2023届高考英语三轮复习·冲刺押题·外刊阅读理解训练 (53)（含答案）

2024届高考英语三轮复习•冲刺押题

外刊阅读理解训练53

----改编自Heartandsoul

【文章】

Attemptstolinkpersonalitytraitswithmusicalpreferenceshave

previouslyfailedduetosmallsamplesizesandculturallyhomogenous

samples.However,arecentstudybyJasonRentfrowatCambridgeUniversity

andGideonNaveoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaindicatesthat

personalitytraitscanindeedpredictmusicalpreferences.

Toensureadiversesamplesize,theresearchersrecruited22,252

participantsfromaroundtheworldthroughtheinternet,with45%being

over22yearsold.Participantswerepresentedwith25excerptsofmusic

thathadbeenassessedandclassifiedbyexpertmusicologists.Each

participantthencompletedastandardpersonalitytesttoratetheirlevel

ofopenness,conscientiousness,extroversion,agreeableness,and

neuroticism.

Thestudyfoundthatopennesswasassociatedwithapreferencefor

“sophisticated”music,whichischaracterizedbybeinginspiring,

complex,anddynamic.Conversely,individualswhoscoredhighinopenness

showedalackofappreciationfor"mellow"and“contemporary“music.

Extrovertsdisplayedapreferencefor“unpretentious“musicthatwas

uncomplicated,relaxing,andacoustic.Agreeableindividualsratedall

musicclipshighly,regardlessofgenre,whilethosewithelevated

neuroticismscoresratedeverythingnegatively.Interestingly,only

conscientiousnessfailedtopredictmusicaltasteinanyway.

Thisstudyprovidesevidencethatpersonalitytraitscanpredict

musicalpreferenceswhenalargeanddiversesampleisused.Itsuggests

thatpeoplewithcertainpersonalitytraitsmaybedrawntodifferent

stylesofmusic.Forexample,individualswhoscorehighinopennessmay

prefermusicthatismorecomplex,whileextrovertsmaypreferacoustic

andrelaxingmusic.However,itisimportanttonotethatnoteveryone

willfitintothesecategories,andfactorssuchaspersonalexperiences

andculturalbackgroundmayalsoinfluencemusicalpreferences.

【重点词汇&词组】

1.personality(n.)-个性

2.traits(n.)-特质

3.musical(adj.)-音乐的

4.preferences(n.)一偏好

5.failed(v.)-失败了

6.sample(n.)一样本

7.sizes(n.)一大小

8.culturally(adv.)-文化上

9.homogenous(adj.)-同质的

10.study(n.)-研究

11.recruited(v.)-招募

12.participants(n.)-参与者

13.internet(n.)-互联网

14.assessed(v.)-评估

15.classified(v.)-分类的

16.expert(adj.)-专家

17.musicologists(n.)一音乐学家

18.completed(v.)-完成

19.standard(adj.)-标准的

20.rate(v.)-评价

21.openness(n.)-开放性

22.preference(n.)-喜好

23.sophisticated(adj.)-复杂的

24.inspiring(adj.)-鼓舞人心的

25.complex(adj.)-复杂的

26.dynamic(adj.)-动态的

27.appreciation(n.)一欣赏

28.mellow(adj.)一悠闲的

29.contemporary(adj.)-当代的

30.extroverts(n.)-性格外向者

31.unpretentious(adj.)-不炫耀的

32.uncomplicated(adj.)-简单的

33.relaxing(adj.)-放松的

34.acoustic(adj.)-声学的

35.agreeable(adj.)-和蔼可亲的

36.neuroticism(n.)-神经质

37.scores(n.)-分数

38.predict(v.)-预测

39.evidence(n.)-证据

40.suggests(v.)-暗示

41.drawn(v.)-吸引

42.styles(n.)-风格

43.categories(n.)-类别

44.personal(adj.)一个人的

45.experiences(n.)-经验

46.cultural(adj.)-文化的

47.background(n.)-背景

48.influence(v.)-影响

49.diversity(n.)-多样性

50.elevated(adj.)-提高的

【阅读理解习题】

1.Whydidpreviousattemptstoconnectpersonalitytraitswith

musicalpreferencesfail?

A.Becausepeoplewerenotinterestedinparticipatinginthe

research.

B.Becausetheresearchersdidnotrecruitenoughparticipantsfrom

differentplaces.

C.Becausetheparticipantswerenotpresentedwithawidevariety

ofmusicgenres.

D.Theanswerisnotmentionedinthearticle.

Answer:B

解析：文章提到之前的研究失败是由于样本太小和文化同质性，这个时候只

要理解其中homogenoussamples即可解答出正确选项。

2.Howmanyparticipantsdidtheresearchersrecruitfortheirstudy?

A.22,252

B.5,000+

C.45%

D.Itisnotstatedinthearticle.

Answer:A

解析：文章提到研究者在互联网上招募了来自全球的22,252名参与者。

3.Whichpersonalitytraitislinkedtoapreferencefor

“sophisticated”music?

A.Neuroticism

B.Agreeableness

C.Conscientiousness

D.Openness

Answer:D

解析：文章指出开放性(openness)的人更容易喜欢〃复杂"琴声的音乐。

4.Whatkindofmusicdoindividualswhoscorehighon

conscientiousnessprefer,accordingtothestudy?

A.Sophisticatedandinspiringmusic.

B.Uncomplicatedandrelaxingmusic.

C.Musicofanygenre.

D.Thestudydidnotfindaconnectionbetweenconscientiousnessand

musicalpreference.

Answer:D

解析•：文章指出唯一一个没有被发现以任何方式影响音乐品味的人格特质为

责任心(conscientiousness),因此应该选择D选项。

5.Howdidtheresearchersassessthemusicexcerptsusedinthestudy?

A.Theywereclassifiedbyexpertmusicologists.

B.Theywerechosenbasedonpersonalpreferences.

C.Theywereselectedrandomlyfromdifferentgenres.

D.Theywerecreatedspecificallyforthestudy.

Answer:A

解析：文章提到研究使用的25段音乐片段是由专家音乐学家评估和分类的。

6.Whopreferred"unpretentious"musicinthestudy?

A.Neuroticindividuals.

B.Agreeableindividuals.

C.Extroverts.

D.Individualswithhighlevelsofconscientiousness.

Answer:C

解析•：文章指出外向性的人对“不矫揉造作”的音乐更感兴趣，因此应选择

C选项。

7.Willeveryonefitintothepersonalitycategoriesoutlinedinthe

study?

A.Yes,becausethestudyprovidesdefinitiveevidenceformusical

preference.

B.No,becausepersonalexperiencesandculturalbackgroundmayalso

influencemusicalpreference.

C.Yes,becausethestudy'ssamplesizewasdiverseenough.

D.No,becausethestudyonlyfocusedonageasadiversityfactor.

Answer:B

解析：虽然这个研究表明人格特质可以预测音乐喜好，但它强调并非每个人

都适合上述模型，并且其他个人因素也可能影响音乐偏好。此题答案为B。

8.Whatisthemainpointofthearticle?

A.Personalitytraitscanaccuratelypredictmusicalpreferences.

B.Previousresearchlinkingpersonalitytraitsandmusical

preferenceswasinvalid.

C.Thestudyfoundthatageisthemostimportantdiversityfactor

inmusicalpreference.

D.Factorssuchaspersonalexperiencesandculturalbackgroundmay

alsoinfluencemusicalpreferences.

Answer:D

解析：文章主要强调个人经验和文化背景等因素尤其重要，可能影响音乐偏

好。虽然文章也提到了相关性的研究结果，但并非该文章主要关注点，因此选项

A并不正确。

【全文逐句对照翻译】

将性格特征与音乐偏好联系起来的尝试此前因样本规模小和文化同质化而

失败。

Attemptstolinkpersonalitytraitswithmusicalpreferenceshave

previouslyfailedduetosmallsamplesizesandculturallyhomogenous

samples.

然而，剑桥大学的杰森•伦特弗洛和宾夕法尼亚大学的吉迪恩•纳夫最近的

一项研究表明，性格特征确实可以预测音乐偏好。

However,arecentstudybyJasonRentfrowatCambridgeUniversityand

GideonNaveoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaindicatesthatpersonality

traitscanindeedpredictmusicalpreferences.

为了确保样本的多样性，研究人员通过互联网从世界各地招募了22252名参

与者，其中45%的人年龄在22岁以上。

Toensureadiversesamplesize,theresearchersrecruited22,252

participantsfromaroundtheworldthroughtheinternet,with45%being

over22yearsold.

研究人员向参与者展示了25段经过音乐专家评估和分类的音乐片段。

Participantswerepresentedwith25excerptsofmusicthathadbeen

assessedandclassifiedbyexpertmusicologists.

然后，每个参与者都完成了一项标准的性格测试，以评估他们的开放性、严

谨性、外向性、宜人性和神经质程度。

Eachparticipantthencompletedastandardpersonalitytesttorate

theirlevelofopenness,conscientiousness,extroversion,agreeableness,

andneuroticism.

研究发现，开放性与对“复杂”音乐的偏好有关，这种音乐的特点是鼓舞人

心、复杂和动态。

Thestudyfoundthatopennesswasassociatedwithapreferencefor

“sophisticated”music,whichischaracterizedbybeinginspiring,

complex,anddynamic.

相反，开放性得分高的人对“柔和”和“现代”音乐缺乏欣赏。

Conversely,individualswhoscoredhighinopennessshowedalackof

appreciationfor“mellow“anducontemporarymusic.

外向的人更喜欢“朴实”的音乐，即不复杂、放松和原声的音乐。

Extrovertsdisplayedapreferencefor“unpretentious“musicthat

wasuncomplicated,relaxing,andacoustic.

随和的人对所有音乐片段都给出了很高的评价，而那些神经质得分较高的人

对所有音乐片段都给出了负面评价。

Agreeableindividualsratedallmusicclipshighly,regardlessof

genre,whi1ethosewi