2005年1月大学英语四级真题B卷

2005年1月大学英语四级真题B卷PartISectionAListeningComprehension(20minutes)Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconvers-ation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Example:Youwillhear:Youwillread."A)Attheoffice.B)Inthewaitingroom.C)Attheairport.D)Inarestaurant.Fromtheconversationweknowthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworktheyhadtofinishintheevening.Thisconversationismostlikelytohavetakenplaceattheoffice.Therefore,A)"Attheoffice"isthebestanswer.Youshouldchoose[A]ontheAnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.SampleAnswer[A][B][C][D]1.A)Themanlivesfarfromthesubway.B)Themanenjoystravelingbycar.C)Themanusedtoownacar.D)Themanisgoodatdriving.2.A)Shecan'tmeetTonysoearlyinthemorning.B)Tonycanchooseanothersciencecourse.C)SheapprovesofTony'sdecision.D)Tonyshouldcontinuetakingthecourse.3.A)Shehastostudyfortheexam.B)She'seagertowatchthenewplay.C)Sheisparticularlyinterestedinplays.D)Shecanlendhernotestotheman.4.A)Theywillattractfewerkidsason-lineeducationexpands.B)Theywillcontinuetoexistalongwithon-lineeducation.C)Theywilllimittheirteachingtocertainsubjectsonly.D)Theywillbereplacedbyon-lineeducationsoonerorlater.5.A)Moststudentsdon'twantjobsadvertisedinthenewspapers.B)Moststudentswouldliketoworkforanewspaper.C)Moststudentsfindajobbyreadingadvertisements.D)Moststudentsfindithardtogetajobaftertheygraduate.6.A)Finishhisassignment.B)Repairthewashingmachine.C)Turnthebasementintoaworkshop.D)Movethewashingmachinetothebasement.heardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally;whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.Therearealotofgoodcamerasavailableatthemoment--mostofthesearemadeinJapanbuttherearealsogood(S1)_____________modelsfromGermanyandtheUSA.Wehave(S2)_______________rangeofdifferentmodelstoseewhichisthebest(S3)___________________money.Afteranumberofdifferenttestsandinterviewswithpeoplewhoare(S4)_________________assessed,ourresearchers(S5)______________________withthedifferentcamerasbeingtheOlympicBYmodelasthebestauto-focuscameraavailableatthemoment.Itcosts$200althoughyoumaywellwanttospendmore--(S6)_______________muchasanother$200--onbuying(S7)_________________lensesandotherequipment.ItisagoodJapanesecamera,easytouse.S8)_________________________________________________________________whereastheAmericanversionsareconsiderablymoreexpensiveTheOlympicBYmodelweighsonly320gramswhichisquiteabitlessthanothercamerasofasimilartype.Indeedoneoftheothermodelswelookedatweighedalmosttwiceasmuch.(S9)__________________________________________________________.ALLthepeopleweinterviewedexpressedalmosttotalsatisfactionwithit(Sl0)___________________________________________________________________PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageONEQuestions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage.InatimeoflowacademicachievementbychildrenintheUnitedStates,manyAmericansareturningtoJapan,acountryofhighacademicachievementandeconomicsuccess,forpossibleanswers.However,theanswersprovidedbyJapanesepreschoolsarenottheonesAmericansexpectedtofind.In'mostJapanesepreschools,surprisinglylittleemphasisisputonacademicinstruction.Inoneinvestigation,300Japaneseand210Americanpreschoolteachers,childdevelopmentspecialists,andparentswereaskedaboutvariousaspectsofearlychildhoodeducation.Only2percentoftheJapaneserespondents(答问卷者)listed"togivechildrenagoodstart'academically"asoneoftheirtopthreereasonsforasocietytohavepreschools.Incontrast,overhalftheAmericanrespondentschosethisasoneoftheirtopthreechoices.Topreparechildrenforsuccessfulcareersinfirstgradeandbeyond,Japaneseschoolsdonotteachreading,writing,andmathemetics,butratherskillssuchaspersistence,concentration,andtheabilitytofunctionasamemberofagroup.ThevastmajorityofyoungJapanesechildrenaretaughttoreadathomebytheirparents.IntherecentcomparisonofJapaneseandAmericanpreschooleducation,91percentofJapaneserespondentschoseprovidingchildrenwithagroupexperienceasoneoftheirtopthreereasonsforasocietytohavepreschools.Sixty-twopercentofthemoreindividuallyoriented(强调个性发展的)Americanslistedgroupexperienceasoneoftheirtopthreechoices.AnemphasisontheimportanceofthegroupseeninJapaneseearlychildhoodeducationcontinuesintoelementaryschooleducation.LikeinAmerica,thereisdiversityinJapaneseearlychildhoodeducation.SomeJapanesekindergartenshavespecificaims,suchasearlymusicaltrainingorpotentialdevelopment.Inlargecities,somekindergartensareattachedtouniversitiesthathaveelementaryandsecondaryschools.SomeJapaneseparentsbelievethatiftheiryoungchildrenattendauniversity-basedprogram,itwillincreasethechildren'schancesofeventuallybeingadmittedtotop-ratedschoolsanduniversities.SeveralmoreprogressiveprogramshaveintroducedfreeplayasawayoutfortheheavyintellectualizinginsomeJapanesekindergartens.11.WelearnfromthefirstparagraphthatmanyAmericansbelieveA)Japan'shighereducationissuperiortotheirsB)Japan'seconomicsuccessisaresultofitsscientificachievementsC)JapanesepreschooleducationemphasizesacademicinstructionD)JapaneseparentsaremoreinvolvedinpreschooleducationthanAmericanparents12.MostAmericanssurveyedbelievethatpreschoolsshouldalsoattachimportancetoA)parentalguidanceB)problemsolvingC)groupexperienceD)individually-orienteddevelopment13.InJapan'spreschooleducation,thefocusisonA)tappingchildren'spotentialB)shapingchildren'scharacterC)preparingchildrenacademicallyD)developingchildren'sartisticinterests14.FreeplayhasbeenintroducedinsomeJapanesekindergartensinordertoA)enrichchildren'sknowledgeB)cultivatechildren'screativityC)broadenchildren'shorizonD)lightenchildren'sstudyload15.WhydosomeJapaneseparentssendtheirchildrentouniversity:basedkindergartens?A)Theycandobetterintheirfuturestudies.B)Theycanbeindividuallyorientedwhentheygrowup.C)Theycanhavebetterchancesofgettingafirst-rateeducation.D)Theycanaccumulatemoregroupexperiencethere.PassageTWOQuestions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Exerciseisoneofthefewfactorswithapositiveroleinlong-termmaintenanceofbodyweight.Unfortunately,thatmessagehasnotgottenthroughtotheaverageAmerican,whowouldrathertryswitchingto"light"beerandlow-caloriebreadthanincreasephysicalexertion.TheCentersforDiseaseControl,forexample,foundthatfewerthanone-fourthofoverweightadultswhoweretryingtoshedpoundssaidtheywerecombiningexercisewiththeirdiet.Inrejectingexercise,somepeoplemaybediscouragedtoomuchbycaloric-expenditurecharts;forexample,onewouldhavetobrisklywalkthreemilesjusttoworkoffthe275caloriesinonedeliciousDanishpastry(小甜饼).Evenexerciseprofessionalsconcedehalfapointhere."Exercisebyitselfisaverytoughwaytoloseweight,"saysYorkOnnen,programdirectorofthePresident'sCouncilonPhysicalFitnessandSports.Still,exercise'ssupportingroleinweightreductionisvital.AstudyattheBostonIfyouhavebeensedentary(极少活动的)anddecidetostartwalkingonemileaday,theaddedexercisecouldburnanextra100caloriesdaily.Inayear'stime,assumingnoincreaseinfoodintake,youcouldlosetenpounds.Byincreasingthedistanceofyourwalksgraduallyandmakingotherdietaryadjustments,youmayloseevenmoreweight.16.WhatissaidabouttheaverageAmericaninthepassage?A)Theyusuallyignoretheeffectofexerciseonlosingweight.B)Theyprefer"light"beerandlow-caloriebreadtootherdrinksandfood.C)Theyknowthefactorsthatplayapositiveroleinkeepingdownbodyweight.D)Theytendtoexaggeratethehealthfuleffectof"light"beer.17.SomepeopledislikeexercisebecauseA)theyfindithardtoexercisewhileonadietB)theydon'tthinkitpossibletowalk3mileseverydayC)theythinkitisphysicallyexhaustingD)theyfindconsultingcaloric-expenditurechartstroublesome18."Evenexerciseprofessionalsconcedehalfapointhere"(Line3,Para.2)means"TheyA)arenotfullyconvincedthatdietingcanhelpmaintainone'snewweightB)agreethatthecaloriesinasmallpieceofpastrycanbedifficulttoworkoffbyexerciseC)arenotsufficientlyinformedofthepositiveroleofexerciseinlosingweightD)partiallybelievedietplaysasupportingroleinweightreduction19.WhatwasconfirmedbytheBostonA)Weightreductionisimpossiblewithoutexercise.B)Evenoccasionalexercisecanhelpreduceweight.C)Controllingone'scalorieintakeismoreimportantthandoingexercise.D)Onecouldlosetenpoundsinayear'stimeifthere'snoincreaseinfoodintake.20.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthisarticle?A)Tostresstheimportanceofmaintainingproperweight.B)TosupportthestatementmadebyYorkOnnen.D)Toshowthemosteffectivewaytoloseweight.D)TojustifythestudyoftheBostonPassageTHREEQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Scratchythroats,stuffynosesandbodyachesallspellmisery,butbeingabletotellifthecauseisacoldorflu(~,~)maymakeadifferenceinhowlongthemiserylasts.TheAmericanLungAssociation(ALA)hasissuednewguidelinesoncombatingcoldsandtheflu(流感),andoneofthekeysisbeingabletoquicklytellthetwoapart.That'sbecausetheprescriptiondrugsavailableforthefluneedtobetakensoonaftertheillnesssetsin.Asforcolds,thesoonerapersonstartstakingover-the-counterremedy,thesoonerreliefwillcome.Thecommoncoldandthefluarebothcausedbyviruses.Morethan200virusescancausecoldsymptoms,whilethefluiscausedbythreeviruses-fluA,BandC.Thereisnocureforeitherillness,buttheflucanbepreventedbythefluvaccine(~-~),whichis,formostpeople,thebestwaytofighttheflu,accordingtotheALA.Butifthefludoesstrike,quickactioncanhelp.Althoughthefluandcommoncoldhavemanysimilarities,therearesomeobvioussignstolookfor.Coldsymptomssuchasstuffynose,runnynoseandscratchythroattypicallydevelopgradually,andadultsandteensoftendonotgetafever.Ontheotherhand,feverisoneofthecharacteristicfeaturesofthefluforallages.Andingeneral,flusymptomsincludingfeverandchills,sorethroatandbodyachescomeonsuddenlyandaremoreseverethancoldsymptoms.TheALAnotesthatitmaybeparticularlydifficulttotellwheninfantsandpreschoolagechildrenhavetheflu.Itadvisesparentstocallthedoctoriftheirsmallchildrenhaveflu-likesymptoms.Bothcoldandflusymptomscanbeeasedwithover-the-countermedicationsaswell.However,childrenandteenswithacoldorflushouldnottakeaspirinforpainreliefbecauseoftheriskofReyesyndrome(综合症)，ararebutseriousconditionoftheliverandcentralnervoussystem.Reyesyndrome.Thereis,ofcourse,novaccineforthecommoncold.ButfrequenthandwashingandavoidingclosecontactwithpeoplewhohavecoldscanreducethelikelihoodofCatchingone.21.Accordingtotheauthor,knowingthecauseofthemiserywillhelpA)preventpeoplefromcatchingcoldsandthefluB)thepatientobtaincheaperprescriptiondrugsC)thepatientbuymedicineoverthecounterD)shortenthedurationoftheillness22.WelearnfromthepassagethatA)over-the-counterdrugscanbetakentoeasethemiserycausedbyacoldorthefluB)onedoesn'tneedtotakeanymedicineifhehasacoldorthefluC)aspirinshouldnotbeincludedinover-the-countermedicinesforthefluD)delayedtreatmentofthefluwillharmtheliverandcentralnervoussystem23.Accordingtothepassage,tocombattheflueffectively,A)oneshouldtakemedicineuponcatchingthediseaseB)oneshouldidentifytheviruswhichcausesitC)oneshouldconsultadoctorassoonaspossibleD)oneshouldremainalertwhenthediseaseisspreading24.Whichofthefollowingsymptomswilldistinguishtheflufromacold?A)Asorethroat.B)Astuffynose.C)Adrycough.D)Ahightemperature.25.Ifchildrenhaveflu-likesymptoms,theirparentsA)areencouragedtotakethemtohospitalforvaccinationB)areadvisednottogivethemaspirinC)shouldwatchoutforsignsofReyesyndromeD)shouldpreventthemfrommixingwithpeoplerunningafeverPassageFOURQuestions21to25arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Leaddeposits,whichaccumulatedinsoilandsnowduringthe1960'sand70's,wereprimarilytheresultofleadedgasolineemissionsoriginatingintheUnitedStates.InthetwentyyearsthattheCleanAirActhasmandatedunleadedgasuseintheUnitedStates,theleadaccumulationworld-widehasdecreasedsignificantly.AstudypublishedrecentlyinthejournalNatureshowsthatair-borneleadedgasemissionsfromtheUnitedStatesweretheleadingcontributortothehighconcentrationofleadinthesnowinGreenland.ThenewstudyisaresultofthecontinuedresearchledbyDr.CharlesBoutron,anexpertontheimpactofheavymetalsontheenvironmentattheNationalCenterforScientificResearchinFrance.AstudybyDr.Boutronpublishedin1991showedthatleadlevelsinarctic(北极的)snowweredeclining.Inhisnewstudy,Dr.BoutronfoundtheratiosofthedifferentformsofleadintheleadedgasolineusedintheUnitedStatesweredifferentfromtheratiosofEuropean,AsianandCanadiangasolinesandthusenabledscientiststodifferentiate(分区)theleadsources.ThedominantleadratiofoundinGreenlandsnowmatchedthatfoundingasolinefromtheUnitedStates.InastudypublishedinthejournalAmbio,scientistsfoundthatleadlevelsinsoilintheNorth-easternUnitedStateshaddecreasedmarkedlysincetheintroductionofunleadedgasoline.Manyscientistshadbelievedthattheleadwouldstayinsoilandsnowforalongerperiod.TheauthorsoftheAmbiostudyexaminedsamplesoftheupperlayersofsoiltakenfromthesamesitesof30forestfloorsinNewEngland,NewYorkandPennsylvaniain1980andin1990.Theforestenvironmentprocessedandredistributedtheleadfasterthanthescientistshadexpected.Scientistssaybothstudiesdemonstratethatcertainpartsoftheecosystem(生态系统)respondrapidlytoreductionsinatmosphericpollution,butthatthesefindingsshouldnotbeusedasalicensetopollute.26.ThestudypublishedinthejournalNatureindicatesthatA)leaddepositsinarcticsnowareontheincreaseB)theCleanAirActhasnotproducedthedesiredresultsC)theUSisthemajorsourceofleadpollutioninarcticsnowD)leadwillstayinsoilandsnowlongerthanexpected27.LeadaccumulationworldwidedecreasedsignificantlyaftertheuseofunleadedgasintheUSA)wasintroducedB)wasdiscouragedC)wasprohibitedbylawD)wasenforcedbylaw28.HowdidscientistsdiscoverthesourceofleadpollutioninGreenland?A)ByanalyzingthedatapublishedinjournalslikeNatureandAmbio.B)BystudyingthechemicalelementsofsoilandsnowinNortheasternAmerica.C)Bycomparingthechemicalcompositionsofleadedgasolineusedinvariouscountries.D)Byobservingtheleadaccumulationsindifferentpartsofthearcticarea.29.TheauthorsoftheAmbiostudyhavefoundthatA)forestsgetridofleadpollutionfasterthanexpectedB)leaddepositsarewidelydistributedintheforestsoftheUSC)leadaccumulationsinforestsaremoredifficulttodealwithD)theupperlayersofsoilinforestsareeasilypollutedbyleademissions30.ItcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthatscientistsA)lacksufficientmeanstocombatleadpollutionB)stillconsiderleadpollutionaproblemPartIIIVocabulary(20minutes)Directions:Thereare30incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.31.Salariesforpositionsseemtobehigherthanforpermanentones.A)temporaryB)voluntaryC)optionalD)legal32.Mrs.gmithwassoabouteverythingthatnoservantscouldpleaseher.A)preciseB)particularC)speCificD)speCial33.HistemperandpersonalkyshowthathecanbecomeasoldierofthetopA)circleB)categoryC)gradeD)rank34.Therehasbeenacollisionanumberofcarsonthemainroadtotown.A)engagingB)composingC)involvingD)consisting35.NormanDaviswillberememberedbymanywithnotonlyasagreatscholarbutalsoasamostdelightfulandfaithfulfriend.A)friendlinessB)affectionC)kindnessD)warmth36.Scienceandtechnologyhaveinimportantwaystotheimprovementofagriculturalproduction.A)witnessedB)assistedC)attachedD)contributed37.Heneverarrivesontimeandmyisthathefeelsthemeetingsareuseless.A)conferenceB)inferenceC)preferenceD)reference38.Onlythosewhocantolosetheirmoneyshouldmakehigh-riskinvestments.A)affordB)endureC)sustainD)maintain39.Tendaysagotheyoungmaninfo~edhisbossofhisintentiontoA)rejectB)retreatC)resignD)replace40.Thoughshebeganherbysinginginalocalpopgroup,sheisnowafamousHollywoodmoviestar.A)professionB)employmentC)occupationD)career41.Ashehasourpratience,we’llnotwaitforhimanylonger.A)exhaustedB)wastedC)tornD)consumed42.TomorrowthemayoristoagroupofCanadianbusinessmenonatourofthecity.A)cooperateB)accompanyC)coordinateD)associate43.MostpeopleagreethatthepresentroleofwomenhasalreadyaffectedU.S.society.ithasaffectedthetraditionalroleofmen.A)AboveallB)InallC)AtmostD)Atlast44.ItisobviousthatthisnewruleisapplicabletoeveryonewithoutA)exclusionB)substitutionC)modificationD)exception45.Asoneoftheworld'shighestpaidmodels,shehadherface.forfivemilliondollarsA)despoiledB)measuredC)insuredD)assured46.Themachinelookedlikealarge,，old-fashionedtypewriter.A)clumsyB)trickyC)forcefulD)intense47.Withintwoweeksofarrival,allforeignershadtowiththelocalpoliceA)inquireB)registerC)consultD)profession48.I'menoughtoknowitisgoingtobeaverydifficultsituationtocompeteagainstthreestrongteams.A)awareB)consciousC)radicalD)realistic49,Hefoundthemediaattentionintolerableanddecidedtogoabroad.A)constantB)sufficientC)steadyD)plenty50,elephantsaredifferentfromwildelephantsinmanyaspects,includingtheirtempers.A)CivilB)TameC)CultivatedD)RegulatedPartIVCloze(15minutes)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaperYoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Wisebuyingisapositivewayinwhichyoucanmakeyourmoneygofurther.The61goaboutpurchasinganarticleoraservicecanactually62youmoneyorcanadd63thecost.Takethe64exampleofahairdryer.Ifyouarebuyingahairdryer,youmight65youaremakingthe66buyifyouchooseone67lookyoulikeandwhichisalsothecheapest68price.Butwhenyougetithomeyoumayfindthatit69twiceaslongasamoreexpensive70todryyourhair.Thecostoftheelectricityplusthecostofyourtimecouldwell71yourhairdryerthemostexpensiveoneofall.Sowhatprinciplesshouldyou72whenyougooutshopping?Ifyou_73yourhome,yourcaroranyvaluable74inexcellentcondition,you'llbesavingmoneyinthelong75Beforeyoubuyanew76,talktosomeonewhoownsone.Ifyoucan,useitorborrowittocheckitsuitsyourparticular77.Beforeyoubuyanexpensive78,oraservice,docheckthepriceand79isonoffer.Ifpossible,choose80threeitemsorthreeestimates.61.A)formLB)wayC)methodD)fashion62.A)raiseB)retainC)saveD)preserve63.A)toB)onC)upD)in64.A)singleB)simpleC)easyD)similar65.A)convinceB)examineC)acceptD)think66.A)bestB)mostC)properD)reasonable67.A)whichB)whoseC)itsD)what68.A)onB)forC)inD)with69.A)spendsB)lastsC)consumesD)take70.A)modeB)copyC)modelD)sample71.A)makeB)causeC)leaveD)prove72.A)layB)stickC)adoptD)adapt73.A)keepB)storeC)reserveD)decorate74.A)productsB)materialC)ownershipD)possession75.A)intervalB)periodC)runD)time76.A)equipmentB)applianceC)utilityD)facility77.A)goalB)taskC)functionD)purpose78.A)itemB)elementC)particleD)component79.A)thisB)whichC)whatD)that80.A)inB)fromC)ofD)byPartVWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteacampaignspeechinsupportofyourelectiontothepostofchairmanofthestudentunion.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelowinChinese.ACampaignSpeech1你认为自己具备是什么条件(能力，性格，爱好)可以胜任学生会主席工作，2如果当选你将会为本校同学做什么？B卷答案：PartⅠListeningComprehensionSectionA1.C)Themanusedtoownacar2.D)Tonyshouldcontinuetakingthecourse.3.A)She