2024届高考英语二轮复习：定语从句回顾课件

定语从句回顾在复合句中作定语，修饰名词，代词或整个句子的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句在句中的作用，相当于形容词。被修饰的部分叫做先行词，连接先行词及从句的词叫关系词关系代词先行词在从句中的成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语which物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物

译为‘....的’定语as人或物主语、宾语、表语Theboys[___________]__________(be)playingfootballarefromClassOne.Themanwhomyoumetyesterdayisafriendofmine.that可以指代人或物以下情况必须用that做关系代词1先行词是不定代词all,something,everything,anything等Doyouhaveanythingthatyouwanttosayforyourself?Youshouldhandinallthatyouhave.2先行词被theonly[唯一的]thevery[正是...]或序数词

、最高级修饰时用thatThisistheverypersonthatI’mwaitingfor.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatI’veeverseen.3先行词既有人又有物时Doyouknowthethingsandpersonsthattheyaretalkingabout?4避免重复

一个复合句包含两个定语从句，其中一个已经用了which.5主句的主语是疑问词who或whichWhoisthepersonthatisstandingatthegate?GuiLinisacitywhichhasahistoryof2,000years.Jimilikesthecatwhosetailisblack.whoare关系副词先行词在从句中的成分when表示时间或日期的名词，when翻译为在那时，在那天时间状语whyreason,原因状语where表示地点,翻译为在那里地点状语Hewillalwaysrememberthedaywhen/onwhichhisfatherreturnedfromAmerica.Idon’tknowthereasonwhy/forwhichhewasabsent[adj缺席的]today.Thisisthefactorywhere/inwhichheusedtowork.注意

关系代词that和who不用于介词后

介词+关系代词结构中的关系代词不能用that和who[放在介词后

指代人在定语从句做宾语或主语必须用whom]非限定性定语从句功能是补充说明先行词或者整个主句，形式上要与主句用逗号隔开，意义去掉从句后主句意思仍然完整，译法从句单独译成一句ProfessorSmith,whoismytutor[n.导师],hasgraduallyadjustedto

【适应】thelifeinChina.关系代词先行词在从句中的成分who人主语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物

译为‘....的’定语where表示地点的词地点状语when表示时间的词时间状语forwhichreason原因状语使用非限制性定语从句时的注意事项（1)which引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是某个单词，也可以是句子。①Hemissedtheshow,whichwasapity.他错过了演出，真遗憾。②Jacktoldmehewouldjointhepoetryclub,whichsurprisedmegreatly.

杰克告诉我他要加入诗歌俱乐部，这使我非常吃惊。③Heisodd,whichisknowntousallinourcompany.他很古怪，我们公司的人都知道。④Afive-year-oldboycanspeaktwoforeignlanguages,whichsurprisesallthepeoplepresent.一个5岁的男孩会讲两门外语，这令所有在场的人感到惊讶。(2)as引导非限制性定语从句时，先行词可以是整个主句。as引导的从句常置于主句前,也可以在句中或者句尾。Asisknowntoall,theMoontravelsaroundtheEarth.众所周知，月球绕地球运行。as引导的非限制性定语从句，常可看作固定结构：asis

knowntoall

众所周知asisoftenthecase

情况常常如此asissaidabove

如上所述asisreported

正如报道的那样asweallknow

众所周知asweexpected

正如我们预料的那样ashasbeenpointedout

正如已经指出的那样ashasbeensaidbefore

正如之前所说的那样（3）that不能引导非限制性定语从句。在非限制性定语从句中，用who,whom指代人，用which指代物。MrSmith,whoismyfriend,isajudge.史密斯先生是我的朋友，他是位法官。(4)在非限制性定语从句中，whom,which前面可以加some/many/all

of等修饰词，表示整体中的部分或所有。①Manypeople,someofwhomarenotoverweight,aregoingonadiet.许多人正在节食，其中有些人并不超重。②Ihavebeentomanybigcities,allofwhichhaveleftadeepimpressiononme.我去过很多大城市，所有这些都给我留下了深刻的印象。5)当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词、指示代词(this/that、these/those)修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制性定语从句。①TheGreatWall,whichiscalledinChinese"TheTen-Thousand-liGreatWall",isveryfamousintheworld.长城，汉语称为“万里长城”，在世界上非常出名。②Thisismyvideophone,whichwasboughtyesterday.这是我的可视电话，是昨天买的。（6)非限制性定语从句表原因时，不用why引导，而用forwhich代替why。Wecouldnotgivethereason,forwhichsomanypeoplewerewillingtotakeoutaloan.我们无法解释，为什么这么多人愿意贷款。(7)先行词是独一无二的事物时，一般用非限制性定语从句说明。Thesun,whichrisesintheeast,givesuslightandheat.太阳从东方升起，给我们带来光和热。非限定性定语从句不用that用who或which，且关系代词指代人在定语从句中做宾语时必须用whom,用于介词加关系代词结构中指代人必须用whom.，不用why,用forwhich代替why.Hehasthreesons,noneofwhomisanengineer.Hehasthreesons,butnoneofthemisanengineer.HerearesomeacademicexpertsfromAmerica,someof__________areouroldfriends.Ispottedthatsomeonebegandistributingfreefood,__________causedacrowdtogather.JimiisgoingtospendthissummerholidaysinShanghai,________shehassomefriends.We’llpostponethemeetingtillnextweek,___________wewon’tbesooccupiedwithourwork.Dr.Rex,_________secretaryresignedtwoweeksago,hashadtodoallhisowntyping._______isoftenthecase,hewaslateagaininthemorning,________madehisheadteacherannoyed.Theship,___________theycamehere,wasbroken.Thenovelisthaswrittenasciencefictionnovel,thename_______________Ihavecompletelyforgotten.whomwhichwherewhenwhoseAswhichbywhichofwhichItisafamilyof8children,all______________havegotamaster’sdegree。LucywasabsentfromMr.Smith’slectureyesterday,_____________sheapologizedtohim.因为这InancientChinalivedanartist__________paintingswerealmostlifelike[adj栩栩如生的].Wehaveenteredintoanage_____________dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof_________purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvatio