江苏省连云港市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试卷（含听力）

江苏省连云港市2022-2023学年高二上学期期末英语试卷（含听力）一、阅读理解1.Whetheryouplantoheadouttothetheater,orsitonthecouch,ourcriticshavegatheredtogethertheirfavoritefilmsof2022.Youcansearchbygenreandwhereyoucanseeit.Haveatit!ThreeMinutes:ALengtheningBiancaStigter’sdocumentaryturnsthreeminutesofpre-WorldWarIIvacationvideointoa69-minutedetectivestory.It’sfascinatingandexhaustive—butneverexhausting.Thefilmbecomesanarrativeofdiscovery,anexplorationofmemoryandareflectiononlossandcinema.Genre:History,DocumentaryMoonageDaydreamAsacommittedmusicdocumentarywatcher,IwascompletelyunpreparedforthepuzzlingIMAXworldbuildingthatdirectorBrettMorgenbroughttohisauthorizedbiographyofDavidBowie.MorgenmadeafilmthatbothcelebratesBowie’smusicandconveystheintellectual,philosophicalandspiritualcurrentsofasplendidlife.Genre:MusicandMusicals,Documentary,BiographyRetrogradeFilmmakerMatthewHeinemenstayedinAfghanistanasAmericanforcesleftandtheresultisafascinatingportraitofatragedyinrealtime—theabandonedbasesandvillages,thefallofKabulbackintoTalibanhandsasrefugees(难民)fledtoanairportinchaos.Retrogradeiswarcinemacomingfromreality,poweredbytheresponsibilitytobearwitness.Genre:History,DocumentaryAlltheBeautyandtheBloodshedLauraPoitras’documentaryinterweaves(交织)theoriginstoryofphotographerNanGoldinwithhermissiontoholdtheSacklerfamilyaccountableforthedrugaddictioncrisiscausedbyitscompany,PurduePharma.Goldinattacksmajormuseums,forcestheSacklerstolistentothestoriesoftheirvictimsandremovestheSacklernamefrommuseumwalls.Genre:Biography,History,DocumentaryWhichfilmwillattracttheviewerswhoareinterestedinmusic?A．ThreeMinutes:ALengthening. C．AlltheBeautyandtheBloodshed. D．MoonageDaydream.Whatdothesefourfilmshaveincommon?A．Relatingtowars. B．Recordingrealevents.C．Tellingartstories. D．Describinghistoricalfigures.WhatisAlltheBeautyandtheBloodshedabout?A．Thecrisisofacompany. B．LauraPoitrasandhercareer.C．Thedeedsofaphotographer. D．NanGoldinandherfamily2.IamanAfricawildlifefilmmaker.ButwildlifefilmmakersfromAfricaarerarerthanmountaingorillas(大猩猩).Tounderstandwhytherearesofew,weneedtorememberourrecenthistory.Whenthecolonialists(殖民者)ruledAfrica,theyseizedcontrolofthecontinent’swildlifeandothernaturalresources.TheysawAfricanwildlifeas“biggame”andthecontinent’sfirstprotectednaturalareasweregamereservescreatedbydrivingawaylocalsforthebenefitofwhitehunters.Later,gamereserveswererenamednationalparksandbiggamehuntinggavewaytowildlifetourism.ButAfricanwildlifewasstillthereforWhitepeople’senjoymentandbenefits.Thatlocalscouldhaveaninterestinpreservingwildlifeforitsownsakewasrarelyconsidered.Africans-likemewhotriedtogetinvolvedinwildlifeconservationweremadetofeeloutofplace.WhenIwasfirstinterviewedbyaBritishfilmcrew,myinterviewwascutattheeditingstageandreplacedbyawhiteman,justbecauseIwasanAfrican.Africawasthesettingforsomeofthemostpopularfilmsaboutwildlife,butthesefilmsweremadebywestern-ownedproductioncompaniesforWesternaudiences,andmostAfricansneverevengottoseethem.WhatAfricaneededwastoseethemselvesandtheirviewpointsinthefilms.WeurgentlyneededwildlifefilmsmadebyAfricans,aboutAfricansandforAfricans.AsproducerofthedocumentaryTVseries“WildlifeWarriors”,IsetouttofindAfricanconservationheroeswhocouldplayaroleinthedocumentary.IsoondiscoveredthatwehadsometalentedAfricanfilmmakersacrossthecontinent.Todaythingsarechangingfast.CompanieslikeNationalGeographicandtheBBCareleadingthewaywithnewapproachestoglobalstorytellingthatdeliverdiversityandequality.OurAfricanwildlifefilmmakers’missionistodrawonthepoweroflocalstorytellingtoinspireourpeopletosaveourcontinent’srichwildlife.WhyareAfricanwildlifefilmmakersrare?A．Theylackthetalentinmakingfilms. B．Theyliveintheshadowofwesterners.C．Theyarestillcolonizedbythe D．Theyaren’tinterestedinfilmingwesterns. wildlife.Whatmessagedoesthecutofmyinterviewconvey?A．Thestrictnessofthecrew. B．ThepreferencefortheBritish.C．TheprejudiceagainstAfricans. D．ThebenefitsoflocalWhatcanwelearnfromparagraph4?ThelocalsenjoywildlifefilmssetinAfrica.Africansplayaleadingroleinwildlifefilm-making.C．Filmsmadebywesternersarethemostpopularones.D．AfricanslongforhavingasayinwildlifeWhatisthepurposeoftheauthorwritingthetext?TointroducehowAfricanwildlifeareprotected.TourgepeopletobetterpreserveAfricanwildlife.Toshowthattheauthorwasignoredbywesterners.ToexplainwhymoreAfricanfilmmakersareneeded.3.Smallchangesinatmosphericpressurecanstartalandslideincertainweatherconditions.Understandingwhywillhelpusassesswhichslopes(斜坡)areatmostriskoffailing.Justoveradecadeago,therewashugesurprisewhenitwasdiscoveredthattheoccasionalslidingoftheSlumgullionlandslideintheSanJuanmountainsofsouth-westColoradowascausedbychangesinatmosphericpressure.Weknewthatlandslidesareinitiatedbyearthquakesorheavyrains,buttheSlumgullionfindingsraisedthepossibilitythatchangesinatmosphericpressurecouldbesettinghillsidesonthemoveinotherplacestoo.Now,LucasPelasciniattheUniversityofRennesinFranceandhiscolleagueshavefedweatherandlandslidedatafromTaiwan-wheresteephillsidesandtyphoonsarearecipeforfrequentlandslides—intoalandslidemodel.Theyfoundthattyphooneventscangethillsidesreadybybringingheavyrainandincreasingthewaterpressureinthepores(气孔)betweengrains,buttheconditionoflandslidesdependsontheweatheroverthepreviousmonths.Themodelshowedthatheavyrainafteradryperiodpushesthewatertableupsuddenly,causingalargeandrapidchangeinporepressureandanimmediatelandslide.Atyphoon’srainfallingnoalreadysoaked(浸湿的ground,however,didn’tchangeporepressureenoughtocauseaslide.Afollowingchangeinatmosphericpressure—astheeyeofthestormpassesover,forexample—wasthenenoughtosetthingsinmotion.“Theatmosphericeffectwillonlyprovidethelastpushwhenrainfallcan’tsinkanymore,orwhenitisfasterandaffectstheslopebeforetherainfalldoes,”saysPelascini.Thefindingshelptoexplainwhysomelandslideeventsdon’toccuruntilhoursorevendaysafterheavyrainhasfallen.TheyalsoexplainwhyTyphoonMorakotin2009—Taiwan’sdeadliesttyphooninrecordedhistory-wassodisastrous.Thedryperiodbeforethetyphoonmeantthewatertablewaslowandresultedinalargeandverysuddenchangeinporepressure,whichimmediatelycausedmultiplelandslides.WhatisthecauseoftheSlumgullionlandslide?A．Theforceofearthquake. B．Thewarmthofclimate.C．Thechangeinairpressure. D．Thefrequencyoftyphoon.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“initiated”meaninparagraph3?A．Started. B．Limited. C．Disturbed. D．Changed.Whatcanbelearntfromthelandslidemodel?A．Heavyrainafteradryperiodcancausealandslide.B．Atyphoon’sraincanbeenoughtocausealandslide.C．Thelandslidemodelisbasedontheoreticalreasoning.D．Landslideshavenothingtodowiththepreviousweather.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．Earthquakesalwaysgiverisetolandslides.B．Airpressurechangescansetofflandslides.C．HeavyrainscausedtheSlumgullionlandslide.D．TyphoonMorakotledtothedeadliestlandslide.4.Willpowermightbekeytogettingoffthecouchtoexercise,butbacteriamaylendahelpinghand.Studiesinmicesuggestmicrobes(微生物)inthegut(肠道)maybebehinddifferencesinthedesiretoworkout.Toexplorewhysomepeopleliketoexerciseandothersdon’t,microbiologistChristophThaissstudiedmicebredtohavealotofgeneticandbehavioralvariation.Histeamfoundhugedifferenceinhowfarthemiceranonwheelsintheircages.Theactiveandlazymicedidn’tshowanysignificantdifferencesintheirgenetics.Buttheresearchersdidnoticeoneclue:Whentreatedwithantibiotics(抗生素),micethatwerenormallyhighlyenergetictendedtoexerciseless.Follow-upstudiesshowedtheantibiotictreatmentaffectedthebrainsoftheformerlyactivemice.Theactivityofcertainbraingenesdeclined,alongwithlevelsofdopamine(多巴胺),amateriallinkedto“runner’shigh”—thesenseofwell-beingthatcomeswithmoreexercise.Theteamalsofoundthat“bacteria-free”mice,whichlackgutbacteria,becomemoreactivewhengivensomeofthegutmicrobesfromenergeticmice.Itappearsthosebacteriasendasignalthatinterfereswithamaterialresponsibleforbreakingdowndopamineinthebrain,causingthematerialtobuildupinthebrain’srewardcenter.Willthefindingholdinpeople?Studieshavefoundthatmarathonershavehighlevelsofaparticulargutmicrobe,suggestinganexerciseconnectioninpeople.Andmuchworkhasprovedthekeyroledopamineplaysinmotivatingoverallbehavior.AsChristophThaissputsit,“Thisrewardsystemissuchacentralaspectofphysiologythatit’ssomethingalmostcertainlytrueinothermammals”—includinghumans.Whatmaycontributetothedifferenceinmice’desiretorun?A．Microbes. B．Brain. C．Gut.WhatcanweknowaboutdopaminefromtheparagraphA．Itaffectstheheightofrunningmice.Itcontrolstheactivityofcertainbraingenes.Itisproducedlesswhentreatedwithantibiotics.Itisthesenseofwell-beingcomingwithexercise.What’sthestructureofthetext?

D．Genes.①=para1 ②=para2 ③=para3 ④=para4 ⑤=paraA．①②—③—④⑤ B．①②—③—④—⑤C．①—②③④—⑤ D．①—②—③④⑤Whatfieldismorelikelytobenefitfromthestudy?A．Medicine. B．Chemistry. C．Food. D．Ecology.二、七选五Angeristhemostdestructiveemotion.Whenyouareinatemper,youmakeill-considereddecisionsthatyouwillprobablyregret. 1 Howtostopbeingangry?Herearefourwaysthatyoucanfightthecausesofanger.Firstly,youneedtochangeyourattitudetothewaytheworldworks.Youhavetoacceptthatsometimesthingsdogowrongandthatpeoplearenotalwayslovely.Theactionsofotherpeoplecanbeasignificantcauseofanger.Trytoacceptthatotherdobehaveinwaysthatwillmakeyoubothfrustratedandangry. 2Secondly,don’tdismissangerasabademotion.Thereareoccasionswhenangercanbedirectedinsuchawayastoachievegreatthings.MartinLutherKingwasangryaboutthelackofcivilrightsintheUSA.GandhiwasangryaboutBritishruleinIndia.Theybothusedthatangertomotivatethemselvestofightagainstwhattheysawasinjustice.Thirdly,reactingangrilyisahardhabittobreak.Butitisahabit,andhabitscanbebroken.Thetrickistoavoidreactingwhenfacedwithasituationthatusuallyangers. 3 Thisway,yourangerwillnotgettheemotionalfooditneedstosurvive.Fourthly,don’ttaketheeasywaywhenyougetangry.Weallgettemptedtothrowsomething,hitsomething(orevensomeone),orscreamwhenweareangry.Itismuchhardertostaycalm,towalkawayfromconflict,ortotakeadeepbreathandactnormally. 4 Bylearningcontrol,youcanbecomeamuchcalmer.Youwillbelikedandbetterplacedtoinfluenceothers.5 Thatcontrolwillcomeonceyouidentifywhatisattherootofyouranger.Makechangestoyourlifestyleandattitudes,andyouwillfindthatyouwillturnmuchlessoften,ifatall.Youneedtolearnnottorespondatall.Angerofthistypecanbeusedtofuelaction.Butthatiswhatyoumustdoifyouaretostopanger.Youwillalsoregretbadwordsspokenwithoutthought.Takepositivestepstowardssolvingthepresentproblem.Youmustrecognizethatangerissomethingyoucancontrol.G．Realizingthatno-oneisperfectisagoodstarttoavoidinggetting三、完形填空Onthefinaldayofmysecondyearofhighschool,Iwashitinthefacewithabaseballbat.Afterweeksinhospital, ,IreturnedhomewithabrokenThefollowingmonthswere .Itfeltlikeeverythingwasonpause.AndIbecamepainfully thatmyreturntobaseballwasnotsmooth.Afterayearofself-doubt,I nottoletmyinjurygetmedown.Ifthingsweregoingtoimprove,IknewIwastheone formakingithappen.WhenIbegancollege,I gettingmylifeinorder.Whilemypeersstayeduplateandplayedvideogames,I goodsleephabits.Inthe worldofacollegedorm,Ikeptmyroomneatandtidy.These wereminor,buttheygavemeasenseofcontrolovermylife.Istartedtofeel again.Iimprovedmy habitsandmanagedtoearnstraightA’s.Imadeitahabittoliftweights,andmybody fromafeatherweight170toastrong200pounds.Changesthatseemsmallatfirstwillcontributeto resultsifyouwiththemforyears.Mysleephabits,studyhabits,andstrength-traininghabits .Sixyearsafterthe ,IwasnamedtotheAcademicAll-AmericaTeam.1.A．positively B．slightly C．mercifully 2.A．tough B．secure C．peaceful 3.A．suspicious B．eager C．aware 4.A．hesitated B．determined C．afforded 5.A．admirable B．available C．suitable 6.A．agreedon B．focusedon C．endedup D．drew7.A．broke B．quit C．built 8.A．harmonious B．noisy C．tolerant 9.A．improvements B．contributions C．additions 10.A．discontent B．confident C．relaxed 11.A．study B．exercise C．food 12.A．ranged B．prevented C．transformed 13.A．disappointing B．ordinary C．contradictory 14.A．tookoff B．paidoff C．caughtup D．spedup15.A．injury B．victim C．threat D．disability四、用单词的适当形式完成短文阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Overtheyears,digitalcamerashavebeengettingsmallerandsmaller, 1 iteasierforpeopletosnapapicture, 2 nowresearchershavedevelopedtheworld’slargestdigitalcamera.It’sreallybeyond 3 (imagine)tothinkaboutitssize.Standingat1.65metresandweighingalmostthreetonnes,thecameraispowerfulenoughtosnap 4 imageofagolfballfrom15milesaway,andsensitiveenoughtospotobjects 5 are100milliontimesdimmerthanthosevisibletothehumaneye. 6 (name)theLegacySurveyofSpaceandTime(LSST),thecamerawillhelpscientiststostudyandrecord20billiongalaxies.Thecamerawillsurveythesouthernnightskyforadecade,creatingalotofdatathatscientistswillconsidertobetterunderstanddarkmatter.Darkmatterisa(an) 7 (visible)substancethatisthoughttomakeupalargepartoftheuniverse.TheLSSTcamerahastakenmorethansevenyears 8 (build)andcansuper-sharpimagesatincredibleresolution.Theimages 9 captureswillbesobigthatitwouldtake378ultra-high-definitionTVscreenstodisplayoneatfullsize.Atthemoment,engineersareperformingtestsontheLSSTcamera.Onceallthetests 10 (complete),thecamerawilljetofftoitsnewhome—anobservatoryhighintheAndesmountainsofChile.五、其他应用文假定你是李华，你的美国朋友Jack期两天的旅游攻略。内容包括：表示欢迎；日程安排；注意：80左右；请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。DearJack,Yours,LiHua六、读后续写9.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。It’seighto’clockonChristmasmorning,andmydadsayshewantstolistentothenews.My11-year-oldselfiswonderingwhyonEarthgrown-upswouldbeinterestedinthenewswhenthereareimportantthingstobedone,suchashandingoutpresents.And