时态语态专题

中考英语八种时态精华归纳复习一、一般现在时:概念:经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。时间状语:often,usually,always,sometimes,everyweek(day,year,month...),onceaweek,onSundays,etc.基本结构:①be动词（am,is,are）;②行为动词（行为动词有两种形式，即：原形和第三人称单数。）Iamaworkerandyouareadoctor.Healwayshelpsothers.WehaveanEnglishlessoneveryday.否定形式:①am/is/are+not;②此时态的谓语动词若为行为动词,则在其前加don't,如主语为第三人称单数,则用doesn't,同时还原行为动词。一般疑问句:①把be动词放于句首;②用助动词do提问,如主语为第三人称单数,则用does,同时,还原行为动词。Sheenjoyslisteningtomusic.→Doessheenjoylisteningtomusic?二、一般过去时:概念:过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态;过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。时间状语:ago,yesterday,thedaybeforeyesterday,lastweek(year,night,month...),in1989,justnow,attheageof5,oneday,longlongago,onceuponatime,etc.基本结构:①be动词（过去式，was，were）;②行为动词（过去式，包括规则变化-ed和不规则变化）Jimwaslateforclassyesterday.IwenttotheparkwithmyfriendslastSunday.否定形式:①was/were+not;②在行为动词前加didn't,同时还原行为动词。Jimwasn’tlateforclassyesterday.Ididn’tgototheparkwithmyfriendslastSunday.一般疑问句:①was或were放在句首;②用助动词do的过去式did提问,同时还原行为动词。WasJimlateforclassyesterday?DidyougototheparkwithyourfriendslastSunday?三、现在进行时:概念:表示现阶段或说话时正在进行的动作及行为。时间状语:now,rightnow,atthistime,thesedays,atthemoment,etc.基本结构:am/is/are+doingSheiscleaningthetablerightnow.TheyarereadingEnglishatthemoment.否定形式:am/is/are+not+doingIamnotplayingthepiano.Theyareplayingcomputergames.一般疑问句:把be动词放在句首Areyouwritingalettertoyourfatheratthemoment.?四、过去进行时:概念:表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。时间状语:atthistimeyesterday,atthattime，ateightyesterday,thistimelastnight,thosedays,thewholenight,fromonetofiveyesterday或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。基本结构:was/were+doingIwaswatchingnewsatsevenyesterdayevening.否定形式:was/were+not+doingWewerenothavingmathsateightyesterdaymorning.Thestudentsweren’treadingEnglishwhentheteachercameintotheclassroom.一般疑问句:把was或were放在句首Theboyswereplayingbasketballwhenthebellrang.Weretheboysplayingbasketballwhenthebellrang?五、现在完成时:概念:过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,或从过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态。时间状语:already,yet,since,for,just,before,recently,lately,since...,for...,inthepastfewyears,etc.基本结构:have/has+done(即动词的过去分词)Ihavehadbreakfast.Hehasfinishedhishomework.否定形式:have/has+not+doneIhaven’tseenthemovie.Hehasn’tbeentoBeijing.一般疑问句:have/has放于句首Haveyoufinishedthework?Hasshearrivedhere?六、过去完成时:概念:以过去某一时间为标准,在此以前发生的动作或行为,或在过去某动作之前完成的行为,即“过去的过去”。时间状语:before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month...),或when,before,until,after等引导的过去时态的从句来表示，也可以通过上下文来表示。Before10:00,hehadfinishedhishomework.Whenhearrivedthestation,thetrainhadleft.过去的动作，在arrived之前离开也就是过去的过去基本结构:had+doneWhenIwokeup,ithadstoppedraining.否定形式:had+not+doneShehadn’tfinishedwritingthecompositionby10:00thismorning.一般疑问句:had放于句首Hadshefinishedwritingthecompositionby10:00thismorning?七、一般将来时:概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。时间状语:tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year....),soon,inafewminutes,by...,thedayaftertomorrow,etc.基本结构:①am/is/are/goingto+do;②will/shall+doWeshallhaveameetingtomorrow.Itisgoingtorain.否定形式:①am/is/are+not+goingto+do;②will/shall+not+doShewon’twritealettertoyounextweek.Sheisnotgoingtovisitmenextweek.一般疑问句:①be放于句首;②will/shall提到句首Willhecomebackin15minutes?IsshegoingtovisittheGreatWall?八、过去将来时:概念:立足于过去某一时刻,从过去看将来,常用于宾语从句中。时间状语:thenextday(morning,year...),thefollowingmonth(week...),etc.基本结构:①was/were/goingto+do;②would/should+doHesaidhewouldspeakatthemeeting.Weweregoingtoclimbthehillthenextday.否定形式:①was/were/not+goingto+do;②would/should+not+doWeweren’tgoingtoclimbthehillthenextday.HesaidIwouldnotbelateforclassagain.一般疑问句:①was或were放于句首;②would/should提到句首中考英语语态分析与归纳所谓语态，就是说明主语和谓语之间关系的一种动词形式。分两种形式：主动语态：句中的主语是动作的执行者或发出者。被动语态：句中的主语是动作的承受者或接受者。我们重点学习被动语态。•实际上,英语中的被动式就相当于汉语表达中的”把字句和被字句”.即:”把－－－怎样“；”－－被怎样”．初中阶段我们学习了七被动式结构，归纳如下：1..一般现在时的被动式：•

结构：am/is/are+Ved(过去分词）•

Mybrotherasksmetocleanthewindows.

(主动句句式)•

步骤：•

１）．找到主动句中的宾语，如果有双宾语（间宾／直宾），把间宾作为被动句中的主语．•

２）．确定主动句中的动词时态．•

３）．对应变换为被动结构．•

４）．有时，主动句中的主语在被动式中可省略．•

被动式：Iamaskedtocleanthewindowsby（mybrother）.现在完成式的被动式：•

结构：主语＋have/has+been+Ved.•

Wehavefinishedourhomeworkalready.•

改：Ourhomeworkhasbeenfinishedalready(byus)2..现在进行时的被动式：•

结构：am/is/are+beingVed•

Look,thestudentsareplayingbasketballintheopenair.•

Basketballisbeingplayedbythestudentsintheopenair.

过去式的被动结构：3.一般过去时的被动式：•

结构：was/were+Ved•

例句：•

Wecookedthelunchanhourago.•

改：Thelunchwascooked(byus)anhourago.•

Wedidn’tmakethemodelplane.•

Themodelplanewasn’tmadebyus.4.过去进行时的被动式：•

结构：was/were+being+Ved•

例句：•

HewaswatchingTVwhenIcalledhimlastnight.•

TVwasbeingwatchedbyhimwhenIcalledhimlastnight.5.过去完成式的被动式：•

结构：had+been+Ved•

Bytheendoflastterm,wehadlearnedabouteighthundredEnglishwords.•

AbouteighthundredEnglishwordshadbeenlearnedbyus,bytheendoflastterm.6.一般将来时的被动式：•

结构：will/begoingto+beVed•

Mr.Johnwill

completetheprojecttomorrow.•

Theprojectwillbecompletedtomorrow.7.含有情态动词的被动式：•

结构:ModalVerb+be+Ved•

1.should+be+Ved“---应该被做”•

2.must+be+Ved“---必须被做”•

3.might+be+Ved“---可能被做”•

4.can/could+be+Ved“---能被做

”特别提醒：１．谓语是由动词短语构成的，变被动语态时，不能把它们分开。Thebabyistakengoodcareofbyhisgrandma.Takecareof是一个完整的动词短语，不能分开。２．意思是“发生”的动词：happen/takeplace.不能变成被动语态。Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfewyears.3.只有及物动词才能变成被动式。语态中考连接：１）Whenandwheretogofortheholiday______yet.(2003呼和浩特)A.arenotdecided

B.havenotbeendecidedC.isnotbeingdecided

D.hasnotbeendecided２）---Alice,you_____________onthephone.

(2003

杭州)

---I’mcoming.Thanks.

A.want

B.arewanted

C.arewanting

D.havewanted３）Anewshoefactorywill_________inthispartofthecity.(2003武汉)A.bebuilding

B.bebuilt

C.build

４）Thetreesmust___________threetimesaweek.(2003长沙)A.water

B.iswatering

C.bewatered

D.waters５）---Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?(2003安徽)

---well,it’ssurprising.Thestrongestteamofourschool________.A.wasbeaten

B.won

C.scored

D.wasfailed

初中时态语态精练

(

)1.Don’tmakesomuchnoise.We_______tothemusic.

A.listened

B.listen

C.arelistening

D.havelistened(

)2.ImustreturnthecameratoLiLei.I_______itfortwoweeks.A.keep

B.borrowed

C.havekept

D.havelent(

)3.–Whenwillyoutellhimthegoodnews?

（一般现在时）

--Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashe_______back.A.comes

B.came

C.willcome

D.iscoming(

)4.–Dad,pleaseopenthedoor,it_______.

–OK,dear.I’mcoming.

A.locks

B.locked

C.islocked

D.waslocked(

)5.–DidyougotoJim’sbirthdayparty?

--No,I_______.

A.amnotinvited

B.wasn’tinvited

C.haven’tinvited

D.didn’tinvite(

)6.AtalkonChinesehistory_______intheschoolhallnextweek.A.begiven

B.hasbeengiven

C.willbegiven

D.willgive(

)7.Youmaygofishingifyourwork_______.

A.isdone

B.willbedone

C.hasdone

D.havedone(

)8.–Whatdoyouthinkofthefootballmatchyesterday?

--Well.It’ssurprising.Thestrongestteamofourschool_______.

A.wasbeaten

B.won

C.scored

D.wasfailed(

)9.–WouldyouryoungerbrothergoforapicnicthisSunday?--IfIdon’tgo,_______.

A.sodoeshe

B.sohewill

C.neitherwillhe

D.neitherdoeshe

(

)10.Thetreesmust_______threetimesaweek.A.water

B.iswatering

C.bewatered

D.waters(

)11.–DidyouseeTomattheparty?

--No,he_______bythetimeIgotthere.

A.left

B.wasleaving

C.hadleft

D.hasleft(

)12.–Whynotgotoseethedolphinshowwithme?

--Because

I______it.A.saw

B.willsee

C.see

D.haveseen(

)13.–DoyoulikewatchingcookingprogramsonTV?

--No,Idon’t,butmytwinbrother_______.He’sveryfondofcooking.A.does

B.do

C.is

D.are(

)14.Catherin_______theletterbeforehermothercameintoherbedroom.

A.haswritten

B.waswritten

C.hadwritten

D.iswriting(

)15.Theoldmanisquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe_______.A.musttakecareof

B.mustbetakecareofC.mustlookafter

D.mustbelookedafter(

)16.Theticketisonthefloor.Wouldyouplease_______forme?A.pickitup

B.pickupit

C.pickupthem

D.pickthemup

(

)17.He_______livinginthecountrytothecity.A.likes

B.prefers

C.enjoys

D.loves(

)18.Howlonghaveyou_______thebook?A.bought

B.lent

C.had

D.borrowed(

)19.–Doyouknowhimwell?

--Sure.We_______friendsincetenyearsago.A.were

B.havebeen

C.havebecome

D.havemade(

)20._______mecarefully,boysandgirls.Canyou_______me?A.Listento;hear

B.Hear;listento

C.Hear;hear

D.Listento;hearfrom

(

)21.–ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.

–Really?When______there?

A.willtheygo

B.didtheygo

C.dotheygo

D.havetheygone

(

)22.I’msorryIhaven’tgotanymoney.I_______myhandbagathome.

A.havemissed

B.haveleft

C.haveput

D.haveforgotten(

)23.–WhereisMissGao.Lily?

--She_______totheteachers’.A.hasbeen

B.hasgone

C.went

D.wouldgo

(

)24.Whenherfathercamebackhome,Joan_______withherfriend.

A.talked

B.talks

C.istalking

D.wastalking(

)25.–What’sthatthingwiththreelegs?--It’sacup.It______fordrinkingintheolddays.

A.uses

B.used

C.isused

D.wasused

(

)26.Hisuncle_______inthreedays.

A.returns

B.hasreturned

C.returned

D.willreturn(

)27.–Hi,LinTao.Ididn’tseeyouattheparty.--Oh,I_______readyforthemathsexam.A.amgetting

B.wasgetting

C.got

D.havegot(

)28.–Excuseme.Whatdidyousayyouwouldliketodo,MissWhite?

--IsaidI’dbettergobacktotheoffice.I_______somethingthisafternoon.

A.wouldmeet

B.meet

C.amgoingtomeet

D.wasmeeting(

)29.What_______theforestinourcountryinthelasttenyears.A.hashappeneddoB.ishappenedto

C.hashappenedat

D.ishappening(

)30.–WhatdidMrJonesdobeforehemovedhere?--He_______acitybusforovertwenty-fiveyears.A.isdriving

B.drove

C.hasdriven

D.drives(

)31.–When_______you_______yourhomework?--Ihadfinisheditbeforehe_______back.A.have;finished;came

B.have;finished;wascomingC.did;finish;came

D.did;finish;wascoming(

)32.Look!Theboys_______happilyintheriver.

A.swim

B.swam

C.willswim

D.areswimming

(

)33.Everyspring,manytrees_______alongtheriver.

A.wereplanted

B.isplanted

C.willbeplanted

D.areplanted(

)34.Theletter_______inFrench.Ican’treadit.A.iswriting

B.iswritten

C.wrote

D.writes(

)35.IfMary_______nextSunday,wewillgoboatingtogether.

A.willcome

B.comes

C.shallcome

D.shouldcome(

)36.WeexpectedthattheEnglishteacher_______someadviceonhowtowriteanEnglishletter.

A.willgive

B.gave

C.isgoingtogive

D.wouldgive(

)37.Fiveyearsagonobodyknewhim,althoughhe_______morethan100songs.A.alreadywrote

B.havealreadywrittenC.hadalreadywritten

D.wasalreadywriting(

)38.SofarI_______anysuccess.However,I’llkeeptrying.A.don’thave

B.didn’thave

C.haven’thad

D.won’thave(

)39.ItwasthethirdtimethatI_______inathisoffice.

A.havedropped

B.haddropped

C.dropped

D.wasdropping(

)40.IoftenseeTom_______homeworkwhileIamwatchingTVeveryevening.

A.do

B.doing

C.did

D.todo(

)41.Theflowerswant_______.Look,thesoilissodry.

A.wateringB.beingwatered

C.towater

D.waters(

)42.–Becareful!Youmightfa