适用于老高考旧教材广西专版2023届高考英语二轮总复习第一部分语篇型语法填空和短文改错专题六非谓语动词课件

第一部分专题六非谓语动词英语内容索引基础自诊•夯基固本高频考点•探究突破新题演练•能力迁移基础自诊•夯基固本词汇复习6(根据汉语提示填入以b开头的单词的适当形式,然后背诵情景,熟记以b开头的课标高频词汇。)【情景1】Thebadmintonplayerwithabandagearoundhishead1.______________(击败,打败)alltheotherplayers.Thoughhiswound2.________________(打扰)himbadly,he3.__________(打破)theworldrecordatlast,whichwas4.___________(超出)ourexpectation.Weallhopethathecanhavea5.___________(光明的)future,neverabitterlife.

beat

bothered

brokebeyondbright译文

那位头上缠着绷带的羽毛球运动员击败了其他所有的选手。尽管伤病严重地困扰着他,但是他最终打破了世界纪录。这出乎我们的意料。我们都希望他能有一个光明的未来,而不是辛酸的人生。【情景2】Havingtakenadeep1._________(呼吸),thebrave

bridegroom

begantotakebrochuresoutofhisbagandthrewthemdownfromthebalcony.Whenthebrochuresgottothebottomofthebuildinglikebeautiful

butterflies,topeople’ssurprise,abusinessmanwas2.__________(忙着)sweepingthemwithabrown

broom,andhesaidhewouldlightenthe3.___________(负担)ofotherpeopleby4.___________(填埋)orburningthem.Latersomeonetoldmethatinfact,theyweremakinganadvertisementwhichtheybelievecan5.____________(对……有益)thelocalpeople.

breathbusy

burdenburyingbenefit译文

深吸了一口气,那位勇敢的新郎开始从他的包里拿出宣传册子,从阳台上往下扔。当宣传册子像美丽的蝴蝶一样飞到大楼底部的时候,令人们吃惊的是,一位商人忙着用棕色的扫帚打扫宣传册子,他说他将通过填埋或烧毁它们来减轻他人的负担。后来有人告诉我,实际上他们是在做广告,他们认为这会对当地人有益。非谓语,看逻辑;特殊例,单独记;主被要分清,先后要断明。1.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷改编)Theplanwillextendprotectiontoasignificantnumberofareasthatwerepreviouslyunprotected,bringingmanyoftheexistingprotectedareasforgiantpandasunderoneauthority_______________(increase)effectivenessandreduceinconsistenciesinmanagement.

toincrease解析:考查非谓语动词。根据句意并分析句子结构可知,此处用动词不定式做目的状语。故用to

increase。2.(2022·全国乙卷改编)Itcanhelptobuildacommunitywitha_____________(share)futureformankind.

shared解析:考查非谓语动词。此处需要用过去分词做定语,修饰future,表示“共同的未来”。3.(2021·天津3月卷改编)China’sNationalHighway318,________________(extend)over5,000kilometersfromShanghaitoZhangmu,Tibet,isknownasthe“heavenlyroad”foritsamazingviews.

extending解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的国道318号,从上海到西藏樟木,延伸出5

000多千米,因其令人赞叹的景观,以“天堂之路”著称。分析句子成分可知,is

known

as是整个句子的谓语部分,所以空格处应填非谓语动词,extend与主语China’s

National

Highway

318之间存在主动关系,所以用extending。4.(2020·浙江卷改编)Agriculturegavepeopletheirfirstexperienceofthepoweroftechnology________________(change)lives.

5.(2019·天津卷改编)Mostcollegesnowofferfirst-yearstudentsacoursespecially________________(design)tohelpthemsucceedacademicallyandpersonally.

tochange解析:考查非谓语动词。to

change用作定语修饰先行词the

power

of

technology,表示即将发生的事情。句意:农业使人们第一次体验到了即将改变他们生活的科技力量。designed解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:大多数的大学现在都给大一新生开设专门设计的课程来帮助他们在学业和个人方面都获得成功。design和course存在逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词-ed形式做定语。6.(2019·江苏卷改编)China’simageisimprovingsteadily,withmorecountries________________(recognize)itsroleininternationalaffairs.

7.__________________(study)volcanoesformanyyears,Iamstillamazedattheirbeautyaswellaspotentialtocausegreatdamage.

recognizing解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:中国的形象正在稳步提升,越来越多的国家认识到中国在国际事务中的作用。这是一个“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,countries与recognize之间是逻辑上的主动关系,所以用动词-ing形式做宾语补足语。Havingstudied解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:研究火山多年来,我仍然对火山的美丽和造成巨大破坏的潜能感到惊讶。根据后面的逗号可以看出,所填的部分是非谓语动词,结合时间状语for

many

years可知,要用动词-ing形式的完成时。8.Thesignonthewallofthelibrarysays,“Nomagazineisallowed__________________(take)outofthereadingroom.”

9.(2018·北京卷改编)________________(travel)alongtheoldSilkRoadisaninterestingandrewardingexperience.

tobetaken解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:图书馆墙上的牌子上写着:“不准把杂志带出阅览室”。由于magazine和take

out是逻辑上的动宾关系,所以用动词不定式的被动形式。Traveling解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:沿着古老的丝绸之路旅行是一次有趣又有益的经历。分析句子结构可知,

along

the

old

Silk

Road是句子的主语,空处应用动词-ing形式。

10.(2016·天津卷改编)Thecoolingwindsweptthroughourbedroomwindows,________________(make)airconditioningunnecessary.

making解析:考查非谓语动词。句意:凉爽的风通过我们卧室的窗子吹进来,使得开空调没有必要了。本句中的“凉爽的风通过我们卧室的窗子吹进来”与“使得开空调没有必要了”存在因果关系,故用动词-ing形式做结果状语,表示一种自然而然的结果。高频考点•探究突破一、非谓语动词的基本形式

类别基本形式一般式进行式完成式不定式todo;tobedonetobedoingtohavedone;tohavebeendone动词-ing形式doing;beingdone

havingdone;havingbeendone动词-ed形式done二、非谓语动词的注意点1.做宾语的非谓语动词的比较情况常用动词(词组)只接不定式做宾语的动词hope,offer,fail,expect,wish,ask,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,promise,happen只接动词-ing形式做宾语的动词(词组)advocate,allow,avoid,consider,deny,forbid,fancy,mention,oppose,permit,recommend,mind,miss,enjoy,imagine,practise,suggest,finish,escape,excuse,appreciate,admit,keep,risk,resist,considercan’thelp,feellike,succeedin,befondof,objectto,getdownto,beengagedin,insiston,thinkof,beproudof,takepridein,setabout,beafraidof,betiredof,lookforwardto,devoteoneselfto,beworth,bebusy,payattentionto,stickto情况常用动词(词组)两者都可以意义基本相同begin,start,like,love,hate,prefer,continue(接不定式多指具体的动作,接动词-ing形式多指一般或习惯行为)need,want,require,deserve(接动词-ing形式的主动形式表示被动意义,若接不定式则应用被动形式)意义不同remember/forget/regrettodo(指动作尚未发生)remember/forget/regretdoing(指动作已经发生)goontodo(接着做另外一件事)goondoing(接着做同一件事)trytodo(设法,努力去做,尽力)trydoing(试着去做,看有何结果)meantodo(打算做,企图做)meandoing(意思是,意味着)2.非谓语动词做宾语补足语的区别

类别常见动词与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念例句不定式ask,beg,expect,get,order,tell,want,wish,encourage(接带to的不定式做宾语补足语)主谓关系(表示主动)。强调动作即将发生或已经完成Imadehimdohiswork.→Hewasmadetodohiswork(byme).Theysawtheboyfallsuddenlyoffthetree.→Theboywasseentofallsuddenlyoffthetree.see,hear,watch,feel,notice,lookat等感官动词(词组)和let,make,have等使役动词后面,不定式做宾语补足语时要省略to。这样的动词(词组)可归纳为:五看:watch,see,lookat,observe,notice;三让:let,make,have;二听:hear,listento;一感觉:feel。注意:当以上动词(词组)用于被动语态的句子中时,to要还原类别常见动词与宾语的逻辑关系及时间概念例句动词-ing形式notice,see,watch,hear,find,keep,have,feel主谓关系(表示主动)。强调动作正在进行,尚未完成IfoundherlisteningtotheradiowhenIpassedby.动词-ed形式动宾关系(表示被动)。动作已经完成,多强调状态Wefoundthevillagegreatlychanged.3.非谓语动词做定语的区别

类别区别例句不定式与被修饰词之间往往是动宾关系,一般式表示将来,其动作一般晚于谓语的动作发生;进行式表示与谓语的动作同时发生;完成式表示在谓语的动作之前发生Ihavealotofpaperstotype.I’msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.动词-ing形式与被修饰词之间一般是主动关系,表示动作与谓语动作同时发生;有时用于指出被修饰词的用途Lookatthefallingleavesthere.Shallwegototheswimmingpool?动词-ed形式与被修饰词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系,表示动作在谓语动作发生之前已经完成Weneedmuchmorequalifiedworkers.Thegroundiscoveredwithfallenleaves.4.非谓语动词做结果状语的区别

类别意义用法例句不定式表示出乎意料的结果其前往往有only修饰Tomtookataxitotheairport,onlytofindhisplanehighupinthesky.表示一般结果①enoughtodo;②too...todo;③so/such...asto...①Heisoldenoughtogotoschoolbyhimself.②Maryistootiredtogoanyfurther.③Hepreparedsowellastopasstheexamveryeasily.分词表示自然而然的结果常用动词-ing形式,其前可用thus,通常置于句末Morehighwayshavebeenbuilt,makingitmucheasierforpeopletotravelfromoneplacetoanother.新题演练•能力迁移一、用所给动词的适当形式填空1.(2021·广西北海高三一模)Studentscanchoose_______________(spend)theirtimestudyingorhelpthemselvestovariousactivitiesavailable.

2.Therearestillmanyproblems_____________________(solve)beforewearereadyforalongstayonthemoon.

3.________________(complete)in1931,theEmpireStateBuilding,thehighestskyscraperuntil1954,inspiredtheimaginationoftheworld.

4.(2022·广西南宁二模)Withoneortwopairsofkuaibanofdifferentsizesinhand,theperformersspeakinthelocallanguagewhile________________(tell)stories,whichareusuallyaboutsufferersorheroes.

tospendtobesolvedCompletedtelling5.Thenewspacecraft,whichhasnotyetbeennamed,willorbitbeyondLow-EarthOrbit(LEO),________________(carry)fourtosixastronauts.

6.Thelecture_____________________(give),alivelyquestion-and-answersessionfollowed.

7.Heisthought_____________________(act)foolishly.Nowhehasnoonebuthimselftoblameforlosingthejob.

8.Whenitcomesto________________(speak)inpublic,noonecanmatchhim.

9.There’sanotepinnedtothedoor________________(say)whentheshopwillopenagain.

carryinggiven/havingbeengiventohaveactedspeaking

saying10.(2021·广西柳州高三3月模拟)It’sourresponsibility________________(improve)thelivesofourfarmers.

11.(2020·浙江宁波高三5模拟)Stevenhikedthe50-footdistancebetweenhimandthefridgeandwasshocked_________(find)thatitwasfilledwithbeers.

12.Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only________________(find)itdidn’tfit.

13.(2021·广西桂林、崇左高三二模)Thenewsystemsuggestsaddingseparatechopsticksandspoonsfor________________(serve)whenpeopleeattogether.

toimprovetofindtofindserving14.Travelerscanbescannedoncameras_________(use)facialrecognition.

15.Theproducercomesregularlytocollectthecameras________________(return)toourshopforqualityproblems.

16.(2020·北京昌平高三二模)Bobkeptfallingfromthebike,buthisfatherwasalwaysthere,________________(encourage)him.Eventually,hegotthehangofit.

usingreturnedencouraging17.(2022·山东潍坊二模)LucyBlackrecentlybecametheyoungestperson__________________(travel)toeverycountryintheworld.

18.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft,themostrecent________________________(launch)attheendoflastMarch.

totravelhavingbeenlaunched二、单句改错1.(2022·广西南宁高三二模)Infact,Ishouldfeelreallyproudofrepresentmyschool.2.Sometimeswefindhertoreadingunderthetreeinthemorning.3.LiLeiisaskinghisuncle,anEnglishteacher,helphimthinkofanEnglishname.represent→representing去掉tohelp前加to

4.Comparingwiththeoldone,thenewbuildinglooksmorebeautiful.5.(2022·广西桂林、崇左、贺州、河池、来宾高三联合模拟考试)IamwrittentoexpressmyheartfeltthankstoyoubecauseI’vewonfirstprizeintheEnglishSpeechContestofourschool.6.(2021·广西南宁、钦州高三二模改编)Buthavetoomuchofsaltmaycausehealthproblems,fromstrokestoheartdisease.Comparing→Comparedwritten→writinghave→having7.Mycomputerdoesn’twork.Itneedsbeingrepaired.8.Doeyeexerciseseverydaydoesgoodtoyoureyesight.9.(2020·宁夏银川高三一模)Overthenextfewyears,shedevotedherselftothisdiary,notknownthat,manyyearslater,itwouldprovideinspirationforpeopleallovertheworld.beingrepaired→repairing/toberepairedDo→Doingknown→knowing三、语篇填空TheChineseinventedblockprintingmorethan1,400yearsago.Theoriginalcharacterswerecarvedonwoodandinkwasthenapplied.Blockprintingistimeconsumingand1._____________(cost)alotofmanpowerandmaterials.Misprintedcharacterscannotbe2._______________(easy)corrected.Th