2022年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷

精品文档-下载后可编辑年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷2022年1月大学英语四级(CET-4)真题试卷

PartIListeningComprehension(20minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhear10shortconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionwillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Example:Youwillhear:Youwillread:A.Attheoffice.B.Inthewaitingroom.C.Attheairport.D.Inarestaurant.Fromtheconversationweknowthatthetwoweretalkingaboutsomeworktheywillstartat9o’clockinthemorningandhavetofinishat2intheafternoon.Therefore,A)“Attheoffice”isthecorrectanswer.Youshouldchoose[A]ontheAnswerSheetandmarkitwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.SampleAnswer[A][B][C][D]

1.[1分]

A.TheyarebothanxioustotryItalianfood.

B.Theyarelikelytohavedinnertogether.

C.Themanwilltreatthewomantodinnertonight.

D.Thewomanrefusedtohavedinnerwiththeman.

2.[1分]

A.It’sonlyforrent,notforsale.

B.It’snotasgoodasadvertised.

C.It’sbeingredecorated.

D.It’snolongeravailable.

3.[1分]

A.Colleagues.

B.Husbandandwife.

C.Employerandemployee.

D.Motherandson.

4.[1分]

A.Shecontactsherparentsoccasionally.

B.Shephonesherparentsregularlyatweekends.

C.Shevisitsherparentsatweekendswhenthefaresaredown.

D.Sheoftencallherparentsregardlessoftherates.

5.[1分]

A.Thenextbusiscomingsoon.

B.Thebuswillwaitafewminutesatthestop.

C.Thereareonlytwoorthreepassengerswaitingforthebus.

D.Theycancatchthisbuswithoutrunning.

6.[1分]

A.Theassignmentlookseasybutactuallyit’squitedifficult.

B.Theassignmentistoodifficultforthemtocompleteontime.

C.TheycannotfinishtheassignmentuntilThursday.

D.Theyhaveplentyoftimetoworkontheassignment.

7.[1分]

A.Themanwillgotomeetthewomanthisevening.

B.Themanandthewomanhaveanappointmentat7o’clock.

C.Thewomancan’tfinishmakingthejambefore7o’clock.

D.Thewomanwon’tbeabletoseethemanthisevening.

8.[1分]

A.She’slearnedalotfromtheliteratureclass.

B.She’swrittensomebooksaboutworldclassics.

C.She’smetsomeoftheworld’sbestwriters.

D.She’sjustbackfromatriproundtheworld.

9.[1分]

A.Theexamwaseasierthanthepreviousone.

B.Joeissurethathewilldobetterinthenextexam.

C.Joeprobablyfailedintheexam.

D.Theoralpartoftheexamwaseasierthanthewrittenpart.

10.[1分]

A.Sheistiredofdrivinginheavytraffic.

B.Shedoesn’tminditastheroadconditionsaregood.

C.Sheisunhappytohavetodrivesuchalongwayeveryday.

D.Sheenjoysitbecauseshe’sgoodatdriving.

SectionBCompoundDictationDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfromS1toS7withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.ForblanksnumberedfromS8toS10youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthemainpointsinyourownwords.Finally,whenthepassageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhavewritten.It’sdifficulttoimaginetheseaeverrunningoutoffish.It’ssovast,sodeep,so(S1)________.Unfortunately,it’snotbottomless.Over-fishing,(S2)________withdestructivefishingpractices,iskillingoffthefishand(S3)________theirenvironment.Destroythefish,andyoudestroythefishermen’smeansofliving.Atleast60(S4)________oftheworld’scommerciallyimportantfish(S5)________arealreadyover-fished,orfishedtothelimit.Asaresult,governmentshavehadtoclosedownsomeareasofseatocommercialfishing.Big,high-techfleets(S6)________thateverythingintheirpathispulledoutofwater.Anythingtoosmall,orthewrongthing,isthrownbackeitherdeadordying.That’san(S7)________ofmorethan20millionmetrictonseveryyear.(S8)________.Insomepartsoftheworld,foreverykilogramofprawns(对虾)caught,upto15kilogramsofunsuspectingfishandothermarinewildlifedie,simplyforbeinginthewrongplaceatthewrongtime.True,(S9)________,thencatchtheminawaythatdoesn’tkillotherinnocentsealife.

11.[10分]

PartIIReadingComprehension(35minutes)Directions:Thereare4passagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageOneQuestions12to16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Likemanyofmygeneration,Ihaveaweaknessforheroworship.Atsomepoint,however,weallbegintoquestionourheroesandourneedforthem.Thisleadsustoask:Whatisahero?Despiteimmensedifferencesincultures,heroesaroundtheworldgenerallyshareanumberofcharacteristicsthatinstructandinspirepeople.Aherodoessomethingworthtalkingabout.Aherohasastoryofadventuretotellandacommunitywhowilllisten.Butaherogoesbeyondmerefame.Heroesservepowersorprincipleslargerthanthemselves.Likehigh-voltagetransformers,heroestaketheenergyofhigherpowersandstepitdownsothatitcanbeusedbyordinarypeople.Theherolivesalifeworthyofimitation.Thosewhoimitateagenuineheroexperiencelifewithnewdepth,enthusiasm,andmeaning.Asuretestforwould-beheroesiswhatorwhomdotheyserve?Whataretheywillingtoliveanddiefor?Iftheanswerorevidencesuggeststheyserveonlytheirownfame,theymaybefamouspersonsbutnotheroes.MadonnaandMichaelJacksonarefamous,butwhowouldclaimthattheirfansfindlifemoreabundant?Heroesarecatalysts(催化剂)forchange.Theyhaveavisionfromthemountaintop.Theyhavetheskillandthecharmtomovethemasses.Theycreatenewpossibilities.WithoutGandhi,IndiamightstillbepartoftheBritishEmpire.WithoutRosaParksandMartinLutherKing,Jr.,wemightstillhavesegregated(隔离的)buses,restaurants,andparks.Itmaybepossibleforlarge-scalechangetooccurwithoutleaderswithmagneticpersonalities,butthepaceofchangewouldbeslow,thevisionuncertain,andthecommitteemeetingsendless.

12.Althoughheroesmaycomefromdifferentcultures,they________.[1分]

A.generallypossesscertaininspiringcharacteristics

B.probablysharesomeweaknessesofordinarypeople

C.areofteninfluencedbypreviousgenerations

D.allunknowinglyattractalargenumberoffans

13.Accordingtothepassage,heroesarecomparedtohigh-voltagetransformersinthat________.[1分]

A.theyhaveavisionfromthemountaintop

B.theyhavewarmfeelingsandemotions

C.theycanserveasconcreteexamplesofnobleprinciples

D.theycanmakepeoplefeelstrongerandmoreconfident

14.MadonnaandMichaelJacksonarenotconsideredheroesbecause________.[1分]

A.theyarepopularonlyamongcertaingroupsofpeople

B.theirperformancesdonotimprovetheirfansmorally

C.theirprimaryconcernistheirownfinancialinterests

D.theyarenotclearabouttheprinciplestheyshouldfollow

15.GandhiandMartinLutherKingaretypicalexamplesofoutstandingleaderswho________.[1分]

A.aregoodatdemonstratingtheircharmingcharacters

B.canmovethemasseswiththeirforcefulspeeches

C.arecapableofmeetingallchallengesandhardships

D.canprovideananswertotheproblemsoftheirpeople

16.Theauthorconcludesthathistoricalchangeswould________.[1分]

A.bedelayedwithoutleaderswithinspiringpersonalqualities

B.nothappenwithoutheroesmakingthenecessarysacrifices

C.takeplacefftherewereheroestoleadthepeople

D.produceleaderswithattractivepersonalities

PassageTwoQuestions17to21arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Accordingtoasurvey,whichwasbasedontheresponsesofover188,000students,today’straditional-agecollegefreshmenare“morematerialisticandlessaltruistic(利他主义的)”thanatanytimeinthe17yearsofthepoll.Notsurprisinginthesehardtimes,thestudent’smajorobjective“istobefinanciallywelloff.Lessimportantthaneverisdevelopingameaningfulphilosophyoflife.”Itfollowsthenthattodaythemostpopularcourseisnotliteratureorhistorybutaccounting.Interestinteaching,socialserviceandthe“altruistic”fieldsisatalow.Ontheotherhand,enrollmentinbusinessprograms,engineeringandcomputerscienceiswayup.That’snosurpriseeither.Afriendofmine(asalesrepresentativeforachemicalcompany)wasmakingtwicethesalaryofhercollegeinstructorsherfirstyearonthejob—evenbeforeshecompletedhertwo-yearassociatedegree.Whileit’struethatweallneedacareer,itisequallytruethatourcivilizationhasaccumulatedanincredibleamountofknowledgeinfieldsfarremovedfromourownandthatwearebetterforourunderstandingoftheseothercontributions—betheyscientificorartistic.Itisequallytruethat,instudyingthediversewisdomofothers,welearnhowtothink.Moreimportant,perhaps,educationteachesustoseetheconnectionsbetweenthings,aswellastoseebeyondourimmediateneeds.Weeklywereadofunionswhowentonstrikeforhigherwages,onlytodrivetheiremployeroutofbusiness.Nocompany;nojob.Howshortsightedinthelongrun!Butthemostimportantargumentforabroadeducationisthatinstudyingtheaccumulatedwisdomoftheages,weimproveourmoralsense.Isawacartoonrecentlywhichshowsagroupofbusinessmenlookingpuzzledastheysitaroundaconferencetable;oneofthemistalkingontheintercom(对讲机):“MissBaxter,”hesays,“couldyoupleasesendinsomeonewhocandistinguishrightfromwrong?”Fromthelong-termpointofview,that’swhateducationreallyoughttobeabout.

17.Accordingtotheauthor’sobservation,collegestudents________.[1分]

A.haveneverbeensomaterialisticastoday

B.haveneverbeensointerestedinthearts

C.haveneverbeensofinanciallywelloffastoday

D.haveneverattachedsomuchimportancetomoralsense

18.Thestudents’criteriaforselectingmajorstodayhavemuchtodowith________.[1分]

A.theinfluencesoftheirinstructors

B.thefinancialgoalstheyseekinlife

C.theirowninterpretationsofthecourses

D.theirunderstandingofthecontributionsofothers

19.Bysaying“Whileit’struethat...betheyscientificorartistic”(Lines1-3,Para.5),theauthormeansthat________.[1分]

A.businessmanagementshouldbeincludedineducationalprograms

B.humanwisdomhasaccumulatedatanextraordinarilyhighspeed

C.humanintellectualdevelopmenthasreachednewheights

D.theimportanceofabroadeducationshouldnotbeoverlooked

20.Studyingthediversewisdomofotherscan________.[1分]

A.createvaryingartisticinterests

B.helppeopleseethingsintheirrightperspective

C.helpimproveconnectionsamongpeople

D.regulatethebehaviorofmodernpeople

21.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?[1分]

A.Businessmenabsorbedintheircareerarenarrow-minded.

B.Managersoftenfindithardtotellrightfromwrong.

C.Peopleengagedintechnicaljobsleadamorerewardinglife.

D.Careerseekersshouldnotfocusonimmediateinterestsonly.

PassageThreeQuestions22to26arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Newtechnologylinkstheworldasneverbefore.Ourplanethasshrunk.It’snowa“globalvillage”wherecountriesareonlysecondsawaybyfaxorphoneorsatellitelink.And,ofcourse,ourabilitytobenefitfromthishigh-techcommunicationsequipmentisgreatlyenhancedbyforeignlanguageskills.Deeplyinvolvedwiththisnewtechnologyisabreedofmodernbusinesspeoplewhohaveagrowingrespectfortheeconomicvalueofdoingbusinessabroad.Inmodernmarkets,successoverseasoftenhelpssupportdomesticbusinessefforts.Overseasassignmentsarebecomingincreasinglyimportanttoadvancementwithinexecutiveranks.Theexecutivestationedinanothercountrynolongerneedfearbeing“outofsightandoutofmind.”Heorshecanbesurethattheoverseaseffortiscentraltothecompany’splanforsuccess,andthatpromotionsoftenfolloworaccompanyanassignmentabroad.Ifanemployeecansucceedinadifficultassignmentoverseas,superiorswillhavegreaterconfidenceinhisorherabilitytocopebackintheUnitedStateswherecross-culturalconsiderationsandforeignlanguageissuesarebecomingmoreandmoreprevalent(普遍的).Thankstoavarietyofrelativelyinexpensivecommunicationsdeviceswithbusinessapplications,evensmallbusinessesintheUnitedStatesareabletogetintointernationalmarkets.Englishisstilltheinternationallanguageofbusiness.Butthereisanever-growingneedforpeoplewhocanspeakanotherlanguage.Asecondlanguageisn’tgenerallyrequiredtogetajobinbusiness,buthavinglanguageskillsgivesacandidatetheedgewhenotherqualificationsappeartobeequalTheemployeepostedabroadwhospeaksthecountry’sprincipallanguagehasanopportunitytofast-forwardcertainnegotiations,andcamhavetheculturalinsighttoknowwhenitisbettertomovemoreslowly.Theemployeeatthehomeofficewhocancommunicatewellwithforeignclientsoverthetelephoneorbyfaxmachineisanobviousassettothefirm.

22.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardhigh-techcommunicationsequipment?[1分]

A.Critical.

B.Prejudiced.

C.Indifferent.

D.Positive.

23.Withtheincreaseduseofhigh-techcommunicationsequipment,businesspeople________.[1分]

A.havetogetfamiliarwithmoderntechnology

B.aregainingmoreeconomicbenefitsfromdomesticoperations

C.areattachingmoreimportancetotheiroverseasbusiness

D.areeagertoworkoverseas

24.Inthispassage,“outofsightandoutofmind”(Lines2-3,Para.3)probablymeans________.[1分]

A.beingunabletothinkproperlyforlackofinsight

B.beingtotallyoutoftouchwithbusinessathome

C.missingopportunitiesforpromotionwhenabroad

D.leavingallcareandworrybehind

25.Accordingtothepassage,whatisanimportantconsiderationofinternationalcorporationsinemployingpeopletoday?[1分]

A.Connectionswithbusinessesoverseas.

B.Abilitytospeaktheclient’slanguage.

C.Technicalknow-how.

D.Businessexperience.

26.Theadvantageofemployeeshavingforeignlanguageskillsisthattheycan________.[1分]

A.bettercontrolthewholenegotiationprocess

B.easilyfindnewapproachestomeetmarketneeds

C.fast-forwardtheirproposalstoheadquarters

D.easilymakefriendswithbusinesspeopleabroad

PassageFourQuestions27to31arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Inrecentyears,Israeliconsumershavegrownmoredemandingasthey’vebecomewealthierandmoreworldly-wise.Foreigntravelisanationalpassion;thissummeralone,onein10citizenswillgoabroad.Exposedtohigherstandardsofserviceelsewhere,Israelisarereturninghomeexpectingthesame.Americanfirmshavealsobegunarrivinginlargenumbers.ChainssuchasKFC,McDonald’sandPizzaHutaresettinganewstandardofcustomerservice,usingstrictemployeetrainingandconstantmonitoringtoensurethefriendlinessoffrontlinestaff.EventheAmericanhabitoftellingdepartingcustomersto“Haveaniceday”hascaughtonalloverIsrael.“Nobodywakesupinthemorningandsays,‘Let’sbenicer,’”saysItsikCohen,directorofaconsultingfirm.“Nothinghappenswithoutcompetition.”Privatization,orthethreatofit,isamotivationaswell.Monopolies(垄断者)thatuntilrecentlyhavebeenfreetotaketheircustomersforgrantednowfearwhatMichaelPerry,amarketingprofessor,calls“therevengeful(报复的)consumer.”WhenthegovernmentopenedupcompetitionwithBezaq,thephonecompany,itsinternationalbranchlost40%ofitsmarketshare,evenwhileofferingcompetitiverates.SaysPerry,“Peoplewantedrevengeforalltheyearsofbadservice.”Theelectriccompany,whosemonopolymaybeshort-lived,hassuddenlymoppedrequiringuserstowaithalfadayforarepairman.Now,appointmentsarescheduledtothehalf-hour.ThegracelessElAlAirlines,whichisalreadyatauction(拍卖),hasretraineditsemployeestoemphasizeserviceandisboastingabouttheresultsinanadcampaignwiththeslogan,“Youcanfeelthechangeintheair.”Forthefirsttime,praiseoutnumberscomplaintsoncustomersurveysheets.

27.Itmaybeinferredfromthepassagethat________.[1分]

A.customerserviceinIsraelisnowimproving

B.wealthyIsraelicustomersarehardtoplease

C.thetouristindustryhasbroughtchainstorestoIsrael

D.Israelicustomerspreferforeignproductstodomesticones

28.Intheauthor’sview,higherservicestandardsareimpossibleinIsrael________.[1分]

A.ifcustomercomplaintsgounnoticedbythemanagement

B.unlessforeigncompaniesareintroducedingreaternumbers

C.ifthere’snocompetitionamongcompanies

D.withoutstrictroutinetrainingofemployees

29.IfsomeoneinIsraeltodayneedsarepairmanincaseofapowerfailure,________.[1分]

A.theycanhaveitfixedinnotime

B.it’snolongernecessarytomakeanappointment

C.theappointmenttakesonlyhalfadaytomake

D.theyonlyhavetowaithalfanhouratmost

30.TheexampleofElA1Airlinesshowsthat________.[1分]

A.revengefulcustomersareathreattothemonopolyofenterprises

B.anadcampaignisawayoutforenterprisesinfinancialdifficulty

C.agoodsloganhasgreatpotentialforimprovingservice

D.staffretrainingisessentialforbetterservice

31.WhydidBezaq’sinternationalbranchlose40%ofitsmarketshare?[1分]

A.Becausetheratesitofferedwerenotcompetitiveenough.

B.Becausecustomersweredissatisfiedwithitspastservice.

C.Becausetheserviceofferedbyitscompetitorswasfarbetter.

D.Becauseitnolongerreceivedanysupportfromthegovernment.

PartIIIVocabularyandStructure(20minutes)Directions:Thereare3.0.incompletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.

32.Suchcrimesmaybesocomplexthatmonthsoryearsgobybeforeanyone________them.[1分]

A.discovered

B.willdiscover

C.wouldhavediscovered

D.discovers

33.Though________inabigcity,Peteralwayspreferstopainttheprimitivescenesofcountrylife.[1分]

A.grown

B.raised

C.tended

D.cultivated

34.Thecarelessmanreceivedaticketforspeeding.He________havedrivensofast.[1分]

A.can’t

B.wouldn’t

C.shouldn’t

D.mustn’t

35.Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,theydon’tbotherto________theskillstheyneedtosucceed.[1分]

A.adopt

B.acquire

C.accumulate

D.assemble

36.IfI________harderatschool,Iwouldbesittinginacomfortableofficenow.[1分]

A.worked

B.weretowork

C.hadworked

D.wereworking

37.Theshopassistantwasdismissedasshewas________ofcheatingcustomers.[1分]

A.accused

B.charged

C.scolded

D.cursed

38.Allherenergiesare________uponherchildrenandsheseemstohavelittletimeforanythingelse.[1分]

A.guided

B.aimed

C.directed

D.focused

39.Whilecrossingthemountainarea,allthemencarriedgunslestthey________bywildanimals.[1分]

A.shouldbeattacked

B.hadbeenattacked

C.mustbeattacked

D.wouldbeattacked

40.Everyoneshouldbe________toadecentstandardoflivingandanopportunitytobeeducated.[1分]

A.attributed

B.entitled

C.identified

D.justified

41.Hiswifeisconstantlyfunding________withhim,whichmakeshimveryangry.[1分]

A.errors

B.shortcomings

C.fault

D.flaw

42.Vitaminsarecomplex________thatthebodyrequiresinverysmallmounts.[1分]

A.matters

B.materials

C.particles

D.substances

43.Apartfromcaringforherchildren,shehastotakeonsuchheavy________houseworkascarryingwaterandfirewood.[1分]

A.time-consumed

B.timely-consumed

C.time-consuming

D.timely-consuming

44.Annawasreadingapieceofsciencefiction,completely________totheoutsideworld.[1分]

A.havingbeenlost

B.tobelost

C.losing

D.lost

45.Thepolicearetryingtofindoutthe________ofthewomankilledinthetrafficaccident.[1分]

A.evidence

B.recognition

C.status

D.identity

46.Allhumanbeingshaveacomfortablezoneregulatingthe________theykeepfromsomeonetheytalkwith.[1分]

A.distance

B.scope

C.range

D.boundary

47.Wehaveplannedanexcitingpublicity________withouradvertisers.[1分]

A.struggle

B.campaign

C.battle

D.conflict

48.________thehelpoftheirgroup,wewouldnothavesucceededintheinvestigation.[1分]

A.Besides

B.Regardlessof

C.Butfor

D.Despite

49.________muchisknownaboutwhatoccursduringsleep,theprecisefunctionofsleepanditsdifferentstagesremainslargelyintherealmofassumption.[1分]

A.Because

B.For

C.Since

D.While

50.Johndoesn’tbelievein________medicine;hehassomeremediesofhisown.[1分]

A.standard

B.regular

C.routine

D.conventional

51.Owingto________competitionamongtheairlines,travelexpenseshavebeenreducedconsiderably.[1分]

A.fierce

B.strained

C.eager

D.critical

52.Theyalwaysgivethevacantseatsto________comesfirst.[1分]

A.whoever

B.whomever

C.who

D.whom

53.InAfrica,educationalcostsareverylowforthosewhoare________enoughtogetintouniversities.[1分]

A.ambitious

B.fortunate

C.aggressive

D.substantial

54.ProfessorWang,________forhisinformativelectures,waswarmlyreceivedbyhisstudents.[1分]

A.knowing

B.known

C.tobeknown

D.havingknown

55.Ourmanageris________animportantcustomernowandhewillbebackthisafternoon.[1分]

A.callingon

B.callingin

C.callingup

D.callingfor

56.Afireenginemusthavepriorityasitusuallyhastodealwithsomekindof________.[1分]

A.precaution

B.crisis

C.emergency

D.urgency

57.Hesaidthatthedrivermusthavehadanaccident;otherwisehe________bythen.[1分]

A.wouldhavearrived

B.musthavearrived

C.shouldarrive

D.wouldarrive

58.Thefilmprovidesadeep________intoawiderangeofhumanqualifiesandfeelings.[1分]

A.insight

B.imagination

C.fancy

D.outlook

59.Itishightimethatsuchpractices________.[1分]

A.areended

B.beended

C.wereended

D.mustbeended

60.Urbancrowdednesswouldbegreatlyrelievedifonlythe________chargedonpublictransportweremorereasonable.[1分]

A.fees

B.fares

C.payments

D.costs

61.Thedoctorhadalmostlosthopeatonepoint,butthepatientfinally________.[1分]

A.pulledout

B.pulledthrough

C.pulledup

D.pulledover

PartIVCloze(15minutes)Directions:Thereare20blanksinthefollowingpassage.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD)ontherightsideofthepaper.YoushouldchoosetheONEthatbestfitsintothepassage.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Alanguageisasignalingsystemwhichoperateswithsymbolicvocalsounds(语声),andwhichisusedbyagroupofpeopleforthepurposeofcommunication.Let’slookatt