2021-2022学年山西省太原师范附中、师苑中学联考高二（下）第四次月考英语试卷（附答案详解）

2021-2022学年山西省太原师范附中、师苑中学联考高二

（下）第四次月考英语试卷

一、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，共45.0分）

A

Haveyoueverexperiencedanyinconveniencecausedbylanguagebarrierswhiletravelling?

Haveyoueverthoughthowawesomethoselanguagecourseswouldbeiftheydidn'tcostso

muchmoneyandrequiresomuchtime?

Translatyiscreatedtoservethispurpose-withoutwastingyourmoneyandtimeonlanguage

courses,youcaninstantlybecome“fluent“inmorethan40languageswiththisgeniusdevice!

•WhatisTranslaty?

Translatyisasimpleyetlife-changinginventionthathelpsyoutoovercomeanyobstacles

causedbyforeignlanguages,whetheryou'reinabusinessmeetingwithaninternationalclient

orsunbathingsomewhereonaSpanishbeach.Thissmallbutingeniousdeviceisableto

instantlyrecognizeandtranslateover40differentlanguages,makingintercultural

communicationcompletelyeffortless!

•WhatlanguagescanIactuallycommunicatein?

Translatyhasmorethan40languagespre-installed,soyou'reabletouseittheminuteyouget

it!Itprovidesfastandaccuratetwo-waycommunicationandallowsyoutoinstallsomeother

languagesthatyouwant.

•WhatmakesTranslatysospecial?

*Makestravellingeasier-helpingyoutoforgetlanguagebarriersandbecome''fluent"inover

40languages.

*Helpsinbusiness-strengtheningyourinternationalbusinessrelationships.

"Assistsindailylife-allowingyoutoovercomelanguagedifferenceswithyourforeignfriend.

*Convenientandeasytouse-lightweightandsimpledesignensuresit*stherewhenyouneedit

themost.

*Offers100%accurate,two-waytranslation.

*Highsoundandrecordingqualityensuretherearenomisunderstandings.Tosumup-getit

whileyoucan!

1.WhatcanTranslatyhelpuserstodo?

A.Tobetterunderstandforeigners.

B.Tolearnforeignlanguageswell.

C.Tospendlessinlearningalanguage.

D.Tobuildrelationshipswithcolleagues.

2.WhatisspecialaboutTranslaty?

A.Ifssecure.B.It'senormous.

C.Ifsreliable.D.It'sinfluential.

3.What'sthepurposeofthetext?

A.ToadvertisethedeviceTranslaty.

B.Tocriticizetheelectronicdevice.

C.Todemonstratehowtohandlethedevice.

D.Todeclarewhenthedevicewillbeonthemarket.

B

Whilesomefeelthatbookstoresarefadingaway,oneChinesebookstorehasfoundnewlifeby

marchingintoruralareasinChinatobringcolorfulculturallifeandhigherincomeslolocal

residents.

Byabsorbinglocalruralcharacteristics,thevillagebranchesoftheLibrairieAvantgarde

Bookstore(LAB)chainhavetransformedintoimportantplatformstodisplaylocal

history,cultureandfolktraditions.Notjustbookstores,theyarefoundationshelpingtorelieve

spiritualpoverty(贫困)andcentersforgatheringanddisplayingruralculture.

Tobetterfitinthelivesoflocalresidents,earthvillagebranchhasitsowncharacteristics,like

thebranchinShaxi,southwestChina*sYunnanprovince.Manyofnearly20,000booksinthe

storeareassociatedwiththehistory,geographyandfolkcustomsofYunnanandtheBaipeople.

"Turninginprofitsisnotouronlyaim.Ourbookstorehasbecomeapublicgatheringspacefor

villagers.Notonlyyoungpeople,butmanyelderlyresidentscomehere.Theydonotbuy

books,butpassthetimebyrendingorchattingwitheachotherinourstore,"LiuXia,the

bookstoreownerexplained.

Sheaddedthatthisisaculturalatmospherethatbookstoresofferthearea.Someresidentshave

grownaccustomedtoturningtothebooksofthestoretofindanswerstothetroublesthey

face,suchasoperatingabusinessorcontrollingtouristsfromurbanareas.Thebiggestbenefitof

openingbookstoresinvillagesisthatithelpsprovideahealthyenvironmentforchildren's

growth."Mykidsoftencometothestore.Theylovereadingbookshere.Theygainknowledge

第2页，共23页

andcuriosityaboutoutsideworld/'onevillagersaid.

Thearrivalofthebookstoremenusalottothevillagewhenyoungresidentshavebeenleaving

forurbanareasinrecentyears.Duringthe2020MayDayandNationalDayholidays,thedaily

numberoftouriststravelingtothevillagereached5,000,arecordhigh.Visitorswereattracted

bythebookstore.Surroundingit,severalrestaurantsandholdshaveopened.

4.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesvillagebranchesoftheLAB?

A.Theyaredisappearinggradually.

B.Theyfeaturelocalruralcultures.

C.Theycouldmakemuchhigherprofits.

D.Theyhavesetuppoverty-relieffoundations.

5.WhatdoweknowaboutthebranchinShaxi?

A.Itspecializesinhistory-relatedbooks.

B.Itcreatesapublicgatheringspaceforbusiness.

C.Itsharesthesamefeatureswithotherbranches.

D.IthelpsvillagersknowmoreabouttheBaipeople.

6.What'sthegreatestinfluenceofvillagebookshopsonthelocalareas?

A.Attractingmorepeopletopayavisit.

B.Offeringkidsahealthyatmosphere.

C.Helpingresidentstoacquireknowledge.

D.Encouragingtheyoungtogotobigcities.

7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthetext?

A.LAB：ABookstoreontheRise

B.LocalCultureWelcomedbyTourists

C.VillageBookshopsPromoteRuralLife

D.GreatAmbitionsofVillageBookstores

c

Treesaresymbolsofhope,lifeandtransformation.Theyarealsoincreasinglylabeledasa

straightforward,relativelyinexpensive,andbestsolutiontoclimatechange.Lately,societyhas

beenputtingalotofpressureontreestogetthewholeworldoutoftheclimatechange

emergency.Accordingly,enthusiasmisworldwidepopularamonggovernments,businessesand

individualsforambitiousprojectstoplantbillions,evenatrillionmore,soastohelpcutcunent

emission（排放）.

"Treesarehavingabitofamomentrightnow,"saysJoeFargione,anecologistwithTheNature

ConservancybasedinMinneapolis."There'snoanti-treelobby.Treeshavelotsofbenefitsfor

people.Notonlydotheystorecarbon,theyhelpprovidecleanair,preventsoilerosion,shadeand

shelterhomestoreduceenergycostsandgivepeopleasenseofwell-being.0

Yet,asglobaleagernessforaddingmoretreesgrows,somescientistsareurgingcaution.Before

movingforward,theysay,suchmassivetreeprojectsmustaddressarangeofscientific,social

andeconomicconcerns.Poorlydesignedprojectsthatdon'taddresstheseissuescoulddomore

harmthangood,theresearcherssay,wastingmoneyaswellaspublicgoodwill.''There'sareal

feelingthatforestsandtreesarejusttheideawecanusetogetsomeunspeakablesupportfor

many,perhapsmorecomplicated,typesoflandscaperestorationinitiatives",saysecologist

JosephVeldmanan.

Theconcernsare：There'stoomuchfocusonnumbersofseedlingsplanted,andtoolittletime

spentonhowtokeepthetreesaliveinthelongterm,orinworkingwithlocalcommunities.And

there'snotenoughemphasisonhowdifferenttypesofforestsstoreverydifferentamountsof

carbon.There'stoomuchtalkabouttrees,andnotenoughaboutothercarbon-storing

ecosystems.Andoverthelastdecade,adiversegardenoftree-centricproposalhasspreadacross

theglobe.Thatcanleadtoallkindsofproblems,Josephadds.MForme,thedevilisinthe

details.'1

8.AccordingtoParagraph1,whatistheglobalfever?

A.Gettingridoftheairpressureoftheearth.

B.Launchingenvironment-basedmovements.

C.Spendingmoretimeonglobaltreeprojects.

D.Plantingmoretreestohandleclimatechange.

9.WhatcanbeinferredfromParagraph3?

A.Tree-plantingprojectsmightbewronglyused.

B.There*snoscientificbasisforplantingprograms.

C.Growingmeretreesisjustawasteofmoney.

D.Publicgoodwillissurelyabusedtoacertaindegree.

10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"myriad"inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Unique.B.Precise.C.Many.D.Reliable.

11.Howdoestheauthorlikethetree-basedideatosolveclimatechange?

第4页，共23页

A.Positive.B.Doubtful.C.Neutral.D.Unclear.

D

InafascinatingpaperpublishedlastyearinScience,ateamledbyAndreasNiederofthe

UniversityofTubingeninGermanyshowedthatcrows（乌鸦）-alreadyknowntobeamong

themostintelligentofanimals-areevenmoreimpressivethanweknew.Infact,theevidence

suggeststhattheyareself-awareand,inanimportantsense,conscious（有意识的）.

Crowshadbeenobservedpreviouslytousetoolstosolvecertainproblems.Nieder'sexperiment

showedthatthebirdswereactivelyevaluatinghowtosolveaparticularproblem；ineffect,they

werethinkingitover.Thisabilitytoconsciouslyassessaproblemwasassociatedwiththe

cerebralcortex（大脑皮层）inthebrainsofhumans,whichbirdsdon'thave.

Otherstudiessupporttheideathatthebirdbraincan,inprinciple,supportthedevelopmentof

higherintelligence,hadbeendismissedinthepastduetothesmallsizeofbirds*brains.But

recentresearchhasshownthatinbirds,theneurons（神经元）aresmallerandmore

tightly-packed,whichmakessensetoreduceweightandmakesiteasierlofly.Thetotalnumber

ofbraincellincrows（about1.5billion）isaboutthesameasthatinsomemonkeyspecies.But

becausetheyaremoretightly-packed,thecommunicationbetweentheneuronsseemstobe

better,andtheoverallintelligenceofcrowsmaybeclosertothatofgorillas（猩猩）.

Thisresearchhasimportantconsequencesforourunderstandingoftheevolutionofhigher

intelligence.First,acerebralcortexisnotneeded,andthereareothermeanstoachievethesame

outcome.Second,eithertheevolutionofconsciousnessisveryancienttracingbacktothelast

commonancestorofmammalsandbirdsabout320millionyearsago,or,equally

interesting,consciousnessaroseatleasttwicelateron,independentlyinmammalsand

birds.Bothoptionsraisethepossibilitythathigherintelligenceonotherplanetsmaynot

necessarilybemammalorhuman-like,butcouldverywellbebirdlike.

12.WhatdidAndreasNieder'steamfindoutaboutcrows?

A.Theyaremoreintelligentthanotheranimals.

B.Theyhaveleftpeopleaverygoodimpression.

C.Theyaremuchclevererthanpreviouslythought.

D.Theycanusetoolstosolvecertainproblems.

13.Whatdoestheunderlined"it"inparagraph3referto?

A.Theidea.B.Thebirdbrain.

C.Thedevelopment.D.Higherintelligence.

14.Whydocrowshavehigh-levelintelligence?

A.Theyhavemoretightly-packedbrains.

B.Theyhaveasmallnumberofbraincells.

C.Theirbrainneuronscouldcommunicatewell.

D.Theirbraincellsarethesamewiththemonkeys.

15.Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A.Cerebralcortexesarenecessaryfortheevolutionofhigherintelligence.

B.Bothmammalsandbirdsgottheirintelligencefromcommonancestors.

C.Higherintelligencehasalreadydevelopedseparatelyindifferentspecies.

D.Higherintelligenceonotherplanetsmightbedifferentfromwhatweimagine.

二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共15.0分)

Buildingandsupportingyourteamhasneverbeenmoreimportant.Akeypartofapositive

workenvironmentisshowinggratitudetoteammembers.(1)Yet81%ofemployeesreport

highermotivationwithacommunicativemanager.Tipsbelowarestronglyrecommendedby

successfulleaders.

(2)45%ofemployeesenjoypraisesuchaspositivefeedbackandencouragementastheir

favoritewayofreceivingappreciation.Youcansendanupliftingmessagebeforeabig

presentation,orcongratulatepeersonajobwelldone.Yourrecognitioncanhelpshapeamore

supportiveworkenvironment.

Maketimeforyourteam.Practisegivingyourcoworkersyourundividedattention.(3)By

spendingqualitytimewithcoworkers,youhelpeasetheiranxietyandmakethemmore

productive.ltalsocreatesopportunitiestoshowyourrecognitionoftheircontributions.

Practiceactsofservice.Theyshowratherthantellcoworkersthatyousincerelycare.Express

yourappreciationwithmorethanahelpinghand.(4)Bearitinmindtocheckinregularlytoask

"howcanIhelpyou?H,andthenusetheirinputtoinspireanewidea.

Considergivingyourteamgifts.Theycanbeassimpleasacupofcoffeeforthe"ideaofthe

week".Toensureyouaremakingeveryonefeelseenandincluded,givegiftstothosewho

wouldvaluethem.(5)

第6页，共23页

A.Usewordsofapprovaloften.

B.Recognizeyourworkers'strengths.

C.Workenvironmentscanbefast-pacedandstressful.

D.Bethoughtfulwithyoursignofcaretomakeitcount.

E.Forexample,volunteertostayafterhourstohelpwithaproject.

F.Carefulattentiontoworkhasbecomeevenmorevaluableinarealworkenvironment.

G.However,oursurveyshowsmostemployersrarelyexpressthankslotheiremployees.

16.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

17.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

18.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

19.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

20.A.AB.BC.CD.DE.

EF.FG.G

三、完形填空(本大题共2()小题，共40.()分)

IlivedathomewhileIwenttocollege,andIappreciatedtheextratimewithmyfamily」⑵)my

mom'swisdomandIactuallytookheradvice!Onedayparticularly(22)fbrme,adaywhena

simplepieceofadvicebecamea(n)(23)lesson.

Idon'trememberwhatIwas(24)about,butIremember(25)thatIwastalkingonthekitchen

phonetosomeone,andtherewasa(n)(26).Momwasbusyasusualwithhouseholdtasksand

shewasn'tonetointerfere.Butforsomereasonshe(27)asthecallwentonthatmymoodwas

not(28).Suddenlyshestoodbeforemewithatinypieceofpaper.Onitweretwowordsanda

drawing.Shehandedittomewithasmileandthen(29).

I(30)thetinypaper.ltread：”BeNice"andhadasmileyfacedrawing.

I(31)mymom'sadvice.FromthatpointItooka(32)tone.Bytheconclusionoftheconversation

thetensionIhadfeltwas(33).Allwasatpeaceinmyworld.

Butthereis(34)tothestoryaboutthelittlepieceofpaper.WhenIgraduatedand(35)thatlittle

pieceofpapermovedwithme.I(36)itonmyrefrigerator,securedinplacebyamagnet.For

manyyearsthatpieceofpapermovedwithmeandhasbeenservingasaconstant(37).

Today,wheneverIfeelstressedorimpatientinthepresenceofa(n)(38)person,!visualizemy

momhandingmethatpieceofpaperandIact(39)!Whowouldhaveeverguessedthe

timeless(40)oftwolittlewordsandasmileyfaceonasimplelittlepieceofpaper?

21.A.enviedB.sharedC.questionedD.respected

22.A.cameoutB.stoodoutC.turnedoutD.brokeout

23.A.painfulB.basicC.lifelongD.interesting

24.A.disappointedB.nervousC.curiousD.upset

25.A.vividlyB.actuallyC.fondlyD.especially

26.A.topicB.issueC.planD.idea

27.A.agreedB.wonderedC.knewD.admitted

28.A.mentionedB.improvedC.reflectedD.discovered

29.A.leftB.returnedC.escapedD.wandered

30.A.turnedoverB.foldedupC.pickedupD.lookedat

31.A.followedB.ignoredC.supportedD.wanted

32.A.seriousB.higherC.naturalD.friendlier

33.A.easedB.createdC.figuredD.expressed

34.A.moreB.nothingC.lessD.everything

35.A.wentonB.setoffC.movedoutD.ranback

36.A.wroteB.foundC.hidD.displayed

37.A.pressureB.reminderC.forceD.presence

38.A.encouragingB.warm-heartedC.challengingD.open-minded

39.A.accordinglyB.graduallyC.instantlyD.actively

40.A.memoryB.valueC.funD.art

四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共15.0分)

41.Accordingtoasurveycarriedoutrecently,therearenowasmanyasabillionpeople

worldwide⑴(weigh)toomuch.Worsestill,thenumberofoverweightpeopleisrising

fast.

"Themainreasonforthisis(2)peoplearedoinglesshardphysicalworkandtheyeattoo

muchfattyfood."saidAmericannutritionexpertProfessorPopkin."Japanhasthe(3)

(low)rateofobesityinthedevelopedworld.TheJapaneseusepublictransportand

第8页，共23页

walk.TheaverageAmerican,(4),drivestoworkandsupermarkets.Whenhegets

home,hesitsonacouchinfrontoftheTVandeatsjunkfood."

InBritainandmanyotherEuropeancountries,thenumberofoverweightpeople(5)

(increase)by200%inthepast20years.HThe(6)(effect)ofthisareclear/said

LondondoctorElenaPower.nWehavemoreillnesses(7)(relate)toweightandfewer

fitpeople.11

Chinausedtobeoneoftheslimmestnationsintheworld.However,(8)isestimatedthat

20percentoftheworld'soverweightpeoplenowliveinChina,manyof(9)are

schoolchildren.

"Wehaveaseriousproblem,"saidProfessorPopkin,"Itrequiresan(10)(improve)from

everyone,oritwillgetworse.'1

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、短文改错(本大题共I小题，共10.0分)

42.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共

有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处，每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加，删除或

修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(A),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Therearemanyrespectablepeoplearoundus.Asforme,myfatheristheoneIrespect

him.Heisadoctorandalwaystakesapositivelyattitudetowardslife.

TherearevariousreasonsthatIadmirehim.Asadoctor,heisdevotedtohisjob,saying

*'Nothingismoreimportantthansavingalife,wheneverdifficultitis."Twoyearsago,he

volunteeredtogotoWuhan,determiningtohelpthosesufferingfromCOVID-19,despite

theriskofbeinginfected,whichmademepromotetheunderstandingofbraveand

responsibility.Asafather,notonlydoeshecareaboutmylife,alsoinspiresmetosetthe

highaimandstriveforit.Withouthisencouragement,!couldn'thavemadesomuch

progresses.

Suchismyfather,agreatmanwhosetagoodexampleformeandIlovehimagreatdeal.

六、书面表达（本大题共1小题，共25.0分）

你校将举办英语演讲比赛。请你以"Let'sPromoteEcotourism”为题写一篇发言稿参赛，

内容包括：

1.当前趋势；

2.你的观点；

3.你的倡议。

注意：

1.词数100左右；

2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

第10页，共23页

答案和解析

1~3.【答案】A、C、A

【解析】（1）A.细节理解题。根据WhatisTranslaty?部分Translatyisasimpleyet

life-changinginventionthathelpsyoutoovercomeanyobstaclescausedbyforeignlanguages.

（Translaty是一个简单但改变生活的发明，它可以帮助你克服外语带来的任何障碍。）

Thissmallbutingeniousdeviceisabletoinstantlyrecognizeandtranslateover40different

languages,makinginterculturalcommunicationcompletelyeffortless!（这个小而巧妙的装置

能够立即识别和翻译40多种不同的语言，使跨文化交流完全不费力!）可知，Translaty

是一种翻译器，可以帮助客户直接与外国人交流。故选A。

（2）C.推理判断题。根据WhatmakesTranslatysospecial?部分Offers100%

accurate,two-waytranslation.（提供100%准确的双向翻译。）可知，Translaty的特别之

处是它翻译100%准确，值得信赖。A.ICssecure它是安全的；B.Ifsenormous它是巨大

的；C.It'sreliable它是可靠的；D.It'sinfluential它是有影响的。故选C。

（3）A.写作目的题。根据第二段

Translatyiscreatedtoservethispurpose-withoutwastingyourmoneyandtime

onlanguagecourses.youcaninstantlybecome"fluent"inmorethan40languageswiththisge

niusdevice!（Translaty就是为了实现这一目标而创建的-不用在语言课程上浪费您的金

钱和时间，使用这个天才设备，您可以立即“流禾『地掌握40多种语言！）可知，前文

是对Translaty功能和特点的介绍。以及最后一段Tosumup—getitwhileyoucan!（总

而言之，尽快入手!）可知，本文是一则广告，在推介翻译器Translaty。故选A。

本文是一则广告布告类阅读，文章主要介绍Translaty的功能以及带来的好处。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项填写出正确答案。

4~7.【答案】B、D、B、C

【解析】（1）B.细节理解题。根据第二段的Byabsorbinglocalruralcharacteristics,thevillage

branchesoftheLibrairieAvantgardeBookstore（LAB）chainhavetransformedinto

importantplatformstodisplaylocalhistory.cultureandfolktraditions.（先锋书店（LAB）

连锁书店的乡村分店吸收了当地乡村特色，成为展示当地历史、文化和民俗传统的重要

平台。）可知，先锋书店的乡村分店以当地的乡村文化为特色。故选B。

（2）D.细节理解题。根据第三段的Manyofnearly20,000booksinthestoreareassociated

withthehistory,geographyandfolkcustomsofYunnanandtheBaipeople.（书店近2万册

书中，有许多与云南和白族的历史、地理和民俗有关。）可知，沙溪分店帮助村民更多

地了解白族人。故选D。

（3）B.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段的Thebiggestbenefitofopeningbookstoresinvillages

isthatithelpsprovideahealthyenvironmentforchildren'sgrowth.（在农村开书店的最大好

处是为孩子们提供了一个健康的成长环境。）可知，乡村书店对当地最大的影响是为孩

子们提供一个健康的环境。故选B。

（4）C.标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段的Whilesomefeelthatbookstoresarefading

away,oneChinesebookstorehasfoundnewlifebymarchingintoruralareasinChinatobring

colorfulculturallifeandhigherincomeslolocalresidents.（虽然有些人觉得书店正在消失，

但一家中国书店却找到了新生命，它进军中国农村地区，为当地居民带来了丰富的文化

生活和更高的收入。）可知，本文主要讲的是中国的先锋书店进军中国农村地区，为当

地居民带来了丰富的文化生活和更高的收入，也就是本文主要介绍的是一个促进乡村生

活的书店，因此最好的题目是C选项"VillageBookshopsPromoteRuralLife（乡村书店

促进乡村生活）"«故选C。

本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲的是中国的先锋书店进军中国农村地区，为当地居民带

来了丰富的文化生活和更高的收入。

做题时要通读全文，把握大意，然后结合题干及选项做出正确的选择。

8~11.【答案】D、A、C、B

［解析】（1）D.细节理解题。根据文章第一段Accordingly,enthusiasmisworldwidepopular

amonggovernments,businessesandindividualsforambitiousprojectstoplantbillions,evena

trillionmore,soastohelpcutcurrentemission（排放）（因止匕，在全世界的政府、商业和

个人上掀起了一阵热浪，希望通过种植十亿或者万亿颗树来帮助减少碳排放。）可知，

全球热指的是通过植树来解决气候变化。故选D。

（2）A.推理判断题。根据文章第三段Yet,asglobaleagernessforaddingmoretrees

grows,somescientistsareurgingcaution.（然而，随着关于种植更多树的全球热的上涨，

一些科学家强调要慎重。）以及Poorlydesignedprojectsthatdon'taddresstheseissuescould

domoreharmthangood,theresearcherssay,wastingmoneyaswellaspublicgoodwill（研究

者说道，无法解决这些问题的那些设计较差的项目可能会带来更多的伤害，既浪费钱又

无法获得公众的好感。）可知，植树项目可能被错误的使用了，只注重植树的数量，而

第12页，共23页

未在意其质量，可能会带来更多的问题。故选A。

（3）C.词句猜测题。根据文章第四段Theconcernsaremyriad：冒号后的内容There'stoo

muchfocusonnumbersofseedlingsplanted,andtoolittletimespentonhowtokeepthetrees

aliveinthelongterm,orinworkingwithlocalcominunities.Andthere'snotenoughemphasis

onhowdifferenttypesofforestsstoreverydifferentamountsofcarbon.There'stoomuchtalk

abouttrees,andnotenoughaboutothercarbon-storingecosystems.Andoverthelastdecade,a

diversegardenoftree-centricproposalhasspreadacrosstheglobe.（太多的关注点落在了种

植树的数量上，而未花时间来让这些树长时间存活，且未与当地社区合作。并且也没有

足够去关注不同种类的树如何来储存不同量的碳。关于树有太多的言论了，但是关于碳

储存系统的话题却太少。并且在过去的十年里，一个以树为中心的多样化的花园的提案

已经传播开来。）可知，冒号后的内容解释了myriad一词，冒号后提出了很多的问题。

由此可知，划线词myriad与many（很多的）意思相近。A.Unique独一无二的；B.Precise

精确的；C.Many很多的;D.Reliable可靠的。故选C。

（4）B.观点态度题。根据文章第二段Yet,asglobaleagernessforaddingmoretrees

grows,somescientistsareurgingcaution.（然而，随着关于种植更多树的全球热的上涨，

一些科学家强调要慎重）以及文章第四段"Theconcernsaremyriad（存在着很多的额担

忧。）可知，作者对于这种“以植树为方式来解决气候变化的“做法是持怀疑态度的。

A.Positive肯定的;B.Doubtful值得怀疑的：C.Neutral中立的;D.Unclear不清楚的。故

选B。

本文为一篇说明文。文章就现在的“种植大量的树来解决气候问题的情况，作者利用科

学家的观点表达了自己怀疑的态度。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找

出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。推理判断题也是要在抓住关键句子

的基础上合理的分析才能得出正确答案，切忌胡乱猜测，一定要做到有理有据。

12~15.【答案】C、A、C、D

【解析】（1）C.细节理解题。根据第一段InafascinatingpaperpublishedlastyearinScience/

teamledbyAndreasNiederoftheUniversityofTubingeninGermanyshowedthatcrows

-alreadyknowntobeamongthemostintelligentofanimals-areevenmoreimpressivethan

weknew.（在去年发表在《科学》杂志上的一篇引人入胜的论文中，由德国图宾根大学

的安德烈亚斯♦尼德领导的一个研究小组表明，乌鸦--己经被认为是最聪明的动物之一--

甚至比我们所知的更令人印象深刻。）及第二段Crowshadbeenobservedpreviouslytouse

toolstosolvecertainproblems.Nieder'sexperimentshowedthatthebirdswereactively

evaluatinghowtosolveaparticularproblem；ineffect,theywerethinkingitover.（之前人们

观察到乌鸦会使用工具来解决某些问题。尼德的实验表明，这些鸟正在积极评估如何解

决特定问题；实际上，他们正在仔细思考。）可知，尼德的研究小组发现乌鸦比我们之

前想的要聪明得多，故选C。

（2）A.代词指代题。根据划线词前的Otherstudiessupporttheideathatthebirdbraincan,in

principle,supportthedevelopmentofhigherintelligence.lthadbeendismissedinthepastdue

tothesmallsizeofbirds,brains.Butrecentresearchhasshownthatinbirds,the

neurons（神经元）aresmallerandmore

lightly-packed,whichmakessensetoreduceweightandmakes___easierlofly.（其他

研究支持鸟类大脑原则上可以支持更高智力发展的观点。过去由于鸟类大脑体积小而被

驳回。但最近的研究表明，在鸟类中，神经元更小，包装更轻，这对减轻重量很有意义，

并且更容易飞行。）可知，其他研究也支持这样一种观点，即鸟类的大脑原则上可以支

持更高智力的发展。此处承接上文，说的是在过去，由于鸟类的大脑体积较小，这一观

点一直被忽视，由此可知It指代的就是前文提到的”鸟类的大脑原则上可以支持更高智

力的发展"这一观点，A.Theidea.这个想法；B.Thebirdbrain.鸟的大脑;C.Thedevelopment.

发展;D.Higherintelligence.更高的智力。故选A。

（3）C.推理判断题。根据第三段Butbecausetheyaremoretightly-packed,the

communicationbetweentheneuronsseemsInbebetter,andtheoverallintelligenceofcrows

maybeclosertothatofgorillas.（但由于脑细胞的排列更紧密，神经元之间的交流似乎更

好，乌鸦的整体智力可能更接近大猩猩。）可知，乌鸦的智力很高是因为它们的大脑神

经元之间能够很好地交流，故选C。

（4）D.推理判断题。根据最后一段Bothoptionsraisethepossibilitythathigherintelligence

ontheplanetmaynotnecessarilybemammalorhuman-like,butcouldverywellbebirdlike.

（这两种选择都提出了一种可能性，即地球上的高智商生物不一定是哺乳动物或类人的,

但很可能是类鸟的。）可知，地球上的高智商生物可能与我们想象的不同，故