练案25必修5Unit5Firstaid练习

必修五Unit5FirstaidⅠ.阅读理解A(2021·山东省潍坊市高三期末)ThesoundthatwokeDamianLanguellat8：15inthemorningwassoloudthatheassumeditcamefrominsidehishouseinWade,Maine.Ashegotuptoinvestigate,heheardanothersound,thisonecomingmostdefinitelyfromoutside.Lookingoutofhisbedroomwindow,henoticedatreeenvelopedinsmokeabout500yardsaway.Acarwaswrappedaroundthetree'sbase,itsengineonfire.Grabbingbucketsofwater,heandhiswiferantothecrashsite.Upclose,theaccidentlookedworse.Thecarwassplitnearlyintwo,andthetreewaswherethedriver'sseatoughttohavebeen,asifplantedthere.Nooneshouldhavesurvivedthiscrash,andyettherewas20-year-oldQuintinThompson,histerrifiedfacepressedagainstthedriver'ssidewindow,invisiblepain.Languelltriedputtingoutthefirewithhisbucketsofwaterbutfailed.Whentheflamesgotintothefrontseats,heknewhehadtogettheyoungmanout.SoLanguellopenedthecar'sbackdoorandclimbedin.Usingapocketknifehe'dbroughtwithhim,hecutthroughThompson'sseatbelt.NowthatThompsonwasfree,Languellpulledhimout,anddraggedhimtosafetybeforetheentirecarwasinflames.ItisempathythatdroveLanguelltohelp,justashesaid,“MyheartgoesouttoThompson.Whenyouarethatclosetothatlevelofhurt,youfeelitsodirectly.”Forhisheroicaction,Languellwasaddedtothelistofreal-lifeheroeschangingtheworld.文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。讲述了DamianLanguell勇敢救人的英雄事迹。1．Wherewasthefirstsoundactuallyfrom？BA．Ahouseonfire. B．Acarcrash.C．Thebedroomwindow. D．Thebasement.解析：推理判断题。由第一段后面三句话可知，该声音事实上来自于汽车撞车事故。2．WhatdoweknowaboutQuintinThompson？BA．Hesavedhiscarfromfire.B．Hewassuccessfullyrescued.C．Heremainedcalmallthetime.D．Hewascapableofhelpinghimselfout.解析：细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话“NowthatThompsonwasfree,Languellpulledhimout,anddraggedhimtosafetybeforetheentirecarwasinflames.”可知，Thompson被成功救了出来。3．Whichofthefollowingbestexplains“empathy”underlinedinthelastparagraph？CA．Honesty. B．Wisdom.C．Sympathy. D．Responsibility.解析：词义猜测题。由画线词后“Whenyouarethatclosetothatlevelofhurt,youfeelitsodirectly.”可知，是同情心促使Languell救出了Thompson。4．WhichwordscanbestdescribeDamianLanguell？CA．Daringandgenerous. B．Caringandgrateful.C．Courageousandnoble. D．Ambitiousandreliable.解析：推理判断题。由DamianLanguell去救人可知，DamianLanguell很高尚。由救援过程可知，DamianLanguell很勇敢。B(2020·河南省八市重点高中联盟“领作考试”)OnasteamyJulydayinBayonetPoint,Florida,GeneWorkandhisbrother-in-law,MarkRouco,wererenewingGene'slawn.Ithadgrownbrownandpatchyintheheat,andthehomeowners'associationhadthreatenedtoheavilyfinehimifthesituationwasn'timproved.Thenewsod(草皮)wassittinginthedrivewayonfourpallets,butthejobwasslow-going.Gene,then40,wasn'tfeelingright.Hewentinsidetotakeabreakandcollapsedonthecouch,clutchinghischest.Hiswife,MelissaWork,called911quickly.Eventhoughhewasstaringdowndeath,Genehadonethingonhismind:thatlawnifthesodwasn'tputdownthatday,itwoulddie.“Whilehewashavinghisheartattack,literallyinandoutofconsciousness,hekeptbeggingmetohaveitputdownbecausehedidn'twantittogotowaste，”MelissawroteinaFacebookpost.SoonPascoCountyFireRescuearrivedandtookGeneandMelissatothehospital,leavingRoucobehindtotackletheyard.Withinanhour,hehadmanagedtoremovetheoldgrass.Hewasabouttolaythenewsod,whichhefearedwouldtakehimwellintothenight,whentwoemergencyvehiclesappeared.Sevenmen—thesameoneswhohadtreatedhisbrother—gotout.Genehadtoldthemhowbadlyhe'dwantedtogetthesoddown,sotheyhadreturnedtohelp.Thejobwasdoneinundertwohours.Meanwhile,Genehadsurgerytoinsertstents(支架)inhisheart,alleviatingapotentiallydeadlyblockage.He'shomenow,fullyrecovered—andenjoyinghisbeautifullawn.TheWorksarestillamazedthatthoseEMTs(Emergencymedicaltechnician)wentaboveandbeyondtheirjobdescription.“Thesemen，”Melissatoldtampabay.com,“savedGene'slife,andthencamebacktosavehisgrass.That'sjustsoawesome.”文章大意：本文为记叙文。佛罗里达州的急救医生救了吉恩的生命，然后回来又救了他的草。5．WhydidGenewanttorenewhislawn？AA．Itwasinbadcondition.B．Hewasfinedbytheassociation.C．Thesodgrewtooslowly.D．Hedislikedthecolorofthelawn.解析：细节理解题。依据第一段“Ithadgrownbrownandpatchyintheheat...”可知，吉恩想要更新他的草坪是因为它的状况很差了。故A选项正确。6.Thesevenmen(EMTs)returnedinordertoB.A．performtheirdutiesB．helpwithGene'slawnC．checkGene'shouseD．sendGenebackfromhospital解析：推理判断题。依据第三段“Genehadtoldthemhowbadlyhe'dwantedtogetthesoddown,sotheyhadreturnedtohelp.”可知，这七个人(急诊医生)回来是为了帮吉恩修剪草坪。故B选项正确。7．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“alleviating”inParagraph4probablymean？CA．Remove. B．Cause.C．Ease. D．Expand.解析：词义猜测题。依据前后句，吉恩接受了支架植入手术，这减轻了潜在的致命性阻塞。由此推知，alleviating意为“减轻”。remove“移除”；cause“造成”；ease“减轻，缓解”；expand“扩张”。故C选项正确。8．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesEMTs？BA．Selfless. B．Helpful.C．Honest. D．Devoted.解析：推理判断题。EMTs远远超出了其工作范围，不但救了基恩的命，还救了基恩的草。救人是工作职责，救草彰显其乐于助人。selfless“无私的”；helpful“有帮助的”；honest“诚实的”；devoted“献身的，忠诚的”。故B选项正确。Ⅱ.阅读七选五(2021·辽宁省五校协作体联合模拟)Shortnessofbreathhasmanydifferentcauses,andthetreatmentofitisspecificforeachcause.1.GThereare,however,somefollowingfirstaidstepsyoucanusetotreatit,atleastuntiltheambulancearrivesoryou'reabletogetthevictimtoahospital.2.AThemoreenergyyouspend,themoreoxygenyouuseandthemoreshortofbreathyoufeel.Thinkaboutagoodworkoutatthegym.Exercisehardenoughandyouwillfeelshortofbreath.Thecure?Takeabreak.Letthevictimsit,standorliewhere'sthemostcomfortable.There'relotsofmythsabouthowsomebodypositionssupposedlyprovidemoreairflow.Coachesregularlytellplayerstoholdtheirarmsabovetheirheadstomaximizechestexpansion.Nursingstaffassumethe“tripodposition”isthebestposition.3.FUseoxygen.Thisisaspecialcaseusedonlyforpeoplewithchroniclungproblems.Ifthevictimhasoxygenavailable,thisiswhatit'sfor.4.CThevictimmayhavebeentoldbyhisorherdoctorthattoomuchoxygenfortoolongmightcausemoreproblems.Assurethevictimthatsuddenincreasesinshortnessofbreatharetheinstancesinwhichoxygenisneededmost.Treatthecauseofshortnessofbreath.5.DAsthmapatients,forexample,oftenhavemultipletoolsanddrugstofixsuddenshortnessofbreath.Victimsoflunginfectionsmayneedtoseeadoctorandheartattackvictimsmayneedanambulance.A．Havethevictimrest.B．Takemoreexerciseatthegym.C．Thevictimshouldusehisorheroxygenasdirectedbyadoctor.D．There'remanycausesofshortnessofbreathandmanyofthemaretreatable.E．Thevictimcantrytoavoidmakinguseofhisorheroxygenwheneverpossible.F．Everypersonisdifferent,however,soletthevictimdecidewhatpositionisthemostcomfortable.G．Inmanycases,theonlywaytotreatshortnessofbreathistocall911ortakethevictimtoadoctor.文章大意：本文是一篇应用文。主要讲述了呼吸困难的发生有很多原因，同时提出了四种急救方法。解析：1．本段主要讲呼吸困难有很多原因，治疗呼吸困难有不同的方法，因此空处应讲治疗呼吸困难的一般方法，且与下文构成转折关系。故选G。2．根据本段中的“Thecure？Takeabreak.”可知，本段主要讲让患者休息这种方法。故选A。3．根据第三段的主题句可知，此处表示每个人感觉舒服的方式都不同，所以空处应讲让病人决定最舒服的姿势。故选F。4．根据本段的主题句可以判断此处指要使用氧气。故选C。5．根据空处上下文可以判断，此处表示呼吸困难有很多原因，但是可以治疗的。故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空SammyArmstrongwasdrivingtohisofficewhenhe1.noticed(notice)acarwasstuckonrailroadtracks.Thenheheardatrainwhistle.Sammythrewdownhissunglassesandkeysandrantowardthecar.2.Anelderlyman,JeanPapich,eighty-four,satinthedriver'sseat，3.turning(turn)thekeyandhittingthegas.Hiswife,Marion,seventy-eight,waslooking4.nervously(nervous)athim.ThenSammywalkedtowardthecar5.andpusheditforward,buthisbootsslippedonthewarmasphalt(沥青)．Hecouldseethetrainapproachingfast.Itmightbe6.easier(easy)topushthecarbackward,Sammythought.HeranaroundtothefrontofthevehicleandshoutedtoJean7.toput(put)thecarinneutral(空挡位置)．Sammycouldfeelthegroundtremblingunderhisfeet.Heputhisbootsagainstthetrackandpushedforcefully.Finally,thecarrolledoffthetracks.WhenSammylookedup,thetrainwasjustacoupleof8.feet(foot)away.Sammy,shockedand9.speechless(speech),wentbacktoworkascrowdgatheredatthescene.Severalweekslater,MarioncalledtothankSammy.Heresponded,“Ijustdid10.whatIhadtodo.”文章大意：本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了萨米上班途中发现一位老人的汽车卡在火车的轨道中，他努力帮老人将汽车推出铁轨。解析：1．考查动词的时态。根据空后宾语从句中的wasstuckonrailroadtracks“卡在火车的轨道中”及全文主体时态可知，事情发生在过去，因此应用一般过去时。故填noticed。2．考查冠词。JeanPapich为elderlyman的同位语，在文中第一次被提及，因此表泛指，且elderly以元音音素开头。故用不定冠词An。3．考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词sat，设空处应用非谓语动词，且JeanPapich是turn的逻辑主语，两者之间为主谓关系，故用现在分词作伴随状语。故填turning。4．考查副词。句意为：他78岁的妻子玛丽昂正紧张地看着他。设空处修饰waslookingat，应用副词形式。故填nervously。5．考查连词。分析句子结构及语境可知，此处为顺承关系。故用并列连词and。6．考查形容词的比较级。根据上文内容可知，萨米从后面推车行不通，此处应是指或许从前向后推会“更容易”，暗含比较意义。故填easier。7．考查非谓语动词。句意为：他跑到汽车的前面，大声朝他喊，叫他把汽车挂空挡。根据句意，设空处在句中作目的状语，应用不定式。故填toput。8．考查名词的数。句意为：当萨米抬头看时，火车仅距离数英尺。foot为可数名词，设空前有acoupleof修饰，应用复数形式。故填feet。9．考查形容词。设空处与shocked是并列关系，为形容词在句中作伴随状语。故填speechless。10．考查宾语从句。did为谓语动词，后面为宾语从句，且从句中的do缺少宾语，指代事情。故填what。句意为：他回答：“我只是做了我该做的事情。”Ⅳ.短文改错(2021·武汉市毕业生供题)IstillrememberthatcolddaywhenChrisandIgoskatingonalake.Whileenjoyingourselves,Isuddenlynoticedsomethingunusual.TheicebrokeandatthemomentIwarnedChristotakecare,heslippedintothelake.Iwastoofrighteningtoknowwhattodo.Icriedforhelpanxious.Hearingmycries,ayoungmanrushedover,jumpintothelaketosaveChris.Atlast,hewasoutofthewaterbutweimmediatelysenthimtothenearesthospital.Aftershortwhile,Chris'sparentsarrived.Theyexpressedtheirthanktotheyoungman.Howarespectableman!答案：IstillrememberthatcolddaywhenChrisandIeq\o(go,\s\do8(went))skatingonalake.Whileenjoyingeq\o(ourselves,\s\do8(myself))，Isuddenlynoticedsomethingunusual.The