专题九非谓语动词

专题九非谓语动词中考总复习综合训练丛书连接中考非谓语动词在句中不可单独用作谓语，不受主语人称和数的限制，在句中可以用作其他句子成分。非谓语动词有三种形式：___________、_______和_____。动词不定式动名词分词一、动词不定式动词不定式在句中可以作除谓语以外的一切成分：主语、宾语、宾语补足语、主语补足语、表语、定语和状语。1.动词不定式作主语时，往往用it作形式主语，而把真正的主语（动词不定式）置于句末。常用句式：“Itis(not)＋adj.＋(for/ofsb.)todosth.”e.g.Toswimintheriverisdangerous.＝______________________________在这条河里游泳是危险的。It’sdangeroustoswimintheriver.2.作表语，往往置于连系动词be,seem等之后。e.g.Myjobis____________________.我的工作是照看我的妹妹。3.作宾语。常见的后面接不定式作宾语的动词有：agree,begin,start,decide,exanage,want,try,wish,forget,remember,helething_________.我有事要告诉你。tolookaftermysistertoclosethedoortotellyou5.作状语，表明目的、结果或原因等。e.g.Mylittlesisteristooyoung______________.我的小妹太小而不能上学。（结果状语）Heo__________________________.我请求他给我看看他的新词典。togotoschooltocomeintowritetometoshowmehisnewdictionary注意：（1）常接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有want,ask,tell,warn,wish,wouldlike,order,use,invite,get,allow,expect,encourage,hate等。但在使役动词（_____________）和感官动词（_________________________等）后，要把作宾补的不定式结构中的to省略。make,let,havesee,hear,watch,notice,feel（2）不定式可以和疑问词who,what,which,why,when,how,where等连用，构成“疑问词＋不定式”结构，通常用于下列动词之后：tell,teach,know,wonder,learn,show,findout,ask,understand等。e.g.Whentogotherehasn’tbeendecidedyet.什么时候去那儿还没定下来。（_______）Canyoutellmewheretoexchangethemoney?你能告诉我哪里能换钱吗？（_______）Theishowtotellherthenews.问题是该怎么把这个消息告诉她。（______）作主语作宾语作表语二、动名词动名词由“动词原形＋ing”构成，与现在分词同形。动名词既有动词的性质，也有名词的性质，可作主语、宾语、表语或定语。1.作主语________________________isbadforourhealth.吃太多垃圾食品对我们的健康有害。注意：动名词和动词不定式作主语，在许多情况下可以通用，但动名词作主语多表示抽象或多次的行为，不定式作主语则表示具体的或一次性的动作。2.作表语e.g.Mymother’sjob__________.我母亲的工作是做饭。Eatingtoomuchjunkfoodiscooking3.作宾语e.g.Idon’tmind__________thatstoryagain.我不介意再听一遍那个故事。注意：其后常接动名词的动词及动词词组有：finish,enjoy,ind,keeiss,avoid,suggest,beworth,havefun/difficulty/trouble(in),wastetime(in),can’thelember,try,stop,forget,hate,goon等。listeningtothesinginggroup【温馨提示】既可接动名词又可接动词不定式做宾语的动词有：______________忘了做过某事______________忘了去做某事（未做）__________________记得做过某事__________________记得去做某事（未做）____________尝试做某事____________尽力做某事______________继续正在做的事______________继续做另外一件事forgetdoingsth.forgetdoingsth.rememberdoingsth.remembertodosth.trydoingsth.trytodosth.goondoingsth.goontodosth.____________停止正在做的事____________停下来去做另一件事______________意味着______________打算做某事______________某事需要被做（被动含义）______________需要去做某事（主动含义）_______________后悔做了某事（已做）_______________后悔去做某事（未做）stopdoingsth.stoptodosth.meandoingsth.meantodosth.needdoingsth.needtodosth.regretdoingsth.regrettodosth.三、分词分词分为_________和_________。1.区别：（1）现在分词表示主动，过去分词表示被动。e.g.Theman_____________________isourteacher.站在窗户旁边的那个人是我们的老师。Thebuilding____________hasbecomeourlab.去年建的楼已成了我们的实验室。现在分词过去分词standingbythewindowbuiltlastyear（2）现在分词表示事物本身所具有的性质，意为“令人……的”；过去分词表达由外界引起的内心活动，意为“感到……的”。e.g.the_______news令人兴奋的消息the______look激动的表情常用的还有：interesting/interestedtiring/tired,surprising/surprisedboring/bored（3）现在分词表示正在进行的动作，过去分词表示已完成的动作。e.g.______leaves正在飘落的树叶_____leaves落叶（已落下）__________countries发展中国家_________countries发达国家excitingexcitedfallingfallendevelopingdeveloped2.用法：（1）作定语：单个分词作定语一般放在所修饰的词的前面，短语作定语通常放在所修饰的词的后面。e.g.Thequestion______________isimuststudyhard.作为一名学生，我必须努力学习。（原因状语）Heranoutoftheroom,______(cry)loudly.他大声哭着从房间里跑出来。（伴随状语）beingdiscussedexcitedBeingcrying（3）作表语。e.g.Themovieis__________.这部电影很有趣。Thedooris_______(break).门坏了。（4）作宾语补足语，一般用在see,hear,notice,feel,have等动词之后与宾语构成复合宾语。e.g.Isawacat_______(run)acrossthestreet.我看见一只猫跑过街道。Imusthavethebike________(repair).我必须找人修理自行车。interestingbrokenrunningrepaired注意：不定式与分词都可跟在某些动词之后作宾语补足语。不定式作宾语补足语表示动作发生的全过程;现在分词作宾语补足语，强调动作正在发生;过去分词作宾语补足语侧重于表示被动的概念。e.g.Whentheywentintotheschool,theysawsomeboys________football.当他们走进校园时，他们看见一些男孩在踢足球。（正在做）Doyouoftenseethem_____basketball?你常看他们打篮球吗？（全过程）Hesakehimself______clearly.他大声说以便让别人听清他的话。（他的话被听到）playingplayheard巩固练习I.根据句意，用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。1.Isiteasy__________(learn)aforeignlanguage?2.Mymotherwillneverallowme________(do)that.3.Jimfinished__________(read)thebooklastnight.4.Theyrefused__________(ybrotherexadeyou__________(think)so?7.IsawMary__________(sit)atthewindow,thinking.readingtodotolearntoprovidetovisitthinksitting8.Ginaremembered__________(close)thedoor,butitisoycousinislookingforwardto__________(enter)college.10.Doyoumind__________(wash)clothesfortheoldething.Youmustbehungry.closingenteringwashingtoanswertodohavingtoeat15.__________(drink)toomuchcoffeeisbadforyoursleer.BlackhasbeeninChinafortenyearsandnowheisusedto__________(eat)Chinesefood.17.Withoutglasses,Grandmahastrouble__________(read)thenews.Itseemstobewindytonight.19.It’simake)anoisewhenyouareeatingnoodles.20.Martinwassobusy__________(helejobatlast.Drinkingeatingreadingtoclosetomakehelping巩固练习II.单项选择()1.Wheneverwekidscomeover,AuntieSusanjuststandsthereandwatchesus_____surewedon’tbreakanything.(2017·河南)A.make B.made C.tomake D.making()2.—Ididn’thearyoucomeinjustnow.—That’sgood.Wetried_____anynoise,foryouweresleeake B.nottomake C.notmaking()3.—Jackhasn’ttakenhise.—Heisconsidering_____hisoretimeonhisstudy.(2017·湖北鄂州)A.todrop B.tothrow C.dropping D.throwing()4.TrytosingmoreEnglishsongs,andyouwillfinditinteresting_____aforeignlanguage.A.learning B.learns C.tolearn()5.—IthinkyoushouldstoinEnglish.—Isee.Hecan’tunderstandEnglishatall.LetmetryinFrench.A.talkingto B.totalkto C.totalkingto()6.aybeindanger.A.tomeet B.nottomeet C.meeting()7.LisaisalittlepooratChinese.Ithinksheneeds______iteveryday.A.practicetospeak B.topracticespeaking C.practicespeaking()8.Thehouseistoosmallforhisfamily______.A.tolivein B.livinginC.livein()9.—Wouldyoulike_____came?—I’dliketo.ButI’mbusydoingmyhomework.A.togo B.going C.go()10.—Canyouhele?Ihavesomedifficulties_____Jayind______here?(2017·黑龙江龙东)—Ofcoursenot.I’ll______mycigaretteatonce.A.notsmoking;oking;oke;putoff()12.—Where’sMr.Yang,doyouknow?—Well,it’shardtosay.ButIsawhim_____afootballgamejustnow.A.waswatching B.watching C.hadwatched()13.Johnwasma