2021-2022学年山东省济南市实验中学高三（上）第一次月考英语试卷（附答案详解）

2021-2022学年山东省济南市实验中学高三（上）第一次月考英

语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共30.0分）

A

AQUILAChildren'sMagazineisthemostintelligentreadforcuriouskids.Fullofenthusiasticarticles

andchallengingpuzzles,everyissuecoversscience,historyandgeneralknowledge.AQUILAisaquality

production,beautifullyillustratedwithcontemporaryartworkthroughout.

•Intelligentreadingfor8-12-year-olds

•Coolscienceandchallengingprojects

•Inspiresself^motivatedlearning

•Excitingnewtopicseveryissue

AQUILAiscreatedandownedbyanindependentUKcompany.Ithas28pages,printedon

high-qualitypaperandtherearenoadvertisementsorposters.Insteaditisfullofwell-writtenarticles,

thought-provoking（令人深思的）ideasandgreatcontemporaryartwork.Eachmonthlyissueiscentred

aroundanewtopic.

AQUILAworksasasuperblearningextensiontocurrentprimary（orKS2andKS3）curriculum（课

程）,butitismuchmorethanthat!Entertainingandalwayssurprising,AQUILAisrecommendedbecause

itwidenschildren'sinterestandunderstanding,ratherthanencouragingthemtoconcentrateonlyontheir

favouritesubjects.Itgiveschildrenawell-roundedunderstandingoftheworld,inallitscomplexity.

TheconceptsinAQUILAcanbechallenging,requiringgoodcomprehensionandreadingskills.Eight

yearsisusuallyagoodagetostart.Somegentleinterestfromanadultisoftenhelpfulatthestart.

In2021AQUILAwillhavebeeninpublicationfor29years,butithasneverappearedinnewsstands

orshops.Wearesubscriptiononly.

AQUILASubscription

UK:12Months£55—4Months£30

Europe:12Months£60-4Months£35

World:12Months£70—4Months£35

Birthdays

SelecttheBirthdayoption,writeagiftmessageandchoosethebirthdaymonth.Wewilldispatchto

arriveatthestartofthemonthyouhaveentered.ThepackagepostsinablueenvelopemarkedMOpenon

yourbirthday".

1.WhatisspecialaboutAQUILA?

A.Itisavailableinshops.B.Itisforkidsofallages.

C.Itprintsreaders*artwork.D.Ithasnoadvertisements.

2.WhatdoesAQUILAofferitsreaders?

A.Articlesonmodernart.

B.Familyreadingmaterials.

C.Knowledgebeyondschoolsubjects.

D.Ideasonimprovingreadingskills.

3.WhoarethetargetreadersofAQUILA?

A.Foreignlanguagelearners.

B.Childrenwithlearningdifficulties.

C.Parent-childreadinglovers.

D.Curiouskidswithgoodcomprehension.

B

Zakiwassmallforhistwelveyears,andhewasangrybeingtreatedasachild.Farid,hisolderbrother,

hadbeenlookeduponasamanlongbeforehewasZaki'sage.EverydayFaridandtheotheryoung

Bahrainimenwentoutintheirwoodenboatstodiveforoysters（牡蛎）.ManytimesZakibeggedtogo

along,butFaridalwaysrefusedtolethim.

SoeverydayZakiwouldgototheshallowwatertopractice.Hisgrandfather,aformerdiver,would

watchhimandadvisehim.Allmorning,Zakiwouldpracticedivingbeneaththewaves.Everyafternoon,

againandagainhewouldgounderwaterandholdhisbreath.Witheachday'spractice,hisdivingimproved

andhecouldholdhisbreathalittlewhilelonger.SoonZakifeltasmuchathomeinthewaterashedidout

ofit.

Zakiroseearlyoneday.Hewantedtocompetewithhisbrother.Theydivedbeneaththewaves.Zaki

openedhiseyesandfoundhimselflookingintohisbrother'sface.Faridwassmilingwithconfidence.

Slowly,thesmilewasdisappearingfromFarid'sface.Asmoresecondspassed,aworriedlookappearedon

Farid'sface.FaridwasrealizingthatZakicouldpossiblybeathim.LookingintoFarid'seyes,Zaki

suddenlyunderstoodwhatlosingcouldmeantohisbrother.Neverwouldthevillagersallowhimtoliveit

down.Hewouldbelaughedatbylosingtoalittlechild.Almostwithoutthinking,Zakikickedhisfeetand

rosetothesurfaceofthewaterasecondbeforeFarid*sheadappearedbesidehim.

ThemenaroundthemcheeredandpattedFaridontheback.Farid,however,puthisarmaroundZaki*s

shoulders."Today,"Faridannounced,"weshallhaveanewdiveramongus."Thenquietly,forZaki'sears

alone,hesaid"Thankyou,mybrother.*'AndZakiknewthattheybothhadlearnedthatittakesmorethan

strengthtomakeaman.

4.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Zaki'sgrandfatherwasagooddiver.

B.Zakilikedstayingathomeeveryday.

C.Zakipractisedhardinthewaterdaily.

D.Zaki'sgrandfatherencouragedhimtodive.

5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesZakiaccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Considerate.B.Ambitious.C.Confident.D.Adventurous.

6.Whatcanweinferfromthelastsentenceofthetext?

A.Faridbeathislittlebrothereasily.

B.Zakiwasasstrongashisbrother.

C.Zakiregrettedlosingthecompetition.

D.BothFaridandZakihadgrownup.

7.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Farid'sPrideB.Zaki'sChallenge

C.Brothers*CompetitionD.Grandfather'sAdvice

c

Whenananimalspeciesisconsideredendangered,itmeansthattheInternationalUnionfor

ConservationofNature(IUCN)hasevaluateditasnearlyextinct,whichmeansthatamajorityofits

populationhasalreadydiedoffandtherateofbirthislowerthanthespecies'deathrate.Today,moreand

moreanimalandplantspeciesareonthewaytoextinctionbecauseofavarietyofmajorfactorsthatcause

aspeciestobecomeendangered,andasyoumightexpect,humansplayaroleinquiteafewofthem一in

fact,thebiggestthreattoendangeredanimalsishumanencroachment（侵入）ontheirhabitats.

Everyspeciesneedsahabitat,whereananimalfindsfood,raisesitsyoung.Unfortunately,humans

destroyanimalhabitatsinanumberofdifferentways:buildinghouses,clearingforeststogellumberand

toplantcrops,drainingriverstobringwatertothosecrops,andmakingstreetsandparkinglots.

Inaddition,humandevelopmentpollutestheenvironmentwithallkindsofchemicals,whichdestroys

foodsourcesandsheltersforthecreaturesandplantsofthatarea.Asaresult,somespeciesdieoutwhile

othersarepushedintoareaswheretheycan'tfindfoodandshelters——tomakemattersworse,whenone

animalpopulationsuffers,itaffectsmanyotherspeciesinitsfoodweb,somorethanonespecies*

populationislikelytodecrease.

Habitatdestructionisthenumberonereasonfbranimalendangerment,whichiswhyconservation

groupsworkhardtorepairtheeffectsofhumandevelopments一manynon-profitgroupsliketheNature

Conservancyaretakingmeasurestocleanupcoastlinesandestablishnaturepreservestopreventfurther

harmtonativeenvironmentsandspeciesaroundtheworld.

8.Aspeciesisconsideredendangered.

A.whentheIUCNhasnoticeditspopulationchange

B.whenmostofitspopulationhasdiedoff

C.whenthespecies1birthrateisclosetoitsdeathrate

D.whenthespeciesislosingitshabitat

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"lumber“probablymean?

A.Gas.B.Food.C.Chemicals.D.Wood.

10.Whatisbeingdonetoprotecttheendangeredspecies?

A.Callingforhumandevelopment.B.Raisingmoney.

C.Establishingnaturepreserves.D.Educatingpeople.

11.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Habitatdestructioncausesanimalendangerment.

B.Animalsdieoutduetoenvironmentpollution.

C.Measuresneedtobetakentoincreasespecies.

D.Non-profitgroupsaremakinggreatcontributions.

D

Therewillbemoreplasticthanfishintheworld'soceansby2050.Thatiswhatanewreportfromthe

WorldEconomicForumandEllenMacArthurFoundationwarns.Ifthecurrenttrendcontinues,thereport

said,oceanswillcontainonetonofplasticforeverythreetonsoffishin2025.By2050,plasticswillweigh

morethanfish.Theproblemisthateachyearatleast8milliontonsofplasticsendupinoceansaroundthe

world.Thisisthesameasdumpingthecontentsofonegarbagetruckintotheoceaneveryminute.

Notallplasticendsupintheoceanbecausesomeonethrowsaplasticbottleintothewater.Plastic

containersandothertrashthrownontostreetsandsidewalksoftenaresweptintooceans.Unlikeother

typesoftrashintheocean,theplasticneverbio-degrades.Thereisawaytoslowtheamountofplastics

goingintotheoceans-peoplecanrecyclemore.Currentlyonlyabout14percentofplasticsarerecycled.

ResearchinEuropeshowsasmuchas53percentofplasticcouldberecycledusingavailabletechnology.

Thereportsaysthatanothersolutionisusinglessplasticforpackagingproducts.Butthatisnotlikelyto

happen.

"Givenplasticpackaging'smanybenefits,boththepossibilityanddesirabilityofanacross-the-board

dramaticreductioninthevolumeofplasticpackagingusedisclearlylow,“thereportsaid.Buttheauthors

notereducingtheuseofplasticsshouldbetriedHwherepossible."Fordecades,scientistswarnedthat

plasticsarekillingfish.Researchshowsthatfisharedyingfromchokingaftereatingplastics.Another

causeofdeathisthatplasticscause"intestinalblockageandstarvation,"theenvironmentalgroupsaid.

12.WhyisthegarbagetruckmentionedinParagraph1?

A.Toexplainhowplasticsendupintheocean.

B.Towarnpeopleagainsttheoceanpollution.

C.Toclarifytheseriousnessoftheproblem.

D.Topointoutsomedetailsofthereport.

13.Whyisplasticmoredangerousthanothertypesoftrash?

A.Thereistoomuchofit.B.Itpoisonstheoceanwater.

C.Itisfromdifferentsources.D.Itishardtobreakdown.

14.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetothesuggestedsolutions?

A.Pessimistic.B.Curious.C.Unconcerned.D.Terrified.

15.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?

A.Peoplearenotawareoftheproblem.

B.Recyclingislimitedbylackoftechnology.

C.Plasticpackaginghasbecomepartofourlife.

D.Fishintheoceanwillbereplacedbyplastics.

二、阅读七选五（本大题共5小题，共10.0分）

Itisagreatexperienceforchildrentoseewhafsgoingonoutsideofwhattheyseeon

television.⑴Thenon-profitInaPerfectWorldworkstoputthefuturedirectlyinchildren'shandswith

youthinvolvement.Itisworkingtodevelopidealismintoactionforkidsofallages.

⑵Theyparticipatein"EverydayKindness"activitiesthatencouragethemtobegintounderstand

othersmightnothavewhattheyhave,andtoengageinserviceactivities.Thesearegenerallyfamily

activitiessuchaswritingdeliveryworkersthank-younotes,painting"loverocks"andrecycling

packages.⑶

Theseearlyactsofserviceprepareparticipantstobecome"YouthAmbassadors",aged13-18.Aspartof

thistwo-yearcurriculum,ambassadorshaveweeklymeetingswiththeirprogrammanager.⑷Recent

youth-ledprojectshaveincludedcreatingcarepackagesfornursesandcaregivers,offeringgrocery

deliverytoisolatedcommunitymembersandadoptinganursinghome.Activitiesarecreatedbasedonthe

ambassadors'interests,andthisprogramisalsonowofferedvirtually.

Theorganization'sbackpackdriveisanotherprojectinspiredbykidsthemselves.⑸Thisisalsoa

drivetobuildalong-termvisionfromtheveryyoungestages.Changescanbenoticedinthekidsthrough

theseactivities.

InaPerfectWorld,thesechangeswilllastalifetime.They'renotjusttakingpartinonefundraiser,and

theyYenotjustdoingoneserviceactivity,they'rereallygettingtrainingonhowtobeachangemaker.

A.Theyareevenatalosswhattodo.

B.Theyparticipateinserviceactivitiesregularly.

C.ThiseffortbeginswithnDreamcatchers"ages5-12.

D.Parentsmayconsideriftheirchildrencancreatetheirfuture.

E.Newactivitiesareaddedregularlytoaddresscurrentcircumstances.

F.However,thekidsmayaswellstarttotakepartasearlyastheycan.

G.Theidea,actually,goesbeyondaddressinganyoneofimmediateneeds.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.E

F.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共15小题，共22.5分)

Insearchofalittlequiet,IhavespentsometimewanderingthroughtheAustraliantown,Walhalla.IfI

hadarrivedabout150yearsearlier,Iwouldhavefounda(an)(21)goldfieldtown.MAround1890,the

mainminewasthe(22)goldproducerinVictoria,"explainstheWalhallaStarHotel'sowner,Michael

Leaney.Aswewalkalongthemainroad,greenhighhillsriseoneitherside.Wefeel(23).

Whenthegoldranout,mostpeople(24),andtodayonlyabouttwenty(25)residentsareleftin

Walhalla.Astheresidentsleft,manybuildingswere(26).Whenthe70scame,thetownbegantobe

transformedintoatourist(27)andsomehistoricbuildingshavebeenrebuilt.

ThatnightwehavegreatdinneratWalhalla'spub.Wewalkbackinthedark.Therearenostreetlights

inthetownsothestars(28)brightlyagainstthenightsky.WalhallawasthelasttowninAustraliatoget

electricity.Leaneysays(29)moredevelopmentistocome:theIntemetandmobile(30)willimprove.

Afteraquickbreakfastatthehotelthenextmorning,Iwalkdownwhatwasonceahighstreetlined

with⑶)totheedgeofthelittletown.Holidayhomesandhistoricsignsare(32)inthetown.The

walktakesmeontothetram(矿车)line.Alongsidethemountain,it'sthe(33)wherewoodfromthe

valleywasoncetransporteduptothemine.Thesedaysifsidealforviewsintothevalleybelow.The

mountain'streeswere(34)andnowtheyaregreenagain.

Leaneyhasinvitedmetorideanold-fashionedtrainthatrunsontherebuilttrainlinefromWalhallato

anearbytown.Theviewsare(35).Backintown,IleaveLeaneyformynextstop.

21.A.emptyB.far-offC.peacefulD.busy

22.A.biggestB.smallestC.oldestD.poorest

23.A.lonelyB.relaxedC.nervousD.regretful

24.A.movedawayB.hungaroundC.floodedinD.cheeredup

25.A.temporaryB.happyC.royalD.permanent

26.A.soldoutB.takenoverC.desertedD.shared

27.A.foundationB.opponentC.destinationD.possession

28.A.bounceB.shineC.emergeD.strike

29.A.thankfullyB.suddenlyC.unluckilyD.anxiously

30.A.benefitB.coverageC.comparisonD.competition

31.A.factoriesB.hospitalsC.museumsD.shops

32.A.spreadB.decoratedC.distributedD.placed

33.A.trackB.siteC.streetD.town

34.A.plantedB.destroyedC.burnedD.buried

35.A.boringB.plainC.heartbreakingD.breathtaking

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

36.Tosomepeople,stayinginahotelisthewholepointoftravelling.Butwhatifyouarelooking

forsomethingmoreadventurous?Anewtypeof(1)(accommodate)maycatchyourattention.

Thatisspendinganightinacave.TheEnchantedCave,⑵islocatedintheBlueMountainsin

Australia,isanattractivedestination.⑶(design)toexcitethesenses,theCavehangsoversome

ofthemostbeautiful⑷(nature)sights.Atable,cupboardandsinkcarvedoutofstone⑸(lay)

inside.Modernfacilitiesinthecaveincludeaminikitchen,⑹mostcomfortablebedintheworld,

afireplaceandahotbath.OutdoorloverscantakefulladvantageoftheCavebyhikingthroughthe

pathsand⑺(put)theirtoesinthenearbyriver.TheEnchantedCaveinthewestofSydney

is⑻(true)aonce-in-a-lifetimeexperience.Itisaperfectwayforcouples⑼(enjoy)a

romanticnightunderthetwinklingstars.Youcanenjoyallofthisfbrthereasonablepriceof$500per

personeachnight.Keepacloseeye(10)theschedulesinceyoucangeta20%discountduringthe

summeroftheyear.

(I)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、任务型读写(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)

37.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。

Algebra(代数)wasmylastclassoftheday.Aftertheclass,Mrs.Sharpnackaskedmetostayto

discussmymidtermmathexam,whichIhadfailed.AlthoughIdidwellinlanguageandmanyother

subjects,Iwouldn'tbeonthehonorroll(光荣榜)thattermifIcouldn'tsoonmakebigprogressin

math.Injustafewweeks,thenamesofthehonorrollstudentswouldbereadduringtheclass.Iwas

sosad.

Seeingmysadness,Mrs.Sharpnacksaid,"Doyouwantmetosparesometimetohelpwithyour

math?Ithinkyoucanmakebigandquickprogress."ButIjustwantedtogohomeandneverthink

aboutalgebraagain.uNo,thanks,1'Isaid.AndIexplained,HUnlikeotherstudentsinmyclass,Iam

justnotgoodatthiskindofmath.Andnoamountofstudyingwillchangethat."

IalmostcriedwhenItalkedaboutit.Mrs.Sharpnackcomfortedme,saying,"Ifweworktogether,

Ibelieveyoucanchangeit."Foramoment,Iwonderedifshewouldberight.nWhattimedoesyour

buscome?"sheasked.Ihad30minutesleftbeforemybuscame,andItoldherso.SheaskedifI

wouldliketousethattimetogooverthemathproblemsIhadmet.Encouragedbyher,Ianswered."I

guessso.”

Westartedrightthenandmadeaplantomeeteachdayfortwoweeks,afterwhichMrs.

Sharpnackwouldgivemeatesttocheckmyprogress.AfterMrs.Sharpnackhelpedmegooverafew

problemsthatday,itwastimeformybustocome.Iwavedhergoodbye.Inthefollowingdays,I

continuedstayingwithMrs.Sharpnackafterclass.Shewentovereachproblem,carefullyexplaining

thesolutions.

SometimesIstillcouldn'tunderstandwhatshehadsaid.Shestayedcalm,though,andwouldthink

ofadifferentwaytoexplaintheanswer.Thedaytotakethetestcamequickly.

注意：

1.续写词数应为150左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

Paragraph1

Mrs.Sharpnackhandedouttestpapers.

Paragraph2

ThenextmorningsMrs.Sharpnackcameinwithgradedpapers.

六、书面表达(本大题共1小题，共25.0分)

38.假定你是李华，暑期在纽约学习，得知当地博物馆要举办中国瓷器(china)展。请写一封

信申请做志愿者，内容包括：

1.写信意图；

2.应征目的、优势。

注意：

1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；

DearSir,

Yourssincerely,

LiHua

答案和解析

1〜3.【答案】D、C、D

【解析】1.【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了名为AQUILA的儿童杂志，介绍了

AQUILA杂志的一些优势以及订阅价格等信息。

根据第二段第二句Ithas28pages,printedonhigh-qualitypaperandtherearenoadvertisementsor

posters.（它有28页，用高质量的纸张印刷，没有广告或海报。）可知，它有28页，印刷在高质

量的纸张上，没有广告或海报。由此可知，AQUILA特别之处在于它没有广告。故选D。

2.根据第三段第一句AQUILAworksasasuperblearningextensiontocurrentprimary（orKS2andKS3）

curriculum,butitismuchmorethanthat!（AQUILA是目前小学（或KS2和KS3）课程的极好的学

习扩展，但它远远不止于此！）可知，AQUILA作为在校课程拓展，为读者提供学校科目以外的

知识。故选C。

3.根据第四段第一句TheconceptsinAQUILAcanbechallenging,requiringgoodcomprehensionand

readingskills.8yearsisusuallyagoodagetostart.（AQUILA中的概念可能具有挑战性，需要良好

的理解和阅读技能。8岁通常是一个好的开始。）可知，AQUILA对读者有要求，内容有一定难

度,需要理解力和一定的阅读技巧。因此，可以说AQUILA是为好奇心强，理解力强的孩子设计

的。故选D。

4〜7.【答案】C、A、D、B

【解析】1•【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。Zaki在12岁的时候还被看做是小孩，不能出海捕鱼，

成天在浅水区训练，而他的哥哥在12岁的时候早已经被看作一个成人，这使他很沮丧。有一天，

他决定与哥哥比赛潜水，当他发现哥哥快要坚持不住的时候，他突然意识到失败对哥哥意味着什

么，他在哥哥浮出水面前先浮出水面，成全了哥哥。他们俩都从中学到了很多。

第二段主要讲述Zaki每天在祖父的陪伴下去浅水区训练，早上在波浪下潜水，下午在水下练习憋

气，经过长期的训练，他在水下与水面上感觉都差不多了，也就是潜水能力超强了。所以这段话

主要描述Zaki每天在水下的努力训练。故选C。

2.第三段描述的是Zaki与哥哥在水下潜水的比赛。当他发现哥哥无法坚持，想要浮出水面的时候，

他自己先浮出水面，让哥哥赢得比赛。因为他突然意识到了这次失败可能意味着哥哥以后都不能

捕鱼了。所以可以看出Zaki是很贴心很善解人意的。A.Considerate体贴的，体谅的；B.Ambitious

野心勃勃的；C.Confident自信的：D.Adventurous喜欢冒险的。故选A。

3.由最后一段中的Thenquietly,forZaki'searsalone,hesaid"Thankyou,mybrother."（然后，只有

Zaki一个人听着，他轻声说：“谢谢你，我的兄弟。”）可知，Farid理解弟弟有意让他赢得比赛，

对弟弟很是感激，还宣布他们今天又有了一名潜水员。由最后一段中的Zakiknewthattheybothhad

learnedthatittakesmorethanstrengthtomakeaman.（Zaki知道，他们俩都明白了，造就一个人需

要的不仅仅是力量。）可知，Zaki也从比赛中懂得了成为一个真正的男人需要的不仅仅是力量。

所以两个人都从中懂得了很多，都获得了成长。故选D。

4.本文开始描写的是12岁的Zaki还被当做小孩的失落，最后通过比赛，不仅自己成为了潜水员，

还明白了成为一个真正的男人需要的不仅仅是力量。Zaki面临的不仅是成为潜水员的挑战，更是

为人设身处地考虑的挑战。所以是比赛中的这个挑战让Zaki懂得了这些道理，也是这个挑战体现

着文章的中心。故选B。

8〜11.【答案】B、D、C、A

【解析】1.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章分析了人类活动导致动物栖息地遭到破坏，从而

导致动物濒临灭绝的现象。

根据第一段中的Whenananimalspecies…deathrate（当一种动物被认为濒临灭绝时，就意味着国

际自然保护联盟（IUCN）已经将其评估为濒临灭绝的动物，这意味着它的大部分种群已经灭绝，

而且出生率低于该物种的死亡率）可知，当一个物种的大多数群体都已经灭绝的时候，这个物种

就被认为是濒危物种了。故选B。

2.根据第二段中的Unfortunately,humansdestroyanimalhabitatsinanumberofdifferentways:

buildinghouses,clearingforeststogetlumberandtoplantcrops,drainingriverstobringwatertothose

crops,andmakingstreetsandparkinglots.（不幸的是，人类通过许多不同的方式破坏动物的栖息地：

建造房屋，砍伐森林以获得lumber和种植作物，排水为这些作物带来水，以及建造街道和停车场）

及常识可知，人们砍伐森林的目的是得到木头和获得空间来种庄稼。由此推知，划线词的意思为

“木头”。故选D。

3.根据最后一段中的manynon-profitgroupsliketheNatureConservancyaretakingmeasurestoclean

upcoastlinesandestablishnaturepreservestopreventfurtherharmtonativeenvironmentsandspecies

aroundtheworld.（许多非营利组织，如自然保护协会，正在采取措施清理海岸线，建立自然保护

区，以防止对世界各地的本土环境和物种的进一步伤害）可知，清理海岸线，建立自然保护区都

是正在采取的措施，这些措施的目的就是保护本土环境和物种。故选C。

4.第一段首先说明了濒危物种的概念，然后在段末infact,thebiggestthreattoendangeredanimalsis

humanencroachment（侵入）ontheirhabitats（事实上，濒危动物的最大威胁是人类的入侵它们的栖

息地）点明目前导物种濒危的主要原因：栖息地遭到人类破坏。根据第二段中的Unfortunately,

humansdestroyanimalhabitatsinanumberofdifferentways（不幸的是，人类破坏动物栖息地的方

式多种多样）;第三段中的Inaddition,humandevelopmentpollutestheenvironmentwithallkindsof

chemicals,whichdestroysfoodsourcesandsheltersforthecreaturesandplantsofthatarea（此外，人

类的发展用各种化学物质污染了环境，破坏了该地区生物和植物的食物来源和住所）和第四段中

的Habitatdestructionisthenumberonereasonforanimalendangerment（栖息地的破坏是动物濒临灭

绝的首要原因）可知，第二段到第四段主要分析了动物栖息地遭到破坏从而导致动物濒临灭绝的

现象。由此可知，文章的中心就是在阐述：栖息地遭到破坏导致动物濒临灭绝。故选A。

12〜15.【答案】C、D、A、C

【解析】1.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了海洋塑料垃圾日益增加，对鱼类危害

很大。但是目前回收塑料垃圾比例很低，而我们生活又离不开塑料袋。因此，如何能更好地解决

这一问题迫在眉睫。

根据最后一段By2050,plasticswillweighmorethanfish.Theproblemisthateachyearatleast8million

tonsofplasticsendupinoceansaroundtheworld.Thisisthesameasdumpingthecontentsofone

garbagetruckintotheoceaneveryminute.（到2050年，塑料废弃物总重量会比鱼重很多。问题是，

每年至少8百万顿塑料废弃物会被扔进世界各地的海洋。这就和每分钟往海洋中倾倒一垃圾车的

垃圾是一样的）可知，作者用这种直观细化的方法阐述了海洋塑料垃问题的严重性，与选项C（为

了阐述问题的严重性）符合，故选C。

2.根据第二段Unlikeothertypesoftrashintheocean,theplasticneverbio-degrades.（不像海洋中的

其他种类的垃圾，塑料垃圾不会进行生物降解）可知，塑料垃圾很难降解，与选项D（它很难降

解）符合，故选D。

3.根据第二段Thereisawaytoslow-Butthatisnotlikelytohappen.（有一种方法可以减缓塑料垃

圾进入海洋一一人们可以多回收。当下只有14%的塑料可以被回收。欧洲的研究表明，使用现有

技术，多达53%的塑料可以被回收。这个报告说另一种解决方法是少使用塑料袋来包装产品。但

是那是不可能发生的）可知，塑料的循环使用比例低，且减少塑料包装的使用是不太可能，所以

可推断出作者对所提的建议是持悲观态度，故选A。

4.根据第二段Thereportsaysthatanothersolutionisusinglessplasticforpackagingproducts.Butthatis

notlikelytohappen.（这个报告说另一种解决方法是少使用塑料袋来包装产品。但是那是不可能发

生的）可知，想要减少塑料包装的使用很难，因为它已经成为日常生活的一部分，与选项C（塑

料包装已经成为我们生活的一部分）符合，故选C。

16〜20.【答案】D、C、E、B、G

【解析】1.【我只知道有】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了非盈利性组织InaPerfectWorld通过组

织服务活动为孩子们提供了一个机会去接触社会。

下文Thenon-profitInaPerfectWorldworkstoputthefuturedirectlyinchildren'shandswithyouth

involvement.Itisworkingtodevelopidealismintoactionforkidsofallages.（非营利组织InaPerfect

致力于通过让儿童参与来直接掌握未来。它努力将理想主义转变为适合所有年龄段的孩子

的行动。）说明这个非盈利组织通过让儿童直接参与，让他们把握自己的未来，D项中的createtheir

future.与之相符，因此推断D项（父母可以考虑他们的孩子是否能创造他们的未来。）符合语境，

与上文forchildrentoseewhat'sgoingonoutsideofwhattheyseeontelevision是顺承关系，弓I出本文

的主题，介绍非盈利组织InaPerfectWorld,故选D。

2.下文Theyparticipatein"EverydayKindness"activitiesthatencouragethemtobegintounderstand

othersmightnothavewhattheyhave,andtoengageinserviceactivities.（他们参与"日常善良"活动，

这些活动鼓励他们开始了解其他人可能没有他们所拥有的，并参与服务活动）讲述孩子们参与不

同的活动，空格处应该提到they指代的人，C项中的"Dreamcatchers"ages5-12.符合语境，指代这

个组织面向的儿童，C项中的Thiseffort指代上文提到的workstoputthefuturedirectlyinchildren's

handswithyouthinvolvement.Ilisworkingtodevelopidealismintoactionforkidsofallages,这个非

盈利组织致力于做的事情，因此推断C选项（这些努力从5至12岁的“捕梦者”开始。）符合语

境。故选C。

3.上文Thesearegenerallyfamilyactivitiessuchaswritingdeliveryworkersthank-younotes,painting

"loverocks"andrecyclingpackages.（这些通常都是家庭活动，比如给快递员写感谢信、画"爱石"

和回收包装）介绍了一些家庭活动，E项中的activities与上文•致，因此推断E项（定期增加新

的活动以应对当前的情况。）符合语境，与上文是顺承关系。故选E。

4.上文Aspartofthistwo-yearcurriculum,ambassadorshaveweeklymeetingswiththeirprogram

manager.（作为这两年课程的一部分，大使们每周都会与他们的项目经理会面）介绍了大使们的

一些工作，B项中的participateinserviceactivitiesregularly进一步说明大使们参加的活动，they指

代上文提的ambassadors,因此推断B选项（他们定期参加服务活动。）符合语境。故选B。

5.上文Theorganization'sbackpackdriveisanotherprojectinspiredbykidsthemselves.（该组织的