2021-2022学年山西省太原第三实验中学高三（上）第二次月考英语试卷（附答案详解）

2021-2022学年山西省太原第三实验中学高三（上）第二

次月考英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共45.0分）

A

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,Choosingtheseasonticketcalculator

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Checkoutourseasonticketcalculatortodaytogetstarted.

1.Whatisthefeatureoftravelingoff-peakbytrainintheUK?

A.Thetrainsaretoocrowded.

B.Trainticketsareoftensoldout.

C.Therearemorepassengersatthistime.

D.Thetraveltimeperiodsarerelativelyunoccupied.

2.Whatcanvisitorsdoiftheywanttoknowwhentrainfareswillrise?

A.Callaheadandask.

B.ChecktheAmericanapp.

C.Refertothepricepredictiontool.

D.Downloadtheseasonticketcalculator.

3.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthetext?

A.Toadvertisetrainservices.

B.Toencouragepassengerstotravelabroad.

C.Toofferservicestothetrainpassengersontheway.

D.Tohelpvisitorsspendlessmoneyonrailwaytickets.

B

Thatyoungstersweregluedtoonlinegamesontheirsmartphoneswasagreatconcernfor

NgurangMeena,aschoolteacherinNiijuli.The30-year-oldsocialscienceteacher,whoranthe

NgurangLearningInstitute,anadultliteracycentre,saidthatshefeltdisheartenedwhenshe

readstudentpapers."Thegraphofstudentperformanceisfallingeveryyear.ltbreaksmyheart

wheneverIseeanswersheets-basicgrammarskillsaremissingandthere'sanabsenceofany

cohesive（连贯性的）expression.Theylackguidanceandreadingcultureisalmostzero,”

Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthecentresheranhadtocloseduetoinfectiousdiseases,she

plannedtodosomethingtoaddresstheproblem.

InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meenasetupabookshelfwitharound80booksas

wellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadinNiijulionAugust30th,2020,wherepassers-by

couldspendtimereading.Theselectionsincludedmotivationalbooks,biographiesandnovels

aswellascomicsforyoungchildren."Ihavetopleasetheminorswithsweetstositand

read,butthatisokay/'shelaughed.

Meena'sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswhospenthoursinthereading

corner.Withintwomonths,hereffortbecamethetalkofthetown.

Now,generouscontributionsofbookscomeinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceiving

requeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthe

capitalJtanagar.Sincethetinylibrariesarefarfromthemaintown,shealsolendsbooksoutto

thosewhowanttoreadathome.

第2页，共22页

"Ineverthoughtthatthiswouldbecomesuchabiginspiration,"Meenasaid.nSince

childhood,wehavebeentoldthatbooksareourbestfriends.Thenextgenerationofkidsis

focusedongamesandotherthings.Idon*twantthemtoheadonthewrongtrack,0sheadded.

4.What'stheaimofMeena'sreadingprogram?

A.Tohelpadultslearnsomecohesiveexpression.

B.Tocareforyoungsterslackinginreading.

C.TokeepNgurangLearningInstituterunningwell.

D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofreadingforadults.

5.WhatdidMeenadotoencourageyoungkidstoreadmore?

A.Sheofferedthemtransportation.

B.Sheofferedsomerewardstothem.

C.Shechosenovelswithbeautifulcovers.

D.Sheselectedbookscoveringeverycategory.

6.WhichwordscanbestdescribeMeena'slibraries?

A.Influentialandmeaningful.B.Smallanduseless.

C.Largebutimpractical.D.Widespreadbutunwelcome.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Books：SourcesofKnowledge

B.TheRoadsideReadingCorner

C.TheLibrary：aParadisefortheYoung

D.NewIdeasaboutSettingaReadingPlan

c

Whilewemaythinkitfeelsgoodtocomplain,complaininghassomebadeffectsassociated

withit.

Whyisn'tcomplainingbeneficial?Researchshowsthatitconnectsourbrainwith

negativity.Thebrainisdesignedtoworkefficiently.Thismeansthatwhenwerepeata

thought,negativeorpositive,thenervecellsformabridgebetweeneachothertopass

informationinahigherspeed.Therefore,thenexttimewehaveasimilartypeofthought,itis

moreeasilypassed.Thisexplainswhycertainthoughtpatternsbecomehabits.

Yettheharmfuleffectsdon*tstopthere.Astudyshowsthatcomplainingcausesthe

hippocampus（海马区）,whichplaysavitalroleinproblem-solving,tobecomesmaller.

Inadditiontocausingbraindamage,complainingalsoreleasesastresshormone：cortisol,akind

ofchemicalthebodyproduceswhenwemeetwithsomedanger.Constantlyhavingahighlevel

ofcortisolresultsinhighbloodpressure,highbloodsugar,andlowerimmunity（免疫力）.

Theilleffectsofourcomplainingaren'tjustlimitedtoourselves：theyalsoinvolvethose

aroundus.Wetendtomirrorthemoodsofourfriends.Forthisreason,weshouldbecautious

abouthavingstubborncomplainersinourcircleofcompanions.

Thebestwaytodealwithconstantnegativityistodevelopasenseofgratitude（感恩）.Justlike

complainingactsasapoison,gratitudeactsasamedicine.Researchshowsitlowerscortisol

levelsby23percent,aswellasreducesbloodpressureandbloodsugar.ltalsodecreases

tirednessanddepression.Gratitudeistheperfectcureforcomplainingsbehaviorthatstealsour

brainpower,happinessandphysicalwell-being.

Whathaveyouobservedabouttheeffectsofcomplaininginyourownlifeorinthelivesof

others?Haveyounoticedthatwhenyouaregrateful,youfeelbetterallover?Pleaseshare

yourthoughtsinthecommentssectionbelow.

8.WhatdoPara2-3mainlytalkabout?

A.Thediseasescausedbycomplaining.

B.Thedecreaseofavitalpartofourbrain.

C.Thebadeffectsofcomplainingonbrainpower.

D.Thereasonwhycertainthoughtpatternsbecomehabits.

9.Whatcanweknowaboutcortisolfromthepassage?

A.GratitudeisaneffectivecureforCortisol.

B.Ourbodyproducecortisolwhenwefeelexited.

C.Cortisolisachemicalthatcancausebraindamage.

D.Havingahighlevelofcortisolcanleadtomanyhealthproblems.

10.Whatattitudedoesthewritertaketostubborncomplainers?

A.Grateful.B.Tolerant.C.Disapproving.D.Skeptical.

11.Wherecanthepassagemostprobablyappear?

A.Inanewspaper.B.Inamedicalreport.

C.Onawebsite.D.Inaradioprogram.

D

Acheapprintedsensorcouldtransmitwildfirewarnings.Wildfireshaverecentlydestroyed

regionsacrosstheworld,andtheirgravityisincreasing.Hopingtoreduceharm,researchersled

第4页，共22页

byYapeiWang,aChinesechemistofRenminUniversity,saytheyhavedevelopedan

inexpensivesensortodetectsuchfiresearlierwithlesseffort.

Currentdetectionmethodsrelyheavilyonhumanwatchfulness,whichcandelayaneffective

response.Mostwildfiresarereportedbythegeneralpublic,andotheralertscomefromroutine

footpatrolsandwatchtowerobservers.Passingplanesandsatellitesalsooccasionallyspot

something,but"thefirefirstappearsontheground,"Wangsays."Whenyouseethefirefrom

thesky,itistoolate.”

Theteamsaysitsnewsensorcanbeplacedneartreetrunks1basesandsendawirelesssignalto

anearbyreceiverifthereisadramatictemperatureincrease.Thatheatalsopowersthesensor

itself,withoutreplacingbatteries.Theteamprintedthesubstancesontoordinarypapertocreate

asensorforjust$0.40.

Butimprovingcoordinationamongthedifferentagenciesinvolvedinfirefightingisevenmore

crucialtoaddress,saysGrahamKent,anearthquakeexpertattheUniversityof

Nevada,Reno,whowasnotpartofthestudy.KentisdirectorofALERTWildfire,anetworkthat

usescamerasandcrowdsourcingtowatchforfiresinCalifornia,NevadaandOregon.uThe

wholewaythatyourespondtoafireuntilit*sputoutislikeaballet,"hesays."You'dhaveto

choreograph（设计）itjustso,withresourcespreciselyallocatedattherighttimeandplacefrom

detectiontoconfirmationtoassignmenttoextinguishment（熄灭）.Firedetectionisjuststep

one."

Wangsayshisteam'snextstepsaretoextendthedevice'ssignalrangebeyondthecurrent100

meters,whichcanlimitpracticaluse,andtodevelopaprotectiveshieldforit.TheTransmitter's

effectiveness,henotes,willalsoneedtobetestedinthefieldahead.

12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"gravityuinparagraph1probablymean?

A.Pull.B.Extinction.C.Popularity.D.Seriousness.

13.Whatdoweknowaboutthesensor?

A.Itspriceremainshigh.

B.Itsbatteriesarereplaceable.

C.Itcandetectfiresearlierandeasier.

D.Itcanreducefirefighters'pain.

14.WhatdoesKentmeaninparagraph4?

A.Firefightingiseasybutcrucial.

B.Technologyisthekeytoextinguishingafire.

C.Puttingoutafireisacooperativeandorderlyactivity.

D.Theresourcesoffiredetectionarepreciselyallocated.

15.What'stheplanforthenewsensoraccordingtoWang?

A.Improvingandtestingit.

B.Limitingitsuseandtransmission.

C.Examingandreducingitssignalrange.

D.Gettingitonthemarketaheadoftime.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共15.0分)

InEnglish,wehaveasayingthatgoes,"Useitorloseit."Itmeansthatifyoudonotcontinueto

useaskill,youmightlosetheabilitytodoso.

Wecansaythisaboutlanguagelearning,includinglearningnewwords.⑴

OurreaderBaninhasaquestionloday.Hereisthequestion：howcanIimprovemyvocabulary?

Itisagreatquestion!TheanswerwillhelpmanyEnglishlearners.Herearefourthingsyoucan

do.

Read,read,read

Readalot!Lookfornewstories,websites,magazinesandbooksonsubjectsthatyou

enjoy.Whilereading,trytoguessthemeaningsofnewwordsfromtheircontext.(2)Ifthereare

televisionshowsorfilmsthatyouloveinEnglish,watchthemwithEnglishsubtitlestolearn

newwordsandhearhowwesaythem.

Writeaboutit

But,don'tjustread.WritelAgreatwaytopracticewhatyoureadistowriteaboutit.(3)Another

thingyoucanwriteaboutiswhatyoudidtoday.Ifyouspenttimewithafriendorfamily

member,wenttoanevent,hadadeliciousmealordidsomethingelse,writeaboutit!

Learnwordforms

(4)Whenyoulearnanewword,learnitsotherforms.Forexample,theword"sleepy"isan

adjective.Butithasnoun,verbandadverbforms.Youcanmakeawordformchartinanote

bookorwirelessdeviceandwriteasentenceexampleforeachform.

(5L

Anotherpowerfulmemorytooliswordassociation(联系)：useyourimaginationtocreate

mentalimageslinkedtonewwords.Forexample,whenIsay"tasty",whatfoodimagedoyou

seeinyourmind?Keepthatfoodimageinyourmindandalwaysmentallyconnectittothe

word"tastyH.Then,thenexttimeyoutrytorememberthewordHtasty'1,thementalimagewill

第6页，共22页

appear.

A.Usewordfamilies

B.Usewordassociation

C.Here'sanothergreattechnique.

D.Ifyoudonotusethenewwordsoften,youmightforgetthem.

E.Then,youcancheckthemeaningsinapaperdictionaryoronline.

F.Forexample,ifyoureadawebstoryaboutthebestfitnessappsof2019,writeaboutit.

G.Writingcanbeagreatwayofproperlylearningthekindofvocabularyyouneedtodescribe

yourownlifeandinterests.

16.A.AB.Bc.cD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共40.0分)

Itwasahot,dampsummerday.AfterI(21)mytankinthelocalgasstation,!startedtowalk

insidetopay.JustthenInoticedtwoelderly(22)standingbackfromtheircar.Therewasa

mixtureofshockand(23)ontheirfaces.Ifollowedtheir(24)andsawwhattheysaw：five

yellowjacketswerebuildinga(25)aroundtheirgascap.Myeyes(26).Isharedtheladies*

fear.Yellowjacketshadneverbeen(27)tome.WhenIwasayoungboyafriendofmineandI

were(28)andplayinginmybackyard.Imusthave(29)ononeoftheirhiddennestswhile

running.(30)bothofuswerebeingchasedandstungoverandoverbytheyellowjackets.We

ranaway(31)withgreatfear.Mymom(32)ranacoldbathandputusbothinittoeasethepain

anditching(瘙痒)(33)givingusmedicinetofightallthepoisoninourlittlebodiesfrom

the.stings.IknewIcouldn'tletfearstopmenow.I(34)mybackpocketforapapertowelIhad

thereforeoutthenestandsteppedonitwhilethe(35)wasps(黄蜂)buzzedaroundme.(36)of

theladiesthankedmeexcitedly.Ismiled,andnervousnessandfearwerereplacedwith(37).In

thislife,youcan*tletthefearofbeingstungeitherphysicallyor(38)keepyoufromdoingwhat

isright.Weneedtogo(39)ourselvesandloveeachother.Don^lettheyellowjacketsinyour

life(40)youback.

21.A.filledB.movedC.chargedD.emptied

22.A.menB.womenC.driversD.jackets

23.A.angerB.painC.sadnessD.fear

24.A.noseB.earsC.eyesD.mouth

25.A.roomB.nestC.houseD.hall

26.A.widenedB.closedC.openedD.lowed

27.A.lovelyB.likelyC.friendlyD.carefully

28.A.jumpingB.climbingC.walkingD.running

29.A.removedB.steppedC.pacedD.searched

30.A.AsaresultB.Afterall

C.AboveallD.Atthesametime

31.A.discussingB.exploringC.screamingD.laughing

32.A.nervouslyB.suddenlyC.casuallyD.immediately

33.A.afterB.whileC.beforeD.until

34.A.reachedintoB.aiTivedinC.gottoD.pulledout

35.A.happyB.angryC.sadD.worried

36.A.NeitherB.BothC.AllD.None

37.A.painB.surpriseC.doubtD.joy

38.A.heartedlyB.intelligentlyC.emotionallyD.punctually

39.A.throughB.backC.aheadD.beyond

40.A.holdB.setC.hangD.give

四、语法填空（本大题共1小题，共15.0分）

41.Amaleelephantthatbrokeawayfromthewanderingelephantpack(1)(send)backto

itsforesthomeonWednesdayinXishuangbannaDaiAutonomousPrefecture,southwest

China'sYunnanProvince,localauthoritiessaid.

YuxiCityheadquartersinchargeofmonitoringthepack'smigration(迁徙)tookthe(2)

(decide)earlyWednesdaymorning(3)(prevent)theloneanimalfromentering

heavilypopulatedareas.At3p.m.,theelephantwascaughtandreturnedtothenature

第8页，共22页

reserve.Theanimalappeared(4)(health)anddidnotsufferfromanyinjuries.

Thepackof15wanderingwildAsianelephantstravelledabout500kilometersnorthfrom

theirforesthome.ThemaleelephantseparatedfromthepackonJune6,andmovedaround

inthe(5)(city)ofKunming,AnningandYuxi,withanactiveareaof140square

kilometersandawalkingdistanceof190kilometers.lthadreliedmainlyon(6)was

providedbythelocals.The(7)(remain)14elephantshavebeenmovingsouthward

recentlybutarestillfarfromthereserve.

Asianelephantsare(8)A-levelstateprotectioninChina,wheretheyare(9)(most)found

inYunnan.Thankstodeterminedprotectioneffortsinrecentdecades,thewildelephant

populationin(10)provincehasgrowntoabout300,from193inthe1980s.

五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删

除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(人)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。

修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

WhenIwasalittlekid,Idreamedofkeepingonadog.Myparentsdisagreed,saythatIwas

tooyoungtotakecareformyself,letaloneadog.Ididn'tgiveup.Instead,!triedtobe

independenceandhelpedwithhousework.Afewmonthlater,myparentsfoundthatIhad

becomeconsideratethanbefore.Theyfinallyapproveofmyrequest.Onmyeight

birthday,theyboughtmealovelydogasthegift.Followingmyparents'directions.I've

learnedhowtoraisethedog.Istillmissthosedaysthatweaccompaniedeachother.

六、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)

43.假如你是李华，你的朋友Mike一周前给你发电子邮件说他自进入高三以来一直觉

得压力很大，请你根据以下要点给他回封邮件，帮助他振作起来：

1.安慰并分析他不开心的原因；

2.给他一些建议；

3.送上祝福。

注意：1.词数100左右；

2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

提示词：pressure压力relievestress缓解压力

第10页，共22页

答案和解析

1.【答案】

【小题1】D【小题2】C【小题3】D

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据第三段第一句WhentravellingbytrainintheUK,you

canbenefitfromreducedfaresbychoosingthetimeperiodsofdaythatarelessbusy.（当你

在英国乘火车旅行时，你可以选择一天中不那么繁忙的时段来享受优惠票价。）可知，

在英国乘火车旅行时，游客可以选择一天中不那么繁忙的时间来享受优惠票价，这意味

着旅行时间段是相对空闲的。故选D。

（2）C.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句Ourcleverlittlepricepredictiontoolwillpredictthe

futureandletyouknowwhenticketpricesareabouttogoup,meaningyou'I1nevermissout

onthebestvaluefares.（我们聪明的小价格预测工具可以预测未来，让你知道什么时候

机票价格会上涨，这意味着你永远不会错过最实惠的票价。）可知，priceprediction是

一款价格预测工具，它可以预测未来票价走势，让游客知道票价什么时候会上涨。故选

Co

（3）D.目的意图题。根据第一段第一IfyoureaftercheapUKtraintickets,checkthe

suggestionsbelowandseehowyoucouldbagyourselfabargain.（如果你想买便宜的英国

火车票，看看下面的建议，看看怎样才能买到便宜货。）可推断，作者的写作目的是让

乘客买火车票少花钱。故选D。

这是一篇应用文。文章介绍了在英国如何买到便宜的火车票。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

4.【答案】

【小题1】A【小题2】B【小题3】A【小题4】B

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据原文第一段最后一句

Theylackguidanceandreadingcultureisalmostzero/'Meenasaid.Whenherschoolandthe

centresheranhadtocloseduetoinfectiousdiseases,sheplannedtodosomethingtoaddresst

heproblem.（“他们缺乏指导，阅读文化几乎为零。"Meena说，当她的学校和所经营的

中心由于传染病而不得不关闭时，她计划采取措施解决这一问题。）可知，Meena要解

决孩子们缺乏阅读的问题，因此她的读书计划就是帮助成年人学习连贯性的表达。故选

Ao

（2）B.细节理解题。根据原文第二段最后一句"1havetopleasetheminorswithsweetstosit

andread,butthatisokay,"shelaughed.（"我必须用糖果取悦未成年人，让他们坐着看书，

但这没关系。"她笑着说道。）可知，Meena得奖励孩子们一些糖果，让他们坐下来阅

读。故选B。

（3）A.推理判断题。根据第三段Meena'sbookshelfbecameahitamongyoungsterswho

spenthoursinthereadingcomer.（Meena's的图书馆在阅读角的年轻人中很受欢迎）以及

第四段generouscontributionsofbookscomeinfromthepublicandsheisevenreceiving

requeststosetupsuchlibrariesinotherpartsofthestate,includingoneinthecapital,Itanagar.

（公众慷慨捐赠了书籍，她甚至收到了在该州其他地区（包括首都Itana-gar的一个图书

馆）建立此类图书馆的要求。）可知，故她的图书馆是有影响力和有意义的。故选A。

（4）B.标题判断题。根据原文第二段中的InspiredbyasimilarproposalinMizoram,Meena

setupabookshelfwitharound80booksaswellassomebenchesonthesideoftheroadin

NiijulionAugust30th,2020,wherepassers-bycouldspendtimereading.（受至!]Mizoram类

似提议的启发，Meena于2020年8月30日在Nirjuli的路边建立了一个约80本书以及

一些长椅的书架，路人可以在这里花时间阅读。）可知，本文主要讲一位女教师开设路

边的读书角的故事。所以短文的最佳标题为B.TheRoadsideReadingCorner"路边阅读角

"»故选B。

本文主要讲一位女教师开设路边的读书角的故事。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

8.【答案】

【小题1】C【小题2】D【小题3】C【小题4】C

第12页，共22页

（解析］（1）C.段落大意题。根据原文第三段Yettheharmfuleffectsdon*tstopthere.Astudy

showsthatcomplainingcausesthehippocampuswhichplaysavitalroleinproblem-solving,to

becomesmaller.（然而，有害影响还不止于此。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题

时起重要作用的海马区变小。）以及第二段主要解释了抱怨如何对大脑产生消极影响的。

故可知第2-3段主要谈论抱怨对脑力的不良影响。故选C。

（2）D.细节理解题。根据原文第四段最后一句Constantlyhavingahighlevelofcortisol

resultsinhighbloodpressure,highbloodsugar,andlowerimmunity.（持续高水平的皮质醇

会导致高血压、高血糖和免疫力下降。）可知皮质醇水平过高会导致许多健康问题。故

选D。

（3）C.观点态度题。根据原文倒数第三段最后一句Forthisreason,weshouldbecautious

abouthavingstubborncomplainersinourcircleofcompanions.（基于这个原因，我们应该

小心在我们的朋友圈里有固执的抱怨者。）可知作者对于固执抱怨者的态度是不赞成、

反对的。故选C。

（4）C.文章出处题。根据文章最后一句Pleaseshareyourthoughtsinthecommentssection

below.（请在下面的评论区分享你的想法。）可知文章最有可能是出现在一张网页上。

故选C。

这是一篇说明文。一项研究表明，抱怨会导致在解决问题时起重要作用的海马区变小。

除了造成大脑损伤，抱怨还会释放一种压力荷尔蒙：皮质醉，持续高水平的皮质醉会导

致高血压、高血糖和免疫力下降。处理持续负面情绪的最好方法是培养一种感恩的意识。

做这类阅读理解，要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相

关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

12.【答案】

【小题1】D【小题2】C【小题3】C【小题4】A

【解析】（1）D.词义猜测题。根据画线部分上文Wildfireshaverecentlydestroyedregions

acrosstheworld（最近，世界各地的一些地区都遭到了森林大火的破坏），and的后面

表示并列或者递进，所以可推断火势越来越严重，故gravity意为“严重性:结合选项

A.Pull拉力;B.Extinction灭绝;C.Popularity流行;D.Seriousness严重性。故选D。

（2）C.推理判断题。根据第二段第一句Currentdetectionmethodsrelyheavilyonhuman

watchfulness,whichcandelayaneffectiveresponse."（目前的检测方法严重依赖于人类的

警惕，这可能会延迟有效的反应。）和第三段第一句Theteamsaysitsnewsensorcanbe

placedneartreetrunks'basesandsendawirelesssignaltoanearbyreceiverifthereisa

dramatictemperatureincrease.（研究小组表示，他们的新传感器可以放置在树干根部附

近，如果温度急剧上升，就会向附近的接收器发送无线信号。）可知，目前的检测方法

很大程度上依赖人的观察力，这会延迟有效的反应。这种新型传感器可以向附近的接收

器发送无线信号，可以更快、更早地检测出火灾。故选C。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第四段中的"Thewholewaythatyourespondtoafireuntilit'sput

outislikeaballet,"hesays."You'dhavetochoreograph（设计）itjustso,withresources

preciselyallocatedattherighttimeandplacefromdetectiontoconfirmationtoassignmentto

extinguishment（熄灭）.Firedetectionisjuststepone."（他说："在火被扑灭之前，你对

火的反应就像一场芭蕾舞。你必须精心设计，在正确的时间和地点精确分配资源，从探

测到确认到分配到消灭。火警探测只是第一步。"）Kent说的话可知，改善消防机构之

间的协调更为关键，你对火的反应，直到它被扑灭，就像一场芭蕾舞。你必须策划和设

计，在正确的时间和地点分配资源，从探测到确认再到调度再到火熄灭。故可推知，灭

火是一项合作而有秩序的活动。故选C。

（4）A.细节理解题。根据最后一段中的Wangsayshisteam'snextstepsaretoextendthe

device'ssignalrangebeyondthecurrent100meters,whichcanlimitpracticaluse,andto

developaprotectiveshieldforit.TheTransmitter'seffectiveness,henotes,willalsoneedtobe

testedinthefieldahead.（王说，他的团队的下一步是将该设备的信号范围扩大到目前的

100米以外，这可能会限制实际使用，并为其开发一种保护屏蔽。他指出，发射机的有

效性也需要在未来的战场上进行测试。）由此可知，他的团队会对新型传感器进行改进

和测试，故选A。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种可以传送野火警报的新型传感器。

阅读理解题测试考生在阅读基础上的逻辑推理能力，要求考生根据文章所述事件的逻辑

关系，对未说明的趋势或结局作出合理的推断；或根据作者所阐述的观点理论，对文章

未涉及的现象、事例给以解释。考生首先要仔细阅读短文，完整了解信息，准确把握作

者观点。

16.【答案】

【小题1】D【小题2】E【小题3】F【小题4】C【小题5】B

第14页，共22页

【解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据上文"Wecansaythisaboutlanguagelearning,including

learningnewwords（我们可以这样说语言学习，包括学习新单词）"可知，这也适用语

言学习，包括学习新单词。D选项Ifyoudonotusethenewwordsoften,youmightforget

them.（如果你不经常使用这些新单词，你可能会忘记它们）"是对上文"InEnglish,wehave

asayingthatgoes,"Useitorloseit."（在英语中，我们有句谚语说："用它或失去它。

”在学习新单词中两种情况的具体解释，符合题意。故选D。

（2）E.细节理解题。根据上文"Whilereading,trytoguessthemeaningsofnewwordsfrom

theircontext（阅读时，试着从上下文中猜测生词的含义）”可知，既然是猜测的含义，

就存在着错或者对。E选项”Then,youcancheckthemeaningsinapaperdictionaryoronline.

（然后，你可以在纸质字典或在线上核对它的意思）”解释了通过某种手段来核对含义

是错还是对，符合题意。故选E。

（3）F.举例说明题。根据下文"Anotherthingyoucanwriteaboutiswhatyoudidtoday。If

youspenttimewithafriendorfamilymember,wenttoanevent,hadadeliciousmealordid

somethingelse,writeaboutit（你可以写的另一件事是你今天所做的。"如果你和朋友或家

人一起度过一段时间，去参加一个活动，吃一顿美味的饭，或者做点别的事情，就写下

来。）“可知，Fi^J^"Forexample,ifyoureadawebstoryaboutthebestfitnessappsof2019,

writeaboutit（例如，如果你读了一篇关于2018年最佳健身应用程序的网络故事，你就

可以写下来）”是写其个事情的具体内容，符合题意。故选F。

（4）C.细节理解题。根据本段小标题"Learnwordforms（学习词性变化）"及下文"When

youlearnanewword,learnitsotherforms（当你学习一个新词时，学习它的基它形式。）

"可知，C选项"Here'sanothergreattechnique.（这有其它的好的技巧）”是为了介绍一种

学习形式，C选项在此承上启下，符合题意。故选C。

（5）B.标题归纳题。根据下文"Anotherpowerfulmemorytooliswordassociation.themental

imagewillappear（另一个强大的记忆工具是单词联想。脑海中的图像就会出现）"可知，

整个段落都在讲如何进行单词的联想。B选项"Usewordassociation.（使用单词的联想）

"对下文进行了概况总结，突出了中心，符合题意。故选B。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要就如何提高词汇量提出了几点有效的方法。

选句填空类阅读理解题材广泛，故学生要拓展知识面，关心时事，学习之余，增加阅读

面。做此类题型，要通读全文，了解常见写作顺序，重点理解空白处前后的句子，关注

段落中各句子之间的逻辑关系，如：并列、转折、因果关系及其它关系。把握意思的连

贯性、逻辑性，锁定线索词，认真阅读选项，排除迷惑项，确定选项后，再快速泛读全

文，确保文章上下衔接流畅，选项有据可依。

21.【答案】

【小题1]A【小题2】B【小题3】D【小题4】C【小题5】B

【小题6】A【小题