初中英语语法之-一般现在时课件

一般现在时1The

Simple

Present

Tenseget

up2go

tobedgo

tosleephave

breakfasthave

lunchhave

dinnerhave

supper3go

toschool4gohomestartworkstart

lessons5finish

schoolplayfootball6wash

handsdohomework7watchTV我在早上七点半起床.I

get

up

at

half

pastseven.我们在3：30回家。We

go

home

at

half

pastthree.他们在学校吃午饭。

They

have

lunch

atschool.

我十二岁。

I’mtwelve.8一般现在时一、概念一般现在时表示经常或习惯性的动作，也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力，及普遍真理和自然规律。9二、基本用法1.一般现在时表示现在的状态

1）I’m

twelve.(我十二岁）2)I

have

three

baseballs.（我有三个棒球）2）I’m

in

the

classroom（我在教室里）3）Jack

is

from

china.（杰克来自中国）4）Where

is

my

bag?（我的包在哪儿）5）Iam

a

student.(我是一名学生）102.一般现在时表示经常性和习惯性的动作。11She

usually

gets

up

at

sixo’clock.(她通常在六点钟起床）He

reads

English

every

morning.他每天早晨读英语。一般现在时的时间标志词：often

经常，usually通常，always

总是，sometimes有时，never从不，every

day每天，

on

weekends在周末等selodm

很少

不常

every

+时间（everyyear）Lucy

never

takes

a

shower.(露西从不洗澡）We

sometimes

play

basketball

afterschool.(我们有时在放学后打篮球）5）12I

always

do

my

homework

onweekends(我总是在周末做作业）3.一般现在时表示主语具备的性格和能力。

1）She

likes

English.(她喜欢英语）2）I

like

playing

basketball

ball,but

don'tlike

playing

baseball.(我喜欢打篮球，但是我不喜欢打棒球）3）He

can

speak

Chinese.(他能够说英语）4）She

sings

well.(她唱歌很好听。）13普遍真理和自然规律：

1）

Two

andfour

is

six.二加四等于六。The

moon

goes

around

theearth.月亮绕着地球转。Ten

minus

two

is

eight.十减二等于八。Light

travels

faster

than

sound

.光的速度比声音的速度快。145、在条件状语从句和时间状语从句中，遵从主将从现。例如：I'll

tell

him

the

news

when

he

comesback.他回来时，我将告诉他这个消息。If

you

take

the

job

,

they

will

talkwith

you

in

greater

details.如果你接受这份工作，他们将和你谈谈156、表示格言或警句。例如：Pride

goes

before

a

fall.骄者必败。注意：此用法如果出现在宾语从句中，即使主句是过去时，从句谓语也要用一般现在时。16一般现在时表达方法主要通过谓语动词的变化和用时间词语来表示，其中最主要的是谓语动词的变化。一般现在时动词变化的规则是：当主语为非第三人称单数，谓语动词用原型。当主语为第三人称单数，谓语动词用第三人

称单数形式。e.g.We

often

get

up

early

in

themorning.

My

father

oftengets

up

early

in

themorning.17（一）第三人称单数18用一句话概括：“非你、非我、非复数”如he,she,it,my

father,my

mother,mysister,

our

English

teacher,

Tom,

Mike,

LiuJia,

China,

my

book,

etc.she

he

it;单个人名、地名；单数可数名词或者

this/that/the+单数可数名词；不定代词someonesomebody,nobody,everything,something,anything;不可数名词；数字和字母work--play--live--sing--（二）动词三单变化规律动词第三人称单数变化的规则与可数名词复数变化的规则相同。1、一般动词，在词尾加s

;

如：19eg: She

lives

(live)

in

Ningbo.她住在宁波。worksplayslivessings2.以,-s,-x,-sh,-ch结尾的加-es。读作/iz

/如：20eg: My

mother

washes

(wash) the

coat.我母亲洗了大衣。pass----fix----wash----

washespassesfixesteach----

teachesmiss----

missesmix----

mixespush----

pusheswish----

wishes3.

以辅音字母加y结尾的，变y为i，再加-es。注意一定是辅音字母加y才变，若是元音字母加y，则直接加-s。如：21fly→fry→triesflies

try→friescopy→

copiesenjoy→

enjoyssay→saysbuy→

buysplay→pay→

playspays4.以辅音字母+o结尾的词，一般情况是在词尾加es,

读作[z]22godogoesdoes5.特殊情况：have

hasbe

(am,

are)

ise.g.

He aworker.三、句式结构1.

be动词的一般现在时的句式：

肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)23isYou

are

thirteen.They

are

in

the

classroom.

否定句：主语+be+not+表语.e.g.

He

isn't

(

not

be

)aworker.You

aren’t

(

not

be)thirteen.They

aren’t

(

not

be

)in

the

classroom.

一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?e.g.

Is

heaworker? Yes,

he

is

./No,

heisn’t.

Are

youthirteen?

Are

they

in

the

classroom?Yes,

they

are

.No,

they

aren’t.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?e.g. What

is

he? What

colour

is

thatbirdHow

old

areyou?

Where

are

they

?24小结：be

动词的一般现在时的句式：

肯定句：主语+be+表语(n.,adj.等)

否定句：主语+be+not+表语.

一般疑问句：Be+主语+表语?

特殊疑问句：疑问词+be+主语?252.实义动词的一般现在时句式：

肯定句:

主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他.(stay)

at

home

onSaturdays.He(stay)

at

home

onSaturdays.26(have)

sports

every

day.1)I

stayThey

have

(have)

sports

every

day.My

parents

give

(give)

me

ten

yuanevery

week.

主语（三单）+v.-s/v.-es+其他.staysLucy

hasdo

not

否定句：主语(非三单)+don't+v.原形+其他4)

Idon’t

stay

(not

stay)at

home

on

Saturdays.5)Theydon’t

have(not)have

sports

every

day.6)My

parents

don't

give

(not)

give

ten

yuanto

me

every

week.

does

+not

主语(三单)+doesn't+v.原形+其他He

doesn’t

stay(not

stay)

at

home

on

Saturdays.Lucy

doesn’t

have(not

have)

sports

every

day.27

一般疑问句：Do+主语(非三单)+v.原形+其他？肯定回答：Yes,主语+do.否定回答：No,

主语+don't.Do

you

stay

(stay)

at

home

on

Saturdays?Do

theyhave

(have)

sports

every

day?

Does+主语(三单)+v.原形+其他？Does

he

stay

(stay)

at

home

onSaturdays?Does

Lucy

have

(have)

sports

every

day?28What

she

do

(do)?29特殊疑问句：疑问词+do/does+主语+v.原形+其他？e.g.

What

do

you

want

(want)?What

does

she

want

(want)?Whattime

do

you

have

(have)

lunch?What

time

does

she

have(have)

lunch?What

do

you

do

(do)?doesHow

do

you

spell

(spell)

it?How

does

he

spell (spell)it?小结：(1).如果主语是I/We/You/They及名词复数，谓语动词不用做任何变化，即仍然用动词原形表示：肯定句：主语+动词原形+其他否定句：主语+don't+动词原形+其他一般疑问句：Do+主语+动词原形+其他？肯定回答:Yes，主语+do.否定回答:

No，主语+don't

.特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?30(2).主语是第三人称单数，31肯定句:否定句:主语+动词的第三人称单数+其他主语+doesn't+动词原形+其他一般疑问句:Does+主语+动词原形+其他肯定回答:Yes，主语+does否定回答:No，主语+doesn't特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句?go

catch

brush

wash

do

like

have

watch

drink

fly

eat

read

say

sing

learn

buy

study

stay

make

look

pass

carry

come

plant(种植)

teach

buy

练习巩固1.写出下列动词的三单形式322.用括号内动词的适当形式填空。We

often

(play)

in

theplayground.He

(get)

up

at

six

o’clock.

you

(brush)

your

teeth

everymorning.What

(do)

he

usually

(do)afterschool?Danny

(study)English,

Chinese,Maths,

Science

and

Art

at

school.33Mikesometimes

(go)

tothe

parkwith

his

sister.At

eight

at

night, she

often

(watch)TV

with

his

parents.

Mike

(read)

English

every

day?How

many

lessons

your

classmate

(have)

onMonday?Whattime

hismother

(do)the

housework?343.选择题1.I

to

school

at

7:00

in

themorning.A.

go B.

going C.

goesThey

books

every

day

in

thelibrary.A.reads B.

read C.readingThe

monkey

eating

bananas

very

much.A.like B.

likes C.

liking354.Myfather

to

read

newspaper

aftersupper

everyday.A.like B.

likes C.

liking5.

I

like

watching

TV, butmy

mother

like

it.A.don’t B.

doesn’t C.does6.

your

father

drink

milk

every

day?A.Do

B.Are C.Does367.

We

will

go

shopping

if

it

tomorrow.37A.

don't

rainC.

doesn't

rainB.

didn't

rainD.

isn't

rain8.Hesaidthesun

intheeastand

inthe

west.A

rose;

setC

rises,

setB

rises;

setsD

rise;

setsWangMei

musicandoften

to

music.A