统考版2024届高考英语二轮专项分层特训卷阅读理解保分练六词句猜测题-代词句意猜测类

阅读理解保分练(六)词句猜测题——代词、句意猜测类(A)[2023·贵阳市高三测试]Manypeoplethinkthatyouneedtotravelgreatdistancesandgoonexpensivetripstocreatebeautifulphotos.Ifyouconsidermacrophotography,whichiscapturingtinydetails,anentirelynewworldmayopenforyourightinyourownbackyard.ThisiswhatIdecidedtodotochallengemyselfrecently!Ichosearelativelysmallareainmyneighborhoodtorevisitoveracoupleofdays,buttheonlyruleIgavemyselfwasnottophotographanythingabovetheknees.Usinga50mmmacrolens(微距镜头)onatraditionalDSLRcamera,Iwalkaroundlookingfordifferentopportunities.Ialsooftenusetwoextensiontubes，whichhelpmegeteverclosertomysubjectmatterandincreasethemagnification(放大率).Intheeveninglight,thehighcontrasthelpsyouseesmallthingslikejumpinggrasshoppersorotherinsectsflyingaround，butduringthedayitcanbemorechallenging.Tofindgoodsubjectmatter，Iliketocrawlaroundandlookattheworldfromalizardorsnake'spointofview.Itaddssignificantlymoredrama,improvestheimage.Italsohasthepowertotransformabeautifulsubjectintoabeautifulpieceofart.Ireallyalsopayattentiontothebackgroundelements,notjustthesubjectmatter,especiallywithwildflowers.Howinfocusthebackgroundis，orhowoutoffocusitis,canchangeanimage.Iliketoshootwithafullyblurred(模糊不清的)background,whichiscalledbokeh,thoughsometimesincreasingdepthoffieldandnothavingtotalblurrinesscanbebeneficialtothecomposition,too.Youalsodon'tneedaspecialcamerasetuptodothis.Usingasmartphone，youcaneasilyusetoolslikeportraitmode,tohelpblurthebackground.Someappsalsoallowforagreaterlevelofcontrolwithdepthoffieldandclose­upphotography.It'slessaboutthecamerayouuse,andmoreabouthowyouuseit!1．Whatmakesasplendidcomposition?A．Takinganexpensivetrip.B．Capturingthedetailsoflife.C．Shootinganythingabovetheknees.D．Lookingatabeautifulsubject.2．Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A．AtraditionalDSLRcamera.B．Thewaysofmacroshooting.C．Shootingdownatsubjects.D．Insectsflyingaround.3．Whatdoes“this”refertointhelastparagraph?A．Background.B．Portrait.C．Bokeh.D．Camera.4．Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A．MyNeighborhoodB．TheBackyardC．CrouchingdownYourselfD．MacroPhotography(B)[2023·济南市高三质检]Whenpeoplehear“ArtificialIntelligence(AI)”，manythinkofbigdata.ThereasonisthatsomeofthemostsignificantAIbreakthroughshavereliedonenormousdatasets.ButAIisnotonlyaboutlargedatasets,andresearchinsmalldataapproachesinthepastdecadehasgrownextensively,withTransferLearning(TL)(迁移学习)asanespeciallypromisingexample,whichishelpfulinsettingswhereyouhavefewdataonthetaskofinterestbutsufficientdataonarelatedproblem.SmalldataapproacheslikeTLoffernumerousadvantagesovermoredata­intensivemethods.BytheuseofAIwithfewerdata,theycanfacilitateprogressinareaswherefewornodataexist,suchasinforecastingnaturaldisastersthatoccurrelativelyrarely.Moreimportantly,TLisofgreathelpintermsofgeneralization.AchallengeintheuseofAIisthatmodelsneedtogeneralizebeyondtheirtrainingdata—thatis,togivegood“answers”toamoregeneralsetof“questions”thanwhattheywerespecificallytrainedfor.TLmodelsworkbytransferringknowledgefromonetasktoanother,sotheyareveryhelpfulinimprovinggeneralizationinthenewtask,evenifonlylimiteddataareavailable.AIexpertssuchasAndrewNghavestatedthattheapproachwillbethenextdriverofgettingmachinelearningsuccessinindustry.Therearesomeearlysignsofsuccessfuladoptionandithasbeenappliedtocancerdiscoveryandmuchmore.Despitetheincreaseinresearch,TL__has__received__relatively__little__visibility.Whilemanymachinelearningexpertsanddatascientistsarefamiliarwithit,techniquessuchasTLdonotseemtohavereachedtheawarenessofthebroaderspaceofpolicymakersandbusinessleadersinpositionsofmakingimportantdecisionsaboutAIfundingandadoption.ByacknowledgingthesuccessofsmalldatatechniqueslikeTLandsupportingtheirwidespreaduse,wecanhelpovercomesomewidespreadmisconceptionsregardingtheroleofdatainAIandpromoteinnovationinnewdirections.5．WhatdoestheauthorthinkofTL?A．Itisapotentialtechnique.B．Itisofhelpinlargedatasets.C．ItisanimportantAIbreakthrough.D．Itisareliablesolutiontomultitasking.6．InwhichaspectdoesTLshowitsadvantages?A．Acquiringknowledge.B．Discoveringquestions.C．Collectingtrainingdata.D．Improvinggeneralization.7．WhatdoestheunderlinedpartinParagraph4probablymean?A．TLhaslittlevalue.B．TLisaheatedtopic.C．TLdrawspublicattention.D．TLisnotwellrecognized.8．What'sthepurposeofthistext?A．Toclarifysomemisconceptions.B．Tointroduceasmalldataapproach.C．TopredictthepromisingfutureofAI.D．Toemphasizethesignificanceofdata.阅读理解保分练（六）（A）语篇类型：记叙文主题语境：人与自然——拍摄美景——微距摄影【文章大意】为了拍摄美丽的照片，作者选择重新游览家附近的区域，采用微距方式拍摄生活中的微小细节。作者告诉我们，要拍摄美景，不在于使用什么相机，而在于如何使用相机。1．答案与解析：B细节理解题。题干问的是什么构成美丽的作品。根据第一段中的“Ifyouconsidermacrophotography,whichiscapturingtinydetails,anentirelynewworldmayopenforyourightinyourownbackyard.ThisiswhatIdecidedtodotochallengemyselfrecently！”可知，捕捉微小的细节，一个全新的世界就在你面前打开，这正是作者挑战自己要做的事情。由此可知，捕捉生活中的细节可构成一幅美丽的作品。故B项正确。2．答案与解析：B推理判断题。根据第二段的描述可知，作者使用50毫米的微距镜头寻找不同的拍摄机会，还使用两个伸缩管增大放大率，接近拍摄主题，下文分别介绍晚上拍摄和白天拍摄情况。由此可推知，第二段主要讲述微距拍摄的方法。故B项正确。3．答案与解析：C代词猜测题。根据第三段尾句可知，作者喜欢用完全模糊的背景来拍摄。由此可知，文中的“你没有必要使用特殊的相机来做到这一点”就是指“用完全模糊的背景拍摄”，而这种做法又被称为bokeh，故此处的this就是指bokeh。故C项正确。4．答案与解析：D主旨大意题。第一段讲述为了拍摄美丽的图片，作者采用微距拍摄，捕捉生活中的细节；第二段讲述微距拍摄的方法；第三段讲述作者使用微距拍摄的喜好；第四段讲述作者建议使用普通相机也可拍到美丽的图