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UNIT3BACKTOTHEPASTWelcometotheunitTheFourGreatAncientCivilizations
四大文明古国
AncientBabylon.India.China.GreececivilizationarchitectureartreligionliteraturethoughtThesevenwondersoftheworld
PyramidsTheStatueofZeusTheHangingGardensTheTempleofArtemisatEphesus(古希腊阿耳特弥斯寺庙)TheColossusofRhodes
(罗得斯岛巨像)TheLighthouseofAlexandria
(法洛斯灯塔)TheMausoleumatHalicarnassusKing(毛索洛斯墓庙
)IfyouhaveaSpaceandTimemachine,whereandwhendoyouwanttogo?BytheriversofBabylon,therewesatdown.Yeah,wewept,whenwerememberedZion.Fortheretheythatcarriedusawayincaptivity,requiringofusasong.Nowhowshallwesingthelord’ssong,inastrangeland.Letthewordsofourmouths,andthemeditationsofourhearts.Beacceptableinthesightheretonight.BytheriversofBabylon,therewesatdown.Yeah,wewept,whenwerememberedZion.ah…ahah…ah.RiversofBabylonWhatdoyouknowaboutthesongandancientBabylon?PictureDescriptionTheStatueofZeusTheHangingGardensTheTajMahal
ThePotalaPalaceGeneralquestionDothesepictureshavesomethingincommon?Ifso,pleasedescribeitwithsomeadjectives,asmanyasyoucan.
magnificentwell-designedancientfamousdistant
…Zeusisthesupreme(至高无上的)godofancientGreeceMythology(神话).TheStatueofZeus,sculpted(雕刻)byagreatGreekartistinabout435BC,wasoncelocatedonthewesterncoastofGreece.ItwasaseatedfigureofZeus,holdinghiseagle-toppedstaffinhislefthandandthefigureofNike(victory)inhisrighthand.TheStatueofZeusKingNebuchadnezzarⅡofBabylon(605-562BC)builttheHangingGardenstocheeruphiswifewhomissedtheflowersandtreesofherhomeland.Thegardengotitsnamebecauseitwasbuiltentirelyontheroofofthebuilding,whichwassurroundedbytrees.Thisgavetheimpressionthatitwashanginginthesky.TheHangingGardens TheMughalEmperor ShahJahanbuilttheTaj Mahalonthebanksof theriverYamunaasa tomb(坟墓)forhiswife.Itwasbuiltin22years(1631to1653)by20,000workmen.Thebuildingismadeofwhitemarble(大理石).Abeautifulgardensurrounds(环绕)theTajMahal.InfrontofthemainentrancetothebuildingthereisTajMahalinthereflectionfromthewater.
TheTajMahal
PotalaPalaceis locatedon“RedHill”in Lhasa.Itwasoriginally builtinthe640’s,during thereignofKing SongtsanGampo.The13-storypalacestands117metershighandcoversanareaof130,000squaremeters.Itisdividedintotwosections,theRedPalaceandtheWhitePalace.ItwasusedastheresidenceoftheDalaiLamassincethe7thcentury,aswellasthereligiousandpoliticalcentreofoldTibet.ThePotalaPalacePair-work
1.Whatotherancientcivilizationsdoyouknowabout?
2.Haveyoueverbeentoamuseumandseenthingsfromancientcivilizations?Whatdidyouthinkofthethingsyousaw?
3.Doyouthinkitisimportanttoprotectculturalheritage?Why?Howtoprotectit?
Tips
commonpeoplegovernment
.laws.education
.obeythelaws.protecttheenvironment
ReadingLostcivilizations⑴
Unit3BacktothepastTalkabouttwoquestionswithyourpartners.1.CanyounamesomebuildingsthatcouldrepresentancientcivilizationsinChina?2.WhatdoesthetitleLostCivilizationsmean?TheGreatWall,theSummerPalace,theTempleofHeaven,theThirteenTombsoftheMingDynastyandsoon.Itmeansancientbuildings,culturesandcountriesthatnolongerexisted.Wherearetheplacesinthepictures?Whathaveyouknownaboutthem?PompeiiLoulanBackgroundknowledge
PompeiiLocationThesiteofPompeiiwaslocatedinwesternItalyinaregioncalledCampania,neartheBayofNaples.
Vesuvius(volcano)
On24thAugustAD79,thevolcano(Vesuvius)eruptedandlava,ashandrockspouredoutofitontothesurroundingcountryside.
Allthepeopleinthecitywereburiedalive.Loulan:GhostCityLoulanwasastoppingpointontheOldSilkRoad,connectingChinatoEurope.Initslifetime,LoulanwassituatedonthenorthshoreofLopNor(罗布湖)..Loulanwasabandonedinthesixthcenturyandwasgraduallycoveredbysandstorm.Theirmostsignificantfindingwasafemalemummy,the"Loulanbeauty"whosegoodlookswereundiminished1,000yearslater.
streetsinsteppingstonespaintings,bodiesofpeopleburiedalivehouseswithmosaicfloorstreasurecitywalls,palaces,workshops,towersandancientwatersystem1.Whatcountryistheauthorfrom?2.WhatisonemainsimilaritybetweenPompeiiandLoulan?3.WhowasmadedirectorofthePompeiidigin1860?4.WhoisProfessorZhang?Canada.Bothofthembecamelostcivilizationabout2,000yearsago.TheItalianarchaeologistGiuseppeFiorelli.Anarchaeologistfromthelocalculturalinstitute.AReadthediaryentriesquicklyandanswerthesequestions.Fast-readingDateArrangements15thJuly16thJuly17thJuly24thJuly25thJulyInItalywenttoalectureaboutPompeiisawtheancientcityofPompeii,betovisitthemuseuminNaplesarrivedinLoulanknewsomeinformationfromanArchaeologistProfessorZhangReading
C1
Howwelldidyouunderstandthedetailsinthediary?Readitagaincarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions.WhathappenedtoPompeiiinAugustAD79?2.Howwastheburiedcitydiscovered?MountVesuviuseruptedandlava,ashandrockspouredoutofitontothesurroundingcountryside.AllthepeopleinPompeiiwereburiedalive,andsowasthecity.Itwasdiscoveredinthe18thcenturywhenafarmerfoundsomestonewithwritingonit.Peoplestartedtodigintheareafortreasure,whichcausedmuchdamage.Soin1860,theItalianarchaeologistGiuseppeFiorelliwasmadedirectorofthePompeiidig.Careful-reading3.WhatwerethesteppingstonesalongtheroadinPompeiiusedfor?4.WhywasLoulananimportantcityabout2,000yearsago?5.HowdomanypeoplethinkLoulandisappeared?6.Accordingtothelastsentence,howdidtheauthorfeelaboutthelossofLoulan?Withthestones,peopledidnothavetostepinthemudinthestreetsonrainydays.BecauseitwasastoppingpointonthefamousSilkRoadbetweentheEastandtheWestItwasgraduallycoveredoverbysandstormsfromAD200toAD500.Shefeltthatitwasapity! 1Ifeelluckytohavewonaplaceonthistrip. (line2)2ThismorningwewenttoalectureaboutPompeii. (line7)3Unfortunately,allthepeoplewereburiedalive,andsowasthecity! (lines11-12)4Howamazing!(lines14-15) C2
Thewritersofdiariesoftenrecordfeelingsoropinions(emotions)aswellaswhattheyhavedone(actions).Dothesentencesbelowexpressemotions(E)oractions(A)?E/AE/AE/AE/ACareful-readingPeoplestartedtodigintheareafortreasure. (lines16-17)WhenIwalkedaroundthecity,Isawstreetsjustastheyhadbeen.(line19)Iamsoexcitedtobehere! (line35)8Svenfoundtheremainsofbuildingburiedunderthesand.(line39) E/AE/AE/AE/AD1Matchthewordswiththeirdefinitions.1.representing(line2)2.tookover(line8)3.erupted(line9)4.unfortunately(line11)5.Houses(line26)6.Wealthy(line32)7.Ruins(line42)8.Enormous(line44)A.(ofavolcano)threwoutlavaandashB.ActingorspeakingforagroupC.Sadly,unluckilyD.richE.PartsofabuildingthatremainafterithasbeenbadlydamagedordestroyedF.hugeG.TookcontrolofH.ProvidesspaceforBHACGDEFCareful-reading1thecity(line7)
2which(line17)
3there(line24)4it(line32)5that(line44)D2
Findthefollowingwordsinthetextanddecidewhattheyreferto.PompeiithefactthatpeoplestartedtodigintheareafortreasurenearPompeiiLoulanthefactthatthedesertwasonceagreenlandwithenormoustreesCareful-readingTask2Usethefollowingwordstocompletethispassage.Pompeiicivilizationstreasurecommercialarchaeologistvolcanosandruinserupted
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