内蒙古自治区乌兰察布市集宁区第二中学2022-2023学年高三上学期期中英语试题

内蒙古乌兰察布市集宁区第二中学20222023学年高三上学期期中考试英语试卷第I卷(选择题)一、阅读理解(本大题共15小题，共分)AWashington,D.C.BicycleToursCherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursThissmallgroupbiketourisafantasticwaytoseeaworldfamouscherrytreeswithbeautifulflowersofWashington,D.C.Yourguidewillprovideahistorylessonaboutthetreesandthefamousmonumentswheretheyblossom.Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—thecherryblossoms—disappear!WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTourDuration:3hours(4miles)JoinaguidedbiketourandviewsomeofthemostpopularmonumentsinWashington,D.C.ExplorethemonumentsandmemorialsontheNationalMallasyourguidesharesuniquefactsandhistoryateachstop.Guidedtourincludesbike,helmet,cookiesandbottledwater.CapitalCityBikeTourInWashington,D.C.Duration:3hoursMorningorAfternoon,thisbiketouristheperfecttourforD.C.newersandlocalslookingtoexperienceWashington,D.C.inahealthywaywithminimumeffort.Knowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemost,interestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.fortablebikesandasmoothtourroute(路线)makecyclingbetweenthesitesfunandrelaxing.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTourDuration:3hours(7miles)JoinasmallgroupbiketourforaneveningofexplorationintheheartofWashington,D.C.GetupclosetothemonumentsandmemorialsasyoubikethesitesofCapitolHillandtheNationalMall.Frequentstopsaremadeforphototakingasyourguideoffersuniquefactsandhistory.Tourincludesbike,helmet,andbottledwater.Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.1.Whichtourdoyouneedtobookinadvance?A.CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.B.WashingtonCapitalMonumentsBicycleTour.C.CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington.D.WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour.2.WhatwillyoudoontheCapitalCityBikeTour?A.Meetfamouspeople. B.Gotoanationalpark.C.Visitwellknownmuseums. D.Enjoyinterestingstories.3.Whichofthefollowingdoesthebicycletouratnightprovide?A.Citymaps. B.Cameras.C.Meals. D.Safetylights.【答案】1.A2.D3.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇广告应用文。文章介绍了在Washington,D.C.骑自行车旅行的四条路线的相关行程及注意事项。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章CherryBlossomBikeTourinWashington,D.C.中的Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability可知，这个骑行项目需要提前预约。故选A。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据文章CapitalCityBikeTourinWashington,D.C.中的KnowledgeableguideswillentertainyouwiththemostinterestingstoriesaboutPresidents,Congress,memorials,andparks.可知，在这个活动中，你可以享受有趣的故事。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章WashingtonCapitalSitesatNightBicycleTour中的Allridersareequippedwithreflectivevestsandsafetylights.可知，所有骑行者都要装备反光背心和安全手电筒。故选D。【点睛】本篇文章最容易出错的题是21题，究其原因是不熟悉词汇reserve的词义：预约。inadvance意为“提前“。因此，高考前熟悉词汇和短语是重中之重的事情。Reserveyourspotbeforeavailability—andthecherryblossoms—disappear在有效期和樱花消失前预约。BWhereverwego,wearesurroundedbyhistory.Acrosstheglobe,culturalheritageispasseddownthroughthegenerations.Itisinthebuildingsandstructuresaroundus.Itisintheartsandartifacts(手工艺品)wetreasure.Itlivesinthelanguageswespeakandthestorieswetell.Buttoday,itisunderattackasneverbefore.Notonlyarethedamagesoftimethreateningourculturalheritage,butconflicts,climatechange,globalizationandtourismareallexactingaheavyprice.Technologyisnowthemostessentialweaponinthebattle.Here'showtechnologyispreservingourculturalheritage.Asyoucanimagine,creatingthereplicas(复制品)viacrowdsourced2Dimagesisextremelytimeconsuming.Increasingly,artificialintelligence(AI)algorithms(算法)arebeingusedtodoalltherequiredsourcing,allowingmillionsofimagestobestoredinamatterofhours.AIwillalsomakerestorationandpreservationofexistingculturalheritagefareasierandvastlysuperiortopreviousmethods.Virtualreality(VR)technologywillplayaleadingroleinpreservingourculturalheritageintheingyears.Manyofthemostimportantsitesandarchitectureareextremelyfragile.Humaninteractionwiththeselocationsisdoingagreatdealofharm.Wastesaccumulateeverywhere,causingenormousproblems.Asmoreculturalheritagesitesandobjectsaredigitallymappedandrecorded,VRtechnologywillincreasinglybeethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.We'llalleventuallybeabletowalkthroughplaces,lookat(andtouch!)artifactsandworksofartwithouteverseeingthemwithourowneyes.Finally,ourculturalheritagewillbepreservedviatechnology.Effortsinresearch,innovation,datasharingandprojectworkwillhelppromoteandpreservetheculturalheritageofcountriesallacrosstheworld.4.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“exacting”inparagraph1mean?A.Paying. B.Cutting. C.Receiving. D.Demanding.5.WhatistheadvantageofAlinpreservingculturalheritage?A.Itgenerates2Dimages. B.Itmakesrestorationeasier.C.Itmakespreservationsafer. D.Itcreatesreplicasinseconds.6HowdoesVRhelptopreserveculturalheritage?A.Byrecyclinghugeamountsofwaste. B.Byreducinghumanimpactonthesite.C.Byforbiddingvisitorsfromtouchingartifacts. D.Byeducatingpeopleaboutthesites'importance.7.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.HowTechnologyChangesArt B.WhatCulturalHeritageMeanstoUsC.PreservetheAncientwiththeAdvanced D.PrepareforaRevolutioninTechnology【答案】4.A5.B6.B7.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍现代技术（AI和VR）怎样应用在文化遗产的保护上。【4题详解】词句猜测题。由文章第一段“Buttoday,itisunderattackasneverbefore.Notonlyarethedamagesoftimethreateningourculturalheritage”(但今天，文化受到前所未有的攻击。时间的破坏不仅威胁着我们的文化遗产)可知，后文应该讲的是冲突、气候变化、全球化和旅游业都在要求付出沉重的代价。可以猜测exacting为“要求付出”。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。由文章第二段“AIwillalsomakerestorationandpreservationofexistingculturalheritagefareasierandvastlysuperiortopreviousmethods.”(人工智能还将使现有文化遗产的恢复和保护变得更加容易，并且大大优于以前的方法。)可知，人工智能使现有文化遗产的恢复变得更容易。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由文章第三段“Asmoreculturalheritagesitesandobjectsaredigitallymappedandrecorded,VRtechnologywillincreasinglybeethewaythatpeopleexperiencethem.We'llalleventuallybeabletowalkthroughplaces,lookat(andtouch!)artifactsandworksofartwithouteverseeingthemwithourowneyes.”(随着越来越多的文化遗址和文物被数字地图和记录，虚拟现实技术将越来越成为人们体验它们的方式。我们最终都将能够在不同的地方穿行，观看（和触摸！）手工艺品和艺术品却不用真正看到它们。)可知，VR技术可以模拟出这些文化遗产让我们感受而不用去现场，从而减少人类对文化遗址的影响以及破坏。故选B项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。由文章第一段“Here'showtechnologyispreservingourculturalheritage.”(以下是科技如何保护我们的文化遗产。)以及文章最后一段“Finally,ourculturalheritagewillbepreservedviatechnology.Effortsinresearch,innovation,datasharingandprojectworkwillhelppromoteandpreservetheculturalheritageofcountriesallacrosstheworld.”(最后，我们的文化遗产将通过技术得到保护。研究、创新、数据共享和项目工作的努力将有助于促进和保护世界各国的文化遗产。)可知，本文主要介绍现代技术应用在文化遗产的保护上。而C项PreservetheAncientwiththeAdvanced(用先进的技术保护古代)切合文意。故选C项。CMybestfriendtraveledtostaywithourfamilylastweekend.Whenshearrived,shewentstraighttothekitchenand,withoutasking,ateaspoonfulofraspberryjamandsomedriedfruit.Shewasn’tbeingrude.Iknewshewoulddothis.We’veknowneachotherforalmost20years.Shecaneatanythingshewantsfrommykitchen.Indeed,Iboughtherfavoritefruitsandsnacksattheshopthatmorning.Ourlongweekendtogetherwasluxuriously(惬意地)simple.Iwasrecoveringfromsurgery(手术)andcouldn’tgotoshoppingmalls.Wepassedthetimerunningerrands(做杂事),goingtothepostofficeandcollectingdrycleaning.Wedrankwaytoomanycappuccinos.Butwetalkedabouteverylittledetailofourlives.There’sneverbeenaquietmomentinourfriendship.We’velivedindifferentcitiesforalmostadecade.Reunionsdemandconstantconversation.ourpersonalitiesarematched,tobesure,andasharedhistoryisindescribablyvaluable.Wewerepetitorsinhighschoolbeforebondingoverabadexperience.Thenwediscoveredthemanyintereststhatwehadinmon.Ourfriendshipcemented(巩固)itselfquickly.Westayedpanionsthroughlawschool,throughourfirstjobsandourfirstboyfriends.Wesupportedeachotherthroughbreakupsandbreakthroughs.Oursisafriendshipfortheages.Thereissomethingspecialaboutfriendswhoknoweveryoneandeverythingaboutyou.Theyarerare.Thesearethepeopleyou’vechosentowitnessyourlife.Theyhaveseenthebrightlightsofachievement,thedepthsofdespair(绝望)andtheboringroutine(平淡乏味)oftheinbetween.It’sspecialtounpackfeelingsandfrustrationswithoutwastingtimefillingintheblanks.Asmylongweekendshows,withsuchfriendswedon’thaveto“do”,wesimplyhaveto“be”.Wedroptheact,theperformance,thepublicversionofourselves.Thespecialfriendshipsarethosewhichneverfailtodelight,thecontinuationofwhichisworththeextraeffort,despitedistanceanddifferencesneaking(溜进)intoyourseparatelives.Ihadtheverygreatjoyofthisreminderlastweekend.I’mluckytohavefoundthisfriend,toseeafuturewhereherpanionshipremains.Beingtogetherisperfection.8Whathappenedduringherbestfriend’svisit?A.Theyenjoyedaneventfullongweekend. B.Theybondedbyhavinglongconversations.C.Theymadetheirfavoritesnacksandcoffee. D.Theytalkedaboutrecentnewsevents.9.Onethingthattheauthorappreciatesabouttheirfriendshipisthat______.A.theyhelpeachotherdealwiththeboredomoflifeB.theyprefertowitnesseachother’slivesfromfarawayC.theytrytoshoweachothertheirbestselvesD.theyarefortablebeingthemselveswhentogether10.Whichofthefollowingwouldtheauthoragreewith?A.Charmesfromdifferences. B.Politenessbringsbestfriendscloser.C.Goodfriendshipslastnaturally. D.Goodfriendshipsneeddevotion.11.Theauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthisarticleisto______.A.describewhatherbestfriendislike B.tellaboutthefriendshipshetreasuresC.explorethekeyaspectsoffriendship D.expressthankstoherbestfriend【答案】8.B9.D10.D11.C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过介绍自己和朋友相处的点点滴滴的故事，表示自己十分珍惜与朋友间的这段友谊，同时告诉读者，维系良好的友谊需要奉献。【8题详解】推理判断题。通过文章第二段“Ourlongweekendtogetherwasluxuriouslysimple.(我们在一起的长周末过得很惬意，很简单)”以及“Butwetalked.Abouteverylittledetailofourlives.(但是我们进行了交谈。有关生活中的每一个细节)”可推知，作者最好的朋友来访期间，她们通过长谈而变得更亲密。故选B项。【9题详解】推理判断题。通过文章倒数第二段“Asmylongweekendshows,withsuchfriendswedon’thaveto“do”,wesimplyhaveto“be”.Wedroptheact,theperformance,thepublicversionofourselves.(正如我的周末所表明的那样，有这样的朋友，我们不需要“做些什么”，我们只需要做我们自己。我们放弃装模作样，放弃表演，以及公众场合的面具)”可推知，作者欣赏他们友谊的原因之一是她们在一起时很自在，不必虚情假意。故选D项。【10题详解】推理判断题。通过文章最后一段“Thespecialfriendshipsarethosewhichneverfailtodelight,thecontinuationofwhichisworththeextraeffort,despitedistanceanddifferencesneakingintoyourseparatelives.(特殊的友谊是那些永远不会忘记快乐的友谊，尽管距离和差异会默默影响你们各自的生活，但这种友谊的延续值得付出额外的努力)”可推知，作者认为良好的友谊需要奉献。故选D项【11题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，再根据文章第三段“Reunionsdemandconstantconversation.(团聚需要不断的交谈)”以及文章最后一段“thecontinuationofwhichisworththeextraeffort(这种友谊的延续值得付出额外的努力)”可推知，作者在讲述自己和朋友之间的友谊的同时点明了建立、发展和保持友谊的重要因素，所以作者写这篇文章的主要目的是探索维系友谊的重要因素。故选C项。DImagineyoursmartphone’sscreengetsbroken,oryourfavouritebootsgetaholeinthem.Whatdoyoudo?Youcouldbuyareplacement.Oryoucouldjointheworldwidetrendoftakingyourbrokenstufftoa“repaircafé”.TheBowerReuseandRepairCentrehasjustlaunchedAustralia’sfirstrepaircafé,inSydney’sinnerwest.Thecrowdfundedprojectwillholdweeklyrepairsessionsfocusingonbikes,furnitureandelectricalitems.ThefirstrepaircaféwassetupinAmsterdamin2009,andtheRepairCafeFoundationsaystherearenowmorethan400aroundtheworld.Arepaircaféisafreefacetofacemeetingofskilledvolunteersandlocalresidentswhowantthingsfixed.Visitorsbringbrokenitemsfromhomeandwatch,learnorhelpastherepairsgetdone.Somethingsarefixedduringtheevent,whileformorechallengingitemspeoplemightbereferredtolocalspecialityrepairshops.Lastyear,accordingtotheABS,Australianssentmorethanhalfamilliontonsofleathertolandfill—morethantentimestheamountthatwasreusedorrecycled.Mendingrepresentsanattempttoresistthethrowawayculture.Repaircafésgetpeopletalkingandgivethemthechancetonetworkandlearnaboutthelocalresourcesavailable.And,perhapsmostsurprisinglyforanyonewhoconsidersmendingtobesomekindofdrudgery,repaircaféscanbefunandcreative.“Inacirculareconomy,repaircafésfitrightin”,saystheorganiserMartinePostma.Inrejectingbuyusethrow,thecirculareconomyaimstokeepresourcesmovingaroundintheeconomy,ratherthanmovingthemthroughittoadeadend,wheretheycannotbeputintovaluableuse.Itmightbequickerandeasiertothrowstuffinthebin,butit’smoreexpensiveandlessfuntoo.12.WhatcanweknowabouttherepaircaféinSydney?A.It’sfinancedbythegovernment. B.Itsvisitorsareinvolvedinthefixing.C.It’sthefirstrepaircaféintheworld. D.Allitemsarefixedduringtheevent.13.Whydoestheauthordiscusslandfillinparagraph4?A.Tostressthedifficultyoflandfill. B.Toindicatetheurgencyofreusing.C.Tosupportthethrowawayculture. D.Toshowtheinfluenceofrepaircafés.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“drudgery”inparagraph4mean?A.Specialnetwork. B.Weeklymeetings.C.Unpleasantwork. D.Interestinggames.15.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PlacestoMeetUpandDrinkB.RepairandShareEveryMonthC.RepairCafesContinuetheArtofMendingD.RepairCafesFixThingsIncludingtheEconomy【答案】12.B13.B14.C15.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了维修咖啡馆，顾客可以参与到物品修理过程中，从而达到环保和经济循环。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Arepaircaféisafreefacetofacemeetingofskilledvolunteersandlocalresidentswhowantthingsfixed.Visitorsbringbrokenitemsfromhomeandwatch,learnorhelpastherepairsgetdone.(维修咖啡馆是一个由技术熟练志愿者和希望解决问题的当地居民组成的免费面对面会议。游客从家里带来损坏的物品，观看、学习或帮助维修工作。)”可知，维修咖啡馆的游客会参与到修理过程。故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第四段“Lastyear,accordingtotheABS,Australianssentmorethanhalfamilliontonsofleathertolandfill—morethantentimestheamountthatwasreusedorrecycled.Mendingrepresentsanattempttoresistthethrowawayculture.(根据澳大利亚统计局的数据，去年澳大利亚人将50多万吨皮革送往垃圾填埋场，是重复使用或回收数量的十倍多。修补代表着一种抵制一次性文化的尝试。)”可推断，由于污染越来越严重，所以作者讨论了填埋表明了重复使用的紧迫性。故选B。【14题详解】词义猜测题。根据文章第四段划线词后半句“repaircaféscanbefunandcreative.(维修咖啡馆可以充满乐趣和创造性。)”可知，很多人认为修理是一件苦差事。所以drudgery为“苦差事”之意。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章倒数第二段““Inacirculareconomy,repaircafésfitrightin”,saystheorganiserMartine.Inrejectingbuyusethrow,thecirculareconomyaimstokeepresourcesmovingaroundintheeconomy,ratherthanmovingthemthroughittoadeadend,wheretheycannotbeputintovaluableuse.(“在循环经济中，维修咖啡馆非常适合”，组织者玛蒂娜、说。通过拒绝“买用扔”，循环经济的目的是让资源在经济中流动，而不是将它们推向死胡同，使它们无法得到有价值的利用。)”及全文可知，文章主要介绍了维修咖啡馆，顾客可以参与到物品修理过程中，从而达到环保和经济循环。所以“RepairCafesFixThingsIncludingtheEconomy(修理咖啡馆修理东西——包括经济)”作为文章标题最为合适。故选D。二、阅读七选五(本大题共5小题，共分)Thedirectionofourlivesisdeterminedbythechoiceswemakeeveryday.____16____.Choosetobreakabadhabit____17____,yourfriendsandfamilycanalwaystellyou.Thenmakeeveryefforttobreakthemandalwaysreplacethemwithnewpositiveones.ChoosetoworksmarterManypeoplefeelliketheirlivesareoutofbalanceandthattheydon’thaveenoughtimetodoeverythingtheywantto.Firstofall,youneedtobeawareofthetimethatyoumightbewastingbydoingactivitiesthatarenotcreatingresults.____18____,suchassettingupascheduleandstickingtoit,willmakeyourlifeflowbetter.ChoosetogiveyourworkasenseofpurposeHelpingandencouragingotherpeoplewillnotonlymakeyourlifebemoremeaningful,butitwillalsomakeyoumoremoney.Ifyouputyourheartandyoureffortsintohelpingothers,thenthefinancialpartoflifetakescareofitself.____19____.____20____Therearemanytakersinthisworld,butourliveswillbebetteraswebeegiversandservetheworldasgivers.Youwanttolearntobeeunselfishwithyourselfandlearntogiveyourtime,yourmoney,andofcourse,yourlove.ASpendyourtimehelpingothersgrowandyourfinanceswillgrowwithitB.Therefore,learningsomegoodtimemanagementtechniquesC.ToworkwithpurposesisagoodchoiceD.Ifyoudon’tknowwhatyourbadhabitsareE.ThefollowingchoiceswillcontributetopersonalsuccessF.ChoosetosowmorethanyouharvestG.Choosetoformgoodhabits【答案】16.E17.D18.B19.A20.F【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一些有助于获得成功的选择。【16题详解】此句所在位置应起到承上启下的作用。根据每段的小标题“Chooseto…”可知，下文主要介绍了一些重要的选择。E选项“Thefollowingchoiceswillcontributetopersonalsuccess(以下选择将有助于个人成功)”引出下文。故选E。【17题详解】根据小标题“Choosetobreakabadhabit(选择打破一个坏习惯)”可知，这一段会围绕着关键词“badhabit”展开论述。且因为空后的标点符号是逗号，此空应该填一个从句，D选项Ifyoudon’tknowwhatyourbadhabitsare(如果你不知道自己的坏习惯是什么)符合条件。故选D。【18题详解】分析句子结构，“________,suchassettingupascheduleandstickingtoit,willmakeyourlifeflowbetter.”这个句子中缺少主语成分。选项中B选项“learningsomegoodtimemanagementtechniques(学习一些好的时间管理技巧)”是一个动名词短语，可充当句子主语；且“settingupaschedule(设置计划)”属于时间管理技巧，语境相符。故选B。【19题详解】根据上文“Helpingandencouragingotherpeoplewillnotonlymakeyourlifebemoremeaningful,butitwillalsomakeyoumoremoney.(帮助并且鼓励别人不仅使你的生活更加有意义，而且也会使你赚更多的钱)”可知，帮助别人的同时，也可以挣更多的钱。A项“Spendyourtimehelpingothersgrowandyourfinanceswillgrowwithit(花时间帮助别人成长，那么你的收入也会随之增加)”与之呼应。故选A。【20题详解】此空所在位置应属于小标题。根据前三个小标题的特征，都是含有“chooseto…”的祈使句，所以只有F和G符合语境。根据下文“ourliveswillbebetteraswebeegiversandservetheworldasgivers.(当我们成为奉献者，并以奉献者的身份为世界服务时，我们的生活会变得更好。)”可知，我们应该多“给予”，而不是“索取”。F选项“Choosetosowmorethanyouharvest（选择播种而不是收获）”与语境相符。故选F。三、完形填空(本大题共20小题，共分)Everyyearabout40,000peopleattempttoclimbKilimanjaro,thehighestmountaininAfrica.They___21___withthemlotsofwaste.The___22___mightdamagethebeautyoftheplace.Theglaciers(冰川)aredisappearing,changingthe___23___ofKilimanjaro.Hearingthesestories,I’m___24___abouttheplace—otherdestinationsaredescribedas“purer”naturalexperiences.However,Isoon___25___thatmuchhaschangedsincethedaysofdisturbingreportsof___26___amongtonsofrubbish.Ifinda___27___mountain,withtoiletsatcampsandalongthepaths.Theenvironmentalchallengesare___28___buttheeffortsmadebytheTanzaniaNationalParkAuthorityseemtobe___29___.ThebestofaKilimanjaro____30____,inmyopinion,isn’treachingthetop.Mountainsare____31____asspiritualplacesbymanycultures.This____32____isespeciallyevidentonKilimanjaroas____33____gothroughfiveecosystems(生态系统)inthespaceofafewkilometers.Atthebaseisarainforest.Itendsabruptlyat3,000meters,____34____landsoflowgrowingplants.Furtherup,theweather____35____—lowcloudsenvelopethemountainsides,whicharecoveredwiththickgrass.I____36____twelveshadesofgreenfromwhereIstand.Above4,000metersisthehighland____37____:gravel(砾石),stonesandrocks.____38____youclimbintoanarcticlikezonewith____39____snowandtheglaciersthatmaysoondisappear.DoesKilimanjaro____40____itsreputationasacrowdedmountainwithlinesoftouristsruiningtheatmosphereofpeace?Ifoundtheoppositetobetrue.21.A.keep B.mix C.connect D.bring22.A.stories B.buildings C.crowds D.reporters23.A.position B.age C.face D.name24.A.silent B.skeptical C.serious D.crazy25.A.discover B.argue C.decide D.advocate26.A.equipment B.grass C.camps D.stones27.A.remote B.quiet C.tall D.clean28.A.new B.special C.significant D.necessary29.A.payingoff B.spreadingout C.blowingup D.fadingaway30.A.atmosphere B.experience C.experiment D.sight31.A.studied B.observed C.explored D.regarded32.A.view B.quality C.reason D.purpose33.A.scientists B.climbers C.locals D.officials34.A.holdingonto B.goingbackto C.livingupto D.givingwayto35.A.changes B.clears C.improves D.permits36.A.match B.imagine C.count D.add37.A.village B.desert C.road D.lake38.A.Obviously B.Easily C.Consequently D.Finally39.A.permanent B.little C.fresh D.artificial40.A.enjoy B.deserve C.save D.acquire【答案】21.D22.C23.C24.B25.A26.C27.D28.C29.A30.B31.D32.A33.B34.D35.A36.C37.B38.D39.A40.B【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。每年有4万登山者攀登非洲第一高峰乞力马扎罗山，他们带来了垃圾，破坏了这里的环境。再加上冰川的消失，改变着它的地貌。对此作者对这个地方很是怀疑，想一探究竟。当他来到这里，他发现当地环保措施很到位，同时作者发现乞力马扎罗山有多种生态系统。作者认为乞力马扎罗山不应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰。【21题详解】考查动词辨析。A.keep保持；B.mix混合；C.connect联系；D.bring带来。句意：他们带来了很多的垃圾。由“lotsofwaste”可知，登山者带来了很多的垃圾。故D选项切题。【22题详解】考查名词辨析。A.stories故事；B.buildings建筑物；C.crowds人群；D.reporters记者。句意：人群可能会破坏这个地方的美。由“40,000”可知，这是一个庞大的群体。故C选项切题。【23题详解】考查名词辨析。A.position位置；B.age年龄；C.face外貌，表面；D.name名字。句意：冰川正在消失，改变着乞力马扎罗山的地貌。冰川是乞力马扎罗山的地貌之一，所以冰山融化会改变它的地貌。故C选项切题。【24题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.silent沉默的；B.skepetical怀疑的；C.serious严肃的；D.crazy疯狂的。句意：听到这些故事，我对这个地方产生了怀疑——其他旅游地被描述为“更纯粹”的自然体验。由下文可知，作者亲自来到了乞力马扎罗山，作者想解开这个怀疑。故B选项切题。【25题详解】考查动词辨析。A.discover发现；B.argue争论；C.decide决定；D.advocate提倡。句意：然而，我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由“muchhaschanged”可知，作者发现了很大的变化。故A选项切题。【26题详解】考查名词辨析。A.equipment装备；B.grass草；C.camps营地；D.stone石头。句意：我很快发现，自从那些令人不安的关于营地周围有成吨的垃圾的报道出现以来，情况发生了很大的变化。由下文“atcamps”可知，本句属于原词再现。故C选项切题。【27题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.remote遥远的；B.quiet安静的；C.tall高的；D.clean干净的。句意：我发现了一座干净的山，营地里和路边都有厕所。由“withtoliletatcampsandalongthepaths”可知，营地里和路边都有厕所，所以这是一座干净的山。故D选项切题。【28题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.new新的；B.special特殊的；C.significant重大的；D.necessary必要的。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。根据前文可知，很多的登山者来到乞力马扎罗山以及冰川可能会消失，这对于环境来说是一个巨大的挑战。故C选项切题。【29题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.payingoff还清，报偿；B.spreadingout伸展；C.blowingup爆炸；D.fadingaway逐渐消退。句意：环境挑战是巨大的，但坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。由“but”可知，前后表示转折关系，说明坦桑尼亚国家公园管理局所做的努力似乎正在得到回报。故A选项切题。【30题详解】考查名词辨析。A.atmosphere氛围；B.experience经历；C.experiment实验；D.sight视力。句意：在我看来，来乞力马扎罗最好的经历并不是到达顶峰。登山就是人生的一种经历。故B选项切题。【31题详解】考查动词辨析。A.studied学习；B.observed观察；C.explored探索；D.regarded认为。句意：山被许多文化视为精神场所。由“spiritualspace”可知，山被许多文化视为精神场所。beregardedas被视为……。故D选项切题。【32题详解】考查名词辨析。A.view景色；B.quality质量；C.reason原因；D.purpose目的。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色差异尤为明显。有五个生态系统，所以景色也是明显的不同。故A选项切题。【33题详解】考查名词辨析。A.scientists科学家；B.climbers登山者；C.locals当地人；D.officials官员。句意：在乞力马扎罗，当登山者在几公里的空间里穿越五个生态系统时，景色尤为明显。故A选项切题。来到乞力马扎罗都是为了登山，也只有登山者能体验到五个生态系统。故B选项切题。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。A.holdingonto抓住；B.goingbackto回到（原来的话题）；C.livingupto达到，履行；D.givingwayto向……让步。句意：热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，让位于大片的低矮植物。这里指热带雨林在海拔3000米处突然到了尽头，所以海拔3000米以上就是大片的低矮植物。故D选项切题。【35题详解】考查动词辨析。A.changes改变；B.clears放晴；C.improves提高；D.permits允许。句意：再往上走，天气变了——低云笼罩着被厚厚的草覆盖的山腰。由“lowclouds”可知，海拔变了，天气也是不同的，是变化的。故A选项切题。【36题详解】考查动词辨析。A.match匹配；B.imagine想象；C.count数；D.add增加。句意：我从站的地方数出了十二种绿色。由“twelveshadesofgreen”可知，作者数出了十二种绿色。故C选项切题。【37题详解】考查名词辨析。A.village村庄；B.desert沙漠，荒地；C.road马路；D.lake湖。句意：海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠：砾石、石头和岩石。由“grave,stonesandrocks”可知，海拔4000米以上是高山荒漠。故B选项切题。【38题详解】考查副词辨析。A.Obviously明显地；B.Easily容易地；C.Consequently结果；D.Finally最后地。句意：海拔4000米以上是高地荒漠：砾石、石头和岩石。生态系统最顶端也是最后一个生态系统是冰川地区。故D选项切题。【39题详解】考查形容词辨析。A.permanent永久的；B.little小的；C.fresh新鲜的；D.artificial人造的。句意：很明显，你爬进了一个类似北极的地带，那里有着永久性的积雪和可能很快消失的冰川。由“arcticlikezone”可知，这是一个类似北极的地带，所以有永久性的积雪。故A选项切题。【40题详解】考查动词辨析。A.enjoy享受；B.deserve值得；C.save挽救；D.acquire获得。句意：乞力马扎罗山是一座拥挤的山，挤满了成群的游客，破坏了宁静的气氛，它值得这样的名声吗？这里作者在质疑乞力马扎罗山是不是应该被誉为一座挤满了破坏宁静氛围的游客的拥挤的山峰，以此在对后面的回答做好铺垫。故B选项切题。第II卷(非选择题)四、语法填空(本大题共1小题，共分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式答案写在答题卡上。AccordingtoanewreportbyIPCC(IntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange),thedeadlyheatwaves,floods____41____droughtsaredisturbingthe____42____(life)ofthousandsofpeoplefromtheAmericanWesttosouthernEuropeandcentralChina.Andtheywillbelikelyonlytoget____43____(bad)asglobaltemperaturescontinuetorise.“Sofar,allregionsoftheworld____44____(affect)bysomeextremes,”saysSoniaSeneviratne,anenvironmental____45____(science).“Wecanlinkextremeweathertoclimatechangein____46____samewaywecanlinkcancertosmoking,”saysFriederikeOtto,oneofthereport’sauthors.And,likesmoking,thedamageishard____47____(disappear),Ottosays.Themostimportantthing,expertssay,istomakesuretheseeventsdon’tgrowevenmoremonandintense____48____theyarenow.“Ifeel____49____(strong)thatthepublicneedstoknowthatdangerousclimatechangeishereandnow,”saysMichaelWehner,anextremeweatherresearcher.Tolimitglobalwarmingtojust2℃,Wehnersays,“It’smyfeelingthatwewouldhavetodosomethingratherextreme.”Somethingextreme,headds,meanspletely_____50_____(get)ridofconsumptionofcoal,oil,andnaturalgas.【答案】41.and42.lives43.worse44.havebeenaffected45.scientist46.the47.todisappear48.than49.strongly50.getting【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了目前自然灾害对人类的影响并分析其起因。【41题详解】考查连词。句意：根据政府气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)的一份新报告，从美国西部到欧洲南部和中国中部，致命的热浪、洪水和干旱正困扰着成千上万人的生活。前后都是自然灾难，是并列关系。故填and。【42题详解】考查名词的数。句意：根据政府气候变化专门委员会(IPCC)的一份新报告，从美国西部到欧洲南部和中国中部，致命的热浪、洪水和干旱正困扰着成千上万人的生活。名词life为可数名词，根据thousandsofpeople可知，用名词的复数形式。故填lives。【43题详解】考查比较级。句意：而且，随着全球气温的持续上升，情况可能只会变得更糟。分析句意可知，温度持续上升情况会更糟。getworse变得更糟。故填worse。【44题详解】考查时态。句意：“到目前为止，世界上所有地区都受到了一些极端天气的影响，”环境科学家索尼娅·塞内维拉特内(SoniaSeneviratne)说。根据句中的Sofar可知，这里应使用现在完成时，主语allregionsoftheworld与affect之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填havebeenaffected。【45题详解】考查名词。句意：“到目前为止，世界上所有地区都受到了一些极端天气的影响，”环境科学家索尼娅·塞内维拉特内说。形容词environmental后接名词形式，an表明用单数，故填scientist。【46题详解】考查冠词。句意：“我们可以把极端天气和气候变化联系起来，就像我们可以把癌症和吸烟联系起来一样，”该报告的作者之一弗里德里克·奥托说。固定短语inthesameway以相同的方式。故填the。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：奥托说，就像吸烟一样，这种损害很难消失。固定短语behardtodo很难做某事。故填todisappear。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：专家说，最重要的是确保这些事件不会变得比现在更加普遍和激烈。根据空格前的moremon可知，这里是比较级，所以用介词than。故填than。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：“我强烈认为，公众需要知道危险的气候变化就在眼前，”极端天气研究人员迈克尔·温纳说。动词feel后用副词修饰。故填strongly。【50题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他补充说，一些极端的东西意味着完全摆脱煤炭、石油和天然气的消费。固定短语meandoing意味做某事。故填getting。五、短文改错(本大题共1小题，共分)51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：(1)每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;(2)只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。LastweekItakepartintheCulturalExchangeWeekbutenjoyedmyselfinEngland.Ivisitedthecitymuseumandseveralplaceofinterest,whichmademehavebetterunderstandingoftheEnglishsociety,cultureandhistory.What’smore,IwasluckilyenoughtomeetmypenfriendTomthere.Istayedathishome.AndI’llneverforgetthedayswhenwespenttogether.WhenIleftEngland,heofferedtomeadictionaryasagift.It’sofgreathelpformetolearningEnglish.IwillmakefulluseofthemandlearnEnglishwell.IhopeTomwilletoChinawhenit’sconvenienceforhim!【答案