2022-2023学年海南省高一上学期期末学业水平诊断英语试题（解析版）

海南省2022—2023学年高一年级学业水平诊断（一）

英语

考生注意：

1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在试卷和答题卡上，并将考生号条形码粘贴

在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,

用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试

卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）

做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有2分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到

答题卡上。

第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选

项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅

读一遍。

例：Howmuchistheshirt?

A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1.Whoisstudyingabroad?

A.Theman.

B.Thewomanspeaker.

C.Thewomanspeaker'smom.

2.Whatmakessomefarmersstruggle?

A.Higherproductioncosts.

B.Lackofwell-paidjobs.

C.Dropofthericeprice.

3.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?

A.Theharmofsmoking.B.Stepstoquitsmoking.C.Thepopulationofsmokers.

4.Whatisthemangoingtodo?

A.Takeawalkwiththewoman.

B.Dosomeshopping.

C.Tourthebeach.

5.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inashop.B.Inaplane.C.Inacar.

第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项

中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后,

各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.Whatdoesthemanthinkofcitylife?

A.Quiet.B.Tiring.C.Easy

7.Whatmightthemandonext?

A.Lookforanapartment.B.Walkaroundhishouse.C.Moveoutsidethecity.

听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.Whatisthewomandoing?

A.Plantingaflower.B.Makingclothing.C.Runningafterabutterfly.

9.Whatdoesthewomanhavetodo?

A.Waitpatiently.

B.Spendmuchtimeonthework.

C.Workhardwithteammatestowin.

10.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?

A.FriendsB.Strangers.C.Husbandandwife.

听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.Whichpethasthreecolors?

A.MonkB.Cuddy,C.Kneesaa.

12.Howmanypetsdoesthemanhave?

A.TwoB.None.C.Three.

13.Whatisthewomanlikeaccordingtotheconversation?

A.Loving.B.Hard-working.C.Outgoing

听第9段材料，回答第14至16题。

14.WhatcoloristheChristmasRabbitmostly?

A.Red.B.B]ack.C.White

15.Howdokidsgetthecandyandchocolate?

A.Theybuythemfromtheshops.

B.Theygetthemfromneighbors.

C.Theythemselveslookforthem.

16.WhatoncepuzzledthewomanabouttheChristmasRabbit?

A.ItsageB.Itssize.C.Itslooks.

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.WhydidNahiddropoutofschool?

A.Therewasnoschoolbus.

B.Shehadtoomuchhouseworktodo.

C.Herfamilywastoopoor.

18.WhatdoweknowaboutBihar?

A.ItisanIndianstate.

B.Itisthepooreststateintheworld.

C.Itsgovernmentsellsbikestogirls.

19.WhatdidLusenodolastyear?

A.Sheleftschool.B.Shechangedschool.C.Shewenttoschoolbybike.

20.Whatmainlypreventsgirlsfromattendingschool?

A.Theirfamily.B.Alongwaytogotoschool.C.Badschoolconditions.

第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将

该项涂黑。

A

FourRecommendedBooksonNewScience

CatsvsDogs

¥111.00

Theanimalworldisastrangeandwonderfulplace,andscientistsarealwaysdiscoveringfascinatingand

surprisingtruthsintothelivesofeverythingfromthetiniestinsecttothebiggestanimal.Broughttogetherforthe

firsttime,CatsvsDogsdescribestheverybestanimal-relatedquestionsandanswersfromNewScientistreaders.

CatsvsDogsshowstheanimalkingdomyou'veneverseenbefore.

ThisBookCouldFixYourLife

¥94.00

Weallwanttobehappier,moresuccessfulandlessstressed,butwhatreallyworks?

Frombuildingconfidencetoformingbetterrelationshipsandgettingsmarter(andhealthier),ThisBookCould

FixYourLifeexplorestherealsciencebehindself-helpbasedonthelatestresearchinNewScientist.

Fullofscientificadviceandpackedwithexperimentsyoucantryonyourself,thisbookreallycouldhelpyou

fixyourlife.

Chance

¥68.00

Lookingintowhatwecallchance,andwhatitreallymeans,Chanceispartofabest-sellingNewScientist

seriesbringingtogethersomeofNewScientist'ssharpestminds,thistimetoprovidefascinatingunderstandingof

thestrangeworldofwhatwecallchance.

Exploreeverythingfromthesecretsofcoincidencetothescienceofaccidentalnumbergeneration.Learn

moreaboutwhatchancereallymeansinthisbest-sellingNewScientistseries.

Anti-Zoo

¥85.00

Whichanimalhasthebiggestmouth?Cancrocodilesusetools?Aresheepreallyasstupidaseveryonethinks?

Findouttheanswerstoallthesequestions,andmanymore,inNewScientisfsAnti-Zoo.Preparetomeet50ofthe

strangest,mostfrighteningandunexpectedanimalsknowntoscience.Fromtheworld'snicestbird(whichhasa

really,reallydarkside)totheflythathitsitswaythroughsolidrock,theseareuniquecreaturesoftheanimal

kingdom.

1.WhatcanreadersgetfromThisBookCouldFixYourLife?

A.Goodwaystoraisepets.B.Keystounderstandingthelatestresearch.

C.Opportunitiesforsuccess.D.Adviceonimprovingtheirlife.

2.WhichwordcanbestdescribethecreaturesinAnti-Zoo?

A.Nice.B.SmartC.Unusual.D.Dangerous.

3.Whichbookmightinterestapersonwhowouldliketotryhisluck?

A.Chance.B.Anti-Zoo.C.CatsvsDogs.D.ThisBookCouldFix

YourLife.

【答案】l.D2.C3.A

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四本书的情况。

【1题详解】

细节理解题。根据ThisBookCouldFixYourLife部分中“Fullofscientificadviceandpackedwith

experimentsyoucantryonyourself,thisbookreallycouldhelpyoufixyourlife.（这本书充满了科学建议和你可

以自己尝试的实验，真的可以帮助你改善你的生活）”可知，读者能从ThisBookCouldFixYourLife这本书

中学到关于改善他们生活的建议。故选D。

【2题详解】

细节理解题。根据Anti-Zoo部分中“Whichanimalhasthebiggestmouth?Cancrocodilesusetools?Aresheep

reallyasstupidaseveryonethinks?Findouttheanswerstoallthesequestions,andmanymore,inNewScientisfs

Anti-Zoo.Preparetomeet50ofthestrangest,mostfrighteningandunexpectedanimalsknowntoscience.From

theworld'snicestbird（whichhasareally,reallydarkside）totheflythathitsitswaythroughsolidrock,theseare

uniquecreaturesoftheanimalkingdom4哪种动物的嘴最大？鳄鱼会使用工具吗？绵羊真的像大家想的那样

愚蠢吗？在《新科学家》的《反动物园》中找到所有这些问题的答案，还有更多。准备好迎接科学界已知

的50种最奇怪、最可怕、最意想不到的动物吧。从世界上最好的鸟（它有非常非常黑暗的一面）到能穿过坚

硬岩石的苍蝇，这些都是动物王国里独特的生物）”可知，Anti-Zoo中的动物是不寻常的。故选C。

【3题详解】

细节理解题。根据Chance部分中uExploreeverythingfromthesecretsofcoincidencetothescienceof

accidentalnumbergeneration.Learnmoreaboutwhatchancereallymeansinthisbest-sellingNewScientist

series.（探索一切，从巧合的秘密到意外数字生成的科学。在这个畅销的《新科学家》系列中了解更多关于

巧合的真正含义）”可知，Chance会让想碰碰运气的人感兴趣。故选A。

B

Ataskcalled"OperationNoah'sArk"wascarriedouttocage（装笼子）andshiphundredsofbirdsoffPine

IslandinFloridaafteritwashithardbyHunicane（飓风）lan.

ThegovernmentcalledonpeopleofPineIslandtogiveuptheirhomesbecauseofdamagedroadsincludinga

brokenbridgethatpreventeddeliveriesoffood,gasandotherlife-supportingsupplies.

ButWillPeratinoandLaurenSteppdidnotwanttoleaveandgiveuptheir275paiTOtsattheMalamaManu

Sanctuary.4€Wewouldnotgivethemup.Iwouldneverleavethem.Never,StepptoldTheAssociatedPress."If

theycannotbefedorwatered,theywilldie.AndIcan'tlivewiththat.^^

ThebirdshadbeenrelyingonfooddonatedbywildlifeofficialssinceHurricanelanhit,butthesupplyoffruit,

peanutsandotherfoodswouldsoonbehardtocomebybecauseofthebrokenbridgeandthelackofgasonthe

island.

BryanStem,thefounderandleaderofProjectDynamo,saidhisteamhadsavedatleastsixdogsandthree

catsbeforeTuesday'smassiverescue（救援）.“Oursavedanimalnumbersaresmallcomparedwiththenumberof

the100cagesofparrotsthatweareabouttosave,^^Stemsaid,beforecarryingouttherescuetask.t6WillandLauren

ownthepreserve,andtheirheartsandsoulsareinthebirds.Sothey'regoingthroughtheirownsufferingfromthe

hurricaneandhavingtorebuildtheirlives.Theylostallkindsofthings.^^

Thevolunteerswerenotabouttoletthathappen.Forseveralhours,thevolunteersusednetsandtheirhandsto

putthebirdsintocages.t6Tohaveeverybirdsafeisahugetask,“Peratinosaid."Imean,it'salmostimpossibleto

do.Sothehelpwe'vegottenhasbeenpriceless.^^

4.Whydidtheofficialsaskpeopletoleavetheisland?

A.Thedestroyedhomesneededrebuilding.B.Theparrotsnolongerneededtheirhelp.

C.Therewerenoroadstodelivergoods.D.Amorepowerfulhurricanewouldcome.

5.WhydidPeratinoandStepprefusetoleavetheisland?

A.Torepairtheirhouse.B.Tocarryouttheirexperiment.

C.Tohelpwiththerescue.D.Totakecareoftheirparrots.

6.WhatcanbelearnedfromStern'swords?

A.AnewhomewillbebuiltforPeratinoandStepp.

B.Manymoreanimalsneedtobesaved.

C.Parrotsaremoreimportantthanotheranimals.

D.Allanimalswillbetakenawayincages.

7.WhatdidPeratinothinkofthevolunteers,effort?

A.Itwasmeaningful.B.Itwasnotworththerisk.

C.Itencouragedmorepeopletotakepart.D.Itturnedouttobefruitless.

【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.A

【解析】

【导语】本文为一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一项名为“诺亚方舟行动”的任务被执行，在佛罗里达州的松

树岛遭受飓风重创后，马拉马马努保护区数百只鹦鹉被志愿者装入笼子并运送出去的事件。

【4题详解】

推理判断题。根据第一段uAtaskcalled"OperationNoah'sArk"wascarriedouttocage（装笼子）andship

hundredsofbirdsoffPineIslandinFloridaafteritwashithardbyHurricane（飓风）lan.（一项名为“诺亚方舟行

动”的任务在佛罗里达州的松岛受到飓风“兰”的严重袭击后进行，将数百只鸟关在笼子里并运送出去）”

可知，松岛遭遇了飓风袭击；第二段<"ThegovernmentcalledonpeopleofPineIslandtogiveuptheirhomes

becauseofdamagedroads,includingabrokenbridgethatpreventeddeliveriesoffood,gasandotherlife-

supportingsupplies.（政府呼吁松树岛的人们放弃他们的家园，因为道路受损，包括一座断桥，阻碍了食

品、天然气和其他生活必需品的运送）”可知，因为飓风导致道路、桥梁受损，松岛上的人将无法得到食

物、天然气和其他生活用品，所以官员们要求岛上的人们离开这个岛。故选C项。

【5题详解】

细节理解题。根据第三段第一句"ButWillPeratinoandLaurenSteppdidnotwanttoleaveandgiveuptheir

275parrotsattheMalamaManuSanctuary.（但威尔•佩拉蒂诺和劳伦•斯特普不想离开，他们不想放弃在马

拉马马努保护区的275只鹦鹉）”以及最后一句"Iftheycannotbefedorwatered,theywilldie.AndIcan'tlive

withthat.（如果它们得不到食物和水，它们就会死。我无法忍受）”可知，Peratino和Stepp拒绝离开这个

岛，他们要留下来照顾保护区里的275只鹦鹉。故选D项。

【6题详解】

推理判断题。根据第五段""Oursavedanimalnumbersaresmallcomparedwiththenumberofthe100cagesof

parrotsthatweareabouttosave,“Stemsaid,beforecarryingouttherescuetask.'"WillandLaurenownthe

preserve,andtheirheartsandsoulsareinthebirds.Sothey'regoingthroughtheirownsufferingfromthehurricane

andhavingtorebuildtheirlives.Theylostallkindsofthings.'^”与我们即将拯救的100笼鹦鹉相比，我们拯救

的动物数量很少，”斯特恩在执行救援任务前说。“威尔和劳伦拥有保护区，他们的心和灵魂都在鸟类身

上，所以他们正在经历飓风带来的痛苦，不得不重建他们的生活。他们失去了所有的东西。“）”可知，从

斯特恩的话中可知，他们这次的行动能拯救100笼鹦鹉；根据第三段第一句"ButWillPeratinoandLauren

Steppdidnotwanttoleaveandgiveuptheir275parrotsattheMalamaManuSanctuary.（但威尔•佩拉蒂诺和劳

伦•斯特普不想离开，他们不想放弃在马拉马马努保护区的275只鹦鹉）”可推断，保护区里还有更多的动

物需要被拯救。故选B项。

【7题详解】

推理判断题。根据最后一段"Forseveralhours,thevolunteersusednetsandtheirhandstoputthebirdsinto

cages."Tohaveeverybirdsafeisahugetask,"Peratinosaid."Imean,ifsalmostimpossibletodo.Sothehelp

we'vegottenhasbeenpriceless.”（志愿者们用了几个小时的时间用网和手把这些鸟放进笼子里。“确保每只

鸟的安全是一项艰巨的任务，”佩拉蒂诺说。“我的意思是，这几乎是不可能的。所以我们得到的帮助是

无价的。可推知，Peratino认为志愿者的努力是有意义的。故选A项。

C

Recently14-year-oldHariniLoganwontheScrippsNationalSpellingBeeintheUnitedStates.Shecorrectly

spelled22wordsduring90seconds.MostAmericans,however,wouldfinditdifficulttospellanyofthesewords!

Fromanearlyage,nativeEnglishspeakersknowtherearecleardifferencesbetweenhowwordsarepronounced

andhowtheyarespelled.ButtheydonotknowthatthedifferencesareuniquetoEnglishamongmajorlanguages.

LanguageslikeItalianorFinnishcanbespelledmoreeasilybecauseeachlettermatchesonesound.Studentsstudying

theselanguagescanhave90percentreadingaccuracy（正确率）afterthefirstyear.

InEnglish,manylettershavetwoormoresounds.Thisiswhyevenafteryearsoflearning,studentsofEnglish

arestillfarbelowItalianorFinnishstudentsinreadingaccuracy.

EnglishstartedasaGermaniclanguage.ItismostcloselyconnectedtoGermanandDutch,especiallyin

grammarandbasicvocabulary.DuringtheNormanattackinthe12thcentury,OldEnglishwasspokenbutFrench

wasusedingovernmentandformalpapers.Asaresult,moreFrenchandLatinwordsenteredtheEnglishlanguage.

Theprintingmachinewasinventedinthelate1400s.ThishelpedtoestablishEnglishspellingandstrengthen

theconnectionbetweenhowEnglishisspokenandhowitiswritten.TheEnglishoftodayishowthelanguagewas

writtenatthetime.

However,thespokenlanguagestartedtochangeinthe1500swiththepronunciationofalllongvowels（元音）,

especiallyinsouthernEngland.Forexample,theword"bite"waspronouncedcloserto"beet"inthe1400s,before

changingthroughtheyearstoitspresentsound.TheeffectwasthattheEnglishlanguagehadoldspellings,butnew

sounds.

Englishhas26letters,butover44differentsoundsdependonthedifferenceofspokenEnglish.Thereareseveral

soundsfromonlyoneletter.Forexample,thelettef'C^cansoundlikean"S"asin"city”,anditalsosoundslikea"K”as

in“cat”.

8.WhyisItalianeasiertospellthanEnglish?

A.There9refewerItalianletters.B.Itisusedmorewidely.

C.Eachletterofithasacertainsound.D.Thewordsofitaremadeupoffewerletters.

9.Whatroledidtheinventionoftheprintingmachineplay?

A.IthelpedconnectwrittenandspokenEnglish.

B.ItmadewrittenEnglishmuchsimpler.

C.Itchangedthespokenlanguage.

D.Itseparatedspellingfrompronunciation.

10.Whatinfluencedidthespokenlanguagechangehaveinthe1500s?

A.Spellingsmatchedsounds.B.Englishwaseasiertolearn.

C.Oldspellingswerechanged.D.Newpronunciationappeared.

11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.WhatIstheBestWaytoMasterEnglish?

B.WhyIsSpellinginEnglishSoDifficult?

C.HowHasEnglishDevelopedintoaModernLanguage?

D.WhenDidLeitersStarttoHaveMorethanOneSound?

【答案】8.C9.A10.D11.B

【解析】

【导语】本文是一篇说明文。通过14岁的哈里尼・洛根赢得了美国斯克里普斯全国拼写比赛的故事，引出本

文要谈论的话题一一导致英语词汇书写困难的因素。

【8题详解】

细节理解题。根据第二段“LanguageslikeItalianorFinnishcanbespelledmoreeasilybecauseeachletter

matchesonesound.（像意大利语或芬兰语这样的语言更容易拼写，因为每个字母都匹配一个声音。）”可

知，意大利语比英语更容易拼写，因为它的每个字母都有一个特定的发音。故选C。

【9题详解】

细节理解题。根据第五段“Theprimingmachinewasinventedinthelate1400s.ThishelpedloestablishEnglish

spellingandstrengthentheconnectionbetweenhowEnglishisspokenandhowitiswritten.（E「J刷机发明于15世

纪晚期。这有助于建立英语拼写，并加强英语口语和写作之间的联系。）”可知，印刷机的发明有助于连接

书面英语和口语。故选A。

【10题详解】

细节理解题。根据第六段“TheeffectwasthattheEnglishlanguagehadoldspellingsbutnewsounds.（结果是

英语有了旧的拼写，但有了新的发音。）”可知，16世纪英语口语变化带来的影响是，英语保留了旧的拼

写，但产生了新的发音。故选D。

[11题详解】

主旨大意题。根据第一段"Recently,14-year-oldHariniLoganwontheScrippsNationalSpellingBeeintheUnited

States.Shecorrectlyspelled22wordsduring90seconds.MostAmericans,however,wouldfinditdifficulttospell

anyofthesewords!（最近，14岁的哈里尼•洛根赢得了美国斯克里普斯全国拼字比赛。她在90秒内正确拼写

了22个单词。然而，大多数美国人会发现这些单词都很难拼写!）”及全文可知，通过14岁的哈里尼•洛根

赢得了美国斯克里普斯全国拼写比赛的故事，引出本文要谈论的话题一一为什么英语词汇书写困难。所以

“WhyIsSpellinginEnglishSoDifficult?（为什么英语拼写这么难?）”作为文章标题最为合适。故选B。

D

LatinAmerica'sfirstrenewablefuel-powered,trash-trappingwheeliscleaningoneofPanama'sdirtiestrivers.

Alocalenvironmentalgroupledtheeffort.

Thewheelispoweredbywaterandsunenergy.ItpullswasteoutoftheJuanDiazRiver.Mostofthewaste

comesfromthecapitalareaofPanamaCity,whereabout2millionpeoplelive.Thousandsofkilogramsofrubbish

flowdowntheriverintotheoceaneachyear.

RobertGetmanistheleaderoftheproject."Cleaningbeachesisgood,^^hesaid,“butitismoreeffectiveand

cheapertotraprubbishinriversbecausewhenitreachestheocean,theenvironmentalandeconomiccostbecomes

toohigh.,,

TheenvironmentalgroupMareaVerdecreatedthewheel,whichisnamedWandaDiaz,inlateSeptember.By

themiddleofOctober,Wandahadgathered28.6cubicmetersofplasticbottlesfromthewater.

TheJuanDiazRiverisoneofthemostpollutedinPanama.Wastesystemsintheareaarepoor,andland

developmentisnotwellsupervised.TheriveralsopassesthroughPanamaCity,oneofCentralAmerica'slargest

cities.

Overfiveyears,MareaVerdeprojectshaveslowedthespreadofrubbishalongPanama'sriversandcoastline.

Earlier,thegroupintroducedits"BarrierorTrash^technology,afloatingdevice.Itcaughtmorethan100metric

tonsofwasteintheMatiasHernandezRiverbetween2019and2020.

“Wewanttoraiseawarenessthatwecanpreventthedeathofthisveryimportantriver,^saidMareaVerde

memberSandyWatemberg.Sheexpressedherhopethatthewheelwillhelp.Butshealsopointedtotheneedfor

thosewhousesingle-useplasticstorethinktheirbehavior.4tThemostimportantthingistoachieveachangein

habits,shesaid.

12.Whatmakesthewheelthefirstofitskind?

A.Itssize.B.Itspower.C.Itsshape.D.Itscolor.

13.WhichstatementmatchesRobertGetman5sopinion?

A.We'dbetterremoverubbishbeforeitentersthesea.

B.Weshouldcleanbeachessoasnottopollutethesea.

C.Ifscheapfbrhumanstocleanuptheocean.

D.It'sbettertoleavewasteintheseathanintheriver.

14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"supervised"inparagraph5probablymean?

A.Supposed.B.Protected.C.Accepted.D.Controlled.

15.WhatdidSandyWatembergcallonpeopletodo?

A.Supporttheproject.B.Usesingle-useplasticsmore.

C.Changetheirhabits.D.Realizethedangertheriverisin.

【答案】12.B13.A14.B15.C

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了拉丁美洲首个以可再生燃料为动力的垃圾收集轮正在清理巴拿马一

条最脏的河流。当地的一个环保组织领导了这项工作。

【12题详解】

细节理解题。根据第一段中“LatinAmerica^firstrenewablefuel-powered,trash-trappingwheeliscleaningone

ofPanama'sdirtiestrivers.（拉丁美洲首个以可再生燃料为动力的垃圾收集轮正在清理巴拿马一条最脏的河

流）”可知，供能系统让这个轮子成为同类中的第一个。故选B。

【13题详解】

细节理解题。根据"RobertGetmanistheleaderoftheproject.''Cleaningbeachesisgood,"hesaid,“butitis

moreeffectiveandcheapertotraprubbishinriversbecausewhenitreachestheocean,theenvironmentaland

economiccostbecomestoohigh.”（RobertGetman是该项目的负责人。“清理海滩很好，"他说，"但把垃

圾困在河里更有效、更便宜，因为当垃圾流入海洋时，环境和经济成本太高了。“）"可知，Robert

Getman认为我们最好在垃圾进入海洋之前把它清除掉。故选A。

【14题详解】

词句猜测题。根据画线词上文"TheJuanDiazRiverisoneofthemostpollutedinPanama.Wastesystemsinthe

areaarepoor,andlanddevelopmentisnotwell"可知，胡安迪亚兹河是巴拿马污染最严重的河流之一。该地

区的废物处理系统很差，由此可知，其土地开发也没有得到很好的保护。故画线词意思是“保护”。故选

B»

【15题详解】

细节理解题。根据最后一段"Butshealsopointedtotheneedforthosewhousesingle-useplasticstorethink

theirbehavior.liThemostimportantthingistoachieveachangeinhabits/'shesaid.（"但她也指出，那些使用一

次性塑料的人需要重新思考他们的行为。“最重要的是要改变习惯，"她说。）”可知，SandyWatemberg

号召人们改变他们的习惯。故选C。

第二节（共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂

黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。

SavingSeedsforNextYear'sFlowerGarden

Justlikevegetableseeds（种子）,youcansaveflowerseedsfromyourgardenthisyeartoplantinthe

followingyear.

Ifyouwantthesamekindofflowerorplantfornextyear'sgarden,collectonlytheseedsfromplantsmarked

as"heritage”.16Crossseedswithamixtureoftwodifferentparentswillproducenewplants,butthey

willonlylooklikeoneoftheparents.Therefore,youaretakingariskwithplantingcrossseeds.

Evenifyouexpectplantstobethesameastheirparents,itisnotcertain.Windorinsectscouldbringpollen

fromoneplanttoanotherandaccidentallycreateamixture.17Butifyoulikesurprises,start

experimenting!Youcouldcreatealovelynewplantorflower!

Justlikeeverythingelseingardening,timingisimportant.Collectseedsonadry,sunnyday.18

Whentheirpodsopen,theseplantscouldsendtheirseedsupto6metersaway.Onceontheground,itisdifficultto

collectthem.Instead,tieasmallbagforseedcollectionoverthepodwhenitnearlyopens.

Forplantslikesunflowers,cuttheheadofftheplantanddropitintoapaperbag.19Thiswillsave

yourfingers!

Youcanplacetheseedsinaglassboxthatcanbesealed.Thenstoretheminacool,dryarea.Makesureto

markyourglassboxsoyoudonotforgetwhattheyare.20Butyoushouldplantthenewseedsthe

followingyearforbestresults.

A.Keepaneyeonsomeflowers.

B.Lettheseedsgrowandfallnaturally.

C.Givethebagashaketohelpseparatetheseeds.

D.Whenstoredwithcare,seedsaregoodforseveralyears.

E.Thesekindsofplantswillgrowjustliketheirparentplant.

F.Inthiscase,addmoreseedstothesoiltomakesurethatsomewillgrow.

G.Youcanavoidthisbyplantingonlytheplantfromwhichyouplantocollectseeds.

【答案】16.E17.G18.B19.C20.D

【解析】

【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了为明年的花园保存种子的方法0

【16题详解】

根据上文“Ifyouwantthesamekindofflowerorplantfornextyear'sgarden,collectonlytheseedsfromplants

markedas“heritage，/如果你明年的花园想要同样的花或植物，只收集标记为“遗产”的植物的种子）”以及

后文uCrossseedswithamixtureoftwodifferentparentswillproducenewplants,buttheywillonlylooklikeone

oftheparents.Therefore,youaretakingariskwithplantingcrossseeds.（两种不同亲本的杂交种子会产生新的植

株，但它们看起来只像其中一种亲本。因此，种植杂交种子是有风险的）”可知，上文提到了收集标记为

“遗产”的植物的种子，本句承接上文说明其结果：这些植物会像它们的母体植物一样生长。故E选项

“这些植物会像它们的母体植物一样生长”符合语境，故选E。

【17题详解】

根据上文uEvenifyouexpectplantstobethesameastheirparents,itisnotcertain.Windorinsectscouldbring

pollenfromoneplanttoanotherandaccidentallycreateamixture.（即使你期望植物和它们的父母一样，这也是

不确定的。风或昆虫可以将花粉从一种植物带到另一种植物，并意外地形成混合物）”可知，本句承接上文

说明如何避免意外情况：通过只种植你打算收集种子的植物来避免这种情况。故G选项“你可以通过只种

植你打算收集种子的植物来避免这种情况”符合语境，故选G。

18题详解】

根据上文“Justlikeeverythingelseingardening,timingisimportant.Collectseedsonadry,sunnyday.（就像园

艺中的其他事情一样，时机很重要。在干燥晴朗的日子收集种子）”以及后文“Whentheirpodsopen,these

plantscouldsendtheirseedsupto6metersaway.Onceontheground,itisdifficulttocollectthem.Instead,tiea

smallbagforseedcollectionoverthepodwhenitnearlyopens.（当它们的豆荚打开时，这些植物可以把种子送

到6米外的地方。一旦落到地面，就很难把它们收集起来。相反，当豆荚快打开时，在豆荚上系一个用于

收集种子的小袋子）”可知，文章主要说明了收集种子时，时机的重要性，故B选项“让种子自然生长和

落下”符合语境，故选B。

【19题详解】

根据上文“Forplantslikesunflowers,cuttheheadofftheplantanddropitintoapaperbag.（对于像向日葵这样

的植物，剪下植株的头，把它扔进一个纸袋里）”以及后文“Thiswillsaveyourfingers!（这将拯救你的手

指！）”可知，本句是在说明何种行为可以拯救手指：摇一摇袋子，帮助分离种子。故C选项“摇一摇袋

子，帮助分离种子”符合语境，故选C。

【20题详解】

根据上文“Youcanplacetheseedsinaglassboxthatcanbesealed.Thenstoretheminacool,dryarea.Make

suretomarkyourglassboxsoyoudonotforgetwhattheyare.（你可以把种子放在一个可以密封的玻璃盒里。

然后将它们储存在阴凉干燥的地方。一定要在你的玻璃盒子上做上标记，这样你就不会忘记它们是什么）”

可知，本段主要是关于种子的储存的，故D选项“如果小心储存，种子可以保存好几年”符合语境，故选

D,

第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）

第一节（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最

佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

IknewIwasn'tadopted（领养）whenIwasgrowingup.Myolderbrother,EddieandIlookedtoomuchthesame

becauseour21weretheperfectcombination（结合）ofourMom'sandDad's.22,Ididfeel

different.

Myoldestbrother,Tonywas23andoutgoing.Hecouldtellyoua24thatkeptyousmiling

andlaughingallthewaythrough.Hestillcan,infact.Eddiewasalsoconfidentandhadsomanyfriends.Hecould

alsomakeaclearandloudvoicethathas25himwellasateacherandcoach.

I,ontheotherhand,was26,shy,andnotsooutgoingasmybrothers.Ispentmoretime27.

Iwantedtoleameverything.Beingseveralyearsyoungerthanthemandusually28bythem,Ialsospent

moretimeplayingalone.Iwasn'tas29asyouwouldthink,though.Myimaginationwasagreatfriendin

mylonelinessandinsomewayI30thequietofitall.

Lookingbackonthelongandwindingroadofmylifenow,IcanseethatIwas3j,butitmade

mejustthepersonIneededtobetolivethelifeIhavelived.Myreadingsomuchledmetostartwritingaswell.My

wishtolearneverythinghelpedmeto32thebiggestproble