2023学年完整公开课版定从

AttributiveClause定语从句Themanwholivesnexttoussellsvegetables.IhavefoundthebookwhichIlost.IvisitedtheschoolwhereIstudied.先行词关系代词先行词关系代词先行词关系副词

先行词：被定语从句所修饰的词。关系词：引导定语从句的词，分为关系代词与关系副词。关系词作用:①连接句子②在从句中做成分引导定语从句的关系词关系词，引定从，它们的用法各不同_____可做主、宾用，指人指物它都行;_______用来指物用，主语、宾语它也能;_____和_______指人用，分做主、宾要分清;________一词做定语，指人指物都管用;时间状语能用_____，地点状语________行;原因状语_____选中,____指代句子做主、宾，修饰全句或部分;关系代（副）词做成份，唯作_____可以省。关系词，易选中，从句之中定功能thatwhichwhowhomwhosewhenwherewhyas宾语Thisisthehouse________Ioncelived.Thisisthehouse______________Ihavebeento.Wedon’tbelievethereason_______hegaveus.Thereason________hewasabsentisthathehasbeenill.Theday_________IalwaysrememberisOct.1.Theday_________westayedtogetherisunforgettable.wherethat/whichthat/whichwhenthat/whichwhyPracticeAllthatwehavetodoistoobeythelaw.1.先行词是不定代词时（all,few,little,much,something,nothing,anything等）ThefirstlessonthatIlearnedwasexciting.2.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰

关系代词which&that的区别只能用that引导的情况：Ihaveallthebooksthatyougaveme.

3.先行词被all,any,every,each,few,little,no,some等修饰

HeistheonlypersonthatIwanttotalkto.4.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时Theytalkedofthingsandpersonsthattheyremembered.5.先行词即有人又有物时

WhoisthemanthatistalkingtoJohn?6.当句中已经有who或which时（为了避免重复）

关系代词which&that的区别只能用which引导的情况：1.引导非限制性定语从句，指物，充当主语、宾语2.放在介词的后面做介词宾语,指物

关系代词as&which的区别

位置不同。2.意义不同。

关系代词whose的用法：可指人指物，作定语，是所有格形式，指物时可与ofwhich替换。Eg:DoyouknowJanewhosehairisred?TherewasafloodinHainan,whoseeffectscausedlotsofdamage.TherewasafloodinHainan,whoseeffectscausedlotsofdamage.=TherewasafloodinHainan,_______________causedlotsofdamage.=TherewasafloodinHainan,_______________causedlotsofdamage.theeffectsofwhichofwhichtheeffects

介词+关系代词ThemanthatItalked________atthemeetingisfromJapan.ThisistheroomthatSusanusedtolive_______.aboutinTheman____________ItalkedaboutatthemeetingisfromJapan.Thisistheroom__________Susanusedtolivein./whom/whichthatthatThemanthat/whomItalkedatthemeetingisfromJapan.Thisistheroomthat/whichSusanusedtolive.aboutinwhomwhichwhichwhom总结：1.用于介词+关系代词引导定语从句的代词指人用______,指物用_____.2.介词可以提前，也可以放于原来的位置，但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放于原来的位置,如lookfor。Eg:Thisisthepersonwhothatyouarelookingfor.Winterholidaywhichwearelookingforwardtoiscoming.

介词的选择依据：1.介词与从句中的动词,形容词,名词固定搭配

Eg:

Whoisthemanwithwhomourheadmasterisshakinghands?ThetwothingsofwhichtheyfeltveryproudwereJim’sgoldwatchandDella’shair.

feelproudofshakehandswith2.介词与定语从句的先行词的习惯搭配

Eg:

ThefarmonwhichIonceworkedbelongstoarichman.

onthefarm3.表示“所有格”或“整体与部分关系”时，用介词ofEg:Thereareover2,000studentsinourschool,mostofwhomliveinthisdistrict.Herearetwopairsofsocks,eitherofwhichyoumaychoose.Fillintheblankswithproperpreps.Thisisthebook_____whichIspent5yuan.Thisisthebook_____whichIpaid5yuan.Thisisthebook_____whichwecanlearnalot.Thisisthebook_______whichweoftentalk.Thisisthebook_____whichIwrotedownmanynotes.onforfromaboutin1.Thehouse,____wasdestroyedintheterriblefire,hasbeenrepaired.A.theroofofwhichB.whichroofC.theroofofwhoseD.thatroof2.Americanwomenusuallyidentifytheirbestfriendassomeone___theycantalkfrequently.A.whoB.asC.aboutwhichD.withwhomPractice3.Therearetwosmallroomsinthehouse,_____servesasakitchen.A.thesmallerofwhichB.thesmallofwhichC.thesmallerofthemD.thesmallerone区别：Therearetwosmallroomsinthehouse,and_____servesasakitchen.A.thesmallerofwhichB.thesmallofwhichC.thesmallerthatD.thesmallerone关系副词和先行词的关系Istillremembertheday

whenIcamehere.

Thisisthehouse

whereIlivedlastyear.

Therearemanyreasons

why

peopleliketraveling.

Idon’tliketheway

thatyouspeak.

on

theday=whenin

thehouse=whereforthereasons=whyin

theway=that关系副词实际上是介词＋先行词

定语从句与其他从句的区别定语从句和地点状从的区别

Youshouldleavethebookwhereyoucanfind.Youshouldleavethebookonthedeskwhere

youcanfind.地点状语从句定语从句两者的区别在于有无表示地点的名词作先行词，有则是定语从句，反之是状语从句。Puttheclock______yougetit.Puttheclockontheshelf______yougetit.Practicewherewhere2.

定语从句和同位语从句的区别

Thenewsthathewonthefirstprizesurprisedusall.Thenewsthathetoldussurprisedusall.同位语从句定语从句

从语法角度上看，引导同位语从句的that是连词，只起连接的作用，在从句中并不作任何句子成分；而引导定语从句that的是关系代词，除了起连接作用外，还在从句中作句子成分.Themessage__________Igotfromhimisunbelievable.Themessage_______hewillgetmarriednextweekisunbelievable.that/whichthatPractice3.定语从句和结果状语从句的区别

such…as与such…that的区别Heissuch

awarm-heartedpersonaseverybodylikes.Heissuchawarm-heartedpersonthateverybodylikeshim.

两者的区别在于看从句的连接词是否在从句中做成份，做成份的是定从，反之是结果状从。定语从句结果状语从句PracticeThesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice______peopleexpected.A.likeB.asC.thatD.which4．定语从句与主语从句。试比较：①

Asisknowntousall,paperwasfirstmadeinChina.(as引导定语从句，指代整个主句内容，可置于句首)②

ItisknowntousallthatpaperwasfirstmadeinChina.(it做形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句)

5．定语从句与强调结构。试比较：①

ItisthehousewhereImettheyoungman.(where引导定语从句，修饰house，where在定语从句中作地点状语)②

ItwasinthehousethatImettheyoungman.(本句为强调结构，可还原为

Imettheyoungmaninthehouse.)定语从句中的主谓一致

定语从句中的谓语动词的人称和数与先行词保持一致。例如：1.

Herearesuchsentencesasareoftenusedbythestudents.

(as指代sentences,谓语动词用are)。2.

I,whoamaPartymember,shouldworkhardforourcountry.(who指代I,谓语用am.)。3.

Hewasoneofthestudentswhowerepraisedforit.(who指代thestudents)

他是被表扬的学生之一。4.

Hewastheonlyoneofthestudentswhowas

praisedforit.(who指theonlyone)

他是唯一被表扬的学生。（1）找出先行词

a.确定关系代词的人称、数和性

b.确定从句位置（一般在先行词之后）（2）确定关系代词在从句中所担任的成分，以确定关系代词的格（3）确定从句时态

总结：定语从句的辨认与使用思考步骤:Practice1)Whichoneofyou____hasbeento

BeijinghasnotbeentotheGreatWall?

A.whoB.whomC.thatD.which2)--Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?

--Yes,thereisonepoint___wemuststickto.A.whoB.whereC.thatD.when3)Weheardthenews____pleased

everybody.

A.whichB.itC.theyD.who4)Thevillagehasdevelopedalot____welearnedfarmingtwoyearsago.A.whenB.whichC.thatD.where5)HearrivedinNewYorkin2003,____sometimelater,hebecameawriter.

A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which6)LivinginthecentralAustraliandesert

hasitsproblems,___gettingwateris

nottheleast.

A.asB.forwhom

C.ofwhichD.whose7)Theoldmanhastwosons,____are

lawyers.

A.bothofthemB.bothofthesons

C.bothofwhomD.bothoftwo8)Ihavemanybooks,butthebest___

wasborrowedbyMary.

A.ofthatB.ofwhich

C.ofbooksD.ofthem9)Theriver____arecoveredwithtrees

isverylong.

A.whi