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备战2022高考考英语完形填空话题分类训练(高考真题+各地模拟题)专题40人与动植物Passage1(2020·全国·高考真题)MolaigrewupinatinyvillageinIndia.Thevillagelaynearsomewetlandswhichbecamehissecond_____1_____.Helearnedthevalueandbeautyof____2____therefromaveryyoungage.Whenhewas16,Molaibegantonoticesomething____3____happeningaroundhishome.Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthe____4____itcausedhaddrivenawayanumberofbirds.____5____,thenumberofsnakeshaddeclinedaswell.He____6____thatitwasbecausethereweren’tenoughtreestoprotectthemfromthe____7____.Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttreessotheanimalscouldseek____8____duringthedaytime.Heturnedtothe____9____departmentforhelpbutwastoldthatnothingwouldgrowthere.However,Molaiwentlookingonhisownand_____10_____anearbyislandwherehebegantoplanttrees.____11____youngplantsinthedryseasonwas______12______foraloneboy.Molaibuiltatthe_____13_____ofeachsapling(幼树)abambooplatform,whereheplacedearthenpotswithsmallholesto______14______rainwater.Thewaterwouldthendrip(滴落)ontheplantsbelow.Molai_____15_____toplanttreesforthenext37years.Hiseffortshaveresultedin1,360acresofnaturally-grownlandthathasbecomehometomanyplantsandanimals.1.A.dream B.job C.home D.choice2.A.nature B.youth C.culture D.knowledge3.A.precious B.interesting C.disturbing D.awkward4.A.waste B.tension C.pain D.damage5.A.Besides B.However C.Therefore D.Otherwise6.A.agreed B.realized C.remembered D.predicted7.A.noise B.heat C.disease D.dust8.A.directions B.partners C.help D.shelter9.A.labor B.police C.forest D.finance10.A.rebuilt B.discovered C.left D.managed11.A.Decorating B.Observing C.Watering D.Guarding12.A.tough B.illegal C.fantastic D.beneficial13.A.back B.top C.foot D.side14.A.cooldown B.keepoff C.purify D.collect15.A.returned B.learned C.failed D.continuedPassage2(2019·全国·高考真题)Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They___16___withthemlotsofwaste.The___17___mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthe___18___ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,I’m___19___abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”naturalexperiences.However,Isoon___20___thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof___21___amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda___22___mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare___23___buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe___24___.ThebestofaKilimanjaro____25____,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsare____26____asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This____27____isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas____28____gothroughfiveecosystems(生态系统)inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,____29____landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather____30____—lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I____31____twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland____32____:gravel(砾石),stonesandrocks.____33____youclimbintoanarctic-likezonewith____34____snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro____35____itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.16.A.keep B.mix C.connect D.bring17.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reporters18.A.position B.age C.face D.name19.A.silent B.skeptical C.serious D.crazy20.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate21.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones22.A.remote B.quiet C.tall D.clean23.A.new B.special C.significant D.necessary24.A.payingoff B.spreadingout C.blowingup D.fadingaway25.A.atmosphere B.experience C.experiment D.sight26.A.studied B.observed C.explored D.regarded27.A.view B.quality C.reason D.purpose28.A.scientists B.climbers C.locals D.officials29.A.holdingonto B.goingbackto C.livingupto D.givingwayto30.A.changes B.clears C.improves D.permits31.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add32.A.village B.desert C.road D.lake33.A.Obviously B.Easily C.Consequently D.Finally34.A.permanent B.little C.fresh D.artificial35.A.enjoy B.deserve C.save D.acquirePassage3(2014·四川·高考真题)Myhusband,Tom,hasalwaysbeengoodwithanimals,butIwasstillamazedwhenhebefriendedafemalegrouse(松鸡).It’s___36___foragrousetohaveanycontact(接触)withpeople.Infact,they’rehardtospot,___37___theyusuallyflyoffwhentheyhearhumansapproachingThisgrousecameintoourlivesin___38___.Tomwasworkingoutinthefieldwhenhe___39___herwalkingaroundattheedgeofthefield.Shewas___40___unafraidandseemedtobe___41___aboutwhathewasdoing,Tomsawthe___42___birdseveraltimes,andsitegotmorecomfortablearoundhim.Wequicklygrew___43___ofthebirdanddecidedtocallherMildred.Oneday,asTomwasworking,Mildredcamewithinafewfeetofhimtowatch.Tom___44___hedidn’tseeherandkeptworkingtoseewhatshewoulddonext.Apparently,shedidn’tliketobe___45___.She’drunupandpeck(啄)atTom’shands,then___46___offtoseewhathewoulddo.Thiswentonforabout20minutes,untilMildredbecametiredofthe___47___andleft.Asspringwentandsummercame,Mildredstartedto___48___moreandmoreoften.___49___MildredfeltcomfortableenoughtojumpuponTom’slegandstaylongenoughformetogeta___50___ofthetwoofthemtogether.Thisfriendlygrousesoonfelt___51___nojustwithourfamily,butwithanybodywhowalkedordroveby.Whenhuntingseasonopened,weputa___52___attheendofourdrivewayasking___53___nottoshootourpetgrouse.Myfather,wholiveddowntheroad,___54___warnedpeoplenottoshoother.___55___,hunterswouldstopandtakepictures,becausetheyhadneverseenanythinglikeher.36.A.interesting B.reasonable C.impossible D.unusual37.A.though B.because C.unless D.until38.A.spring B.summer C.autumn D.winter39.A.got B.kept C.noticed D.imagined40.A.naturally B.certainly C.normally D.surprisingly41.A.crazy B.curious C.concerned D.cautious42.A.shy B.awkward C.friendly D.elegant43.A.careful B.tired C.fond D.sick44.A.supposed B.realized C.hoped D.pretended45.A.ignored B.observed C.amazed D.disturbed46.A.put B.back C.set D.take47.A.game B.work C.place D.man48.A.giveup B.comeout C.turnover D.flyby49.A.Eventually B.Suddenly C.Constantly D.Presently50.A.chance B.dream C.picture D.sense51.A.comfortable B.guilty C.anxious D.familiar52.A.lantern B.sign C.gun D.loudspeaker53.A.drivers B.farmers C.hunters D.tourists54.A.just B.yet C.thus D.also55.A.Infact B.Forlong C.Onthecontrary D.BythewayPassage4(2022·四川广安·一模)Peopleholdgeneralbeliefthatbirdswillflysouthinwinter.Butnotallbirdsdosotoescapethe___56___andsettlesomewhereniceandwarm.Manyofourfeatheredfriendsactually___57___andtrytolivethroughthehardtime.Theywillfacegreater___58___whentemperaturesdropwellbeyondthefreezingpoint.Itwasagainstthisbackgroundthata___59___aboutrescuingalittlesparrowtookplace.Thepoorbirdwascaughtoff-guardbythefreezingtemperaturesandhaditself___60___onthemetalpipingnexttoawaterheater.___61___,amanbythenameofNelsonWilson___62___thefrightenedbird.Whenhehurriedtoseewhatwashappening,hesawit___63___desperatelyanddecidedtodosomethingtohelpitout.“WhenIwentover,I___64___thebirdwhichwasglueddowntothepipeandcouldn'tflyaway,”Wilson____65____.“Thelittlebirdmostlikely____66____todrinksomewaterbecauseitisnot____67____forbirdstodrinkfromtheheatedtankinwinter.Butunfortunately,itsfeetgot____68____fromthewaterandfrozeintothemetalpiping.SoI____69____towarmthefeetofthefrightenedbirdbypressingmypalm(手掌)againstboththe____70____andthebird'sfeet.”Butthe____71____didnotgivehimwhathewanted.Then,Wilsonstarted____72____blowingwarmaironthebirdto____73____itsfragilefeetandmakethemgetwarmearlier.Afterseveralminutes,hiswarmingthebird'sfeetwithhiswarm____74____broughtsuccess.Thebirdwasfinallyableto____75____itspreviouslyfrozenfeet.Itwassaved!56.A.site B.enemy C.disease D.cold57.A.staybehind B.stepforward C.takeof D.comeout58.A.failure B.dilemma C.danger D.truth59.A.rip B.story C.task D.meeting60.A.1ost B.bathed C.confused D.trapped61.A.Hopefully B.Thankfully C.Suddenly D.Strangely62.A.found B.accepted C.seized D.heard63.A.1yimg B.waiting C.struggling D.hunting64.A.treated B.noticed C.obtained D.pushed65.A.explained B.concluded C.predicted D.added66.A.refused B.hesitated C.stopped D.learnt67.A.inconvenient B.harmless C.practical D.uncommon68.A.sticky B.wet C.slippery D.heavy69.A.attempted B.managed C.agreed D.expected70.A.pipe B.ice C.water D.feather71.A.challenge B.approach C.advantage D.attention72.A.casually B.eventually C.gently D.accidentally73.A.observe B.pull C.recognize D.protect74.A.breath B.coat C.arm D.chest75.A.feel B.see C.move D.dropPassage5(2021·浙江省杭州第二中学模拟预测)There'sablackwalnut(黑胡桃)treeinmybackyard.I'vebeeninan18-yearlove-hate___76___withit.It'sa___77___tree.InlateSeptemberorearlyOctober,fallingfruitsashardasbaseballs___78___theheadsofyou.Patio(露台)umbrellasareamustwhiledininginthegardeninearlyAugust,andbecauseofthevolumeoffruitthisseason,Iwearmybike___79___whileworkinginthegarden.Theblackwalnutalsoreleasesachemicalsubstancethroughitsrootsasa___80___strategy.It'sharmfultoseveralcommonplants.TherehavebeenmanynewplantvarietiesthatIbroughthomewith___81___thatmaybetheblackwalnutwould____82____them,buttheyfailedto___83___.HaveIthoughtofgettingridofthisgiantpaininmy___84___backyard?Yes,however,gettingridofthistreestandingat50feetwithan87-inchtrunkis_____85_____.It'salsoprotectedunderthelaw.Rightfullyso.Treesareimportanttotheurbanforestandforallofthosethatinhabitit.Treesare_____86_____tonumerousbirdsandinsectspeciesandareessentialforkeepingourenvironment_____87_____.SometimesIthinkaboutmy_____88_____withouttheblackwalnut.Ican'timagineaspringwithoutthebirdswhoarriveeveryyearandloudlysingtheirsongsbeforedawn.I'dmissfallingasleepon_____89_____weekendafternoonsasI______90______intoitsleavesbeforethenutsthreatentofall.Everyspring,Iwonderwhattheseason_____91_____.Whatarethechancesofbeingknocked______92______whilebarbecuing?Likeanygoodrelationship,I'llneverbepleased.I’m_____93_____withthistree,_____94_____,mywalnutoffersahometowildlifeanda_____95_____thatacceptance,insteadofresistance,isthebetterwaytobe.76.A.debate B.union C.relationship D.friendship77.A.unique B.young C.short D.leafless78.A.squeeze B.wet C.cover D.threaten79.A.helmet B.suit C.glove D.bag80.A.strange B.risky C.competitive D.cooperative81.A.requests B.hopes C.worries D.doubts82.A.please B.refuse C.accept D.feed83.A.buildup. B.growup C.digup D.setdown84.A.beautiful B.empty C.extensive D.tiny85.A.outofthequestion B.beyonddoubt C.underdiscussion D.inprogress86.A.home B.routes. C.means D.fence87.A.occupied B.equal C.balanced D.disturbed88.A.life B.work C.family D.dream89.A.windy B.lonely C.busy D.lazy90.A.lookup B.glancedown C.stareat D.watchout91.A.changes B.holds C.abandons D.selects92.A.split B.silly C.crazy D.unconscious93.A.satisfied B.sympathetic C.strict D.stuck94.A.Onthecontrary B.Inreturn C.Bytheway D.Asaresult95.A.forecast B.motto C.reminder D.noticePassage6(2021·河南新乡·一模)Meenahasraisedanimpressive$140,000forseniordogs.Theyounggirlwas___96___byherdesiretohelpherfurryfriendsfindaloving,forever___97___—justlikeshedid.Meenawasfoundabandoned,leftinabasketatjust9monthsold.Shewas___98___atage2andgotanewhomefromanIndiancouple.Asachild,shewasfondofanimals.Sheoften___99___tothelocaldogrescuetoplaywiththeanimals.AsmuchasMeena___100___spendingtimeattheshelters,shegrew___101___byhowoftenseniordogswere___102___.Seniordogswereseldomadopted,suspectedofrequiringmore___103___medicalprocedures.MuttvilleSeniorDogRescue,avolunteer-runrescue,soonbecameMeena'shomeawayfromhomeandfavoriteplacetovisit.The___104___rescuesandrehomesolderdogs.SheadmiredhowMuttville_____105_____seniordogs“asecondchanceatlife”.Havingbeen_____106_____herself,Meenaunderstoodhowitfeelstobeleftbehind.Sheneverviewedtheseniordogsasa_____107_____,butratherasintelligent,gentleandloyal_____108_____fortherightpetparents.Meenahopesto_____109_____otherstoadoptolderdogsastheyalsoprovideanabundanceofunconditionalloveandcanmakea(n)_____110_____additiontoanyhome.Duringthepandemic(流行病),sheobservedhowdogshavehelpedsoothe(抚慰)theirowners’_____111_____andloneliness.Shebelievessinceanimalshave_____112_____us,we,inturn,needtodoour_____113_____andhelpthemwhentheopportunityarises.Meenawasdeterminedtofindawayto_____114_____Muttvilleinitsnoblemissionofsavingseniordogs.Herbrainstormwasapet-sittingbusiness.Meena_____115_____contributedallherpet-sittingearningstoMuttville.96.A.attacked B.ignored C.attracted D.motivated97.A.rescue B.home C.nursery D.hospital98.A.adapted B.admitted C.adopted D.achieved99.A.paidavisit B.paidnoattention C.didasurvey D.showedmercy100.A.allowed B.avoided C.enjoyed D.minded101.A.depressed B.surprised C.annoyed D.frightened102.A.givenaway B.leftbehind C.cutoff D.brokendown103.A.lively B.lovely C.friendly D.costly104.A.stranger B.hospital C.police D.nonprofit105.A.returned B.bought C.offered D.promised106.A.cheated B.abandoned C.praised D.tricked107.A.burden B.duty C.chance D.shame108.A.companions B.classmates C.volunteers D.leaders109.A.forbid B.encourage C.command D.permit110.A.wonderful B.harmful C.terrible D.eventful111.A.illness B.security C.excitement D.anxiety112.A.influenced B.rescued C.hurt. D.helped113.A.part B.business C.study D.fortune114.A.accompany B.provide C.support D.claim115.A.unwillingly B.generously C.generally D.curiously参考答案:1.C2.A3.C4.D5.A6.B7.B8.D9.C10.B11.C12.A13.B14.D15.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。Molai在印度的一个小村庄长大。16岁的时候,一场洪水导致他的家园遭受巨大损失。树木的缺乏导致这些动物失去了遮蔽物,很多鸟儿离开,蛇类数量减少。Molai决定改变这一切,他经过努力,在附近找到了一个小岛,开始种树。在30多年的时间里,他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。1.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这个村庄位于一些湿地附近,那里成了他的第二个家。A.dream梦想;B.job工作;C.home家;D.choice选择。根据空前的second可知,他出生的村庄是他的家,村庄附近的一些“湿地”成为了他的第二个“家”。故选C。2.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他从小就在那里了解到了大自然的价值和美丽。A.nature自然;B.youth青春,年轻;C.culture文化;D.knowledge知识。湿地展现了“大自然”的价值和美。故选A。3.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:16岁时,Molai开始注意到他的家周围发生了一些令人不安的事情。A.precious宝贵的;B.interesting有趣的;C.disturbing令人不安的,引起烦恼的;D.generous慷慨的。该段后半部分提到:洪水侵袭,很多鸟儿离开,蛇的数量减少。这些情况都不正常,令人不安。故选C。4.考查名词词义辨析。句意:那年早些时候,一场洪水袭击了这个地区,洪水造成的损害赶走了很多鸟类。A.waste废物;B.tension紧张;C.pain疼痛,痛苦;D.damage损害,伤害。洪水侵袭这个地区,它会“损害”庄稼、树木,这些都会导致鸟儿们离开。故选D。5.考查副词词义辨析。句意:此外,蛇的数量也减少了。A.Besides此外,另外;B.However但是;C.Therefore因此;D.Otherwise否则。根据aswell可知,洪水不仅导致很多鸟儿离开。而且,它还导致蛇的数量减少。故选A。6.考查动词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.agreed同意;B.realized意识到;C.remembered记住,记起;D.predicted预测。Molai“意识到”鸟儿离开、蛇类减少是因为没有足够的树木。故选B。7.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他意识到这是因为没有足够的树来保护它们免受炎热的影响。A.noise噪音;B.heat热;C.disease疾病;D.dust尘土。根据常识可知,树木可以提供阴凉,从而保护鸟类和蛇类免受炎热的影响。故选B。8.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当然,解决的办法是种树,这样动物们就可以在白天寻找栖身之处。A.directions方向;B.partners伙伴,合作伙伴;C.help帮助;D.shelter遮蔽,庇护,遮蔽物。树木可以给动物们提供“遮蔽”。故选D。9.考查名词词义辨析。句意:他向森林部门求助,但被告知那里什么也不长。A.labor劳动;B.police警察;C.forest森林;D.finance财政,金融。根据前一句中的“Thesolution,ofcourse,wastoplanttrees”可知,Molai想要种树,所以他应该向“森林”部门求助。故选C。10.考查动词词义辨析。句意:然而,Molai自己去看了看,发现了附近的一个岛屿,他开始在那里种树。A.rebuilt重建;B.discovered发现;C.left离开;D.managed设法做成。根据前面的”lookingonhisown”可知,他自己去看,那么接下来就应该是他”发现”了一个小岛。故选B。11.考查动词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说,在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.Decorating装饰;B.Observing观察到;C.Watering浇水;D.Guarding守卫。该段后半部分叙述的是Molai想尽办法收集水的努力。再结合该句中的“thedryseason”可知,在旱季给幼苗“浇水”很难。故选C。12.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:对一个孤独的男孩来说,在旱季给幼苗浇水是很困难的。A.tough困难的;B.illegal非法的;C.fantastic极好的;D.beneficial有益的。根据该段后半部分的叙述可知,Molai想尽办法收集雨水,由此推知,旱季缺水,给幼苗浇水很“难”。故选A。13.考查名词词义辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A.back背部;B.top顶端;C.foot脚;D.side一边,一侧。根据该段最后一句“Thewaterwouldthendripontheplantsbelow”可知,水滴在下面的植物上。由此推知,竹子平台应该在每棵树苗的”顶端”。故选B。14.考查动词(短语)辨析。句意:Molai在每棵树苗的顶端都搭建了一个竹子平台,在那里他放置了带有小洞的陶罐来收集雨水。A.cooldown冷却下来;B.keepoff与……保持距离;C.purify净化,使纯净;D.collect收集。根据常识可知,陶罐是用来盛水的。由此可知,他将陶罐放到竹子平台上“收集”雨水。故选D。15.考查动词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的37年里,Molai继续种树。A.returned返回;B.learned学会;C.failed失败;D.continued继续。根据后一句可知,他的努力使1360英亩的天然土地成为许多动植物的家园。由此推知,在接下来的37年里,他“继续”种树。故选D。16.D17.C18.C19.B20.A21.C22.D23.C24.A25.B26.D27.A28.B29.D30.A31.C32.B33.D34.A35.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山,他们带来了垃圾,破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失,改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑,想一探究竟。当他来到这里,他发现当地环保措施很到位,同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。16.考查动词辨析。A.keep保持;B.mix混合;C.connect联系;D.bring带来。句意:他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lotsofwaste”可知,登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故D选项切题。17.考查名词辨析。A.stories故事;B.buildings建筑物;C.crowds人群;D.reporters记者。句意:人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40,000”可知,这是一个庞大的群体。故C选项切题。18.考查名词辨析。A.position位置;B.age年龄;C.face外貌,表面;D.name名字。句意:冰川正在消失,改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山的地貌之一,所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故C选项切题。19.考查形容词辨析。A.silent沉默的;B.skepetical怀疑的;C.serious严肃的;D.crazy疯狂的。句意:听到这些故事,我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知,作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山,作者想解开这个怀疑。故B选项切题。20.考查动词辨析。A.discover发现;B.argue争论;C.decide决定;D.advocate提倡。句意:然而,我很快发现,自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来,情况发生了很大的变化。由“muchhaschanged”可知,作者发现了很大的变化。故A选项切题。21.考查名词辨析。A.equipment装备;B.grass草;C.camps营地;D.stone石头。句意:我很快发现,自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来,情况发生了很大的变化。由下文“atcamps”可知,本句属于原词再现。故C选项切题。22.考查形容词辨析。A.remote遥远的;B.quiet安静的;C.tall高的;D.clean干净的。句意:我发现了一座干净的山,营地里和路边都有厕所。由“withtoliletatcampsandalongthepaths”可知,营地里和路边都有厕所,所以这是一座干净的山。故D选项切题。23.考查形容词辨析。A.new新的;B.special特殊的;C.significant重大的;D.necessary必要的。句意:环境挑战是巨大的,但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知,很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失,这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故C选项切题。24.考查动词短语辨析。A.payingoff还清,报偿;B.spreadingout伸展;C.blowingup爆炸;D.fadingaway逐渐消退。句意:环境挑战是巨大的,但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。由“but”可知,前后表示转折关系,说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故A选项切题。25.考查名词辨析。A.atmosphere氛围;B.experience经历;C.experiment实验;D.sight视力。句意:在我看来,来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故B选项切题。26.考查动词辨析。A.studied学习;B.observed观察;C.explored探索;D.regarded认为。句意:山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritualspace”可知,山被许多文化视为精神场所。beregardedas被视为……。故D选项切题。27.考查名词辨析。A.view景色;B.quality质量;C.reason原因;D.purpose目的。句意:在乞力马扎罗,当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时,景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统,所以景色也是明显的不同。故A选项切题。28.考查名词辨析。A.scientists科学家;B.climbers登山者;C.locals当地人;D.officials官员。句意:在乞力马扎罗,当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时,景色尤为明显。故A选项切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山,也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故B选项切题。29.考查动词短语辨析。A.holdingonto抓住;B.goingbackto回到(原来的话题);C.livingupto达到,履行;D.givingwayto向……让步。句意:热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头,让位于大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头,所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。故D选项切题。30.考查动词辨析。A.changes改变;B.clears放晴;C.improves提高;D.permits允许。句意:再往上走,天气变了——低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“lowclouds”可知,海拔变了,天气也是不同的,是变化的。故A选项切题。31.考查动词辨析。A.match匹配;B.imagine想象;C.count数;D.add增加。句意:我从站的地方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelveshadesofgreen”可知,作者数出了十二种绿色。故C选项切题。32.考查名词辨析。A.village村庄;B.desert沙漠,荒地;C.road马路;D.lake湖。句意:海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠:砾石、石头和岩石。由“grave,stonesandrocks”可知,海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠。故B选项切题。33.考查副词辨析。A.Obviously明显地;B.Easily容易地;C.Consequently结果;D.Finally最后地。句意:海拔4000米以上是高地荒漠:砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故D选项切题。34.考查形容词辨析。A.permanent永久的;B.little小的;C.fresh新鲜的;D.artificial人造的。句意:很明显,你爬进了一个类似北极的地带,那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arctic-likezone”可知,这是一个类似北极的地带,所以有永久性的积雪。故A选项切题。35.考查动词辨析。A.enjoy享受;B.deserve值得;C.save挽救;D.acquire获得。句意:乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山,挤满了成群的游客,破坏了宁静的气氛,它值得这样的名声吗?这里作者在质疑乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰,以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故B选项切题。36.D37.B38.A39.C40.D41.B42.C43.C44.D45.A46.B47.A48.B49.A50.C51.A52.B53.C54.D55.A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。在文中作者讲述了自己一家人和一只松鸡的故事。作者的丈夫Tom在田间干活时看到一只胆大的松鸡,和别的松鸡不同它不惧怕人类,慢慢这只松鸡和作者一家越来越熟悉,甚至还会飞到Tom身上。后来这只松鸡和人们相处的越来越和谐,不但作者一家非常喜欢它,而且连猎人都和松鸡一起拍照留念。36.考查副词词义辨析。句意:和人类有任何接触,这对松鸡来说是不寻常的。A.interesting有趣的;B.reasonable合理的;C.impossible不可能的;D.unusual不寻常的。根据上文作者对此事感到惊讶Iwasstillamazed和下文中对松鸡性情的介绍theyusuallyflyoffwhentheyhearhumansapproaching.可知松鸡和人密切接触的情况是不常见的,故选D.37.考查连词词义辨析。句意:事实上,它们很难被发现,因为它们通常会在听到人类靠近时飞走。A.though尽管;B.because因为;C.unless除非;D.until直到。前句提到they'rehardtospot人们很难看到松鸡,后句内容说它们见到人类的接近就会飞走,由此可知人们很难见到松鸡的原因是它们惧怕人类,后句和前句是因果关系,故选B。38.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这只松鸡是在春天进入我们的生活的。A.spring春天;B.summer夏天;C.autumn秋天;D.winter冬天。根据下文倒数第二段Asspringwentandsummercame可知当Tom看到这只松鸡的时候是春天,故答案选A。39.考查动词词义辨析。句意:汤姆正在田地里干活,突然注意到它在田地边上走来走去。A.got得到;B.kept保持;C.noticed发现,注意到;D.imagine想象。此处讲述的是Tom第一次看到这只松鸡时候的情景,空后提到这只松鸡正在地边走动,所以是Tom看到,注意到,故选C。40.考查副词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是,她一点也不害怕,似乎对他正在做的事情很好奇。A.naturally自然地;B.certainly当然地;C.normally正常地;D.surprisingly令人惊讶地。从上文内容可知松鸡是怕人的,见到人就飞走,而这只松鸡不怕人,所以是让人惊讶的情况,故选D。41.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:令人惊讶的是,她一点也不害怕,似乎对他正在做的事情很好奇。A.crazy疯狂的,着迷的;B.curious好奇的;C.concerned关心的;D.cautious小心的。从空前内容可知松鸡不怕人,由此推断应该是好奇Tom在做什么,其他不符合语境,故选B。42.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:汤姆好几次看到了这只友好的鸟,在他身边变得更舒服了。A.shy害羞的;B.awkward尴尬的;C.friendly友好的;D.elegant优雅的。从后句内容可知这只松鸡不怕Tom,而且在他身边越来越自在,此外在文章倒数第二段也提到friendlygrouse,由此可知这只松鸡是友好的,故选C。43.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:我们很快就喜欢上了这只小鸟,决定叫它米尔德丽德。A.careful小心的;B.tired厌倦的;C.fond喜欢的;D.sick恶心,生病的。从空后内容可知作者和丈夫给松鸡取了名字,由此判断他们对这只松鸡越来越喜欢,befondof意思是“喜欢”,选C。44.考查动词词义辨析。句意:汤姆假装没看见她,继续工作,看她下一步会做什么。A.supposed认为,猜想;B.realized意识到;C.hoped希望;D.pretended假装。前面提到Tom看到松鸡走近他身边,后面又说没看到她,由此判断他是假装没看见,想看看松鸡会如何反应。选D。45.考查动词词义辨析。句意:显然,她不喜欢被忽视。A.ignored忽略,不理睬;B.observed观察,遵守,庆祝;C.amazed感到惊讶;D.disturbed打扰。上文提到Tom故意装作没看到这只松鸡,空后又描述松鸡去啄Tom的手,由此判断松鸡是想引起Tom的注意,不想被忽视,选A。46.考查动词词义辨析。句意:她跑起来啄啄汤姆的手,然后放弃了看他要做什么。A.put放;B.backed后退;C.place安置,放;D.man带走。从描述的情景可以推测松鸡啄了Tom之后就退后看他的反应,选B。47.考查名词词义辨析。句意:这样持续了大约20分钟,直到米尔德丽德玩腻了,离开了。A.game游戏;B.work工作;C.place地方;D.man人。根据上文的叙述可知在Tom不理睬松鸡的情况下,松鸡反反复复地去啄Tom,然后看他的反应,这对它来说是一种游戏,选A。48.考查动词词义辨析。句意:春去夏来,米尔德丽德开始越来越频繁地外出。A.giveup放弃;B.comeout出来;C.turnover翻转;D.flyby飞过。根据下文内容可知夏天到了松鸡更加频繁地外出走动了,选B。49.考查副词词义辨析。句意:最后,米尔德丽德感到很舒服,跳上了汤姆的腿,在那儿呆了很长时间,好让我拍一张他们俩在一起的照片。A.Eventually最终;B.Suddenly突然;C.Constantly不断地;D.Presently目前地。从上文内容可知松鸡一点一点地接近人类,胆子越来越大,最后都飞到Tom身上,故选A。50.考查名词词义辨析。句意:最后,米尔德丽德感到很舒服,跳上了汤姆的腿,在那儿呆了很长时间,好让我拍一张他们俩在一起的照片。A.chance机会;B.dream梦想;C.picture图片,照片;D.sense感觉。根据作者描述的情景可知松鸡呆在Tom的腿上,所以是作者趁机拍了张照片,而且下文hunterswouldstopandtakepictures也是很好的提示,故选C。51.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:这只友好的松鸡很快就感到很舒服,A.comfortable舒服的;B.guilty内疚的;C.anxious焦虑的;D.familiar熟悉的。本文讲述的内容是松鸡和人的友好相处,而且上文多次提到松鸡在人们身边很comfortable,比如andshegotmorecomfortablearoundhim和.MildredfeltcomfortableenoughtojumpuponTom'sleg,故选A。52.考查名词词义辨析。句意:狩猎季节开始时,我们在车道的尽头挂上一块牌子,要求猎人不要射杀我们的宠物松鸡。A.lantern灯笼;B.sign招牌;C.gun枪支;D.loudspeaker扬声器。根据情理可知要想提醒人们应该是树立起一个警示牌,而且空前动词put也只能和sign构成搭配,故选B。53.考查名词词义辨析。句意:狩猎季节开始时,我们在车道的尽头挂上一块牌子,要求猎人不要射杀我们的宠物松鸡。A.drivers司机;B.farmers农民;C.hunters猎人;D.tourists游客。从情理可知四个选项中会猎杀动物的只有猎人,而且通过下文猎人与松鸡拍照也可以判断作者是提醒猎人们不要猎杀他们的松鸡,故选C。54.考查副词词义辨析。句意:我的父亲就住在这条街上,他也警告人们不要向她开枪。A.just仅仅;B.yet然而;D.thus因此;D.also也。前面内容提到作者竖起牌子警示人们不要猎杀这只友好的松鸡,而父亲同时也警告人们别猎杀那只松鸡,故选D。55.考查介词短语辨析。句意:事实上,猎人们会停下来拍照,因为他们从未见过像她这样的东西。A.Infact事实上;B.Forlong很长时间;C.Onthecontrary相反;D.Bytheway顺便说。上文提到作者和家人都提醒人们不要去伤害这只松鸡,而猎人们不仅没有猎杀松鸡,甚至还和松鸡一起拍照,故选A。56.D57.A58.C59.C60.D61.B62.A63.C64.B65.A66.C67.C68.A69.A70.A71.B72.C73.D74.A75.C【解析】【分析】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了NelsonWilson营救被困在冻住的金属管上的小麻雀的故事。56.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但并不是所有的鸟类都这样做是为了躲避寒冷,并在温暖舒适的地方定居。A.site场所;B.enemy敌人;C.disease疾病;D.cold寒冷。根据“settlesomewhereniceandwarm”可知,不是所有的鸟类都会向南迁移躲避寒冷。故选D项。57.考查动词短语辨析。句意:我们的许多长着羽毛的朋友实际上会留下来,试图度过这段艰难的时光。A.staybehind留下来;B.stepforward向前;C.takeof利用;D.comeout出版。根据“Butnotallbirdsdosotoescapethe1andsettlesomewhereniceandwarm.”可知,有一些鸟会留下来度过寒冬。故选A项。58.考查名词词义辨析。句意:当温度下降到远远超过冰点时,它们将面临更大的危险。A.failure失败;B.dilemma两难;C.danger危险;D.truth真相。根据“whentemperaturesdropwellbeyondthefreezingpoint”可知,当温度降到冰点以下很多时,鸟儿们会遇到更大的危险。故选C项。59.考查名词词义辨析。句意:正是在这样的背景下,一项营救一只小麻雀的任务发生了。A.rip撕裂口;B.story故事;C.task任务;D.meeting会议。根据“aboutrescuingalittlesparrow”可知,营救一只小麻雀是一项任务。故选C项。60.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这只可怜的小鸟被冰冻的温度吓得措手不及,卡在热水器旁边的金属管道上。A.lost丢失;B.bathed沐浴;C.confused使困惑;D.trapped卡住。根据“Thepoorbirdwascaughtoff-guardbythefreezingtemperatures”可知,小鸟被卡住了。故选D项。61.考查副词词义辨析。句意:幸好,一个叫尼尔森·威尔逊的人发现了这只受惊的鸟。A.Hopefully有希望地;B.Thankfully幸好;C.Suddenly突然;D.Strangely奇怪地。根据“amanbythenameofNelsonWilson6thefrightenedbird”可知,幸好小鸟被发现了。故选B项。62.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.found发现;B.accepted接受;C.seized抓住;D.heard听到。根据“Whenhehurriedtoseewhatwashappening”可知,NelsonWilson发现了这只鸟。故选A项。63.考查动词词义辨析。句意:当他赶去看发生了什么事时,他看到它在拼命地挣扎,于是决定做些什么来帮助它。A.lying躺;B.waiting等待;C.struggling挣扎;D.hunting捕猎。根据“desperately”及上文描写小鸟被困住可知,鸟儿应该在挣扎想要逃脱。故选C项。64.考查动词词义辨析。句意:“当我走过去的时候,我注意到那只鸟被粘在了水管上,飞不走了,”威尔逊解释说。A.treated对待;B.noticed注意到;C.obtained获得;D.pushed推。根据“amanbythenameofNelsonWilson6thefrightenedbird”可知,NelsonWilson注意到这只鸟被粘在水管上。故选B项。65.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.explained解释;B.concluded得出结论;C.predicted预测;D.added添加。根据前后文NelsonWilson所说可知,此处为他在解释发现鸟及解救鸟的过程。故选A项。66.考查动词词义辨析。句意:小鸟很可能停下来喝水,因为在冬天,鸟儿从加热的水箱里喝水是不现实的。A.refused拒绝;B.hesitated犹豫;C.stopped停止;D.learnt学习。根据“todrinksomewater”可知,NelsonWilson推测,小鸟停下来喝水,因此被困住了。故选C项。67.考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A.inconvenient不方便的;B.harmless无害的;C.practical实际的;D.uncommon不常见的。根据“inwinter”可以推测,冬天从热水箱里喝水是不实际的。故选C项。68.考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但不幸的是,它的脚被水粘住了,冻在了金属管道里。A.sticky粘的;B.wet潮湿的;C.slippery滑的;D.heavy重的。根据前文第三段内容及“frozeintothemetalpiping”可知,小鸟被粘住了。故选A项。69.考查动词词义辨析。句意:所以我试着用我的手掌温暖管道和鸟的脚。A.attempted尝试;B.managed(设法)完成;C.agreed同意;D.expected期待。根据“towarmthefeetofthefrightenedbirdbypressingmypalm”可知,看到小鸟的脚被粘住了,NelsonWilson尝试着温暖鸟的脚。故选A项。70.考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A.pipe管道;B.ice冰;C.water水;D.feather羽毛。根据“frozeintothemetalpiping”可知,鸟的脚与金属管道冻在一起,因此,需要一起加热金属管。故选A项。71.考查名词词义辨析。句意:但是这种方法并没有给他想要的东西。A.challenge挑战;B.approach方法;C.advantage优势;D.attention注意力。根据“SoI___14___towarmthefeetofthefrightenedbirdbypressingmypalmagainstboththe___15___andthebird'sfeet.”可知,NelsonWilson用手掌捂热小鸟的脚和管道的方法没有奏效。故选B项。72.考查副词词义辨析。句意:然后,威尔逊开始轻轻地向这只鸟吹暖空气,以保护它脆弱的脚,让它们早点暖和起来。A.casually随意地;B.eventually最终;C.gently轻柔地;D.accidentally偶然地。根据“itsfragilefeet”可知,NelsonWilson轻轻地向小鸟的脚吹暖空气。故选C项。73.考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A.observe观察;B.pull拉;C.recognize认出;D.protect保护。根据“itsfragilefeetandmakethemgetwarmearlier”可知,吹暖空气的目的是为了保护鸟儿脆弱的脚。故选D项。74.考查名词词义辨析。句意:几分钟后,他用温暖的呼吸温暖了小鸟的脚,成功了。A.breath呼吸;B.coat外套;C.arm手臂;D.chest胸膛。根据上文“blowingwarmaironthebird”可知,NelsonWilson用呼吸温暖了小鸟的脚。故选A项。75.考查动词词义辨析。句意:这只鸟终于能够移动它之前冻住的脚了。A.feel感觉;B.see看见;C.move移动;D.drop掉落。根据“itspreviouslyfrozenfeet”可知,鸟儿终于能移动之前被冻住的脚了。故选C项。76.C77.A78.D79.A80.C81.B82.C83.B84.D85.A86.A87.C88.A89
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