重要事实名词解释

重要事实名词解释重要事实名词解释及相关参考内容

1.GDP(GrossDomesticProduct)

GDPreferstothetotalmonetaryvalueofallfinishedgoodsandservicesproducedwithinacountry'sbordersinaspecifictimeperiod.Itisusedasameasureofacountry'seconomicperformanceandisakeyindicatorofeconomicgrowth.GDPcanbecalculatedusingeithertheincomeapproach(summingupalltheincomesgeneratedfromproduction)ortheexpenditureapproach(summingupalltheexpendituresonfinalgoodsandservices).

Reference:

-"GrossDomesticProduct(GDP)."WorldBank./en/indicators/ny.gdp.mktp.cd

2.Inflation

Inflationreferstothesustainedincreaseinthegeneralpricelevelofgoodsandservicesinaneconomyoveraperiodoftime.Iterodesthepurchasingpowerofmoneyandcanhavevariouscauses,includingexcessivemoneysupply,increasedproductioncosts,orchangesindemandandsupplydynamics.Centralbanksoftenfocusonmanaginginflationthroughmonetarypolicytoolstomaintainpricestability.

Reference:

-"WhatisInflation?"InternationalMonetaryFund./external/np/exr/faq/inflationfa.htm

3.InterestRate

Interestrateisthepercentagechargedorpaidfortheuseofmoney.Itrepresentsthecostofborrowingorthereturnoninvestmentandinfluencesvariouseconomicactivities.Centralbanksuseinterestrateasamonetarypolicytooltocontrolinflation,stimulateeconomicgrowth,orstabilizefinancialmarkets.Higherinterestratestendtodiscourageborrowingandspending,whilelowerinterestratesencourageborrowingandinvestment.

Reference:

-"InterestRatesandInterestCharges."U.S.ConsumerFinancialProtectionBureau./ask-cfpb/what-is-an-interest-rate-and-what-does-it-mean-to-me-en-1791

4.UnemploymentRate

Unemploymentrateisthepercentageofthelaborforcethatisunemployedandactivelyseekingemployment.Itisanimportantindicatorofthehealthofaneconomyandreflectstheavailabilityofjobs.Lowunemploymentratesaregenerallyassociatedwithastrongeconomy,whilehighunemploymentratessuggesteconomicdownturns.Governmentsandpolicymakersoftentargetreducingunemploymentthroughvariousmeasureslikejobcreationprogramsandtraininginitiatives.

Reference:

-"UnemploymentRate."BureauofLaborStatistics,U.S.DepartmentofLabor./opub/ted/2018/unemployment-rate-at-3-point-9-percent-july-2018.htm

5.StockMarket

Astockmarketiswherebuyersandsellerstradesharesofpubliclylistedcompanies.Itprovidesaplatformforcompaniestoraisecapitalbyissuingstocksandforinvestorstobuyandsellthesestocks.Stockmarketsareinfluencedbyvariousfactors,includingeconomicconditions,corporateearnings,investorsentiment,andgovernmentpolicies.Theyplayasignificantroleinallocatingcapitalandarecloselymonitoredasbarometersofeconomicperformance.

Reference:

-"WhatIsaStockMarket?"TheBalanceInvesting./what-is-a-stock-market-definition-examples-and-more-4151402

6.FiscalPolicy

Fiscalpolicyreferstotheuseofgovernmentspendingandtaxationtoinfluencetheeconomy.Itaimstoachievemacroeconomicobjectiveslikeeconomicgrowth,pricestability,andfullemployment.Governmentscanstimulatetheeconomythroughexpansionaryfiscalpolicy,whichinvolvesincreasingspendingand/orreducingtaxes,orcooldownanoverheatingeconomythrough