Linux设备分配清单

Linux设备分配清单(kernel:2.6+)

MAJORMINOR

0Unnameddevices(e.g.non-devicemounts)

0二reservedasnulldevicenumber

Seeblockmajor144,145,146forexpansionareas.

1charMemorydevices

1/dev/memPhysicalmemoryaccess

2/dev/kmomKernelvirtualmemoryaccess

3/dev/nul1Nul1device

4/dev/portI/Oportaccess

5/dev/zeroNul1bytesource

6/dev/coreOBSOLETE-replacedby/proc/kcore

7/dev/fullReturnsENOSPConwrite

8/dev/randomNondeterministicrandomnumbergen.

9/dev/urandomFaster,lesssecurerandomnumbergen.

10/dev/aioAsynchronousI/Onotificationinterface

11/dev/kmsgWritestothiscomeoutasprintkts

11blockRAMdisk

0=/dev/ramOFirstRAMdisk

1/dev/ramlSecondRAMdisk

250=/dev/initrdInitialRAMdisk{2.6}

Olderkernelshad/dev/ramdisk(1,1)here.

/dev/initrdreferstoaRAMdiskwhichwaspreloaded

bythebootloader;newerkernelsuse/dev/ramOfor

theinitrd.

2charPseudo-TTYmasters

0=/dev/ptypOFirstPTYmaster

1=/dev/ptyplSecondPTYmaster

255=/dev/ptyef256thPTYmaster

Pseudo-tty'sarenamedasfollows:

*Mastersare"pty",slavesare"tty";

*thefourthletterisoneofpqrstuvwxyzabcdeindicating

the1stthrough16thseriesof16pseudo-ttyseach,and

*thefifthletterisoneof0123456789abcdefindicating

thepositionwithintheseries.

Thesearetheold-style(BSD)PTYdevices;Unix98

devicesareonmajor128andaboveandusethePTY

mastermultiplex(/dev/ptmx)toacquireaPTYon

demand.

blockFloppydisks

0=/dev/fdOController0,drive0,autodetect

1=/dev/fdlController0,drive1,autodetect

2=/dev/fd2Controller0,drive2,autodetect

3=/dev/fd3Controller0,drive3,autodetect

128=/dev/fd4Controller1,drive0,autodetect

129二/dev/fd5Controller1,drive1,autodetect

130=/dev/fd6Controller1,drive2,autodetect

131=/dev/fd7Controller1,drive3,autodetect

Tospecifyformat,addtotheautodetectdevicenumber:

0=/dev/fd?Autodetectformat

4=/dev/fd?d360525"360Ka360Kdrive(l)

20=/dev/fd?h360525'360Kina1200Kdrive(l)

48=/dev/fd?h410525"410Ka1200Kdrive

64=/dev/fd?h420525'420Kina1200Kdrive

24=/dev/fd?h720525”720K1200Kdrive

80=/dev/fd?h8805251880Kina1200Kdrived)

8=/dev/fd?hl200525〃1200Ka1200Kdrive(l)

40=/dev/fd?hl440525'1440Kina1200Kdrive(l)

56=/dev/fd?hl476525”1476Ka1200Kdrive

72=/dev/fd?hl494525'1494Kina1200Kdrive

92=/dev/fd?hl600525"1600Ka1200Kdrive(l)

12=/dev/fd?u3603.5"360KDoubleDensity(2)

16=/dev/fd?u7203.5,720KDoubleDensity(1)

120=/dev/fd?u8003.5“800KDoubleDensity(2)

52=/dev/fd?u8203.5〃820KDoubleDensity

68=/dev/fd?u8303.5"830KDoubleDensity

84=/dev/fd?ul0403.5"1040KDoubleDensity(l)

88=/dev/fd?ull203.5"1120KDoubleDensity(1)

28=/dev/fd?ul4403.5"1440KHighDensity(1)

124=/dev/fd?ul6003.5"1600KHighDensity(1)

44=/dev/fd?ul6803.5"1680KHighDensity(3)

60=/dev/fd?ul7223.5"1722KHighDensity

76=/dev/fd?u!7433.5〃1743KHighDensity

96=/dev/fd?ul7603.5"1760KHighDensity

116=/dev/fd?u18403.5"1840KHighDensity(3)

100=/dev/fd?ul9203.5"1920KHighDensity(1)

32=/dev/fd?u28803.5"2880KExtraDensity(l)

104=/dev/fd?u32003.5"3200KExtraDensity

108=/dev/fd?u35203.5"3520KExtraDensity

112=/dev/fd?u38403.5”3840KExtraDensity(1)

36二/dev/fd?CompaQCompaq2880Kdrive;obsolete?

(1)Autodetectableformat

(2)AutodetectableformatinaDoubleDensity(720K)driveonly

(3)AutodetectableformatinaHighDensity(1440K)driveonly

NOTE:Theletterinthedevicename(d,q,horu)

signifiesthetypeofdrive:5.25"DoubleDensity(d),

5.25"QuadDensity(q),5.25“HighDensity(h)or3.5”

(anymodel,u).TheuseofthecapitallettersD,Il

andEforthe3.5"modelshavebeendeprecated,since

thedrivetypeisinsignificantforthesedevices.

charPseudo-TTYslaves

0=/dev/ttypOFirstPTYslave

1=/dev/ttyplSecondPTYslave

255=/dev/ttyef256thPTYslave

Thesearetheold-style(BSD)PTYdevices;Unix98

devicesareonmajor136andabove.

blockFirstMFM,RLLandIDEharddisk/CD-ROMinterface

0=/dev/hdaMaster:wholedisk(orCD-ROM)

64=/dev/hdbSlave:wholedisk(orCD-ROM)

Forpartitions,addtothewholediskdevicenumber:

0=/dev/hd?Wholedisk

1=/dev/hd?lFirstpartition

2=/dev/hd?2Secondpartition

63=/dev/hd?6363rdpartition

ForLinux/i386,partitions1-4aretheprimary

partitions,and5andabovearelogicalpartitions.

OtherversionsofLinuxusepartitioningschemes

appropriatetotheirrespectivearchitectures.

charTTYdevices

0=/dev/ttyO默认肖前虚拟控制台

1=/dev/ttylFirstvirtualconsole

63=/dev/tty6363rdvirtualconsole

64=/dev/ttySOFirstUARTserialport

255=/dev/ttyS191192ndUARTserialport

UARTserialportsreferto8250/16450/16550seriesdevices.

OlderversionsoftheLinuxkernelusedthismajor

numberforBSDPTYdevices.AsofLinux2.1.115,this

isnolongersupported.Usemajornumbers2and3.

4blockAliasesfordynamicallyallocatedmajordevicestobeused

whenitsnotpossibletocreatetherealdevicenodes

becausetherootfilesystemismountedread-only.

0=/dev/root

5charAlternateTTYdevices

0=/dev/ttyCurrentTTYdevice

1=/dev/consoleSystemconsole

2=/dev/ptmxPTYmastermultiplex

64=/dev/cuaOCalloutdeviceforttySO

255=/dev/cual91CalloutdeviceforttyS191

(5,1)is/dev/consolestartingwithLinux2.1.71.See

thesectiononterminaldevicesformoreinformation

on/dev/console.

6charParallelprinterdevices

0=/dev/lpOParallelprinteronparportO

1=/dev/lplParallelprinteronparport1

CurrentLinuxkernelsnolongerhaveafixedmapping

betweenparallelportsandI/Oaddresses.Instead,

theyareredirectedthroughtheparportmultiplexlayer.

7charVirtualconsolecapturedevices

0=/dev/vcsCurrentvctextcontents

1=/dev/vcslttyltextcontents

63=/dev/vcs63tty63textcontents

128=/dev/vesaCurrentvctext/attributecontents

129=/dev/vcsalttyltext/attributecontents

191=/dev/vcsa63tty63text/attributecontents

NOTE:Thesedevicespermitbothreadandwriteaccess.

7blockLoopbackdevices

0=/dev/loopOFirstloopdevice

1=/dev/looplSecondloopdevice

Theloopdevicesareusedtomountfilesystemsnot

associatedwithblockdevices.Thebindingtothe

loopdevicesishandledbymount(8)orlosetup(8).

8blockSCSIdiskdevices(0-15)

0=/dev/sdaFirstSCSIdiskwholedisk

16=/dev/sdbSecondSCSIdiskwholedisk

32-/dev/sdcThirdSCSIdiskwholedisk

240=/dev/sdpSixteenthSCSIdiskwholedisk

PartitionsarehandledinthesamewayasforIDE

disks(seemajornumber3)exceptthatthelimiton

partitionsis15.

9charSCSItapedevices

0=/dev/stOFirstSCSItape,mode0

1=/dev/stlSecondSCSItape,mode0

32=/dev/stOlFirstSCSItape,mode1

33=/dev/stllSecondSCSItape,mode1

64=/dev/stOmFirstSCSItape,mode2

65=/dev/stlmSecondSCSItape,mode2

96=/dev/stOaFirstSCSItape,mode3

97=/dev/stlaSecondSCSItape,mode3

128=/dev/nstOFirstSCSItape,mode0,norewind

129=/dev/nstlSecondSCSItape,mode0,norewind

160=/dev/nstOlFirstSCSItape,mode1,norewind

161=/dev/nstllSecondSCSItape,mode1,norewind

192=/dev/nstOmFirstSCSItape,mode2,norewind

193=/dev/nstlmSecondSCSItape,mode2,norewind

224=/dev/nstOaFirstSCSItape,mode3,norewind

225=/dev/nstlaSecondSCSItape,mode3,norewind

“Norewind“referstotheomissionofthedefault

automaticrewindondeviceclose.TheMTREWorMTOFFL

ioctl()*scanbeusedtorewindthetaperegardlessof

thedeviceusedtoaccessit.

9blockMetadisk(RAID)devices

0=/dev/mdOFirstmetadiskgroup

1=/dev/mdlSecondmetadiskgroup

Themetadiskdriverisusedtospana

filesystemacrossmultiplephysicaldisks.

10charNon-serialmice,miscfeatures

0/dev/logibmLogitechbusmouse

1=/dev/psauxPS/2-stylemouseport

2=/dev/inportbmMicrosoftInportbusmouse

3=/dev/atibmATIXLbusmouse

4=/dev/jbmJ-mouse

4=/dev/amigamouseAmigamouse(68k/Amiga)

5=/dev/atarimouseAtarimouse

6=/dev/sunmouseSunmouse

7=/dev/amigamouse1SecondAmigamouse

8=/dev/smouseSimpleserialmousedriver

9=/dev/pcllOpadIBMPC-110digitizerpad

10=/dev/adbmouseAppleDesktopBusmouse

11=/dev/vrtpanelVr41xxembeddedtouchpanel

13=/dev/vpemouseConnectixVirtualPCMouse

14=/dev/touchscreen/ucblxOOUCB1x00touchscreen

15=/dev/touchscreen/mk712MK712touchscreen

128=/dev/beepFancybeepdevice

129=/dev/modreqKernelmoduleloadrequest{2.6}

130=/dcv/watchdogWatchdogtimerport

131=/dev/temperatureMachineinternaltemperature

132=/dev/hwtrapHardwarefaulttrap

133=/dev/exttrpExternaldevicetrap

134=/dev/apmbiosAdvancedPowerManagementBIOS

135=/dev/rtcRealTimeClock

139=/dev/opcnpromSPARCOpcnBootPROM

140=/dev/relay8BerkshireProductsOctalrelaycard

141=/dev/relayl6BerkshireProductsISO-16relaycard

142=/dev/msrx86model-specificregisters{2.6}

143=/dev/pciconfPCIconfigurationspace

144=/dev/nvramNon-volatileconfigurationRAM

145=/dev/hfmodemSoundcardshortwavemodemcontrol{2.6}

146=/dev/graphicsLinux/SGIgraphicsdevice

147=/dev/openglLinux/SGIOpenGLpipe

148=/dev/gfxLinux/SGIgraphicseffectsdevice

149/dev/input/mouseLinux/SGIIrixemulationmouse

150/dev/input/keyboardLinux/SGIIrixemulationkeyboard

151=/dev/ledFrontpanelLEDs

152=/dev/kpollKernelPollDriver

153=/dev/mergememMemorymergedevice

154=/dev/pmuMacintoshPowerBookpowermanager

155=/dev/isictlMultiTechISIComserialcontrol

156=/dev/ledFrontpanelLCDdisplay

157=/dev/acApplicomIntiProfibuscard

158=/dev/nwbuttonNetwinderexternalbutton

159=/dev/nwdebugNetwinderdebuginterface

160=/dev/nwflashNetwinderflashmemory

161=/dev/userdmaUser-spaceDMAaccess

162=/dev/smbusSystemManagementBus

163=/dev/likLogitechInternetKeyboard

164=/dev/ipmoIntelIntelligentPlatformManagement

165=/dev/vmmonVMWarevirtualmachinemonitor

166=/dev/i2o/ctl120configurationmanager

167/dev/specialix_sxctlSpecialixserialcontrol

168/dev/tcldrvTechnologyConceptsserialcontrol

169=/dev/specialix_rioctlSpecialixRIOserialcontrol

170=/dev/thinkpad/thinkpadIBMThinkpaddevices

171=/dev/srripcQNX4APIIPCmanager

172=/dev/usemacloneSemaphoreclonedevice

173=/dev/ipmikesIntel1igentPlatformManagement

174=/dev/uctrlSPARCbook3microcontroller

175二/dev/agpgartAGPGraphicsAddressRemappingTabie

176=/dev/gtrscGorgyTimingradioclock

177=/dev/cbmSerialCBMbus

178/dev/jsflashJavaStationOSflashSIMM

179/dev/xsvcHigh-speedshared-mem/semaphoreservice

180/dev/vrbuttonsVr41xxbuttoninputdevice

181/dev/toshibaToshibalaptopSMMsupport

182/dev/perfetrPerformance-monitoringcounters

183=/dev/hwrngGenericrandomnumbergenerator

184二/dev/epu/microcodeCPUmicrocodeupdateinterface

186=/dev/atomiepsAtomicshapshotofprocessstatedata

187=/dev/irnetIrNETdevice

188=/dev/smbusbiosSMBusBIOS

189=/dev/ussp_ctlUserspaceserialportcontrol

190=/dev/crashMissionCriticalLinuxcrashdumpfacility

191=/dev/pcl181<informationmissing>

192=/dev/nasxbusNASxbusLCD/buttonsaccess

193=/dev/d7sSPARC7-segmentdisplay

194=/dev/zkshimZero-Knowledgenetworkshimcontrol

195=/dev/elographics/e2201BiographiestouchscreenE271-2201

198=/dev/sexecSignedexecutableinterface

199=/dev/scanners/cuecat:CueCatbarcodescanner

200=/dev/net/tunTAP/TUNnetworkdevice

201=/dev/button/gu1pbTransmetaGULP-Bbuttons

202=/dev/emd/ctlEnhancedMetadiskRAID(EMD)control

204=/dev/video/em8300EM8300DVDdecodercontrol

205=/dev/video/em8300_mvEM8300DVDdecodervideo

206=/dev/video/em8300_maEM8300DVDdecoderaudio

207=/dev/video/em8300_spEM8300DVDdecodersubpicture

208=/dev/Compaq/cpqphpcCompaqPCIHotPlugController

209=/dev/compaq/cpqridCompaqRemoteInsightDriver

210=/dev/impi/btIMPIcoprocessorblocktransfer

211=/dev/impi/smicIMPIcoprocessorstreaminterface

212=/dev/watchdogs/0Firstwatchdogdevice

213=/dev/watchdogs/1Secondwatchdogdevice

214=/dev/watchdogs/2Thirdwatchdogdevice

215-/dev/watchdogs/3Fourthwatchdogdevice

216=/dev/fujitsu/apanelFujitsu/Siemensapplicationpanel

217=/dev/ni/natmotnNationalInstrumentsMotion

218/dev/kchuidInter-processchuidcontrol

219/dev/modems/mwaveMWavemodemfirmwareupload

220/dev/mptctlMessagepassingtechnology(MPT)control

221/dev/mvista/hssdsiMontavistaPTCMGhotswapsystemdriver

222/dev/mvista/hasiMontavistaPICMGhighavailability

223/dev/input/uinputUserleveldriversupportinput

224/dev/tpmTCPATPMdriver

225=/dev/ppsPulsePerSeconddriver

226=/dev/systraceSystracedevice

227=/dev/mcelogX8664MachineCheckExceptiondriver

228=/dev/hpetHPETdriver

229=/dev/fuseFuse(virtualfilesysteminuser-space)

230=/dev/midishareMidiSharedriver

240-254Reservedforlocaluse

255ReservedforMTSC_DYNAMIC_MINOR

11charRawkeyboarddevice(Linux/SPARConly)

0=/dev/kbdRawkeyboarddevice

11charSerialMuxdevice(Linux/PA-RISConly)

0=/dev/ttyBOFirstmuxport

1=/dev/ttyBlSecondmuxport

11blockSCSICD-ROMdevices

0=/dev/scdOFirstSCSICD-ROM

1=/dev/scd1SecondSCSICD-ROM

Theprefix/dev/sr(insteadof/dev/scd)hasbeendeprecated.

12charQIC-02tape

2=/dev/ntpqicllQIC-11,norewind-on-close

3=/dev/tpqicl1QIC-11,rewind-on-close

4=/dev/ntpqic24QIC-24,norewind-on-close

5=/dev/tpqic24QIC-24,rewind-on-close

6=/dev/ntpqicl20QIC-120,norewind-on-close

7=/dev/tpqic120QIC-120,rewind-on-close

8=/dev/ntpqicl50QIC-150,norewind-on-close

9=/dev/tpqicl50QIC-150,rewind-on-close

Thedevicenamesspecifiedareproposed-ifthere

are“standard“namesforthesedevices,pleaseletmeknow.

12blockMSCDEXCD-ROMcallbacksupport{2.6}

0二/dev/dos_cdOFirstMSCDEXCD-ROM

1=/dev/doscdlSecondMSCDEXCD-ROM

13charInputcore

0=/dev/input/jsOFirstjoystick

1=/dev/input/jslSecondjoystick

32=/dev/input/mouseOFirstmouse

33=/dev/input/mouselSecondmouse

63=/dev/input/miceUnifiedmouse

64=/dev/input/eventOFirsteventqueue

65=/dev/input/even11Secondeventqueue

Eachdevicetypehas5bits(32minors).

13block8-bitMFM/RLL/IDEcontroller

0=/dev/xdaFirstXTdiskwholedisk

64=/dev/xdbSecondXTdiskwholedisk

PartitionsarehandledinthesamewayasIDEdisks

(seemajornumber3).

14charOpenSoundSystem(OSS)

0=/dev/mixerMixercontrol

1=/dev/sequencerAudiosequencer

2=/dev/midiOOFirstMIDIport

3=/dev/dspDigitalaudio

4=/dev/audioSun-compatibledigitalaudio

6=/dev/sndstatSoundcardstatusinformation{2.6}

7=/dev/audioctlSPARCaudiocontroldevice

8=/dev/sequencer2Sequencer-alternatedevice

16=/dev/mixerlSecondsoundcardmixercontrol

17=/dev/patmgrOSequencerpatchmanager

18=/dev/midiOlSecondMIDIport

19=/dev/dsp1Secondsoundcarddigitalaudio

20=/dev/audiolSecondsoundcardSundigitalaudio

33=/dev/patmgrlSequencerpatchmanager

34=/dev/midi02ThirdMIDIport

50=/dev/midi03FourthMIDIport

14blockBIOSharddrivecallbacksupport(2.6；

0=/dev/dos_hdaFirstBIOSharddrivewholedisk

64=/dev/dos_hdbSecondBIOSharddrivewholedisk

128=/dev/dos_hdcThirdBIOSharddrivewholedisk

192=/dev/doshddFourthBIOSharddrivewholedisk

PartitionsarehandledinthesamewayasIDEdisks

(seemajornumber3).

15charJoystick

0=/dev/jsOFirstanalogjoystick

1=/dev/jslSecondanalogjoystick

128=/dev/djsOFirstdigitaljoystick

129=/dev/djslSeconddigitaljoystick

15blockSonyCDU-31A/CDU-33ACD-ROM

0=/dev/sonycdSonyCDU-31aCD-ROM

16charNon-SCSIscanners

0=/dev/gs4500Genius4500handheldscanner

16blockGoldStarCD-ROM

0=/dev/gscdGoldStarCD-ROM

17charChaseserialcard

0=/dev/ttyHOFirstChaseport

1=/dev/ttyHlSecondChaseport

17blockOpticsStorageCD-ROM

0=/dev/optcdOpticsStorageCD-ROM

18charChaseserialcard-alternatedevices

0-/dev/cuhOCalloutdeviceforttyHO

1=/dev/cuhlCalloutdeviceforttyHl

18blockSanyoCD-ROM

0=/dev/sjcdSanyoCD-ROM

19charCycladesserialcard

0=/dev/ttyCOFirstCycladesport

31=/dev/ttyC3132ndCycladesport

19block“Double"compresseddisk

0