新概念英语课件NCE3-lesson14（共28张）

Lesson14

Anoblegangster贵族歹徒

IWarmupWhatdoesthetitlemean?Gangster:Amemberofanorganizedgroupofcriminals;aracketeer歹徒，暴徒,有组织犯罪团伙中的一员；诈骗犯Noble:1,Possessinghereditaryrankinapoliticalsystemorsocialclassderivedfromafeudalisticstageofacountry‘sdevelopment贵族的 2,Havingorshowingqualitiesofhighmoralcharacter,suchascourage,generosity,orhonor高尚的，崇高的,有或表现出极高的道德品质的，如勇敢、大度或人格IINewwords&Expressionsgangster歹徒,暴徒,诈骗犯 thug凶手,暴徒；强盗

murderer杀手，杀人犯

bandit(尤指带枪)抢劫者,匪徒,歹徒

robber强盗，盗贼

thief小偷,贼

pickpocket扒手

hooligan小流氓；无赖IINewwords&Expressionsdestroy

完全破坏；消灭 eg.destroyahouse,destroyone’shoperuin

彻底破坏；毁灭 eg.Thefireruinedthebooksinthelibrary. ruinone'shope使希望破灭damage

部分损失；损害，损坏 eg.damageacar,damageabuildingspoil损坏,搞糟,宠坏,溺爱（抽象的） eg.spoilaholiday,spoilachildwreck破坏，(由于或好象由于相撞而)导致毁坏 eg.wreckacar,wreckone’shope/planIINewwords&Expressionshirevi.（1）（短期，体力）雇佣 （2）（暂时）租赁

Phrase:hiresth(out)tosb把…租给别人 hiresthfromsb从别人那租到…eg.Wehiredanadvertisingcompanytohelpussellournewsoftware. Hehiredacarfortwodays. "Whydon'tyouhireoutyourspareroomtootherpeople,andearnsomemoney? Youmayhireasuitfromtheshopforyourwedding.IINewwords&Expressionsemployv. （长期，脑力）雇佣eg.Weemployedhimasanadviser. Hewasemployedbythatcompanyasaprogrammer.employee雇员、职员employer雇主、老板IINewwords&Expressionsrent

v.（长期）租赁

Phrase:rentsth(out)tosb把…租给别人 rentsthfromsb从别人那租到…eg.WerentedahousefromMr.Wang. Mr.Wangrentedahousetous.letv.出租Phrase:letsthtosb把…租给别人eg.Helethishousetothestudentsforaterm.IINewwords&Expressionsdedicatev.

Phrase:bededicatedto

sth献身于...dedicateoneselfto

sth/dedicateone’slifetosth献身于...dedicate...tosb把(作品)奉献给某人 dedicate…tosth花费（时间，精力）在某事上eg.Heisdedicatedtoscience. Hededicatedhislifetotheserviceofhiscountry. Hededicatedhisfirstbooktohismother. HededicateshisSaturdaystofootball.IINewwords&Expressionsmemory：n记忆（sweetmemories)Memorable:adj.值得纪念的,难忘的memorial纪念物,纪念馆,memorize记住,记忆memorandom(memo)备忘录IIITextStudyPleasecloseyourtextbooks.Listentothetapeofthetextcarefullyandtrytoanswerthefollowingquestion:

HowdidSirHawkwoodmakemoneyintimesofpeace?

(Heandhismenwouldburndownafewfarmsandthendemandprotectionmoneyfromthecity-state.)Readthetextbyyourselvesandpayattentiontotheusageoftheverb“have”.IIITextStudyExplainthetext:

TherewasatimewhentheownersofshopsandbusinessesinChicagohadtopaylargesumsofmoneytogangstersinreturnfor“protection”.(1)

Structure:“when”introducesanattributiveclausetomodify“atime”.

“when”引导定语从句修饰“atime”。(2)Phrases:havetodo:objectivenecessity

客观必要性

inreturn(for…):asarepayment(for),inexchange(for)

作为(...的)报答eg.IwishIcoulddosomethinginreturnforhiskindnesstome. IgavehimaChristmaspresentbuthegavemenothinginreturn. IteachhimEnglishinreturnfortheJapaneselessonshegivesme.IIITextStudyExplainthetext:

Ifthemoneywasnotpaidpromptly,thegangsterswouldquicklyputamanoutofbusinessbydestroyinghisshop.(1)

Structure:“If”introducesaconditionalclause.“If”引导条件状语从句。(2)Phrase:putsboutofbusiness使．．．破产

putsth/sb+adv./prep.+n.:placeinacertainpositionorsituation使…处于某种位置或状态下 eg.Putthematteroutofyourmind. You’veputmeoutofpatience. You’veputmeinabadtemper. Thepolicehaveputthemaninprison.IIITextStudyExplainthetext:

Aslongagoasthefourteenthcentury,anEnglishman,SirJohnHawkwood,madetheremarkablediscoverythatpeoplewouldratherpaylargesumsofmoneythanhavetheirlifeworkdestroyedbygangsters..

(1)

Structure:“that”introducesanappositiveclausetomodify“theremarkablediscovery”(2)

Phrases:aslongagoas:asearlyas as+adv./adj.+as:usedforemphasis,usuallyusedinwrittenEnglish用来表强调，常见于书面语中eg.Isawhimasrecentlyasyesterday. He’llcomebackaslateasnextmonth. Theteachercametoschoolasearlyas7:00.

IIITextStudyExplainthetext:

Aslongagoasthefourteenthcentury,anEnglishman,SirJohnHawkwood,madetheremarkablediscoverythatpeoplewouldratherpaylargesumsofmoneythanhavetheirlifeworkdestroyedbygangsters.(2)

Phrases:wouldratherdothandoeg.I’drathergowithyouthanstayhere. I’dratherdomyhomeworknowthanputituntiltomorrow.havesthdone使…被做eg.IhadmyfingercutwhenIwascookingyesterday.

Hehadhiscarcrashedintothewall.IIITextStudyExplainthetext:

HesoonmadeanameforhimselfandcametobeknowntotheItaliansasGiovanniAcuto.Phrases:makeanameforoneself/makeone’sname出名，成名eg.Hemadeanameforhimselfasaconcertpianist. 他以交响乐钢琴演奏家成名。 Shefirstmadehernameasanactress. 她当初是以演员而出名的。beknowntosb(as…)（以…）为...所熟知eg.ZhouXingchiisknowntotheaudienceas“afarcestar”. Heisknowntothepoliceasapickpocket.IIITextStudyExplainthetext:

WhenevertheItaliancity-stateswereatwarwitheachother,Hawkwoodusedtohirehissoldierstoprinceswhowerewillingtopaythehighpricehedemanded.(1)Structure:“whenever”introducesanadverbialclauseofconcession;themainclauseconsistsofanattributiveclauseintroducedby“who”tomodify“princes”;thenintheattributiveclause“(that)hedemanded”isanotherattributiveclausetomodify“thehighprices”. “whenever”引导让步状语从句；主句中出现了一个由“who”引导的定语从句来修饰“princes”；定语从句中又出现了一个定语从句“(that)hedemanded”来修饰“thehighprices”。IIITextStudyExplainthetext:

Intimesof

peace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoacity-stateand,afterburningdownafewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayifprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.(1)Paraphrase:Intimesof

peace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoacity-stateand

aftertheyhadburntdownafewfarms,theywouldoffertogoawayifprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.IIITextStudyExplainthetext:

Intimesof

peace,whenbusinesswasbad,Hawkwoodandhismenwouldmarchintoacity-stateand,afterburningdownafewfarms,wouldoffertogoawayifprotectionmoneywaspaidtothem.(2)Structure:“when”introducesanadverbialclauseoftime;themainclauseismadeofacompoundstatementconnectedby“and”;theninthesecondclauseofthecompoundstatement"if”introducesanadverbialclauseofcondition.“afterburningdownafewfarms”isa“prep.+gerund”phraseusedasadverbialoftime. “when”引导时间状语从句；主句是一个由“and”连接的并列句，并列句的第二个分句内又出现了由“If”引导的条件状语从句。“afterburningdownafewfarms”

是一个“介词+动名词”组成的短语做时间状语。 IIITextStudyExplainthetext:

Whenhediedattheageofeighty,theFlorentinesgavehimastatefuneralandhadapicturepaintedwhichwasdedicatedtothememoryof“themostvaliantsoldierandmostnotableleader,SignorGiovanniHaukodue”.(1)

Structure:“when”introducesanadverbialclauseoftime;

themainclauseismadeofacompoundstatementconnectedby“and”;theninthesecondclauseofthecompoundstatement“which”introducesanattributiveclausetomodify“apicture”. “when”引导时间状语从句；主句是一个由“and”连接的并列句，并列句的第二个分句内又出现了由“which”引导的定语从句修饰“atime”。IIITextStudyExplainthetext:

Whenhediedattheageofeighty,theFlorentinesgavehimastatefuneralandhadapicturepaintedwhichwasdedicatedtothememoryof“themostvaliantsoldierandmostnotableleader,SignorGiovanniHaukodue”.(2)Phrases:havesthdone:asktheprofessionaltodosth请专业人员做…(comparewithII3(4))eg.Myhairislong.I’llhaveitcuttomorrow.tothememoryof:为了纪念，以纪念eg.Hefoundedtheschooltothememoryofhislatewife. Themonumentwasbuilttothememoryoftheheroesdiedintherevolution.IIITextStudyWhatdoesthetitlemean?Gangster:Amemberofanorganizedgroupofcriminals;aracketeer歹徒，暴徒,有组织犯罪团伙中的一员；诈骗犯Noble:1,Possessinghereditaryrankinapoliticalsystemorsocialclassderivedfromafeudalisticstageofacountry‘sdevelopment贵族的 2,Havingorshowingqualitiesofhighmoralcharacter,suchascourage,generosity,orhonor高尚的，崇高的,有或表现出极高的道德品质的，如勇敢、大度或人格KeyStructuresReadthefollowingpassageandtelltheusageof“have”:FishandchipshasalwaysbeenafavouritedishinBritain,butastheoceanshavebeenover-fished,fishhasbecomemoreandmoreexpensive.SoitcomesasasurprisetolearnthatgiantfishareterrifyingthediversonNorthSeaoilrigs.Oilrigshavetoberepairedfrequentlyanddivers,whooftenhavetoworkindarknessahundredfeetunderwater,havebeenfrightenedoutoftheirspecialcagesmadetoprotectthemfromthesemonsters.Thefisharenotsharksorkillerwhales,butfavouriteeatingvarietieslikecodandskatewhichgrowtounnaturalsizes,sometimesasmuchastwelvefeetinlength.Threefactorshavecausedthesefishtogrowsolarge:thewarmwaterroundthehotoilpipesunderthesea;theplentifulsupplyoffoodthrownoverboardbythecrewsontherigs;thetota