期末复习重点语法重点句子2023-2024学年七年级上册

名词n.表示人或事物的名称人名MariaKangkangJaneWangJunfeng(fullname全名)Wang(familyname姓)Junfeng(givenname名)StephenHawking(fullname全名)Stephen(givenname名)Hawking(familyname姓)地名ChinaAmerica/theUSAEngland/theUKJapanCanadaCuba事物不可数名词（不可以数的名词）前面加some，any，no（数量上没有），alittle/little，much，量词of数不清的名词：hairrice肉类及液体类：fishchickenmeatwaterjuicemilk形状不一的名词：breadchocolate抽象名词：helplovesomefish;nowater;alittlemilk;muchchicken;aglassofjuice/water/milk;threeglassesofjuice/water/milk可数名词（句子中使用时：1.前面加a/an/the；2.前面加形容性物主代词3.前面加this/that；4.变复数）可数名词变复数规则：直接加s；boysbookstrees以s，x，sh，ch结尾时，加es；class(classes)bus(buses)box(boxes)fish(fishes)以辅音加y结尾，变y为i加es；baby(babies)family(families)以f(e)结尾，变f(e)为v加es；knife(knives)half(halves)不规则变化：man/menwoman/womensnowman/snowmenfoot/feetchild/children本身就是复数的名词：peoplefamily(家人)clothes经常以复数形式出现的名词：parent(parents)grandparent(grandparents)vegetable(vegetables)eye(eyes)ear(ears)hand(hands)foot(feet)leg(legs)arm(arms)单复同形的词：Chinesefish名词所有格一般加’s；Jack’s（Jack的）；myfather’s(我爸爸的)以s结尾的复数名词，加’；students’(学生的)

代词pron.用于代替名词（Iyouheshemine）、形容词（hisherour）或数词（oneonesthisthatthesethose）。人称代词数格人称单数复数主格宾格主格宾格第一人称Imeweus第二人称youyouyouyou第三人称shehertheythemhehimitit人称代词主格为动作实施者，陈述句中，一般位于谓语动词前；人称代词宾格一般位于动词及介词后。物主代词数人称类别单数复数第一人称第二人称第三人称第一人称第二人称第三人称我的你的她的他的它的我们的你们的他（她/它）们的形容词性myyourherhisitsouryourtheir名词性mineyourshershisitsoursyourstheirs名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词；名词性物主代词，后边不出现名词；物主代词必须和名词搭配使用。指示代词类别单数复数近指thisthese远指thatthose

数词num.表示数量（onetwentythirteen）或顺序（first第一；second第二；last最后）zeroonetwothreefourfivesixseveneightnine(teen)eleventwelvethirteenfourteenfifteensixteenseventeeneighteennineteen(ty)tentwentythirtyfortyfiftysixtyseventyeightyninety百位数后加and（英式英语中使用and）；hundred不能加s69sixtynine;106onehundredandsix;219twohundredandnineteen;360threehundredandsixty;时间表达法6:00sixo’clock 2:05twoofive/fivepasttwo 3:15threefifteen/aquarterpastthree4:19fournineteen/nineteenpastfour5:30fivethirty/halfpastfive 7:36seventhirtysix/twentyfourtoeight8:45eightfortyfive/aquartertonine9:55ninefiftyfive/fivetoten数学公式表达法Oneandoneistwo.1+1=2冠词art.（a/an/the）a/an表示一个；the表示这个或那个；都是和名词搭配使用，不能单独使用。an用于发音为元音的字母（a,e,i,o,u）前，其余用a。anEnglishboy anapple anorange acarahamburgeratigerWhoisthegirlinpurple?Thereisaboyinthecar.TheboyisinablackTshirt.形容词adj.用于描述或修饰名词或代词，说明人或事物的特征或性质。smalleyes awidemouth bigfeet myfavoritecolorSheisclever.副词adv.用于修饰动词、形容词、副词或整句话。HecanspeakEnglishwell.（well为副词，修饰动词speak）Theyareverykindtome.（very为副词，修饰形容词kind）IcanspeakChineseverywell.（very为副词，修饰副词well）Happily,mymotherbuyssomedressesforme.（happily为副词，修饰后边一整句话）

动词v.表示动作或状态Be动词（amisare）我是am；你是are；is连着她、他、它；单数is；复数are。Be动词在一般疑问句中做谓语动词时，置于句首；在特殊疑问句中，位于特殊疑问词后，其他词前。AreyouanEnglishteacher?Yes,Iam./No,I’mnot.What’syourfavoriteanimal?’mfromCanada.3.SheisJane.’’stwentyyuan.Be动词做谓语动词变否定时，后边加not。Heisateacher.Heisnotateacher.’sonehundredandfiftyyuan.情态动词（can/couldwill/wouldmayneed）：1.无第三人称单数变化；2.后边必须和除情态动词外的动词连用。有情态动词的句子变一般疑问句，要把情态动词提至最前面。Icanspellit.Canyouspellit?Yes,Ican./No,Ican’t.Icouldtellyoumyname.Couldyoutellmeyourname?Iwillcallhim.Willyoucallhim?Iwouldlikedrinkaglassofmilk.Wouldyouliketodrinkaglassofmilk?Imayhelpyou.MayIhelpyou?Heneedbuytwokilosofchicken.Needhebuytwokilosofchicken?有情态动词的句子变特殊疑问句，要把情态动词放在特殊疑问词？Icansingsongs.Whatcanyoudo?Iwouldliketoeatsomefish.Whatwouldyouliketoeat?有情态动词的句子变否定句时，在后边加not。Icanspellit.Ican’tspellit.Heneedbuyfourbottlesofmilk.Heneedn’tbuyfourbottlesofmilk.实义动词表示有实际意义的动词，除be动词及情态动词外。句型转换时，需要借助do/does只有实义动词的句子变一般疑问句，需要do/does置于句首（注意第三人称单数，将does位于句首后，第三人称单数的动词变为原形）IspeakChinese.DoyouspeakChinese?Yes,Ido./No,Idon’t.Hewantstobuyapairofshoes.Doeshewanttobuyapairofshoes?Yes,hedoes./No,hedoesn’t.练习：Ihavemanyfriendshere.2.WelikeChinesefood.3.Heusuallyhasbreadandmilkforbreakfast.只有实义动词的句子变特殊疑问句，需要do/does置于特殊疑问词后，（注意第三人称单数，将does位于特殊疑问词后，第三人称单数的动词变为原形）Weneedtwokilosofapplesandsomerice.Whatdoweneed?Helikesblue.Whatcolordoeshelike?练习：1.Theytakesomebreadwiththem.2.Hewantstosingsongsthere.只有实义动词的句子变否定句时，需要在谓语动词前面加don’t/doesn’t。（注意第三人称单数，将doesn’t置于谓语动词前后，第三人称单数的动词变为原形）IspeakEnglish.Idon’tspeakEnglish.Thegirlliveswithhergrandparents.Thegirldoesn’tlivewithgrandparents.练习：1.Wetakesomeapplesandbananaswithus.2.Myfatherlikeseatingapples.动词的第三人称单数一般直接加s；want/wants drink/drinks eat/eats以s,x,ch,sh,o结尾，加es；guess/guesses do/doesgo/goesteach/teaches以辅音加y结尾，变y为i加es；try/tries fly/flies不规则变形；have/has介词prep.表示词或句的关系。介词后加人称代词宾格，介词后加动词的ing形式（doing）。in(在……里面；用),on(在……表面上),about(关于),with(关于；和),from(来自),for(为了；对于),at(向；在某处；在某个时间点),to(到),of(……的)inClassFive,GradeSeven inEnglish/Chinese inmyfather’scaronthedesk onthewayhomehelpmewithmyEnglish livewithmygrandparents takesomeappleswithusfromChina toAmericabuysomeclothesformymom buytwocoatsfortwohundredyuan getsomewaterforhimlookatthephoto atsixthirty/halfpastsix athomeaphotoofmyfamily someofthem连词conj.用于连接词与词，短语与短语，句子与句子。（and并且；表并列递进but但是；表转折so所以；表因果）myfriendandI applesandbananas inthesameschoolbutindifferentgradesIlikeEnglish,soIoftenreadEnglisheverymorning.

what（具体内容；什么）What’syourname? MynameisSally.Whatareyourfavoriteanimals? Myfavoriteanimalsareelephants.What’syourtelephonenumber? It’s857624.What’sthis/thatinEnglish? It’sanapple.Whatarethese/those? Theyaretoycars.Whatclassareyouin?（班级） I’minClassFive,GradeSeven.Whatgradeisshein?（年级） SheisinGradeSeven.Whatdoeshelooklike?（外貌） Heistall.Hehasbigeyes,asmallnoseandawidemouth.Whatdoeshesayintheletter? It’sfrommyfriend,Maria.Whatwouldyouliketodrink? I’dliketodrinksomeapplejuice.Whatdoesyourmotherdo?（职业） Sheisateacher.Whatdoyouusuallyhaveforbreakfast? Iusuallyhavesomebreadandmilkforbreakfast.Whatdoyouthinkofthesetrousers?（评价） They’retoolong.Idon’tlikethematall.Whatdoweneed? Weneedtwokilosofapplesandonekiloofrice.Whattimeisitnow?/Whatisthetimenow?（时间）It’sfivefortyfive./It’saquartertosix.Whatcolordoeshelike?（颜色） Helikesblue.who（提问人；谁）Whoareyou? I’mKangkang.Whoisshe? SheisJane.Who’sthis?