南京农业大学外国语学院241英语二外历年考研真题汇编

目录

2009年南京农业大学241英语二外考研

真题

2008年南京农业大学241英语二外考研

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2007年南京农业大学241英语二外考研

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2006年南京农业大学241英语二外考研

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2005年南京农业大学241英语二外考研

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2004年南京农业大学241英语二外考研

真题

2009年南京农业大学241英语二外考研真题

2008年南京农业大学241英语二外考研真题

2007年南京农业大学241英语二外考研真题

2006年南京农业大学241英语二外考研真题

试题编号：221试题名称：英语二外

注意：答题一律答在答题纸上，答在草稿纸或试卷上一律无效

PartIClozeTest(20points)

SectionA

Directions:Readthefollowingpassagecarefullyandchoosethebestone

fromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDtofillineachblank.(10points)

Americanstodaybelievethatacceptablesocialbehaviorfollowseffortlessly

frompersonalvirtue.The1)______betweenmoralsandmannershasbecome

blurred(模糊).Allyouneedisagoodheart,mostpeopleassume,andthe

restwilltakecareofitself.Youdon’thavetowritethank-younotes.

ManyAmericansbelievethatnaturalbehaviorisbeautiful.The“natural”

2)______tohumanrelationspresumesthattoknowanypersonwellenough

istolovehim,thattheonlyhumanproblemisacommunicationproblem.

This3)______thatpeoplemightbeseparatedbybasicgenuinely

irreconcilable（不可调和的）differences---philosophical,political,or

religious---andassumesthatallsuchdifferencesare4)______

misunderstandings.

Indeed,ithasneverbeeneasiertoinsultpeopleinadvertently（非故意地）.

Agentlemanopensadoorforaladybecausehismothertaughthimthat

ladies5)______suchcourtesies,butthisoneturnsaroundandspitsinhiseye

becausehehasinsultedherwomanhood.Ayounglady6)______herseatina

crowdedbustoanelderly,frailgentleman,andhegivesheradirtylook

becauseshehasinsultedhismanhood.7)______you,thosearejustpeople

tryingtobenice;theonlyproblemisthattheyareoperatingondifferent

systemsofetiquette.

Curiously,ithasneverbeen8)______toinsultpeopleintentionally.Ifyou

say,“YouarenastyandIhateyou,”thepersonisapttoreply,“Oh,you’re

feeling9)______;I’llwaituntilyoufeelbetter.”

Theideathatpeoplecanbehave“naturally”withoutresortingtoanartificial

codetacitly（心照不宣地）agreeduponbytheirsocietyisassillyasthe

ideathattheycancommunicatebyusingalanguagewithout10)______

acceptedsemanticandgrammaticalrules.

1)A.instinctB.distinctionC.intuitionD.similarity

2)A.roadB.wayC.approachD.means

3)A.approvesB.deniesC.supportsD.disagrees

4)A.nomorethanB.notmorethanC.abitmorethanD.muchmorethan

5)A.dislikeB.approveC.thankD.appreciate

6)A.offeringB.offeredC.offersD.offer

7)A.MindB.WarnC.BewareD.Notice

8)A.betterB.easierC.worseD.harder

9)A.friendlyB.terribleC.disgustingD.hostile

10)A.superficiallyB.profoundlyC.commonlyD.individually

SectionB

Directions:Completethefollowingpassagewiththeappropriatewordsfrom

thebox,changetheformifnecessary.(10points)

constitute,efficiency,control,code,environment,effect,impact,shabby,

describe,straight,indirect,function,work,amateur,research

Foryears,somecompanieshavebeenattemptingtoincreasethe11)______

ofemployeesbyprescribingdressandestablishingdress12)______.Mostof

theseschemeshaveprovedineffectivebecausetheyhavebeencreatedby

13)______whodon’tunderstandtheeffectclothinghasonthework

14)______.Dresscodescan15)______,buttheassumptionthatclothinghas

amajor,continuing16)______ontheweareriserroneous.True,youmay

feel17)______whenyouwearshabbyclothes,andyourmorale(精神)may

perkup（振作）abitwhenyousplurgeonanexpensivetie.Butclothing

mostsignificantlyaffectsthepeoplewhomthewearermeetsand,inthelong

run,affectstheweareronly18)______becauseitcontrolsthereactionofthe

worldtohim.My19)______showsthatinmostbusinesssituationsthe

wearerisnotdirectlyaffectedbyhisclothing,andthattheeffectofclothing

onotherpeopleismainly20)______bythesocioeconomiclevelofthe

clothing.

PartIIReadingComprehension(40points)

Directions:Eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestionsor

incompletesentences.Foreachquestionorsentencetherearefouranswersor

choicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Readthepassagecarefullyandchoosethebest

answerorchoicetoeachofthequestionsorsentences.

Passage1

Inbusinesssettings,thehandshakethatconnotesconfidence,sincerityand

opennessgoeslikethis:righthandextendedandvertical,afirmbutnota

crushinggrip,andinTexas,threeorfourfullpumpsupanddown.Onthe

EastCoast,it'sthreetofiveshorter,quickerpumps.AndinCalifornia,it's

oneortwoquickpumps--anythingmorethanthatisjusttoomuch.

SosayscommunicationsspecialistPattiWood,whotrainsbusinessmenand

publicspeakersonimprovingtheirpresentationskills,andwhofrequently

interpretsthebodylanguageoftherichandpowerfulforthemedia.

"It'snotthefirmnesssomuchasthefactthatthepalmofyourhandhasfull

contactwiththepalmoftheotherperson'shand,"Woodsays.

Shearguesthatittakes90secondsforsomeonetoformulateanopinion

aboutanotherpersonbasedonfirstimpressions.

Inbusiness,whetherit'smakingasalespitch,buildingclienteleorcreating

rapportwithco-workers,bossesoremployees,thosefirst90secondsare

crucialandhardtoerase.ElissaFoster,communicationsprofessoratthe

UniversityofTexas-SanAntonio,agrees.

"Mosthiringdecisionsaremadewithinthefirst10secondsofameeting,

beforeyouevensitandtalk,"Woodsaid.

"Nomatterwhatapersonsaysafterthose10seconds,theinterviewerspends

theirtimesayingtothemselves,'Iwasright,'lookingforinformationto

confirmtheirfirstimpression."

Woodadvisesjobcandidatestosmilesincerelyastheygiveafirmand

formalequal-powerhandshake,bothatthebeginningandtheclosingofan

interview.

"Becauseevenifyoudon'tthinkyoudidwell,youwanttofacethatperson,

smileandgivethemagoodhandshake,"shesaid."Youcansaveabad

interviewwithagoodhandshake."

21.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothefirst

paragraph?

A.Handshakecanshowyourconfidence,sincerityandopenness.

B.Itisadvisabletogiveahandshakebygraspingother’shandfirmly.

C.Handshakeinbusinessvariesfromplacetoplace.

D.Aproperhandshakeisaquickshakewiththreeorfourfingers.

22.Inthesentence“thosefirst90secondsarecrucialandhardtoerase”(Par.

5),“erase”heremeans______.

A.passB.endureC.forgetD.remember

23.Inthejobinterview,mostinterviewersmakethehiringdecision______.

A.basedonthefirstimpressionofnomorethan10seconds

B.afterthecontactwithyoufor90seconds

C.afteryoufinishyourtalk

D.afterTheygetsmoreinformation

24.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisimpliedinthepassage?

A.Duringtheinterview,theinterviewerspaynoattentiontothejob

candidatesbutlookforproofoftheirdecision.

B.Youshouldgivehandshakeatthebeginningandtheclosingofthe

meeting.

C.Whileshakinghands,youshouldsmileandkeepaneyecontactwiththe

interview.

D.Youmaygetanotherchanceforthejobifyougiveagoodhandshakeafter

youfailintheinterview.

25.Thetopicofthepassageis______.

A.ProperBodyLanguage

B.AGoodHandshake

C.ASuccessfulInterview

D.AnEffectiveCommunication

Passage2

Peoplehavewonderedforalongtimehowtheirpersonalitiesandbehaviors

areformed.Itisnoteasytoexplainwhyonepersonisintelligentandanother

isnot,orwhyoneiscooperativeandanotheriscompetitive.

Socialscientistsare,ofcourse,extremelyinterestedinthesetypesof

questions.Theywanttoexplainwhywepossesscertaincharacteristicsand

exhibitcertainbehaviors.Therearenoclearanswersyet,buttwodistinct

schoolsofthoughtonthematterhavedeveloped.Asonemightexpect,the

twoapproachesareverydifferentfromoneanother,andthereisagreatdeal

ofdebatebetweenproponents(支持者)ofeachtheory.Thecontroversyis

oftenreferredtoas“nature/nurture”.

Thosewhosupportthe“nature”sideoftheconflictbelievethatour

personalitiesandbehaviorpatternsarelargelydeterminedbybiologicaland

geneticfactors.Thatourenvironmenthaslittle,ifanything,todowithour

abilities,characteristicsandbehavioriscentraltothistheory.Takentoan

extreme,thistheorymaintainsthatourbehaviorispredeterminedtosucha

degreethatwearealmostcompletelygovernedbyourinstincts.

Proponentsofthe“nurture”theory,or,astheyareoftencalled,behaviorists

(行为主义者),claimedthatourenvironmentismoreimportantthanour

biologicallybasedinstinctsindetermininghowwewillact.Abehaviorist,B.

F.Skinner,seeshumansasbeingswhosebehaviorisalmostcompletely

shapedbytheirsurroundings.Thebehaviorists’viewofthehumanbeingis

quitemechanistic;theymaintainthat,likemachines,humansrespondto

environmentalstimuli(刺激)asthebasisoftheirbehavior.

Eitherofthesetheoriescannotyetfullyexplainhumanbehavior.Infact,itis

quitelikelythatthekeytoourbehaviorliessomewherebetweenthesetwo

extremes.Thatthecontroversywillcontinueforalongtimeiscertain.

26.Whichofthefollowingstatementswouldthesupportersofthe“nature”

theoryagreewith?

A.Aperson’sinstinctshavelittleeffectonhisactions.

B.Environmentisimportantindeterminingaperson’sbehaviorand

personality.

C.Biologicalreasonshaveastronginfluenceonhowweact.

D.Thebehaviorists’viewcorrectlyexplainshowweact.

27.Whichoneofthefollowingstatementswouldtheproponentsofthe

“nurture”theoryagreewith?

A.Person’scharacterisgreatlyinfluencedbyhisenvironment.

B.Behavioristtheoryisnotcorrect.

C.Biologicallybasedinstinctsareimportantinhowweact.

D.Environmenthaslittletodowithbehavior.

28.Skinner.

A.supportsthenaturetheory

B.believesintheimportanceofgenesindeterminingpersonality

C.thinkstheenvironmentplaysanimportantroleindeterminingcharacter

D.believesinstinctsgovernbehavior

29.Concerningthenature/nurturecontroversy,thewriterofthisarticle.

A.supportsthenaturetheory

B.supportsthenurturetheory

C.believesbotharecompletelywrong

D.thinksthatthecorrectexplanationofhumanbehaviorwilltakeideasfrom

boththeories

30.IntheUnitedStates,BlackpeopleoftenscorebelowWhitepeopleon

intelligencetests.Withthisinmind,whichofthefollowingstatementsis

NOTtrue?

A.NatureproponentswouldsaythatWhitesaregeneticallysuperiorto

Blacks.

B.SupportersofthenaturetheorywouldsaythatWhitesscorewellbecause

theyhaveasuperiorenvironment.

C.BehavioristswouldsaythatBlacksoftenlacktheeducationaland

environmentaladvantagesthatWhitesenjoy.

D.NurtureproponentswoulddisagreethatBlacksarebiologicallyinferiorto

Whites.

Passage3

InBritaintoday,isitpossibletotellaperson’sclassjustbylookingathim?

Physicaldetailsalonetellusabouthealthy,dietandtypeofworkdone.A

hundredyearsagotheworkingclassveryoftenlookedunhealthy,smalland

waseithertoothinortoofat.Theupperclasseswereoftentall,sportingtypes

whowereusedtoagooddietandlookedhealthy.Todaylivingandworking

conditionshaveimproved,andsuchdescriptionswouldnolongerbesotrue.

Peoplearetallernowthanahundredyearsago.EveryoneinBritaintodayis

abletohavefreemedicine,agooddiet,acceptableworkingconditionsand

enoughrestandleisure.

Theclothespeoplechoosetowear,however,doprovideinformationabout

theirbackground.Themostobviouswayinwhichthebackgroundisshown

byclothesisfortheamountofmoneyspentonthem.Expensiveclotheslook

expensiveandshowtheirwearerhasmoney.Clothescanprovideotherclues

aswell.Theupperclassesappeartobelessinterestedinfashionandwear

goodqualityclothesinnon-brightcolors,madeofnaturalmateriallikewool,

leatherorcotton.Lowerworkingclasspeopleoftenchooseclothesinbright

colors,madeofman-madematerial.Asociologicalexplanationforthis

wouldbethatcolorandinterestaremissingfromtheirlives,andtherefore

anyopportunitytointroducethisistaken.

Clothesareavailableatapricewithinmostpeople’sreach.Newclothes

makethewearerfeelgood,andshowsomedegreeofwealthtotheoutside

world.Todayitistheyoungerpeoplewhospendmostmoneyonclothes.

Fashionisnolongerfortheupperclassesandrich.Youngpeoplefromall

socialclassesspendalotofmoneyonclothes.Somenewfashionsarestarted

bythelowerworkingclasspeoplewhowanttolookdifferentandfeel

important.Theywantpeopletolookatthem.

31.Inthepast,one’sappearancecouldnottellusabouthis.

A.habitB.dietC.healthD.occupation

32.Theclothespeoplechoosetowearcantellusabouttheir.

A.educationB.occupationC.hobbyD.background

33.Theupperclassestendtowearclothes.

A.infashionB.inbrightcolors

C.indark-colorclothesD.ofman-madematerial

34.Thelowerworkingclasspeoplestartthenewfashionbecause.

A.theywanttolookdifferentandhealthy

B.theywanttoshowtheirdistinctions

C.theywanttoshowtheirwealth

D.theywanttoshowtheirtaste

35.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?

A.Expensiveclotheslookexpensiveandshowthewearerhasmoney.

B.Thelowerworkingclasspeoplepreferclothesinbrightcolorsbecause

theylackcolorsintheirlives.

C.Today,itisstilltheupperclasspeoplewhospendmostmoneyonclothes.

D.Today,fashionisnolongerfortheupperclassesandtherich.

Passage4

DistancelearningisrapidlybecominganintegralpartofAmerica'seducation

system.Moreandmoreuniversitiesareofferingcoursesthroughtechnology-

enabledlearning,andtheproliferationoftheseopportunitiesispushingthe

boundariesofconventionalteachingandlearning.

AsNancyKnowlton,presidentandchiefoperatingofficerofSMART

TechnologiesInc.,observes,"Distanceeducationwillsoonbeafundamental

partoflearningatalllevelsthroughmultiplemodesofdelivery."According

toKnowlton,thistrendisdirectlytiedtoadvancesininteractivetechnology

andagrowingcomfortlevelusingit."Technologyisbecomingincreasingly

easiertouse.Electronicteachingtoolsaremuchmorestableandnolonger

requireconstanttechnicalsupport."Sheadds,"Peoplearealsomore

technologysavvy.They'reabletotroubleshootproblemsandsolvemore

technicalissuesontheirown,makingteachingwithtechnologyanattractive

andviableoption."

SMARTisapioneerincreatingproductsthatactivelysupportdistance

collaborationandlearning.Forexample,theSMARTBoardisaninteractive

whiteboardthatcanbehookeduptoacomputerandanLCDprojector,

enablingteacherstodisplayandcontrolcomputerapplicationsfromthe

Board'stouch-sensitivesurface.Studentsandteachersareabletowritenotes

overtopofapplicationsandthensave,e-mail,orpostthemontheWeb.The

Boards,whichrangeinsizefrom47inchesto72inchesdiagonally,delivera

bright,easy-to-seeimageinrealtimeusingconferencingsoftware.This

allowsanentireclasstoviewandinteractwithinformationpresentedduring

theclass--nomatterwherethey'regeographicallylocatedinrelationtothe

personconductingtheseminarorlecture.

Acertaininfrastructuremustbeinplacetodeliverdistanceeducation

courses.Inshort,therearetwonecessarycomponents:1)Audio,sothat

remotestudentscanlistenandparticipateinclassdiscussions;and2)Adata

streamthatenablesstudentstoviewclassnotesandinteractwiththe

instructor.Therefore,distanceeducationclassesmusthaveaccessto

technologiessuchascomputers,SMARTBoards,long-distancetelephone

services,andaudio-conferencingequipment.Additionally,technical

assistanceandsupportforbothinstructorsandstudentswillhelptoensurea

seamless,hassle-freedeliveryofcoursematerial.

What'snextonthehorizon?"Wepredictthatamorediversespectrumof

educationalinstitutionswillimplementdistanceeducationaspartofan

enhancedcurriculum,"saysKnowlton.Shealsoacknowledgesthe

opportunityfordistanceeducationprogramstohelpbridgeuniversitieswith

thegreatercommunity.AsKnowltondescribes,"We'rebeginningtosee

universitiesusethesetechnologiestocollaboratewithcorporationsand

researchinstitutionsaroundtheworld.It'sredefiningthewaywethinkabout

education--theboundariesarelimitless."

36.Accordingtothepassage,thetrendofdistancelearningisattributedtoall

thefollowingexcept______.

A.theimprovementofthetechnology

B.thepopularizationofthecomputer

C.theconvenienceitprovidesforteachingandlearning

D.thegreatdemandforeducation

37.TheSMARTBoardisone______

A.fortheteachertodisplayhisinstructiontothestudents

B.forthestudentstosaveinformationdisplayedbytheteacher

C.fortheteacherandstudentstoshowwhattheywanttoshowtoeachother

D.fortheteacherandstudentstotalkwitheachotheroverdistance

38.Whichofthefollowingdevicesisresponsibleforthefunctionofkeeping

studentscommunicatingwitheachother?

A.Audio-conferencingequipmentB.Adatastream

C.Touch-sensitivesurfaceD.LCDprojector

39.Accordingtotheauthor,thehorizonofeducationisonethat______.

A.offersmoredistanceeducationforenhancedcurriculum

B.offersmoreopportunitiesofeducationtoremotecommunities

C.offersmorecooperationwithcompaniesandresearchinstitutions

D.Alloftheabove

40.Thesentence“Peoplearealsomoretechnologysavvy”means______.

A.peoplearealsomoreslavesoftechnologythanmasters

B.peoplearealsomorefamiliarwithtechnology

C.peoplearealsomoredependentontechnology

D.peoplearealsomoreindependentoftechnology

PartIIIShortAnswerQuestions(10Points)

Directions:Inthissectionthereisashortpassagewithfivequestions.Read

thepassagecarefullyandthenanswerthequestionsinthefewestpossible

words(notexceeding15words).

Poorcountriesarefailingintheireffortstostopavianflufromspreadingto

humans.Yesterday,Indonesiandoctorsreportedaneighthhumandeathfrom

thediseaseinthatcountry;ifconfirmed,itwouldbethe68thavianfludeath

worldwide.InBangladesh,wehaveyettoseethevirusonourpoultryfarms.

Whenwedo,wewillhavetoconfrontthesamepublichealthcrisisthat

Indonesiaandothercountriesfacenow.

ThegovernmentofBangladeshhasprudentlybannedtheimportofpoultry

fromallcountriesthathavedeclaredbirdfluoutbreaks,aswellasfromafew

countriesthataresuspectedofcoveringupoutbreaks.Butbecausethevirus

canalsobespreadbymigratorybirds,itseemsinevitablethatitwill

eventuallyreachBangladesh.Andweintheindustryknowthatvaccinating

chickens,asIndonesiahasdoneandChinanowproposestodo,willnot

preventhumandeaths.

First,fluvirusesmutate(变异)frequently;aparticularvaccinemaymatchthe

fieldvirusforjustafewmonths,afterwhichitwillbelesseffective.And

evenwhenthevaccinedoesmatch,itispossibleforaninoculated(注射预防

疫苗的)flocktoincludeafewunprotectedbirdsthatreplicateenoughvirus

tospreadthediseasetofarmworkersandsurroundingfarms.Thiscan

happenbecauseworkersinjectingvaccinesdonotalwaysusethecorrect

techniquewhentheygrowtiredorbored;orbecauseevencorrectly

vaccinatedchickensmaynothaveanimmuneresponseiftheyare

malnourishedorstressedbycrowding.Becausethediseasewillkillonlythe

fewunprotectedchickens,itspresenceonfarmsthathaveusedthevaccine

maygounnoticeduntilfarmworkersorneighboringhouseholdsareinfected.

Thatisprobablywhyhumansarestillperiodicallydyingofbirdfluin

Indonesiadespitethevaccinationsthere.

ManyIndonesiansraisechickensintheirbackyardsorkeeppetbirdsin

cages.Ifthevirusspreadsamongthesebirds,theirhumanownerscouldbe

exposed,thusincreasingtheprobabilitythatapersoncouldbecome

simultaneouslyinfectedwithbirdfluandhumanflu.Suchaninfectionmight

resultinanexchangeofgenesbetweenviruses,whichcouldcreatethe

dreaded(andasyetunseen)pandemic（流行广的）fluvirus.Topreventa

pandemic（流行性疾病）,thetrickleofhumaninfectionsmustbestopped

beforeitbecomesaflood.

Thebeststrategyforstoppingbirdfluistocullallpoultryandpetbirds,even

healthyones,withinawideradius（范围）ofeachdetectedoutbreak.Butin

acountrylikeIndonesia,whereannualpercapitaincomeisonlyabout

$1,140,farmerswillnotkillhealthychickenswithoutcompensation.Andthe

Indonesiangovernmentcannotaffordtopayforhealthychickenstobe

culled.Sohumaninfections-andthethreatofapandemic-willcontinue.

Toavert（防止）this,NorthAmericaandWesternEuropeneedtohelp

Asiangovernmentspayforaneffectivebirdflueradication（杜绝）

program.Thiswillbeveryexpensive,becausefarmershavetobe

compensatedfordestroyingmillionsofhealthychickensinaffectedareas.

However,itwouldstopperiodicbirdfluinfectionsinhumans.

Questions:

41.Whatcausesbirdflutospreadacrosscountrieseveniftheimportof

poultryisbanned?

42.HowmanyproblemsarementionedinPar.3asregardtothemeasureof

chickenvaccination?

43.Ifapersonisinfectedwithbirdflu,whatmeasuresmustbeadopted

againstthespreadofthevirus?

44.Whatismostneededinpoorcountriesforthepreventionofthespreadof

birdflu?

45．Whatisthepurposeoftheauthorinwritingthisreport?

PartIVTranslation(15points)

Directions:PutthefollowingunderlinedsentencesintoChinese.

46．Thespace-ageresearchhasmanyusefulapplicationshereonearth.

Chronobiologists(时间生理学家)cantellyouwhentoeatandstilllose

weight,whattimeofdayyou’rebestequippedtohandlethetoughest

challenges,whentogotothedentistwithyourhighestthreshold（限度）of

painandwhentoexerciseformaximumeffect.Wingetsays,“It’sa

biologicallawofhumanefficiency:toachieveyourbestwiththeleasteffort,

youhavetocoordinatethedemandsofyouractivitieswithyourbiological

capacities.”

47．Somepeoplehaveabettersenseofhumorthanothersjustassome

peoplehavemoremusicaltalent,mathematicaltalentetc.thanothers.Atruly

funnypersonhasajokeforeveryoccasion,andwhenoneistold,that

triggers(引起)anentirestringofjokesfromthatperson’smemorybank.A

humorlesspersonisnotlikelytobethemostpopularpersoninagroup.Itis

reasonabletosaythatthetrulyhumorousindividualisnotonlywellliked,

butisoftenthefocusofattentioninanygathering.

48．Conventionalwisdomisthatthehighestmissionofacorporationisto

maximizeprofitsandreturntoshareholders.Thatisamyth.Ithasneverbeen

true.Profitisjustmoney---amediumofexchange.Youalwaystradeitfor

somethingelse.Soprofitsarenotanend;theyareameanstoanend.My

philosophyisthis:Wedon’trunbusinesstoearnprofits.Weearnprofitsto

runourbusiness.

49．Happypeopleusuallyhavegoodopinionsofthemselves:Theybelieve

themselvestobemoreethical,moreintelligent,lessprejudiced,betterableto

getalongwithothers,andhealthierthantheaverageperson.Happypeople

typicallyfeelpersonalcontrol.Feelingempoweredratherthanhelpless,they

alsodobetterinschool,achievemoreatwork,andcopebetterwithstress.

Deprivedofcontroloverone’slife---aphenomenonstudiedinprisoners,

nursing-homepatients,etc.---peoplesufferlowermorale（意志）and

worsehealth.Severepovertyisdepressingifitdestroyspeople’ssenseof

controlovertheirlife.

50．Manypeoplearebelieversintheirownimmunitytoadvertising.These

naïveinhabitantsofconsumerlandbelievethatadvertisingischildish,dumb,

abunchoflies,andinfluencesonlythemassesofthelesssophisticated.Their

ownpurchases,theythink,aremadepurelyonthebasisofvalueanddesire,

withadvertisingplayingonlyaminorsupportingrole.Butadvertisersknow

better.Althoughfewpeopleadmittobeinggreatlyinfluencedbyads,surveys

andsalesfiguresshowthatawell-designedadvertisingcampaignhas

dramaticeffects.

PartVWriting(15points)

Directions:Supposeyouaregoingtotakepartinaspeechcontestnextweek.

Nowyouarewritingaspeechofabout200wordsonthetopic“MannersAre

ofVitalImportanceonCampus”forthecontest,inordertoadvocateall

collegestudentsbehavingpolitelyoncampus.Thefollowingpointsshouldbe

included:

1．学校是个大家庭，我们期盼能生活在一个文明愉快的校园环境中。

2．首先我们应从个人做起，文明举止应先反映在宿舍里。

3．我们在教室、图书馆、食堂等校园公共场所应有文明举止。

2005年南京农业大学241英语二外考研真题

试题编号：221试题名称：英语（二外）

注意：答题一律答在答题纸上，答在草稿纸或试卷上一律无效

PartIClozeTest(20points)

Directions:Foreachnumberedblankinthefollowingpassage,thereare4

choicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Choosethebestoneandmarkyour

answerontheANSWERSHEETwiththeletterA,B,C,orD.

FormanyWesterners,theChinesedinnertableis“anunknownland”.There

areno___1_orknivesfortheWesternerstouse.TheChinesehostmakes

great,sweepingarmmovementsthatgooverlarge__2__ofthetablepassing

overbothfoodandfriendsalike.The__3__isfantastic,butitleavesmany

foreignersata_4__forwhattodo.InmostWesternrestaurantsandhomes

therearerulesabouthowtotalk,eatandsitthatarehighly_5__,andthey

createanatmospherethatiscompletelydifferentfrom_6__wefindherein

China.Inmychildhoodhome,dinnerwasenjoyedwithlowvoices,andthe

topicsopenfor_7__wereverymuchrestricted.Wewerenotallowedto

__8__anythingthatwaspotentiallyunappetizing.IfIhadtoleavethe__9__

tousethetoilet,Ihadtoverballyexcusemyselfwithoutmentioningwhatit

was__10__Iwasgoingtodo."__11__,please?Ineedtowashmyhands."I

wouldsay.

Everythingmustbedoneasquietlyaspossible.__12__,wehadtoeatwith

ourmouthsclosed.Ifanysoundwhateverwascreatedbyourintakeof

__13__orbeverage(饮料),itconstitutedbad__14__!Withthatinmind,it

was,ofcourse,unthinkabletospeakwithone'smouthfulloffood,so__15_

onlyoccurredbeforeorafteronehadtakeninfoodandswallowedit.

WhenaguestcomesfromtheWesttoenjoyamealwithyou,itwouldbea

goodideaforyoutoexplaintoyourguestwhatwill_16_atdinnerandto

findoutifaforkwouldbeeasiertouse_17_chopsticks.Inmytimein

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