高考英语大一轮复习 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero教师用书 试题

Unit5NelsonMandela—amodernhero话题词汇1．achievementn．成就；成绩；功绩2．ambitiousadj.有雄心壮志的3．backgroundn．背景4．characteristicadj.典型的；独特的5．contributionn．贡献6．outgoingadj.爱交际的；外向的7．outstandingadj.优秀的；杰出的8．haveagiftfor对……有天赋9．beenthusiasticabout对……热心10．makeeffortstodosth.努力做某事话题佳作假设你是李平，请根据以下信息，向《英语测试报》的编辑写信投稿，介绍一位传奇人物。姓名：AllanStewart国籍：澳大利亚出生日期：1915年3月7日世界纪录：2006年获硕士学位时年龄最大学习态度：挑战自我，永远为时不晚。第一个学位：1936年获得第二个学位：医学博士第三个学位：80多岁时决定学习法律，2006年获得硕士学位。第四个学位：2012年通过网络学习获得，善于合理安排学习时间，受到老师表扬。参考词汇：硕士学位master’sdegree；博士doctor佳作欣赏DearEditor，HereisalegendaryAustraliannamedAllanStewart，bornonMarch7,1915.Hehasattained4degrees，thefirstofwhichwasobtainedin1936.Aftergettinghisseconddegree，adoctor’sdegreeofmedicine，Mr.Stewartdecidedtotakeuplawinhiseightiesandin2006heobtainedhisthirddegree，leadinghimtosetaworldrecordofbeingtheoldestholderofamaster’sdegree.Hewasawardedthefourthdegreein2012bylearningonline.Andheearnedpraisefromhisteachersformakinggooduseofhistimeforlearning.Yours，LiPing名师点睛本文有效地整合了题目所提供的信息，通过简朴的语言和合理的行文顺序把写作要点准确地表达出来。文中运用了过去分词短语作定语、定语从句、现代分词短语作结果状语等高级句式以及takeup，setaworldrecord，makegooduseof等短语的综合运用，使得语言富于变化，增强了文章的表达效果。A．写作必记单词1．qualityn．品质；质量；性质beofgood/highquality质量高的inquality在质量方面2．activeadj.积极的；活跃的beactivein在……方面积极takeanactivepartin积极参加3．devotevt.献身；专心于(1)devotedadj.忠实的；深爱的bedevotedto致力于，献身于；热爱……(2)Neighborsdevotedtheirsparetimetohelping(help)othersrebuild.(2016·北京)(3)Hedevotedhimselftocommunityactivitiesandwaspraisedbythepeoplearound.→Devotinghimselftocommunityactivities，hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)→Devotedtocommunityactivities，hewaspraisedbythepeoplearound.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)4．peacefuladj.和平的；平静的；安宁的(1)peacen．和平(2)atpeace处于和平状态inpeace平静地makepeacewith和……讲和5．votevt.&vi.投票；选举；n.投票；选票；表决(1)voteon就……投票表决put...tothevote将……付诸表决(2)votefor投票赞成voteagainst投票反对(3)SuHuaisinvitedbyhisuncletovoteforhiscousininthe“FutureSinger”competition.苏华被他的叔叔邀请在“未来歌星”比赛中为他的堂弟投票。(2016·江苏)6．equaladj.相等的；平等的(1)equalityn．相等；平等(2)beequaltosb.in...在……方面与某人相当(3)HeisequaltoTominability.(填介词)(4)Learningtodealwiththesocialworldisequally(equal)important.(2016·北京)7．willingadj.乐意的；自愿的Hedidnotcompromiseeasily，butwaswillingtoacceptanyconstructiveadviceforaworthycause.他不轻易妥协，但他很乐意接受对一项崇高事业的任何建设性的建议。(2016·江苏)8．escapevi.&vt.逃脱；逃走；避开；泄露；被遗忘(1)[写出下列句子中escape的熟词生义]①I’msorry，butyournameescapesme.被遗忘；被忽略②Howwillweknowifthere’sanygasescaping？流出；泄漏(2)Youareluckytoescapepunishment.(同义句转换)→Youareluckytoescapebeingpunished.9．rewardn．报酬；奖金；vt.酬劳；奖赏(1)rewardingadj.值得的；有奖赏的(2)rewardsb.with...for...因为……用……奖赏某人(3)Whenitcomestothesellingofhouses，businessesalsousehighlyrewardingtactics.当提及售房时，企业也利用高回报的策略。(2015·重庆)(4)Irewardedhimwithabookforhishelp.(同义句转换)→Igavehimabookinrewardfor/asarewardforhishelp.B．阅读识记单词10．meanadj.吝啬的；自私的；卑鄙的11．generousadj.慷慨的；大方的12．foundvt.建立；建设13．principlen．法则；原则；原理14．guidancen．指导；领导(1)guidev．指导(2)undertheguidanceof在……指导下guidesb.to...带领某人去……(to为介词)15．legaladj.法律的；依照法律的illegaladj.非法的16．youthn．青年；青年时期用法点拨youth(青年人，年轻人)作主语时，谓语动词多用复数形式，也可用单数形式。17．leaguen．同盟；联盟；联合会18．attackvt.进攻；抨击；攻击(1)underattack遭受攻击(2)Thewhitebloodcellsprotectthebodyfrombeingattacked(attack)bydiseasegerms.19．violencen．暴力；暴行violentadj.暴力的；猛烈的20．educatevt.教育；训练educatedadj.受过教育的；有教养的educationn．教育21．begvi.请求；乞求(1)begyourpardon对不起；请再说一遍(2)Hebeggedthathe(should)beallowed(allow)toleave.22．relativen．亲戚；亲属23．crueltyn．残忍；残酷crueladj.残忍的1．outofwork失业losework失业(表动作)2．asamatteroffact/infact事实上3．blowup使充气；爆炸4．introuble在危险、受罚、痛苦、忧虑等的处境中havetrouble(in)doing...做……有困难takethetroubletodo...不辞劳苦地做……5．turnto求助于；致力于(1)Shehasnoclosefriendstowhomshecanturnforadviceorhelp.(填介词)(2)Moreandmorepeopleturntocomputerscience.越来越多的人从事于计算机科学。6．loseheart丧失勇气或信心(1)loseone’sheartto爱上；喜欢上(2)Weshouldnotloseheartinfaceofdifficulties.面对困难时我们不应该失去信心。(2016·天津)7．setup设立；建立；搭起8．besentencedto被判处……(徒刑)9．inone’sopinion在某人看来用法点拨在该短语中，opinion总是用单数。1．HewasthefirstmantolandonthemooninJuly1969.1969年7月，他成为第一个登上月球的人。(1)In1931，AddamsbecamethefirstAmericanwomantowin(win)theNobelPeacePrize.(2016·全国Ⅰ)(2)Ifwecouldshowconcerntoothersinneed，theworldwouldbeabetterplacetolivein.(填介词)(2014·浙江)用法点拨(1)当被修饰成分前有序数词或最高级及theonly，thevery等修饰时，常用不定式作定语。(2)作定语的动词如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。2．However，thiswasatimewhenonehadgottohaveapassbooktoliveinJohannesburg.然而在那个时候，你要想住在约翰内斯堡就非得要有身份证不可。3．Thelastthirtyyearshaveseenthegreatestnumberoflawsstoppingourrightsandprogress，untiltodaywehavereachedastagewherewehavealmostnorightsatall.过去30年来所出现的大量法律剥夺我们的权利，阻挡我们的进步，一直到今天，我们还处在几乎什么权利都没有的阶段。4．...onlythendidwedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.……只有到那个时候，我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。OnlywhenLilywalkedintotheofficedidsherealizethatshehadleftthecontractathome.直到莉莉走进办公室，她才意识到她把合同忘在家里了。(2015·天津)用法点拨(1)“only＋副词、介词短语、从句”放在句首时，句子用部分倒装形式。(2)“only＋从句”放在句首时，倒装的是主句，从句不倒装。5．IfeltbadthefirsttimeItalkedtoagroup.第一次给一群人作讲解时，我感觉很糟。用法点拨(1)thefirsttime作连词，引导时间状语从句。类似的还有：themoment，theminute，thesecond，theinstant，each/every/next/any/lasttime，immediately，instantly，directly等。(2)forthefirsttime是介词短语，它不能连接从句。Ⅰ.教材与语法填空Elias，apoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica，saidthatthetime1.whenhefirstmetNelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofhislife.In1952，hewenttoseeMandela,2.ablacklawyer，foradvice.Mandelawasgenerouswithhistime，forwhichEliaswasverygrateful.Eliasbeganschoolatsix，buthehadtoleaveschooltwoyearslater3.becausehisfamilycouldn’taffordtheschoolfeesandthebusfare.Asaresult，hehadverylittle4.education(educate)．Aftertryinghard，hegotajobinagoldmine.5.However，toliveinJohannesburg，onehadgottohaveapassbook.Nothavingonebecausehewasnotbornthere，heworriedabout6.whetherhewouldbecomeoutofwork.ThenMandelahelpedhim，tellinghimhowtogetthecorrectpapers7.tostay(stay)inJohannesburg.HebecamemorehopefulabouthisfutureandlaterjoinedtheANCYouthLeague8.organized(organize)byMandela.JustasMandelaputit，theblackswereso9.badly(bad)treatedthattheyhadreachedastagewheretheyhadalmostnorightsatall.In1963，hehelpedMandelablowupsomegovernmentbuildings.Heknewthatonly10.byansweringviolencewithviolencecouldtheyachievetheirdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.Ⅱ.教材与短文改错THERESTOFELIAS’STORYYoucannotimaginewhatthenameofRobbenIslandmadeusafraid.Itwasaprisonfromwherenooneescaped.ThereIspentthehardesttimeofmylife.ButwhenIgetthereNelsonMandelawasalsothereandhehelpedme.Mr.Mandelabeganaschoolforthoseofuswhohadfewlearning.Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeveningwhenweshouldhavebeenasleep.Wereadbooksunderourblanketsandusedanythingwecouldfindmakecandlestoseethewords.Ibecameagoodstudent.IwantedtostudyformydegreeandIwasnotallowedtodothat.Later，Mr.Mandelaallowedtheprisonguardstojoininus.Hesaidtheyshouldnotbestoppedfromstudyingfortheirdegrees.Theywerenotcleverthanme，buttheydidpasstheirexams.SoIknewIcouldgetadegreetoo.Thatmademefeelgoodaboutme.答案THERESTOFELIAS’STORYYoucannotimagineeq\f(what,how)thenameofRobbenIslandmadeusafraid.Itwasaprisonfromeq\f(where,which)nooneescaped.ThereIspentthehardesttimeofmylife.ButwhenIeq\f(get,got)thereNelsonMandelawasalsothereandhehelpedme.Mr.Mandelabeganaschoolforthoseofuswhohadeq\f(few,little)learning.Hetaughtusduringthelunchbreaksandtheeq\f(evening,evenings)whenweshouldhavebeenasleep.Wereadbooksunderourblanketsandusedanythingwecouldfindeq\o(\s\up7(∧),\s\do5(to))makecandlestoseethewords.Ibecameagoodstudent.Iwantedtostudyformydegreeeq\f(and,but)Iwasnotallowedtodothat.Later，Mr.Mandelaallowedtheprisonguardstojoininus.Hesaidtheyshouldnotbestoppedfromstudyingfortheirdegrees.Theywerenoteq\f(clever,cleverer)thanme，buttheydidpasstheirexams.SoIknewIcouldgetadegreetoo.Thatmademefeelgoodabouteq\f(me,myself).Ⅲ.教材与微写作写作素材(关于人物介绍)1．作为律师，我热爱我的工作。2．我相信法律面前人人平等。3．在大家处于困境时，我乐意不计报酬为大家提供帮助。4．事实上，很多人就法律问题向我求助。提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用when引导的时间状语从句。连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)Asalawyer，IamdevotedtomyjobandIbelieveallpeopleareequalbeforethelaw.I’mwillingtogiveahandwithoutrewardswhenpeopleareintrouble.Asamatteroffact，alotofpeopleturntomeforlegaladvice.Ⅰ.阅读理解(2016·四川文星中学月考)Agreatloss—ShirleyTemplediesat85February12,2014BYDERRIKJ.LANG，AssociatedPressShirleyTempleBlack，whodiedonFebruary10thatage85，wasn’tjustachildstar.ShewasTHEchildstar—thesweetlittlegirlwhoseshiningsmilehelpedilluminesomeofthedarkestdaystheUShasknownduringtheGreatDepression.It’shardtodaytoimaginethesuperstarShirleywasonce“America’sLittleDarling”．ShesanganddancedherwaytothetopoftheboxofficeinsuchfilmsasBrightEyes，CurlyTopandHeidi.By1940，shehadappearedin43films.TempleteamedwithBillRobisoninfourmovies，andtheirdanceonthestairsinTheLittleColonelisstillalegendaryfilmmoment.Inthe1930s，hernameonamovieintroductionassured(保证)apackedhouse.Sheinspireddolls，dresses，dishes—evenadrink(alcohol­free，ofcourse)．USPresidentFranklinD．Rooseveltoncefamouslysaidthat“aslongasourcountryhasShirleyTemple，wewillbeallright”．Unlikesomanyoftoday’schildstars，Templedidn’tendupwithhernameappearingacrosstheheadlinesforbadbehaviors.Insteadofgettingherphotosonfrontpagesorstrugglingwithdrugsandalcohol，Templewentontoasecondcareerindiplomacy(外交)，includingpresidentialappointmentsasambassadortoGhana.Shesurprisedalotofpeoplewhodoubtedherwithhergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.Infact，hercareerinpublicservice(20years)waslongerthanhercareerinmovies(19years)．Theroleshevaluedmost，however，wasaswife，mother，grandmotherandgreat­grandmother.TheworldhaslostatreasuredHollywoodlegend.Buthermovieswillallowthatlittledynamicfiguretocontinuecharmingaudiencesforaverylongtime.语篇解读这是美联社的一篇新闻报道，告诉读者秀兰·邓波儿辞世的消息。本文叙述了秀兰·邓波儿的生平简介。叙述了她对于当时美国社会的贡献，以及她个人的家庭观念。1．Theword“illumine”inParagraph1means“”．A．shorten B．sweetenC．strengthen D．brighten答案D解析词义猜测题。根据第一段的叙述，她是一名童星，她灿烂的笑容让在美国的大萧条时期中面对最黑暗时刻的人们看到了光明。shorten缩短；sweeten变甜；strengthen加强；brighten照亮。故选D。2．Temple，asachildmoviestar，canbestbedescribedas.A．sweetandlivelyB．gentleandkindC．smartandknowledgeableD．shyandattractive答案A解析推理判断题。sweetandlively甜美活泼；gentleandkind温柔和蔼；smartandknowledgeable聪明且知识渊博；shyandattractive害羞且有吸引力。从全文对作为一个童星的邓波儿的描述来看，“甜美活泼”最合适。故选A。3．Whatpartdidsheregardasthemostimportantinherlife?A．Atopmoviestar.B．Abusinesswoman.C．Herfamilyrole.D．Herdiplomacycareer.答案C解析细节理解题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“Theroleshevaluedmost，however，wasaswife，mother，grandmotherandgreat­grandmother.”可知，她最为看重的角色是妻子、母亲、祖母以及曾祖母。也就是在家庭中的角色。故选C。4．Wheredoesthispassagepossiblycomefrom?A．Abiography. B．Anewspaper.C．Amagazine. D．Aposter.答案B解析文章出处题。biography传记；newspaper报纸；magazine杂志；poster海报。根据新闻报道正文开头的时间和“BYDERRIKJ.LANG,AssociatedPress”可知，这是美联社的一篇新闻报道，告诉读者秀兰·邓波儿辞世的消息，应该是在报纸上。故选B。Ⅱ.七选五(2016·湖北黄冈中学模拟)Whilegoingthroughlifewiththepursuitofmoneyinourmind，we’reoftentoldthatmoneycan’tbuyhappiness.Butwhattruthisthereinthesaying?Istherearelationbetweenmoneyandhappiness？1Humansareverysensitivetochange.Whenwegetarise，wereallyenjoyit.ButsomestudieshaveshownthatinNorthAmerica，additionalincomebeyond75,000dollarsayearstopsimpactingday­to­dayhappiness.2Theyoftenendupspendingallthemoney，goingintodebt，andexperienceruinedsocialrelationships.Sosurelymoneycan’treallybuyhappiness.Well，recentstudiessuggestthattheproblemmayactuallybeinthewaythatwespendmoney.3Studiesshowthatpeoplewhospendtheirmoneyonothersfeelhappier.Asforthepeoplewhospendmoneyonthemselves，theirhappinessisunchanged.4Oneexperimentshowedthatinsteadofanorganizationwritingalargechecktoacharity，dividingtheamountupamongemployees，allowingthemtocontributetoacharityoftheirchoice，increasedtheirjobsatisfaction.Similarly，individualsthatspendmoneyoneachother，asopposedtothemselves，notonlyincreasejobsatisfaction，butimprovetheteamperformance.5Interestingly，thespecificwaymoneyisspentonothersisn’timportant.Spendingsomethingonothersistheimportantaspectofincreasingyourhappiness.A．Thesameprinciplehasbeentestedonteamsandorganizationsaswell.B．Moneyhasmoreeffectonthevastmajorityofpeopleinthelongrun.C．Insteadofbuyingthingsforyourself，trygivingsomeofittootherpeopleandseehowyoufeel.D．Andifso，howcanweuseittoouradvantage?E．Almosteverywherewelookintheworld，weseethatgivingmoneytoothersispositivelyrelatedtohappiness.F．Andwhileyou’resavingupforthesegreatestexperiences，don’tforgetthedailyjoysinlife.G．Infact，peoplewhowinalotteryareoftenreportedtohavebecomeextremelyunhappy.eq\x(语篇解读本文讲述了钱和幸福之间的关系。)1．答案D解析根据上一句“钱和幸福有关系吗？”可知，下一句是“如果有关系，我们该怎样把钱用得对我们有利？”故选D。2．答案G解析根据下一句“他们花光了所有的钱，负债累累”可知，那些赢了彩票的人经常被报道说不幸福。3．答案C解析根据上文“问题在于我们花钱的方式”及下文“为他们花钱感到更幸福”可知，此处应为“不要只给自己买东西，而要试着给其他人买些东西并且看看(那样做)我们感觉如何。”故选C。4．答案A解析根据下文“oneexperimentshowedthat...”中的“experiment”可知，设空处应为总体介绍此法则在实验中的测试。故选A。5．答案E解析根据下文可知，放眼看看整个世界，我们都可看到把钱给别人与幸福有着积极的联系。故选E。Ⅲ.完形填空(2016·广东湛江一中期中)Haveyoueverwatchedanartistpaintapicture？Heorsheworksclosetothecanvas1smallsectionsatatimeintheprocessofcompletingthewholepainting.Buteveryonceinawhile，the2muststepbackfromhis/herworkandlookatthewholepicture.Onlybysteppingawayfromwhatthey’reworkingoncanthey3theproperperspective(视角，观点)．Theproperpointofviewis4totheendresult.It’snodifferenceforanyothercreation.5it’sabusiness，aprojectoryourlife，youneedtostepback6inordertogetitright.Froma7，youcanseethingsyoucan’tseewhenyou’reclose.Thedifferenceisinworkingonyourproject8workinginit.It’salltooeasytofocusonsomethingbut9theimportantpartsneededtocreateasatisfyingresult.StephenCoveycallsit“10thesaw(锯)”．Itwouldbe11tokeepsawingwithoutstoppingfromtimetotimetomakeyour12sharper.Butunfortunately，that’swhattoomanyofus13.Justlikemusic，weneedspaces14thenotesinordertocreatethelovelymelody(旋律)．Acontinuouscollectionofnoteswithnospacesisnotgood—it’s15.Youmayneedtotakeavacationto16workorstudy.Atothertimes，it’sbettertotakeacourseorattendameetingto17somenewideas.Sometimes，itmaybebettertotakeacompletebreak，togoawayandjustdosomethingtotally18—takeonavolunteerproject，buildahouseforHabitatforHumanityorsomeotherworthycauses.Theimportantthingistotakethebreaks.Withoutthem，wearenot19andwedon’tenjoyourworkorourlifeasmuch.Ourpressure20andbothourworkandourhealthsuffer.语篇解读本文说的是你在做任何事情的时候都要时不时地站远了看，把视野放大一点，调整自己的方向。1．A.picking B．paintingC．losing D．enjoying答案B解析结合上一句中的“anartistpaintapicture”及空后的“completingthewholepainting”可知，此处指艺术家靠近油画布画画。2．A.scientist B．teacherC．physicist D．artist答案D解析结合上下文语境，特别是该空后的“thewholepicture”可知，此处指的是艺术家(artist)。3．A.turn B．changeC．gain D．give答案C解析艺术家走到离画布远一点的地方是为了获得(gain)更合适的创作视角。4．A.important B．specialC．ordinary D．popular答案A解析根据下一段的内容可知，此处表示合适的视角对作品最后的效果很重要(important)。5．A.Although B．WhereC．Because D．Whether答案D解析不管(whether)是生意、工程还是生活，你都需要不时地往后退一些。6．A.finallyB．sometimesC．immediatelyD．slowly答案B解析不时地(sometimes)往后退一些是为了更好地进行下去。此处的sometimes与第二段第一句中的“everyonceinawhile”相照应。7．A.height B．depthC．distance D．length答案C解析fromadistance在远处，与后面的“whenyou’reclose”相对应。隔一段距离(distance)，你能够看到在近处所看不到的东西。8．A.insteadof B．togetherwithC．suchas D．lessthan答案A解析空格处连接两种不同的情景，因此用“insteadof”表示转折。9．A.meet B．destroyC．collect D．miss答案D解析做事情过于投入会漏掉(miss)一些重要的部分，而这些部分是创造出令人满意的结果所必需的。10．A.repairing B．sharpeningC．touching D．hiding答案B解析结合上文语境及后面的“sharper”可知，此处表示使锯锋利。故选sharpening。11．A.foolish B．interestingC．clever D．practical答案A解析根据上文中强调的“后退”的重要性及“磨刀不误砍柴工”的道理可知，一味工作而不懂得停下来是很愚蠢的(foolish)行为。12．A.way B．mindC．tool D．sense答案C解析根据上文中提到的“saw(锯)”可知，此处应选tool。13．A.notice B．doC．find D．lose答案B解析但不幸的是我们多数人都是这么做(do)的，即一味做事而不懂得停下来。14．A.through B．beforeC．behind D．between答案D解析音符之间(between)需要有空隙才能产生优美的旋律。15．A.music B．noiseC．sound D．pollution答案B解析该空与上一句中的“thelovelymelody”相对应。音符间没有空隙的音乐，毫无旋律可言，这种音乐是噪音(noise)。16．A.lookforwardto B．catchupwithC．getawayfrom D．workhardat答案C解析也许你需要度假来远离(getawayfrom)工作和学习。lookforwardto期待；catchupwith赶上；workhardat努力做。17．A.obtain B．proveC．desert D．explain答案A解析在其他时候，参加课程或会议更能获取(obtain)一些新点子。18．A.difficult B．necessaryC．common D．different答案D解析该空后提到的事情是与平时工作不同的(different)。19．A.native B．creativeC．attractive D．sensitive答案B解析不注意休息，我们就不会有创造力。此处与上一段第二句中的“newideas”照应，故选creative。20．A.reduces B．disappearsC．increases D．improves答案C解析压力增加(increase)，会使我们的工作和健康都遭受损害。Ⅰ.词汇拓展1．depressionn．不景气；萧条；萎靡不振；沮丧depressingadj.令人压抑的；沉闷的depressedadj.感到沮丧的；消沉的；萧条的2．treasuren．宝藏；珍宝；vt.珍惜；重视(1)treasuredadj.珍贵的(2)IaminNovaScotiaonapilgrimage(朝圣)withLise，mygranddaughter，seekingrootsforher，retracing(追溯)treasured(treasure)memoryforme.3．charmingadj.迷人的；可爱的；英俊的(1)charmn．魅力；v.使高兴；吸引(2)ItwasOurHome，smallandcharming(charm)，overlookingaquietlake.(2015·天津)4．asfor关于；至于(1)asto关于；至于(2)AsformyfavoritefigureinChinesehistoryitmustbeWeiYuan，agreatthinkerinthelateQingDynasty.(2016·北京)至于中国历史上我最喜欢的人物，那肯定是魏源，他是清朝末期一个伟大的思想家。5．asopposedto与……相对；而不是(1)beopposedto反对……(2)Ihavebeenconsistentlyopposedtofeeding(feed)ababyregularly.6．intheprocessof在……过程中Ashighschoolstudents，werunintoonedifficultyafteranotherintheprocessoflearning(在学习的过程中)．Ⅱ.句式升级1．Shesurprisedalotofpeoplewhodoubtedherwithhergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.→Whatsurprisedalotofpeoplewhodoubtedherwashergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.(用what引导的主语从句改写)→Alotofpeoplewhodoubtedherweresurprisedwithhergrace，knowledgeandeagernesstoserve.(用被动语态改写)2．Whilegoingthroughlifewiththepursuitofmoneyinourmind，we’reoftentoldthatmoneycan’tbuyhappiness.(补全句子)→Whilewegothroughlifewiththepursuitofmoneyinourmind，we’reoftentoldthatmoneycan’tbuyhappiness.3．Similarly，individualsthatspendmoneyoneachother，asopposedtothemselves，notonlyincreasejobsatisfaction，butimprovetheteamperformance.(同义句改写)→Similarly，individualsspendingmoneyoneachother，ratherthanthemselves，improvetheteamperformanceaswellasincreasejobsatisfaction.Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．Theyarecompletelyfearlessandwillreadilytakeonacreaturemuchlargerthanthemselves，attacking(attack)inlargegroupsandovercomingtheirtarget.(2015·安徽)2．Secondly，suchaninclusionmaygiverisetoprejudicesoftheeducated(educate)againstthosewithlittleknowledgeofEnglish.(2014·江苏)3．Youwillnevergainsuccessunlessyouarefullydevoted(devote)toyourwork.(2014·湖南)4．Thetwogroupsrememberedtheinformationequally(equal)well.(2015·安徽)5．ProjectORBISalsoaimsatpromotingpeaceful(peace)cooperationamongcountries.(2014·江西)6．Hewrotethereportundertheguidanceofhisteacher.7．Hopefully(hope)thatgivesyouagoodstart.Letcookingandlivingsimplybeajoyratherthanaburden.(2014·新课标全国Ⅱ)8．Scientistshaveadvancedmanytheoriesaboutwhyhumanbeingscrytears，noneofwhichhasbeenproved.(2016·浙江)9．Forfivedays，Edmonton’sDowntownParkistransformedintoonehugestagewhereartistsareabletosharetheirtalents.10．ThedriverdeclaredguiltymaybefinedamaximumofHK25,000andbesentenced(sentence)toupto3yearsinprison.Ⅱ.运用本单元所学短语完成下列片段Thesituationhasbecomeworseandworsesincethenewgovernment11.cametopower(上台；执政)．Iam12.outofwork(失业)；Idon’tknowwhomto13.turnto(求助于)．Ithoughtofmyheadteacheroneday，whoalwaysencouragedusnotto14.loseheart(失去信心)andbehopefulaboutthefuturewhenweare15.introuble(处境困难)．Ⅲ.完成句子16．只有经过一年的友好讨论，Garza女士才最终答应了。(2016·全国Ⅰ)OnlyafterayearoffriendlydiscussiondidMs.Garzafinallysayyes.17．第一次看到SuzyKhan，我就知道我得帮她。(2014·北京)ThefirsttimeIsawSuzyKhan，IknewIhadtohelpher.18．这就是为什么许多成功人士建议你去做你喜欢的事情的一个很大的原因。Thisisabigreasonwhymanysuccessfulpeopleadviseyoutodosomethingyoulove.19．我真的想采访他，因为他不仅是第一个去太空的中国人，而且他也是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。(2015·安徽)IwouldreallyliketointerviewhimbecauseheisnotonlythefirstChinesetogotospacebutalsooneofthegreatestastronautsintheworld.20．很多年轻人前往偏远地区去追逐梦想，他们中的大多数人都受过良好的教育。(2016·江苏)Manyyoungpeople，mostofwhomwerewell­educated，headedforremoteregionstochasetheirdreams.Ⅳ.阅读理解(2017·吉林梅河口五中段考)Aqualifieddoctorwhorarelypracticedbutinsteaddevotedhislifetowriting，heoncesaid：“Medicineismylawfulwife，andliteratureismylover.”Russianwriter，AntonPavlovichChekhov，wasagreatplaywrightandoneofthemastersofthemodernshortstory.WhenChekhoventeredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolin1879，hestartedtopublishhundredsofcomicshortstoriestosupporthisfamily.Afterhegraduated，hewroteregularlyforalocaldailynewspaper.Asawriterhewasextremelyfast，oftenproducingashortstoryinanhourorless.Chekhov’smedicalandscienceexperiencecanbeseenthroughtheindifference(冷漠)manyofhischaractersshowtotragicevents.In1892，hebecameafull­timewriterandpublishedsomeofhismostmemorablestories.ChekhovoftenwroteaboutthesufferingsoflifeinsmalltownRussia.Tragiceventscontrolhischaracterswhoarefilledwithfeelingsofhopelessnessanddespair.ItisoftensaidthatnothinghappensinChekhov’sstoriesandplays.Hemadeupforthiswithhisexcitingtechniquefordevelopingdramawithinhischaracters.Chekhov’sworkcombinedthecalmattitudeofascientistanddoctorwiththesensitivity(敏感)ofanartist.SomeofChekhov’sworksweretranslatedintoChineseasearlyasthe1940s.Oneofhisfamousstories，TheManinaShell，aboutaschoolteacher’sextraordinarilyorderlylife，wasselectedasatextforChineseseniorstudents.eq\x(语篇解读本文介绍了俄罗斯伟大的现代短篇小说家——契诃夫。)21．WhichofthefollowingistheRIGHTorderoftheevents?a．becameadoctorb．becameafull­timewriterc．startedtopublishcomicshortstoriesd．wroteregularlyforalocaldailynewspapere．enteredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolA．e→c→b→a→d B．e→c→a→d→bC．d→a→b→c→e D．a→e→d→c→b答案B解析细节理解题。要求排列事件顺序，可用首尾定位法。第一个事件是“enteredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchool”；最后一个事件是“becameafulltimewriter”，故答案为B。22．AntonPavlovichChekhov.A．wasonceadoctorB．hadalawfulloverC．usedtobealawyerD．wasanillegalwriter答案A解析细节理解题。根据第一段第一句中的“Aqualifieddoctorwhorarelypracticedbutinsteaddevotedhislifetowriting...”可知，契诃夫曾经是名医生。故选A。23．In1880，Chekhov.A．becameafull­timewriterB．publishedhismostmemorablestoriesC．studiedmedicineinMoscowUniversityD．practicedmedicineinhishometown答案C解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的“WhenChekhoventeredtheMoscowUniversityMedicalSchoolin1879”可知契诃夫1879年进入莫斯科大学学医，由此可以判定契诃夫1880年正在大学学医。故选C。24．WhichofthefollowingadjectivesCAN’TbeusedtodescribeChekhov?A．Sensitive. B．Cool.C．Quick­minded. D．Warm­hearted.答案D解析细节理解题。文中讲到了他的品质有：cool，sensitive(calmattitudeofascientistanddoctorwiththesensitivity...)，quick­minded(extremelyfast，oftenproducingashortstoryinanhourorless)，但没有涉及到warm­hearted这方面的品质。故选D。Ⅴ.完形填空(2017·江西樟树中学、高安二中等六校联考)OnedayItookabuswithmygirlfriend.Itwasso25thatwestoodforseveralstopsuntilavacantseatwas26forher.Thenaprettygirlrushedtowardme，saying，“Hi，whereareyougoing？”IwassostruckbythestrangerthatIhadahardtimetryingto27her.Clearlyshehadtakenme28somebodyelse.Ireturnedhergreetingwithpoliteness，29togiveexplanationtomygirlfriendlater.Noticingmydialoguewithsomebodyelse，mygirlfriend30hereyesandfoundshewaspretty.Sheaskedjealously，“Who’sshe？”Theprettygirl，quite31ofthesituation，spokeoutfirst，“Hi，letme32myself.I’mNancy；weusedtobe33.Verygladtomeetyou.”Shebehavedvery34.ButIwas35tosearchinmymemoryforsomeonecalledNancyamongmyneighbors.Iwasworryingabouthowtoexplainthistomygirlfriend36theprettygirlagainturnedtome，“Willyougivemeyourcellphonenumbersothatwe37keepcontactslater？”Ihadtosubmit(服从)toher38.Thenthegirlgotoffthebusatthenextstop.AminutelaterIgotashort39onmyphone—fromastranger.Mygirlfriend40myphoneandreadthenote.Itwasfromthegirl，whosaid，“Justnow，twothievestriedto41yourpocket.Ihadtoactasanacquaintancetodrawyourattention.Ishouldhaveleftatthe42stopbutgaveupasInoticedthesetwothievesalso43toleaveatthesamestop.Becauseofthe44Idelayedmydeparture.Nowyou’llunderstandallIhavedonetoyou.Wishyouluck.”语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了有一天“我”和女朋友在一辆公共汽车上，有两个小偷想偷“我”的钱包，却被一个漂亮女孩发现以及这个女孩如何帮“我”摆脱这两个小偷的故事。25．A.tiring B．crowdedC．slow D．messy答案B解析根据本空后的“westoodforseveralstopsuntilavacantseat”可知，当时车上人很多，是很拥挤的(crowded)，故B项正确。26．A.ready B．specialC．available D．suitable答案C解析根据本空前的内容及“avacantseat”可知，站了好几站，她才有座。available表示“可获得的”，故C项正确。27．A.identify B．realizeC．remind D．judge答案A解析根据本空前的“Iwassostruckbythestranger”可知，作者并不认识那个女孩。identify表示“辨认出，识别”，故A项正确。28．A.on B．forC．with D．by答案B解析上文说作者并不认识这个女孩，所以此处指作者认为她一定是把他误以为是别人了。takefor表示“误以为”，故B项正确。29．A.preferring B．promisingC．managing D．planning答案D解析句意为：我友好地和那个女孩打招呼，准备稍后再向女朋友解释。plan计划；打算。故D项正确。30．A.fixed B．openedC．focused D．raised答案D解析根据本空后的“hereyesandfoundshewaspretty.”可知，女朋友抬起双眼看那女孩。raise表示“抬高，使上升”，故D项正确。31．A.proud B．carefulC．aware D．afraid答案C解析上文说女朋友问作者这个女孩是谁，再结合本空后的“spokeoutfirst”可知，女孩意识到这个情况后，先开口说话了。beawareof表示“意识到”，故C项正确。32．A.explain B．introduceC．enjoy D．help答案B解析根据本空后的“I’mNancy”可知，小女孩在介绍(introduce)自己，故B项正确。33．A.partners B．friendsC．neighbors D．colleagues答案C解析根据下文中的“searchinmymemoryforsomeonecalledNancyamongmyneighbors”可知，小女孩说我们曾经是邻居(neighbor)，故C项正确。34．A.naturally B．generouslyC．cautiou