,frustratedthattheopportunitythatoncedefinedAmericaisvanishing,oneobvioussolutionisstaringusintheface.Thereisagapinworking-classjobs,buttheworkerswhoneedthosejobsmostaren'tequippedtodothemKoziatek'sManchesterSchoolofTechnologyHighSchoolistryingtofillthatgap.Koziatek'sschooliswake-upcall.Wheneducationbecomesone-size-fits-all,itrisksoverlookinganation'sdiversityofgifts.21.Abrokenbikechainismentionedtoshowstudent'slackof.A.academictrainingB.practicalabilityC.pioneeringspiritD.mechanicalmemorizetion22.Thereexiststheprejudicethatvocationaleducationisforkidswho.A.haveastereotypedmindB.havenocareermotivationC.arefinanciallydisadvantagedD.arenotacademicallysuccessful23.WecaninferfromParagraph5thathighschoolgraduates.A.usedtohavemorejobopportunitiesB.usedtohavebigfinancialconcernsC.areentitledtomoreeducationalprivilegesD.arereluctanttoworkinmanufacturing24.Theheadlongpushintobachelorsdegreesforall.A.helpscreatealotofmiddle-classjobsB.maynarrowthegapinworking-classjobsC.indicatestheovervaluingofhighereducationD.isexpectedtoyieldabetter-trainedwirkforce25.Theauthor’sattitudetowardKoziatek’sschoolcanbedescribedas.A.tolerantB.cautiousC.supportiveD.disappointedText2Whilefossilfuels-coal,oil,gas–stillgenerateroughly85percentoftheworld’senergysupply,it’sclearerthaneverthatthefuturebelongstorenewablesourcessuchaswindandsolar.Themovetorenewableispickingupmomentumaroundtheworld:Theynowaccountformorethanhalfofnewpowersourcesgoingonline.Somegrowthstemfromacommitmentbygovernmentsandfarsightedbusinessestofundcleanerenergysources.Butincreasinglythestoryisabouttheplummetingpricesofrenewables,especiallywindandsolar.Thecostofsolarpanelshasdroppedby80percentandthecostofwindturbinesbyclosetoone-thirdinthepasteightyears.Inmanypartsoftheworldrenewableenergyisalreadyaprincipalenergysource.InScotland,forexample,windturbinesprovideenoughelectricitytopower95percentofhomes.Whiletherestoftheworldtakesthelead,notablyChinaandEurope,theUnitedStatesisalsoseeingaremarkableshift.InMarch,forthefirsttime,windandsolarpoweraccountedformorethan10percentofthepowergeneratedintheUS,reportedtheUSEnergyInformationAdministration.PresidentTrumphasunderlinedfossilfuels–especiallycoal–asthepathtoeconomicgrowth.InarecentspeechinIowa,hedismissedwindpowerasanunreliableenergysource.ButthatmessagedidnotplaywellwithmanyinIowa,wherewindturbinesdotthefieldsandprovide36percentofthestate’selectricitygeneration–andwheretechgiantslikeMicrosoftarebeingattractedbytheavailabilityofcleanenergytopowertheirdatacenters.Thequestion"whathappenswhenthewinddoesn’tbloworthesundoesn’tsshine?"hasprovidedaquickput-downforskeptics.Butaboostinthestoragecapacityofbatteriesismakingtheirabilitytokeeppowerflowingaroundtheclockmorelikely.Theadvanceisdriveninpartbyvehiclemanufacturers,whoareplacingbigbetsonbattery-poweredvehicles.Althoughelectriccarsarestillararityonroadsnow,thismassiveinvestmentcouldchangethepicturerapidlyincomingyears.Whilethere’salongwaytogo,thetrendlinesforrenewablesarespiking.Thepaceofchangeinenergysourcesappearstobespeedingup–perhapsjustintimetohaveameaningfuleffectinshowingclimatechange.WhatWashingtondoes–ordoesn’tdo–topromotealternativeenergymaymeanlessandlessatatimeofaglobalshiftinthought.26.Theword"plummeting"<Line3,Para.2>isclosestinmeaningto______.A.stabilizingB.changingC.fallingD.rising27.AccordingtoParagraph3,theuseofrenewableenergyinAmerica_____.A.isprogressingnotablyB.isasextensiveasinEuropeC.facesmanychallengesD.hasprovedtobeimpractical28.ItcanbelearnedthatinIowa,____.A.windisawidelyusedenergysource.B.windenergyhasreplacedfossilfuelsC.techgiantsareinvestingincleanenergyD.thereisashortageofcleanenergysupply29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutcleanenergyaccordingtoParagraphs5&6?A.Itsapplicationhasboostedbatterystorage.B.Itiscommonlyusedincarmanufacturing.C.Itscontinuoussupplyisbecomingareality.D.Itssustainableexploitationwillremaindifficult.30.Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatrenewableenergy____.A.willbringtheUSclosertoothercountriesB.willaccelerateglobalenvironmentalchangeC.isnotreallyencouragedbytheUSgovernmentD.isnotcompetitiveenoughwithregardtoitscostText3Thepowerandambitionofthegiantsofthedigitaleconomyisastonishing–AmazonhasjustannouncedthepurchaseoftheupmarketgrocerychainWholeFoodsfor$13.5bn,buttwoyearsagoFacebookpaidevenmorethanthattoacquiretheWhatsAppmessagingservice,whichdoesn’thaveanyphysicalproductatall.WhatWhatsAppofferedFacebookwasanintricateandfinelydetailedwebofitsusers’friendshipsandsociallives.FacebookpromisedtheEuropeancommissionthenthatitwouldnotlinkphonenumberstoFacebookidentities,butitbrokethepromisealmostassoonasthedealwentthrough.Evenwithoutknowingwhatwasinthemessages,theknowledgeofwhosentthemandtowhomwasenormouslyrevealingandstillcouldbe.Whatpoliticaljournalist,whatpartywhip,wouldnotwanttoknowthemakeupoftheWhatsAppgroupsinwhichTheresaMay’senemiesarecurrentlyplotting?ItmaybethatthevaluetoAmazonisnotsomuchthe460shopsitowns,buttherecordsofwhichcustomershavepurchasedwhat.Competitionlawappearstobetheonlywaytoaddresstheseimbalancesofpower.Butitisclumsy.Foronething,itisveryslowcomparedtothepaceofchangewithinthedigitaleconomy.Bythetimeaproblemhasbeenaddressedandremedieditmayhavevanishedinthemarketplace,tobereplacedbynewabusesofpower.Butthereisadeeperconceptualproblem,too.Competitionlawaspresentlyinterpreteddealswithfinancialdisadvantagetoconsumersandthisisnotobviouswhentheusersoftheseservicesdon’tpayforthem.Theusersoftheirservicesarenottheircustomers.Thatwouldbethepeoplewhobuyadvertisingfromthem–andFacebookandGoogle,thetwovirtualgiants,dominatedigitaladvertisingtothedisadvantageofallothermediaandentertainmentcompanies.Theproductthey’resellingisdata,andwe,theusers,convertourlivestodataforthebenefitofthedigitalgiants.Justassomeantsfarmthebugscalledaphidsforthehoneydewtheyproducewhentheyfeed,soGooglefarmsusforthedatathatourdigitallivesyield.Antskeeppredatoryinsectsawayfromwheretheiraphidsfeed;Gmailkeepsthespammersoutofourinboxes.Itdoesn’tfeellikeahumanordemocraticrelationship,evenifbothsidesbenefit.31.AccordingtoParagraph1,FacebookacquiredWhatsAppforits A. digitalproducts B. userinformation C. physicalassets D. qualityservice32.LinkingphonenumberstoFacebookidentitiesmay______. A. worsenpoliticaldisputes B. messupcustomerrecords C. posearisktoFacebookusers D. misleadtheEuropeancommission33.Accordingtotheauthor,competitionlaw______. A. shouldservethenewmarketpowers B. mayworsentheeconomicimbalance C. shouldnotprovidejustonelegalsolution D. cannotkeeppacewiththechangingmarket34.CompetitionlawaspresentlyinterpretedcanhardlyprotectFacebookusersbecause______.A.theyarenotdefinedascustomersB.theyarenotfinanciallyreliableC.theservicesaregenerallydigitalD.theservicesarepaidforbyadvertisers35.Theantsanalogyisusedtoillustrate______. A. awin-winbusinessmodelbetweendigitalgiants B. atypicalcompetitionpatternamongdigitalgiants C. thebenefitsprovidedfordigitalgiants’customers D. therelationshipbetweendigitalgiantsandtheirusersText4Tocombatthetrapofputtingapremiumonbeingbusy,GalNewport,antherofDeepWork:RulesforFocusedSuccessinaDistrictedworld,recommendsbuildingahabitof"deepwork",—theabilitytofocuswithoutdistraction.Thereareanumberofapproachestomasteringthemasteringtheartofdeepwork-beitlengthyretreats,dedicatedtoaspecifictask;developingadailyritual;ortakinga"journalistic"approachtoseizingmomentsofdeepworkwhenyoucanthroughouttheday.Whicheverapproach,thekeyistodetermineyourlengthoffocustimeandsticktoit.Newportalsorecommends"deepscheduling"tocombatconstantinterruptionsandgetmoredowninlesstime.Atanygivenpoint,Isholdhasdeepworkscheduledforroughlythenextmonth.OnceonthecalendarIprotectthistimelike,Iwouldadoctor'sappointmentorimportantmeeting,hewrites.Anotherapproachtogettingmoredowninlesstimeistorethinkhowyouprioritizeyourday-inparticularhowwecraftourto-dolists.TimHarford,authorofMessy.ThePowerofDisordertoTransformOurLives,pointstoastudyintheearly1980s,thatdividedundergraduatesintotwogroups:somewereadvisedtosetoutmonthlygoalsandstudyactivities;othersweretoldtoplanactivitiesandgoldsinmuchtimedetaildaybyday.Whiletheresearchersassumedthatthewell-structureddailyplanswouldbemosteffectivewhenitcametotheexecutionoftasks,theywerewrong:thedetaileddailyplansdemotivatedstudents.Hartfordarguesthatinevitabledistractionsoftenrenderthedailyto-dolistineffective,whilelivingroomforimprovisationinsuchalistcanreapthebestresults.Inordertomakethemostofourfocusandenergy.Wealsoneedtoembracedowntime,orasNewportsuggests,"belazy.""Idlenessisnotjustavacation,anindulgenceoravice;itisindispensabletobebrainasVitaminDistothebody…[idleness]is,paradoxically,necessarytogettinganyworkdone,"heargues.SririPillayanassistantofpsychiatryatHarvardMedicalSchool,believesthiscounter-intuitivelinkbetweendowntimeandproductivitymaybeduetothewayourbrainsoperate.Whenourbrainsswitchbetweenbeingfocusedandunfocusedonatask,theytendtobemoreefficient."Whatpeopledon'trealiseisthat,inordertocompletethesetaskstheyneedtouseboththefocusandunfocuscircuitsintheirbrain",saysPillay.36.Thekeytomasteringtheartofdeepworkisto____.A.keeptoyourfocustimeB.listyourimmediatetasksC.makespecificdailyplansD.seizeeveryminutetowork37.Thestudyintheearly1980scitedbyHarvardshowsthat____.A.distractionsmayactuallyincreaseefficiencyB.dailyschedulesareindispensabletostudyingC.studentsarehardlymotivatedbymonthlygoalsD.detailedplansmanynotbeasfruitfulasexpected38.AccordingtoNewport,idlenessis____.A. adesirablementalstateforbusypeople amajorcontributortophysicalhealthaneffectivewaytosavetimeandenergyanessentialfactorinaccomplishinganywork.39.Pillaybelievesthatourbrains’shiftbetweenbeingfocusedandunfocused______.A.canresultin.Psychologicalwill-beingB.canbringaboutgreaterefficiencyC.isaimedatabetterbalanceinworkD.isdrivenbytaskurgency40.Thistextismainlyabout______.A.waystorelievethetensionofbusylifeB.approachestogettingmoredoneinlesstimeC.thekeytoeliminatingdistractionsD.thecauseofthelackoffocustimePartBDirections:Readthefollowingtextandmatcheachofthenumbereditemsintheleftcolumntoitscorrespondinginformationintherightcolumn.Therearetwoextrachoicesintherightcolumn.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.<10points>JustsayitBepresentPayauniquecomplimentName,places,thingsFindthe"metoo"sSkipthesmalltalkAskforanopinionFivewaystomakeconversationwithanyoneConversationsarelinks,whichmeanswhenyouhaveaconversationwithanewpersonalinkgetsformedandeveryconversationyouhaveafterthatmomentwillstrengthenthelink.Youmeetnewpeopleeveryday:thegroceryworker,thecabdriver,newpeopleatworkorthesecurityguardatthedoor.Simplystartingaconversationwiththemwillformalink.Herearefivesimplewaysthatyoucanmakethefirstmoveandstartaconversationwithstrangers.41.__________Supposeyouareinaroomwithsomeoneyoudon'tknowandsomethingwithinyousays"Iwanttotalkwiththisperson"-thisissomethingthemostlyhappenswithallofus.Youwantedtosaysomething-thefirstword-butitjustwon'tcomeout.Itfeelslikeitisstucksomewhere,Iknowthefeelingsandhereismyadvicejustgetitout.Justthink:thatistheworstthatcouldhappen?Theywon'ttalkwithyou?Well,theyarenottalkingwithyounow!Itrulybelievethatonceyougetthatfirstwordouteverythingelsewilljustflow.Sokeepitsimple:"Hi","Hey"or"Hello"——dothebestyoucantogatheralloftheenthusiasmandenergyyoucan,putonabigsmileandsay"Hi".42.____________________It’saproblemallofusface:youhavelimitedtimewiththepersonthatyouwanttotalkwithandyouwanttomakethistalk,memorable.Honestly,ifwegotstuck,intherut,of"hi","hello","howareyou""andwhat'sgoingon?"youwillfailtogivetheinitialJolttotheconversationthatcanmakeitsomemorable.Sodon'tbeafraid,toaskmorepersonalquestions.Trustme,you’llbesurprisedtoseehowmuchpeoplearewillingtoshareifyoujustask.43.____________________Whenyoumeetapersonforthefirsttime,makeanefforttofindthethingswhichyouandthatperson,haveincommonsothatyoucanbuildtheconversation,fromthatpoint.Whenyoustartaconversationfromthereandthenmoveoutward,youwillfindallofasuddenthattheconversationbecomesaloteasier.44.____________________Imagineyouarepouringyourheartouttosomeoneandtheyarejustbusyontheirphone,andifyouask,fortheirattention,yougettheresponse"IcanMultitask".Sowhensomeonetries,tocommunicatewithyou,justbeinthatcommunicationwholeheartedly.Makeeyecontact,youcanfeeltheconversation.45.____________________Youallcameintoaconversation,whereyoufirstmettheperson,butaftersometimeyoumayhavemetagain,andhaveforgottentheirname.Isn'tthatawkward!Sorememberthelittledetailsofthepeopleyoumight,oryoutalkedwith;perhapstheplacestheyhavebeento,theplacetheywanttogo,thethingstheylike,thethingtheyhate-whateveryoutalkaboutWhenyouremembersuchthingyoucanautomaticallybecomeinvestorintheirwellbeing.SotheyfeelaresponsibilitytoyoutokeepbadrelationshipgoingThat'sit.Fiveamazingwaysthatyoucanmakeconversationwithalmostanyone.Everypersonisareallygoodbooktoread,ortohaveaconversationwith!A.bepresent41.B.justsayit42.C.askforanopinion43.D.name,places,things44.E.findthe"metoo"s45.F.payauniquecomplimentG.skipthesmalltalkSectionⅢTranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextfromEnglishintoChinese.Writeyour

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ANSWERSHEET2.<15points>Afifthgradergetsahomeworkassignmenttoselecthisfuturecareerpathfromalistofoccupations.Heticks"astronaut"butquicklyadds"scientist"tothelistandselectsitaswell.Theboyisconvincedthatifhereadsenough,hecanexploreasmanycareerpathsashelikes.Andsohereads——everythingfromencyclopaediastosciencefictionnovels.Hereadssoferventlythathisparentshavetoinstitutea"noreadingpolicy"atthedinnertable.ThatboywasBillGates,andhehasn’tstoppedreadingyet——notevenafterbecomingoneofthemostsuccessfulpeopleontheplanet.Nowadays,hisreadingmaterialhaschangedfromsciencefictionandreferencebooks:recently,herevealedthathereadsatleast50nonfictionbooksayear.Gateschoosesnonfictiontitlesbecausetheyexplainhowtheworldwoks."Eachbookopensupnewavenuesofknowledgetoexplore,"——Gatessay.SectionIV

WritingPartADirections:SupposeyouhavetocancelyourtravelplanandwillnotbeabletovisitprofessorSmith.Writehimanemailto1>apologizeandexplainthesituation;2>suggestafuturemeeting.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsontheANSWERSHEET.Don’tuseyourownname,use"LiMing"instead.Don’twriteyouraddress.<10points>PartBDirections:Writeanessaybasedonthefollowingchart.Inyouressay,youshouldinterpretthechart,andgiveyourcomments.Youshouldwriteabout150wordsneatlyontheANSWERSHEET.<15points>答案解析1、[答案][B]resolve[解析]此处考察词义辨析.首段首句以问句形式提出文章中心：人们浏览网络负面评论信息以及做一些明显令人痛苦的事情的原因.第二句给出原因：因为人们内心里有一种____〔生活中的不确定因素或不安的需求,空格处所需的动词需要和后面的宾语uncertainty构成语义搭配.B选项resolve〔解决、消除符合语义要求；A选项protect〔保护,C选项discuss〔讨论,D选项ignore〔忽略带入空格后,语义不通顺,均排除.故正确答案为B选项resolve.2、[答案][D]seek[解析]此处考察词义辨析.空格所在句指出：这项新研究表明,这种求知需求如此强烈以至于人们会_____〔答案来满足他们的好奇心即使他们清楚答案会_____.空格处所填入的词需要和后面隐含的宾语答案来构成顺畅的语义搭配,只有D选项seek〔试图、设法、寻找符合要求；A选项refuse〔拒绝,B选wait〔等待,C选项regret〔遗憾带入后,语义不通顺.故正确答案为[D]seek.3、[答案][A]hurt[解析]此处考察词义辨析.空格所在句指出：这项新研究表明,这种求知需求如此强烈以至于人们寻找答案来满足他们的好奇心即使答案明显_____.本句中的evenwhen〔即使构成了前后的对立关系,因此空格处所填入的词需和前面的感情色彩词"strong"及语义构成对立,只有A选项hurt〔令人痛苦符合要求；另外此处的itisclearthattheanswerwillhurt也和第一句中的thatwillobviouslybepainful构成了近义复现.故A选项为正确答案.4、[答案][D]expose[解析]此处考察固定短语.空格所在处,构成了___oneselftosth结构,只有D选项expose符合要求〔使某人暴露在……中,故D选项expose为正确答案.5、[答案][C]trail[解析]此处考察词义辨析.本段段首提到"aseriesoffourexperiments",空格所在句给出其中一个实验的信息,只有C选项trail与experiment语义相近,故正确答案为C选项trail.6、[答案][D]deliver[解析]此处考察上下文信息对应以及动宾搭配问题.上文指出：Foronetrial,eachparticipantwasshownapileofpensthattheresearcherclaimedwerefromapreviousexperiment.在一个试验中,研究人员给每位受试者一堆笔并声称其源于先前的实验.这是实验的背景.下文具体实验展开,Halfofthepenswould…anelectricshockwhenclicked.有一半的比在按下的时候会使使人触电.所以比对选项,要选择deliver,发出,递送.因此选择D.deliver7、[答案][A]when[解析]此处考察上下文句间的逻辑关系.空前空后是状语的关系.上文讲的是Twenty-sevenstudentsweretoldwhichpenswererigged;another27weretoldonly…研究人员告知了27名受试学生哪些笔是内有玄机,而另外27名学生只知道有些笔是带电的.下文就是具体的发生的实验状态了.当他们独自在房里时,…而不是条件if,unless或者转折关系.因此选择A.8、[答案][B]happen[解析]此处考察上下语境下的句内动词关系.根据上文的实验背景,试验中27个人知道哪些笔是内有玄机,而另外27名学生只知道有些笔是带电的.下面的告知了实验的结论：当他们独自在房里时,那些不知哪些笔带电的学生按下了更多的笔头,比这些受试者多,后面是定语,显然这些受试者是只上文被告知的人,所以这些人知道thestudentswhoknewwhatwouldhappen,强调结果性.所以选择B.happen9、[答案][D]suchas[解析]此处考察句间的逻辑关系.上文在之后其他刺激因素的实验中,后文讲到具体的实验：指甲刮黑板的声音和令人生厌的昆虫图片显然这里需要例证关系,故选择D.suchas10、[答案][A]discover[解析]此处考察上下文的信息对应和句内信息对应.这是个中心复现词,文章开篇提出：Thehumandrivetoresolveuncertaintyissostrong

…人们对于寻找答案以消除不确定因素总是乐此不疲.再根据上文的实验,都表示这是一种discover的需求,越是不确定的,越好奇.故选择A.discover11、[答案][D]food[解析]此处考察同义复现.这个空出现在卡内基梅隆大学<CarnegieMellonUniversity>的观点中,前后观点没有任何转折连词,所以前后句应该一脉相承.前文中thedriveisdeeplyrootedinhuman,指的是人类根深蒂固的本性,而且后文也说到curiosityisagoodinstinct〔本能,探索的动力在人类中根深蒂固,与食物或避难所的基本动力相当.因此此处应该选food.A选项pay支付；B选项marriage婚姻；C选项schooling学习教育,皆不符合文意.12、[答案][A]leadto[解析]此处考察成分搭配.原文表达：好奇心通常被认为是一种很好的本能——它会________新的科学进步,此处选择A选项leadto符合文意.B选项reston取决于；C选项learnfrom向…学习；D选项beginwith以…开始,皆不符合文意.13、[答案][C]inquiry[解析]此处考察反义复现.原文表达：butsometimessuch_________canbackfire.but一词的出现就说明前后两句话是转折句义,前文说好奇心会带来新的科学进步；后文的一个指示代词such一出现,就证明和前句的主语是一致的,在此只能选择curiosity的近义词,为Cinquiry.A选项withdrawal撤回；B选项persistence坚持；D选项diligence勤奋,皆不符合文意.14、[答案][B]self-destructive[解析]此处考察成分搭配.Theinsightthatcuriositycandriveyoutodo______thingsisaprofoundone.因为前文有所提示,butsometimessuch_________canbackfire,有时候好奇心会适得其反,这句话也是对于上文的承接,因此这里需要填入的是好奇心带来的副作用的表达,因此选[B]self-destructive自我毁灭的.A选项self-reliant自力更生的；C选项self-evident显而易见的；D选项self-deceptive自欺欺人的,皆不符合文意.15、[答案][B]resist[解析]此处考察同义复现.Unhealthycuriosityispossibleto__________,however.这句话之后出现了论据,用以支撑前文的论点：Inafinalexperiment,participantswhowereencouragedtopredicthowtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelytochoosetoseesuchanimage,在最后的实验中,那些积极预测自己目睹不太悦目图片感受的受试者,他们选择此类图片的可能性较小.此处picturewerelesslikelytochoosetoseesuchanimage=resist,是对于本段论点句的同义复现,因为选择B选项resist.A选项define定义；C选项replace替代；D选项trace追踪,皆不符合文意.16、[答案][B]predict[解析]此处考察句间逻辑关系,属于句子内部的显性线索.本段首句是本段的中心：然而,抵制病态的好奇心理是并非不可能.所以可以预测出这一段会围绕抵制病态的好奇心会有什么好的影响.Inafinalexperiment,participantswhowereencouragedto16howtheywouldfeelafterviewinganunpleasantpicturewerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage.16题所在句子是participants的后置定语,用来修饰受测者,他们积极地去如何,与后面定语从句中目睹不太愉悦的照片后他们将〔would会有什么样的感觉,可以得出是提前想象出来的,故选择Bpredict,预测.17、[答案][C]choose[解析]此处考察句间逻辑关系,属于句子内部的显性线索.此题所在句子结构化简后是participantswerelesslikelyto17toseesuchanimage.这里面的suchimage指的是上面提到的anunpleasantpicture,所以既然已经知道图片会带来不愉悦的感觉,就不可能去选择了,故选择C,choose选择.18、[答案][D]outcome[解析]此处考察句间逻辑关系,属于句子内部的显性线索.Theseresultssuggestthatimaginingthe18offollowingthroughonone'scuriosityaheadoftimecanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.18题所在位置是the18offollowingthroughonone'scuriosityaheadoftime此短语是imagining同位语,用来解释imagining：为利用好奇心可提前想象的结果.所以此题选择是的imagining的同义词.19、[答案][B]whether[解析]此处考察句间的逻辑关系.imaginingcanhelpdetermine19itisworththeendeavor.这种结果可以帮助人们决定它们...值得一试.根据句间逻辑关系,这些研究结果表明,利用好奇心可提前想象事件的结果,从而帮助人们决定它们是否值得一试.故Bwhether为正确选项.20、[答案][A]consequences[解析]此处考察词义辨析."Thinkingaboutlong-term20iskeytomitigatingthepossiblenegativeeffectsofcurio