Unit8+Surprise+endings+语法 牛津译林版英语九年级上册

Unit8Surpriseendings语法：介词短语Grammar介词及介词短语◆介词的功能

介词是一种虚词，用来表示名词、代词等与句中其它词的关系，不能单独使用。介词可与名词或相当于名词的其它词构成介词短语。介词短语可在句中作定语，状语，表语和宾语补足语。例如：

TheboyoverthereisJohn’sbrother.(定语)

Thegirlwillbebackintwohours.

(状语)

OurEnglishteacherisfromAustralia.(表语)

Helpyourselftosomefish.

(宾语补足语)

◆介词和种类(1)简单介词，常用的有at,in,on,of,for,about,before,after,to,with,without等。(2)复合介词，如becauseof,infrontof,insteadof等。◆不同介词的用法（1）表时间的介词

1）at,in,on

表示时间点用at。例如：atsixo’clock,atnoon,atmidnight。表示在某个世纪，某年，某月，某个季节以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上时，用in。例如：inthenineteenthcentury,in2002,inmay,inwinter,inthemorning,intheafternoon等。表示具体的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上时，用on。例如：onMonday,onJuly1st,onSundaymorning等。

（2）表示地点的介词

1）at,in,on

at一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某个范围之内；on往往表示“在某个物体的表面”。例如：

Hearrived_________Shanghaiyesterday.

Theyarrived_________asmallvillagebeforedark.

Thereisabighole________thewall.

Theteacherputupapicture________thewall.

2）

over,above,on

over,on和above都可表示“在……上面”，但具体含义不同。over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反义词是under。above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反义词是below。on指两个物体表面接触，一个在另一的上面。例如：

Thereisabridge_________theriver.

Weflew________theclouds.

Theyputsomeflowers_______theteacher’sdesk.

3）

across,through

across和through均可表示“穿过，通过”，但用法不同。across的含义与on有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行。through的含义与in有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行。例如：

Thedogran_________thegrass.

Theboyswam________theriver.

Theywalked_________theforest.

◆介词短语介词和动词、形容词或名词相结合后，形成复合词，有特定的意思。如下：（1）动词+介词（如：talkabout，lookat）（2）Be动词+形容词+介词（如：bekindof）（3）介词+名词（如：athome，onfoot，intime）介词搭配：常与介词of连用的短语1.动词+of：hearof，thinkof2.be+adj.+of：beafraidof，beproudof,betiredof3.常用短语：allkindsof,becauseof,insteadof常与介词at连用的短语动词+at：arriveat,knockat,lookat,laughat,shoutatbe+adj.+at:begoodat,besurprisedat,disappointedatat+n.:atall,atfirst,atleast,atlast,athome,atonce常与介词for连用的短语：动词+for：payfor，preparefor,carefor,leave...for...,apologizefor,askfor,lookfor,waitforbe+adj.+for:begood/badfor,befamous/knownfor,beusefulfor,bereadyfor,beresponsibleforfor+n.:forexample,forfun,forsale,forawhile常与介词from连用的短语动词+from：comefrom，escapefrom，hearfrom，learnfrom，sufferfrombe+adj.+from:bedifferentfrom,bemadefrom,befarfrom五．常与介词in连用的短语：1.动词+in：succeedin，givein，arrivein2.be+形容词+in：bebornin，bebusyin，beinterestedin3.in+名词：inpublic，inreturn，indanger，introuble，intime六．常与介词about连用的短语：1．动词+about：worryabout，thinkabout，talkabout2．Be+形容词+about：becrazyabout，beexcitedabout，beanxiousbout常与介词on连用的短语：1．动词+on：dependon，goon，turnon，spendon，puton2.be+形容词/过去分词+on：bedependenton，bekeenon3.on+名词：onfoot，onearth，onbusiness，ontheonehand,ontheotherhand八．常与介词to连用的短语：1.动词+to：listento，belongto，devoteto，lookforwardto,payattentionto，prefer…to…,2.be+形容词+to：becloseto，beharmfulto，beusedto（doing）sth.，bekindto3.与介词to连用的其他常用短语：toone’ssurprise，accordingto九．常与介词with连用的短语1.动词+with：agreewith，cover…with…,do/dealwith2.be+形容词+with：beangrywith，bestrictwith，bebusywith，befilledwith3动词+sth./sb+with+sth./sb:compare…with…,provide…with...Grammar检测题一、单项选择.1.WhendidMr.GreenarriveinLondon?Hearrivedthere__________theeveningofDecember13th.A.in B.on C.during D.at2.HowmanyEnglishwordshadyoulearnt__________lastterm?A.bytheendof B.attheendof C.intheendof D.tilltheendof3.Thepolicehurriedtothespotandbeganthesearch__________thelostchileonalargescale.A.through B.for C.of D.with4.Theglassfell___________-thetableandbroke.A.off B.under C.down D.with5.Idon’tliketheideaofour_____________here.A.live B.living C.life D.lives6.Heisuesdto___________musicwhilehavingawalk.A.listen B.listento C.listeningto D.listening7._________thisbookandtellmewhatyouthinkof.A.Lookinto B.Lookthrough C.Lookup D.Lookon8.Thismathproblemisverydifficult,sohecan’t____________it___________.A.work;out B.point;out C.set;out D.try;on9.Theoldmandied__________cancerlastyear.A.with B.from C.of D.for10.Allthestudentsmust__________yourhomeworkbeforeteno’clock,oryouwillbepunished.A.handout B.handin C.handover D.handup二、用适当的介词填空。1.I’msorryIcan’tsayit______

Chinese.

2.Doyouusuallygotoschool______bike?

3.Look,thefarmeriscarryingapples_____

atruck.

4.Isanyone_____

home?

5.Pleaselook______mybirdwhenI’maway.

6.AreJimandLiLei

______

thesameclass?

7.Thereisahole______

thewall.

8.

_______

thebeginningofthisterm,Imetmynewfriend,Jim.

9.Thereareafewleaves_______thetree.

10.Thegirl

______

theredcoatismysister.

11.Couldyougiveanorange

______

me?

12.It’stimetogo______bed.

13.Icanseeabottle______

orange.

14.Putthebasket_______

there.

15.What’swrong

______

yourwatch?

16.One______

thestudentsisintheclassroom.

17.Ithinktheshopisclosed______

thistimeofday.

18.MyfatherteachesEnglish_______

aschool.

19.Wehavelunch_______

themiddleoftheday.

20.Youcanbuysomeschoolthings

______

yourwayhome.二、完形填空。April27isaspecialdayinBritain.It’scalledTakeOurDaughterstoWorkDay.Itwas1toBritainin1994fromAmerica.Onthatdaythousandsofgirlstakeaday2schoolandgowithoneoftheirparentstotheirworkplaces.Bydoingthis,itcan3girlsmoreaboutthesocietywheretheylive.Nowthegirlscanhaveacloselookat4theirparentsaredoing.Thismayhelpthemtobecalmerwhentheyhavetochoosea5.Maryexperiencedadayofworkathermother’soffice.Thishelpedher6hermother’sworkbetter.Shesaidthatthismadeherfeelmoreconfidentaboutherfuture.Schoolsandmanycompanies7theactivity,too.Someschools8makethedayanecessarypartofschoollife.Expertsthinkthatgirlswithmoreself-confidencearemorelikelytobe9thancommongirls.10parentscansetgoodexamplesbothatworkandathomeforthem,theywilldobetterthanothers.TakeOurDaughterstoWorkDayissurelyastepintherightdirection.()1.A.sentB.givenC.broughtD.taken()2.A.offB.atC.awayD.of()3.A.talkB.keepC.teachD.make()4.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.whom()5.A.placeB.schoolC.friendD.job()6.A.thankB.understandC.praiseD.remember()7.A.holdB.refuseC.chooseD.support()8.A.justB.neverC.evenD.ever()9.A.successfulB.politeC.friendlyD.knowledgeable()10.A.BecauseB.IfC.WhileD.Though三、阅读理解OldGeorgeboughttheblackglovesforjust$35tenyearsago.Theyweremadeoflambskin,softandwarmandverystrong.Untilthen,hehadworncheaperman-madematerial.Thoseglovesneverlastedlongerthanthreeyears.Hefirstdecidedtobuytheexpensivegloves,becausetheywouldmakehimfeelniceinfrontofothers.Georgeneverletadropofwaterorraintouchhisexpensivegloves,sotheylookednew.Losingthisfavouritethingwasalmostlikelosingachildtohim.Badluck!GeorgelosthisexpensiveglovesonNewYear'sDay.…Backhome.Georgewasataloss.Indeepwinter,hecouldnotdowithoutapairofgloves.Ifheboughtcheaponesagain,hewouldhavetoreplace(更换)themverysoon.Ifheboughtanewleatherpair,itwouldcost$50now.Hewasupsetthatpeoplenolongerreturnedthingstheyfoundontheroad.Aftertheholiday,poorGeorgedecidedtobuyanotherleatherpair.Beforeboardingthesubway,hewentintoValueMartagaintoseeifhisgloveshadbeenreturnedtotheLostandFoundOffice(失物招领处)."Whatcolourarethey?"thewomanintheofficeaskedagain."Black,"hegavethesameanswer.Shelookedintoherdraweranddrewoutapairofmen'sleathergloves."Arethey?""Yes!Thosearemine!"Georgeexplained,withgreatjoyinhiseyes.1.WhendidGeorgebuytheleathergloves?A.OnNewYear'sDay.B.Beforetheholiday.C.Tenyearsago.D.Inthewinter.2.WhydidGeorgedecidetobuytheexpensivegloves?A.Becausetheywereblack.B.Becausetheymadehimfeelgoodbeforeothers.C.BecausetheyhadalonghistoryD.Becausetheyweremuchcheaper.3.Theleathergloveslookednewafteryearsbecause_______.A.Georgetookverygoodcareofthem.B.theyweresoftandwarm.C.theywereexpensive.D.Georgewashedthemwithwater.4.HowdidGeorgefeelwhenhegothomeonNewYear'sDay?A.Hewashappy.B.HefeltniceC.HewasthankfulD.Hefeltupset5.AboutoldGeorge,whichofthefollowingistrue?HewasaveryrichmanHeneverboughtcheapglovesHebelievedsomebodywouldreturntheglovestohimHehadn'texpectedtogethisglovesback.课后作业一、提高练习。()1.Childrengetgifts____Christmasand____theirbirthdays.A.on;onB.at;onC.in;inD.in;on()2.-Thereisnothing____tomorrowafternoon,isthere?-No.Wecanhaveagameoftabletennis.A.onB.inC.outD.up()3.Alotofstudentsinourschoolwereborn____March,1981.A.inB.atC.onD.since()4.Theysuddenlyreturned____arainynight.A.onB.atC.inD.during()5.Mygrandfatherwasborn____Oct.10,1935.A.onB.inC.atD.of()6.Thetrainisstarting___fiveminutes.A.inB.atC.forD.still()7.Mikedoeshisexercises____seven_____theevening.A.on;toB.at;inC.by;ofD.at;on()8.Thepopulationoftheworldhasgrownveryfast______fourhundredyears.A.forpasttheB.inthepassC.inthepastD.forpast()9.Wereturnedtoourhometown_____.A.nextweekB.inthelastweekC.lastweekD.foraweek()10.Greatchangeshavetakenplace_____.A.inthelastfewyearB.inthelastfewyearsC.lastyearD.onthelastyear()11.Childrenwakeupveryearly____themorningofChristmasDay.A.inB.onC.ForD.at()12._____acoldwintermorning,Imetherinthestreet.A.In