广东省2022年中考英语复习学案-专题十非谓语动词

专题十非谓语动词广东省卷近5年中考统计情况201720182019202020211.不定式√√√√√2.动名词3.省略to的不定式1.非谓语动词概念:非谓语动词是句子中不是谓语的动词形式,有不定式todo/be,-ing即doing/being,done/been即过去分词三种形式。2.非谓语动词结构:结构示例肯定形式“to+do”(有的不带to)Heaskedmetoplayfootballwithhim.他叫我和他一起踢足球。(带to)Isawaboygoacrosstheroadjustnow.我刚才看见有个男孩过了马路。(不带to)否定形式“nottodo”Theteachertoldmenottobelateagain.老师告诉我不要再迟到。续表结构示例动词-ing形式Mostpeoplelivinghereareteachers.住在这里的大多数人是老师。I’mconsideringhavingapicnic.我正在考虑去野餐。过去分词Theboynamed/calledTomisfromEngland.这个名为汤姆的男孩来自英国。动词不定式的用法句法作用例句作主语Tolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasy./It’snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguage.学习一门外语不是一件简单的事情。作表语Theimportantthingistofinishtheworkontime.按时完成工作很重要。作宾语Ihopetotravelallovertheworldoneday.我希望某天可以环游世界。IfinditdifficulttolearnChinesewell.我发现学好汉语很难。(it用作形式宾语,真正的宾语在后面)疑问词与不定式连用作宾语Idon’tknowwhattobuyformymother.我不知道给妈妈买什么。作宾语补足语Lucyaskedhimtoturnofftheradio.露西叫他关掉收音机。Thefathermadehissonstudyhard.爸爸让他的儿子努力学习。作定语Wehavealotofhomeworktodoeveryday.我们每天有很多作业要做。作状语Icomeheretosaygoodbyetoyou.我来这里向你告别。后面常用动词不定式作宾语的动词三个希望两答应(hope;wish;want;agree;promise),计划提出莫拒绝(plan;offer;refuse),设法学会做决定(manage;learn;decide),选择支付失败了(choose;afford;fail)后面常用动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语)要求允许提议(ask,allow,advise),期望邀请鼓励(expect,invite,encourage),教导告诉想要(teach,tell,want),等待希望愿意(waitfor,wish,wouldlike/love)(B)1.Motherasksme_______Englisheverymorning.

A.read B.toread C.reading D.notread(C)2.—WhatshouldIdo,doctor?—_______healthy,youshouldtakemoreexercise.

A.Keep B.Keeping C.Tokeep D.Kept(A)3.Thegovernmentissettingupnatureparks_______protectpandas.

A.tohelp B.help C.helped D.helps(A)4.Hetookoffhisexpensivewatch_______thefactthathewasrich.

A.tohide B.hid C.hide D.hidden(A)5.It’snecessaryforus_______Englishwell.

A.tolearn B.learning C.learn D.learnt不定式的省略后接不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词(短语):“一感”(feel)“二听”(listento,hear)“三让”(let,make,have)“四看”(lookat,see,watch,notice)“半帮助”(help)Thispicturemakesmefeelexcited!这幅图片让我感到激动!Theycanhelpyou(to)learnEnglish.他们可以帮助你学习英语。注意:变成被动语态时,动词原形前要加“to”IsawTomgetintotheteachers’office.(主动)Tomwasseentogetintotheteachers’office.(被动)续表使用带to的不定式的常用句型Thereisnotimetodo...没有时间做……Shesaysthereisnotimetowaste.她说没有时间可浪费了。It’stime(+forsb.)+todo...是做……的时间了It’stimetohaveaclass/forclass.到上课的时间了。使用不带to的不定式的常用句型hadbetter(not)dosth.最好(不)做某事Youhadbetterstayathome.你最好待在家里。wouldratherdoAthandoB宁愿做A,也不愿做BIwouldratherstayathomethangoouttoplay.我宁愿待在家里也不愿出去玩。prefertodoAratherthandoB宁愿做A也不愿做BHepreferstohaveaclassratherthanhavearest.他宁愿上一节课,也不愿休息。Whydon’tyou/Whynotdosth.?为什么不做某事?Whydon’tyou/Whynotgoouttoseeafilmwithme?为什么不出去和我一起去看电影呢?Would/Couldyoupleasedosth.?请问你能做某事吗?Would/Couldyoupleasepassmeaglassofwater?你能递给我一杯水吗?(B)1.Bettyisn’tathome.Shewasseen_______outjustnow.

A.go B.togo C.went D.gone(C)2.Timeislimited!You’dbetter_______yourtimeanymore.

A.nottowaste B.towaste C.notwaste D.waste(D)3.—ItriedtomakeAlice_______hermindbutIfounditdifficult.

—Well,Isawyou_______thatwhenIwentpast.

A.changed;do B.changes;doing C.change;todo D.change;doing(A)4.Kidslikereadingstorieswhichcanmakethem_______.

A.laugh B.tolaugh C.laughing D.laughed动名词动名词的用法句法功能例句作主语Playingchessisfun.下棋是有趣的。作表语Thenurse’sjobislookingafterthepatients.护士的工作是照顾病人。作宾语Youcan’tleavetheclassroomuntilyoufinishdoingyourhomework.直到做完作业你才能离开教室。后接动词-ing作宾语的动词(短语)喜欢不断提建议(enjoy;keep;suggest);想要介意已完毕(feellike;mind;finish);忍不住考虑练习(can’thelp;consider;practice);忙于避免推迟(bebusy;avoid;putoff)使用动名词的常用结构havefundoingsth.做某事很开心giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事enjoydoingsth.享受做某事spendtime/moneydoingsth.花费时间/金钱做某事beworthdoingsth.值得做某事haveproblems/troubledoingsth.做某事有困难所有的介词(in,at,for,of,from,about,to等)后接动词-ingbeusedtodoingsth.习惯于做某事What/Howaboutdoingsth.?……怎么样?feellikedoingsth.想要做某事lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事begoodatdoingsth.擅长做某事beinterestedindoingsth.对做某事感兴趣续表payattentiontodoingsth.注意做某事beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事makeacontributiontodoingsth.为……做贡献getawayfromdoingsth.逃避做某事stop/prevent/keepsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事succeedindoingsth.成功做某事【辨析】既可接不定式作宾语,又可接动名词作宾语的动词(短语)continue,start,begin,hate,like,love,prefer接todo或doing作宾语,意义差别不大Iprefertoread/readinganovel.我更喜欢读小说。forget,remember,regret接todo:表示不定式的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之后Iforgottotellyouaboutit.我忘记告诉你那件事了。(先forget,后tell)接doing:表示动名词的动作发生于谓语动词的动作之前IrememberedgivingthebooktoLiLei,buthesaidIdidn’t.我记得我把书给李雷了,但是他说我没有给。(先give,后remember)stop,goon接todosth.表示“停下来/接着做另一件事”,即去做与原来不同的一件事Hearingthedoorbell,shestoppedtoopenthedoor.听见门铃声,她停下(手中的活)去开门。接doingsth.表示停止/继续做某事,指停止/继续手头的事Hearingthedoorbell,shestoppedwashingthedishes.听见门铃声,她停止洗碗了。meanmeantodo:表示一种意图,意思是:打算做,想要做Wemeantocallonyoutomorrow.我们打算明天去看望你。meandoing:意味着做Successmeansworkinghard.成功意味着努力工作。trytrytodo:表示一种决心,意思是:设法做,尽力做I’mtryingtolearnEnglishwell.我尽力学好英语。trydoing:表示没有把握,意思是:试着做Itriedopeningthedoor.我试着开了开门。(C)1.Isawher_______flowersinthegardenwhenIpassedby.

A.towater B.water C.watering D.watered(C)2.—Hello,Lucy,pleasegivemesome_______onhowtoimprovemyEnglish!

—You’dbetterkeep_______moreEnglishbooks.

A.advices;read B.advice;read C.advice;reading D.advices;reading(C)3.—Myuncleisagainstwastinganything.—Nowonderhewouldrather_______theoldbikethan_______anewone.

A.repair;tobuy B.torepair;buy C.repair;buy D.torepair;tobuy(D)4.MissChen,mydearEnglishteacher,oftenencouragesme_______thechallengesinmystudy.

A.face B.faces C.facing D.toface(C)5.—Whattimedoyougetupinthemorningonschooldays?—Igetupat7:00everymorningtoavoid_______theearlybus.

A.miss B.missed C.missing D.tomiss(A)6.Westopped_______,buttherewasnotanysound.

A.tolisten B.listens C.listen D.listening(A)7.—Ithinkyoushouldstop_______himinEnglish.

—Isee.Hecan’tunderstandEnglishatall.LetmetryinFrench.A.talkingto B.totalkto C.talkto D.totalkingto过去分词1.作定语ThegirlcalledLucywontheEnglishspeechcontest.那个叫露西的女孩赢了英语演讲比赛。2.作宾语补足语常跟过去分词作宾语补足语的有:have/get/makeThereissomethingwrongwithmybike.Ihavetogetitrepaired.我的自行车坏了,我得找人修一下。(B)1.Ittookusoneweek_______thisarticle_______byMoYan.

A.read;written B.toread;written C.reading;towrite D.toread;towrite(B)2.Heexplainedagainandagaininordertomakewhathedid_______.

A.understand B.understood C.tounderstand D.understanding(A)3.Smartphones_______byHuaweiaregettingmoreandmorepopulararoundtheworld.

A.made B.making C.tomake D.aremade(C)1.(2020·苏州中考)Thedoctorsandnursesmanaged_______thelivesofpatients,thoughtheydidn’thaveenoughmedicine.

A.save B.saving C.tosave D.tosaving(A)2.(2020·龙东中考)Weshoulddowhatwecan_______thosepeoplewhentheyareintrouble.

A.tohelp B.helped C.help D.helping(C)3.(2020·泸州中考)BecauseofCOVID-19inFebruary,thegovernmentadvisedus_______tothepublicplacesless.

A.going B.go C.togo D.gone(A)4.(2020·遂宁中考)It’simportantforus_______ahealthylifestyle.

A.tokeep B.keep C.keeping D.kept(D)5.(2020·铜仁中考)—Look,Kangkang!Thatoldmaniscrossingthecrosswalk.—Jane,let’s_______him.

A.helps B.tohelp C.helping D.help(C)6.(2020·新疆中考)—Whydon’tthedoctorsstop_______lunch?

—Becausetheyarebusy_______apatient.

A.tohave;tosave B.having;saving C.tohave;saving D.having;tosave(C)7.(2020·重庆中考A卷)Theyhope_______thebasketballmatch.

A.win B.won C.towin D.winning(C)8.(2020·自贡中考)—ThemovieTheWanderingEarthiswonderful.Doyoufeellike_______ittonight?

—I’dloveto,butmyparentswon’tletme_______outtoolate.

A.watching;tostay B.towatch;staying C.watching;stay D.towatch;stay(B)9.(2020·大庆中考)—What’snext?—I’llhaveTony_______youaround.

A.toshow B.show C.showed D.shown(A)10.(2020·福建中考)Thetwinbrothersarebusy_______artworksfromoceanwaste.

A.making B.make C.tomake D.made(A)11.(2021·临沂中考)Duringthe16thcentury,Europesawrichdevelopmentsinscience,medicineandthearts.Peoplehadto“invent”words_______newideas.

A.toexpress B.expresses C.express D.expressed(D)12.(2021·大连中考)Don’tworry.WewillmeetnextMonday_______theprojectagain.

A.discuss B.discussed C.discussing D.todiscuss(D)13.(2021·盐城中考)LastSeptember,Thunderstormwasshown_______CaoYu,oneofChina’sgreatestplaywrights.

A.remember B.remembering C.remembered D.toremember(A)14.(2021·重庆中考)Peter’smothergetsupearly_______breakfastforhimeverymorning.

A.tomake B.making C.make D.makes(D)15.(2021·达州中考)—MsGriffin,whatshouldwedo_______stupidmistakesinthecomingexams?

—Bemorecareful.A.avoidmake B.avoidingmakingC.avoidmaking D.toavoidmaking(C)16.(2021·云南中考)Theearthisingreatdangernow.Wehavetodosomething_______it.

A.protect B.protecting C.toprotect D.protected(C)17.(2021·重庆中考)Thevillagersplan_______anewbridgeovertheriver.

A.build B.building C.tobuild D.built(A)18.(2021·遂宁中考)—Myparentsdon’tallowme_______myphoneonschooldays.

—Theyarestrict.Buttheyalwayswantthebestforyou.A.touse B.use C.using D.used(A)19.(2021·昆明中考)Itisnecessarytolearn_______timeandmakegooduseofeveryminute.

A.tomanage B.managing C.tolose D.losing(C)20.(2021·扬州中考)Inmanycountries,peopleputtheirfingersuptotheirmouths_______silence.

A.askfor B.askingfor C.toaskfor D.askedfor语法选择Tonyusedtoworkinacompany.1,hegotseriousheartdisease.Hecouldn’tworkforalongtime.Thinkinghecouldstilldosomethingforothers,hedecidedtobeavolunteerataChildren’sHospital.Tonylooked2thechildrenverywell,andallthechildrenlovedhimdeeply.Ofcourse,withhislovehedidhisjobwell.

Therewasagirl3couldnotwalkbecauseofadisease.Shecouldn’tdoanythingandshewasverysad.Whatwasworse,thedoctorssaidthattheycoulddolittlefor4.Tonydecidedtotrytohelpher.Hestartedvisitingher,bringingpaints,brushesandpaper.Heputthebrushinher