2021年高考英语真题试题（全国甲卷）(含答案与解析)

2021年高考英语真题试卷(全国甲卷)

一、阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

1.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Takeaview,theLandscape(风景)PhotographeroftheYearAward,wastheideaofCharlieWaite,oneof

today'smostrespectedlandscapephotographers.Eachyear,thehighstandardofentrieshasshownthatthe

AwardsaretheperfectplatformtoshowcasetheverybestphotographyoftheBritishlandscape.Takeaviewisa

desirableannualcompetitionforphotographersfromallcomersoftheUKandbeyond.

MikeItwasanextremelycoldwinter'seveningandfreezingfoghungintheair.1climbedtothe

Shepherdtopofasmallriseandrealisedthatthemistwaslittlemorethanafewfeetdeep,andthoughit

(2011)wasonlyashortclimb,1foundmyselfcompletelyaboveitandlookingatawonderfullyclear

SkiddawviewofSkiddawwiththesumsettinginthewest.1usedclassicaltechniques,translatedfrommy

inWintercollegedaysspentinthedarkroomintoPhotoshop,toachievetheblack-and-whiteimage(图

Cumbria,像).

England

Timothy1wasbackinmyhometownofMacclesfieldtotakesomewinterimages.Walkingupapath

SmiththroughtheforesttowardsShutlingsloe.alocalhighpoint,1cameacrossasmallclearingand

(2014)immediatelynoticedthedeadyellowgrassessetagainstthefreshsnow.Thesmallpineaddedto

Macclesfieldtheinterestand1placeditcentrallytotaketheviewfromtheforegroundrightthroughintothe

Forestforest.

Cheshire,

England

(1)WhowouldmostprobablyenterforTakeaview?

A.Writers.

B.Photographers.

C.Painters.

D.Tourists.

(2)WhatdotheworksbyShepherdandSmithhaveincommon?

A.Theyarewinterimages.

B.Theyareinblackandwhite.

C.Theyshowmountainousscenes.

D.Theyfocusonsnow—coveredforests.

(3)Wherecanthetextbefound?

A.Inahistorybook.

B.lnanovel.

C.lnanartmagazine.

D.lnabiography.

【答案】(1)B

(2)A

(3)C

【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，时文广告类

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了摄影比赛Takeaview以及获奖的相关情况。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节

信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

2.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

PortLympneReserve,whichrunsabreeding(繁育)programme,haswelcomedthearrivalofarareblack

rhinocalf(犀牛幼，息).WhenthetinycreaturearrivedonJanuary31,shebecamethe40thblackrhinotobe

bornatthereserve.AndofficialsatPortLympneweredelightedwiththenewarrival,especiallyasblackrhinos

areknownforbeingdifficulttobreedincaptivity(圈养).

PaulBeer,headofrhinosectionatPortLympne,said:"Obviouslywe'reallabsolutelydelightedtowelcome

anothercalftoourblackrhinofamily.She*shealthy,strongandalreadyeagertoplayandexplore.Hermother,

Solio,isafirst—timemumandsheisdoingafantasticjob.It'sstillalittletoocoldforthemtogooutintothe

open,butassoonastheweatherwarmsup.Ihavenodoubtthatthelittleonewillbeoutandaboutexploring

andplayingeveryday."

Theadorablefemalecalfisthesecondblackrhinobornthisyearatthereserve,butitistooearlytotellif

thecalveswillmakegoodcandidatestobereturnedtoprotectedareasofthewild.Thefirstrhinotobebornat

PortLympnearrivedonJanuary5tofirst—timemotherKisimaandweighedabout32kg.Hismother,

grandmotherandgreatgrandmotherwereallbornatthereserveandstilllivethere.

AccordingtotheWorldWildlifeFund,theglobalblackrhinopopulationhasdroppedaslowas5500,giving

therhinosa"criticallyendangered"status.

(1)Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebreedingprogramme?

A.Costly.

B.Controversial.

C.Ambitious.

□.Successful.

(2)WhatdoesPaulBeersayaboutthenew-bornrhino?

A.Shelovesstayingwithhermother.

B.Shedislikesoutdooractivities.

C.Sheisingoodcondition

D.Sheissensitivetoheat.

(3)WhatsimilarexperiencedoSolioandKisimahave?

A.TheyhadtheirfirstborninJanuary.

B.Theyenjoyedexploringnewplaces

C.Theylivedwiththeirgrandmothers.

D.Theywerebroughttothereserveyoung

(4)WhatcanbeinferredaboutPorn—LympneReserve?

A.Therhinosectionwillbeopentothepublic.

B.ltaimstocontrolthenumberoftheanimals.

C.ltwillcontinuetoworkwiththeWorldWildlifeFund.

D.Someofitsrhinosmaybesenttotheprotectedwildareas.

【答案】(l)D

(2)C

(3)A

(4)D

【考点】推理判断题，细节理解题，科普环保类，说明文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了在PortLympne保护区的部分黑犀牛现状。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节

信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。

3.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

WhenIwas9,wepackedupourhomeinLosAngelesandarrivedatHeathrow,LondononagrayJanuary

morning.Everyoneinthefamilysettledquicklyintothecityexceptme.Withoutmybelovedbeachesand

endlessblue—skydays,Ifeltatalossandoutofplace.UntilImadeadiscovery.

Southbank,ataneasternbendintheThames,isthecenterofBritishskateboarding,wherethecontinuous

crashingofskateboardsleftyourheadringing.1lovedit.Isoonmadefriendswiththelocalskaters.Wespoke

ourownlanguage.Andmyfavorite:Safe.Safemeantcool.Itmeanthello.Itmeantdon'tworryaboutit.Once,

whentryingacertaintrickonthebeam(横杆)，1fellontothestones,damaginganerveinmyhand,andToby

cameover,helpingmeup:Safe,man.Safe.Afewminuteslater,whenIlandedthetrick,myfriendsbeattheir

boardsloud,shouting:"Safe!Safe!Safe!”Andthat'swhatmattered—landingtricks,beingagoodskater.

WhenIwas15,myfamilymovedtoWashington.Itriedskateboardingthere,butthelocalswerefarless

welcoming.Withinacoupleofyears,I'dgivenitup.

WhenIreturnedtoLondonin2004,1foundmyselfwanderingdowntoSouthbank,spendinghoursthere.

I'vetraveledbackseveraltimessince,mostrecentlythispastspring.Thedaywascoldbutclear:touristsand

Londonersstoppedtowatchtheskaters.Weaving(穿梭)amongthekidswhorushedbyontheirboards,Ifound

mywaytothebeam.Thenarail—thinteenager,inabaggywhiteT-shirt,skidded(滑)uptothebeam.Hesat

nexttome.Heseemednottonoticethemannexttohim.ButsoonIcaughtafewofhisglances."Iwasalocal

here20yearsago/'Itoldhim.Then,slowly,hebegantonodhishead."Safe,man.Safe."

"Yeah,"Isaid."Safe."

(1)WhatcanwelearnabouttheauthorsoonafterhemovedtoLondon?

A.Hefeltdisappointed.

B.Hegaveuphishobby.

C.Helikedtheweatherthere.

D.Hehaddisagreementswithhisfamily.

(2)Whatdotheunderlinedwords"Safe!Safe!Safe!"probablymean?

A.Becareful!

B.Welldone!

C.Noway!

D.Don'tworry!

(3)WhydidtheauthorliketospendtimeinSouthbankwhenhereturnedtoLondon?

A.Tojointheskateboarding.

B.Tomakenewfriends.

C.Tolearnmoretricks.

D.Torelivehischildhooddays

(4)Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?

A.Childrenshouldlearnasecondlanguage.

B.Sportisnecessaryforchildren'shealth.

C.Childrenneedasenseofbelonging

0.Seeingtheworldisamustforchildren.

【答案】(l)A

(2)B

(3)D

(4)C

【考点】推理判断题，词义猜测题，人物故事类，记叙文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己的经历，起初搬到伦敦很不适应，但是由于找到了

玩滑板的地方，结识了玩滑板的朋友，因此很好的适应了。作者回到伦敦之后，经常去之前玩滑板的地

方寻找自己的回忆，在与一个玩滑板的孩子打招呼的时候，终于找到了自己久违的熟悉感。

【点评】本题考点涉及词义猜测和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要根据上下文的

逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。

4.阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Whoisagenius?Thisquestionhasgreatlyinterestedhumankindforcenturies.

Let*sstateclearly:Einsteinwasagenius.Hisfaceisalmosttheinternationalsymbolforgenius.Butwewant

togobeyondonemanandexplorethenatureofgeniusitself.Whyisitthatsomepeoplearesomuchmore

intelligentorcreativethantherestofus?Andwhoarethey?

Inthesciencesandarts,thosepraisedasgeniusesweremostoftenwhitemen,ofEuropeanorigin.Perhaps

thisisnotasurprise.It*ssaidthathistoryiswrittenbythevictors,andthosevictorssetthestandardsfor

admissiontothegeniusclub.Whencontributionsweremadebygeniusesoutsidetheclub-women,orpeople

ofadifferentcolororbelief—theywereunacknowledgedandrejectedbyothers.

AstudyrecentlypublishedbySciencefoundthatasyoungasagesix,girlsarelesslikelythanboystosay

thatmembersoftheirgender(f生另ij)are"really,reallysmart."Evenworse,thestudyfoundthatgirlsactonthat

beliefAroundagesixtheystarttoavoidactivitiessaidtobeforchildrenwhoare"really,reallysmart."Canour

planetaffordtohaveanygreatthinkersbecomediscouragedandgiveup?Itdoesn'ttakeageniustoknowthe

answer:absolutelynot.

Here'sthegoodnews.Inawiredworldwithconstantglobalcommunication,we'reallpositionedtosee

flashesofgeniuswherevertheyappear.Andthemorewelook,themorewewillseethatsocialfactors(因素)

likegender,race,andclassdonotdeterminetheappearanceofgenius.Asawritersays,futuregeniusescome

fromthosewith"intelligence,creativity,perseverance(毅力)，andsimplegoodfortune,whoareabletochange

theworld."

(1)Whatdoestheauthorthinkofvictors'standardsforjoiningthegeniusclub?

A.They'reunfair.

B.They'reconservative.

C.They'reobjective.

D.They'restrict.

(2)WhatcanweinferaboutgirlsfromthestudyinScience?

A.Theythinkthemselvessmart.

B.Theylookuptogreatthinkers.

C.Theyseegenderdifferencesearlierthanboys.

D.Theyarelikelytobeinfluencedbysocialbeliefs

(3)Whyaremoregeniusesknowntothepublic?

A.Improvedglobalcommunication.

B.Lessdiscriminationagainstwomen.

C.Acceptanceofvictors'concepts.

0.Changesinpeople'ssocialpositions.

(4)Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.GeniusesThinkAlike

B.GeniusTakesManyForms

C.GeniusandIntelligence

D.GeniusandLuck

【答案】(1)A

(2)D

(3)A

(4)B

【考点】主旨大意题，推理判断题，细节理解题，教育文化类，议论文

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，论述了世人对天才的狭隘定义，提出事实上"天才"有很多种形式，

不要让思维限制了我们的"天才"能力。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅读，要求考生在

捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确

答案。

二、根据短文内容，从短文后的选项选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余

选项。(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)

5.根据短文内容，从短文后的选项选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Swap,Don'tshop!

Youkeephearingaboutrecycling,right?Butitdoesn'tendwithbottles,cans,andpaper.Clothingtakesahuge

amountofnaturalresources(资源)tomake,andbuyingloadsofnewclothing(orthrowingoutoldclothing)

isnothealthyfortheenvironment.Sowhattodowithallthose

perfectly-good-but-you're-maybe-a-little-sick-of-themclothespiledonyourbedroomfloor?.It'sthe

bestwaytogetridofyourusedclothes,scoreclothesfromyourfriends,andhaveapartyallatthesametime.

Asuccessfulswapdependsontheselectionofclothes,theorganizationoftheevent,and,obviously,howmuch

funishad.It'sreallyeasytodo!Hereareafewpointers.

•Invite5—10peoplesoyouhaveaniceselection.,andtheremaynotbeenoughthingstochoose

from;morethanthat,anditbecomesuncontrollable.

•.Theyshouldalsoprepareplentyofreusablebagstocarrytheir"new"clotheshome.

•Putdifferenttypesofclothingondifferentsurfacesintheroom..Placeafewmirrorsaroundyour

roomsopeoplecanseehowthingslookwhentheytrythemon.Oneofthegroundrulesoftheswapshouldbe

thateveryonemusttryontheclothesbeforetheytakethem—thingsalwayslookdifferentwhenyouputthem

on.

•Setastartingtime.Maybeyousay"go,"orturnonacertainsong,orwhatever..Anddon'tforgetto

putoutsomecookiesandfruits.Remember,it'saparty!

A.Lesspeoplethanthat

B.Holdaclothingswap

C.Iftwopeoplearecompeting

D.Justkeepmusicplayingthroughout

E.Donatewhateverclothesareleftover

F.Haveeveryoneputtheirclothesintherightspots

G.Telleveryonetobringcleanclothesingoodcondition

【答案】B；A；G；F；D

【考点】七选五

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了通过衣物交换来处理旧衣服的方法一一衣物交换派对，以及

一些具体的流程。

【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇生活类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解

和推理判断能力。

三、语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）

6.阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

It'stheseasidebirdsthatdeserveatleastpartoftheblameforgettingNickBurchillblacklistedattheFairmont

EmpressHotelinVictoria,Canada.

Burchillwas1atthehotelonbusinessandplanningto2somefriendsin

thearea.Theyhadaskedhimto3somepepperoni（辣香肠）frombackeast.Sohe

4asuitcasefullofpepperoni.Ashewas5thatitwouldbetoowarm,he

6itoutonthetablenearanopenwindow.Hethoughthispepperoniwas7andwell

ch川ed（冷去［I）andhe8.

That'swhenthingswent9."Irememberwalkingdownthelong10and

openingthedoortomyroomtofindanentireflockofseagulls,"Burchillsaidinarecentletterof

11tothe4-starhotel."Theseagullsimmediatelywent12.Theyrushedtothe

window,30or40birdsalltryingto13atthesametime,andpepperoni-everywhere.The

curtainswerefallingdown,thelampswerefallingdown,Itwasareal14.

Olderandwisernow,Burchillchalkeduptheincidenttoyouthfulindiscretion（莽撞）.

"Ihave15andIadmitresponsibilityofmy16/'hesaidintheletter."I

cometoyou,17,toapologizeforthe-damageIhad18causedandtoask

youto19mylifetimebanfromthehotel."

Hisletter20.Bannedfromthehotelsince2001.Burchillisnowwelcometocomeback,the

Fairmontsaid.

1.A.studyingB.stayingC.lookingD.packing

2.A.visitB.helpC.followD.make

3.A.sellB.haveC.bringD.taste

4.A.filledB.lockedC.abandonedD.lost

5.A.surprisedB.pleasedC.excitedD.worried

6.A.dugB.clearedC.cuD.laid

7.A.deliciousB.safeC.softD.ready

8.A.leftB.noddedC.waitedD.regretted

9.A.farB.funnyC.wrongD.blind

10.A.beachB.drivewayC.hallD.table

11.A.applicationB.apologyC.requestD.invitation

12.A.hungryB.deadC.missingD.wild

13.A.wakeupB.getoutC.takeoffD.breakin

14.A.messB.puzzleC.fightD.challenge

15.A.recoveredB.retiredC.escapedD.matured

16.A.sufferingB.plansC.madnessD.actions

17.A.handsinpocketB.noseintheairC.hatinhandD.feetontheground

18.A.indirectlyB.deliberatelyC.cautiouslyD.secretly

19.A.replaceB.rememberC.reconsiderD.renew

20.A.arrivedB.workedC.endedD.disappeared

【答案】(l)D；(2)A；(3)C；(4)A；(5)D；(6)D；(7)B；(8)A；(9)C；(10)C；

(11)B；(12)D；(13)B；(14)A；(15)D；(16)D；(17)C；(18)A；(19)C；(20)B；

【考点】记叙文，人物故事类

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Burchill住酒店时，给朋友携带的意大利香肠招来了海鸥，

海鸥在逃跑的过程中，造成了一些东西的损坏，Burchill间接给酒店造成了损失。酒店把Burchill列入了黑

名单，Burchill被终身禁止入住该酒店。Burchill诚恳地写了道歉信，请求酒店重新考虑自己被终身禁止入

住酒店的决定。最终，他的信起作用了。

【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一

篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从

而选出正确答案。

四、第二节阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。（共10

小题；每小题L5分，满分15分）

7.阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

TheXi'anCityWallisthemostcompletecitywallthathassurvivedChina'slonghistory.It（build）

originallytoprotectthecitytheTangdynastyandhasnowbeencompletelyrestored《修复）.Itis

possible（walk）orbiketheentire14kilometers.

WeaccessedthewallthroughtheSouthGate.Thewallis12metershighandfromhereyoucansee

streamsofpeoplemovinginsideandoutsidetheCityWall.

After（spend）sometimelookingatallthedefensiveequipmentatthewall,wedecideditwas

timeforsomeactionandwhat（good）thantorideonapieceofhistory!

We（hire）ourbikesfromtherentalplaceattheSouthGate.Mybikewasoldandshaky

didthejob.Ittookusabout3hourstogoallwayaroundtheXi'anCityWall.Supposedlyyoucandoit

intwohours,butwestoppedatthedifferentgatesand（watchtower）tofakepicturesorjusttowatch

thelocalpeoplegoingabouttheir（day）routines.

【答案】wasbuilt；in；towalk；spending；better；hired；but；the；watchtowers；daily

【考点】语法填空

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者游览西安城墙的活动。

【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及时态语态，介词，非谓语动词，连词，冠词，名词，形容词以及固

定搭配等多个知识点的考查，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结

合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。

五、写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题：每小题1分，满分10分）

8.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作业，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错

误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（A）,并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：1）每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；

2）只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。

Lastweekourteacheraskedustofillinaquestionnaire.Oneofthequestionsare：Whowillyougointimesof

trouble?Herearetheresults.Manystudentssaytheywilltalktotheirfriendorclassmatesbecausethey'reof

thesameageandcanunderstandeachother.Somewillturnouttotheirparentsorteachersforhelp.Onlya

littlechoosetodealwiththeproblemsonourown.Theiranswersalsoshowthattheydisliketalktoothers.They

keptverymuchtothemselves.Inmyopinion,whereintrouble,weshouldseekhelpfromthosewetrustmostly.

【答案】①arefis

②go后加to

（3）friend->friends

④删除turn后的out

⑤littleffew

⑥our—their

（7）talk^talking

（8）kept->keep

（9）where->when/whenever

@mostly->most

【考点】短文改错

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了关于学生在碰到问题后的解决方式的问卷调查结果。

（1）句意：其中的一个问题是：你遇到麻烦时会去找谁？oneofthe+名词复数，意为〃......之一〃，为单数

含义，所以其后的系动词应用单数。结合句意，此处指问卷调查中的一个问题，所以为客观事实，时态

用一般现在时。故are改为is。

（2）gotosb.,固定短语，“求助于某人”相当于短语turntosb.forhelp。故go后加to。

（3）句意：许多同学说他们会和他们的朋友说或同学讲，因为他们是同龄人，能彼此理解。friend”朋友〃

为可数名词，结合句中their,所以此处要用复数。故friend改为friends。

（4）句意：一些说他们会向他们的父母或老师求助。turntosb.forhelp,固定短语，〃向某人求助〃，所以

此处删除介词outo故删除turn后的outc

（5）句意：只有一些人选择自己解决问题。根据上文“Manystudentssay..."及“Somewillturn…”可知，此处

指一些学生。student为可数名词，应用afew代指。alittle通常代指不可数名词。故little改为few。

（6）onone'sown,固定短语，〃独自〃，结合句意可知，此处指学生们独自完成，所以要用代词their。故

our改为their。

（7）句意：他们的答案也表明他们不喜欢和其他人说。dislikedoingsth.,固定短语，“不喜欢做某事〃，动

名词作宾语。故talk改为talking。

（8）句意：他们很自闭。结合前文可知，文章的时态用一般现在时。故kept改为keep。

（9）句意：在我看来，当我们有麻烦时（无论什么时候我们有麻烦时），我们应该从我们最相信的人们

那里寻求帮助。分析可知，本句为含有状语从句的复合句。主句为weshouldseekhelp...,从句表示的含

义为无论什么时候我们有麻烦或者当我们有麻烦时，所以应用when/whenever引导。故where改为

when/whenevero

（10）副词mostly,意为〃大多数〃；most意为〃最〃，此处指最相信的人，指程度。故mostly改为most。

【点评】考查短文改错，本题考点涉及主谓一致，名词，副词，代词，非谓语动词，时态，连词等多个知

识点的考查，是一篇问卷调查，覆盖面广，综合性强，难度较大，区分度高。

六、第二节书面表达（满分25分）

9.假定你是李华。你校计划举办介绍中国传统文化的主题班会，并在英文网站展示。请你写一封邮件给外

国朋友Chris,向他了解哪些中国传统文化更吸引外国友人。邮件内容包括：

1）阐明写信事由；

2）征求建议