北京市延庆区2022-2023学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题及答案

北京市延庆区2022—2023学年第一学期期末试卷高一英语2023.1本试卷共9页，三大部分（共100分，考试时间90分钟。第一部分知识运用（共三节，43分）第一节选词填空（共12小题；1-6每小题1分7-12每小题2分，共18分）阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词组填空,不用改变形式。suferfromincasegatheraroundgraduatefromduetotendtoFamiliesinChinausually________onthisdaytocelebratethefestival.Alotofstudents________examnerves.omen________livelongerthanmen.IhopethatIcangetasatisfyingjobwithagoodsalaryafterI________college.Pleaseremindmeofmypromise________Ifoget.Theflighthasbeendelayedonehour________theheavysno.阅读下面句子，根据句意，从方框中选择恰当的词组并用其正确形式填空。beresponsibleforgetaheadtakeadvantageofbefedupwithscareawaycatchoneseyeHe________allhissparetimetostudyEnglishinthepastfewyears.________inEnglish,hekeptonpracticingspeakingEnglish.ThemonsterNian________whenpeopleletoffireworks.Thedriver________theaccident,andhepaidforthedamage.1.MostInternetusers________advertising.12.fthemuseum.第二节（共10小题；每小题1分，共10分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空请在答题卡指定区域作答。高一英语第1页共9页APauljumpedupand13________(rush)ontothecourt.Andclearlyalltheextrahoursthathehadspentpractisingalonepaidof.Theotherteamjustcouldn'tkeepupwithhisenegyandspeed.Hemadeshotaftershotandthecrowdcouldn'tstopclappingand14________(cheer).Whenthegameended,ourteam15________(win)bytwopoints.ell,saidthecoachashehitPaulontheshoulde,you'vejustearnedyourplaceontheteam,bigguy!”BAfewweeksafterthatChristmas,Grannypassedawa.Ithinkofheroftenthough,16________(especial)ofChristmas.Eachyea,Itakeoutthemusicboxshegaveme.erhatandthelettershehelpedmewritethatChristmas.Mumgavetheletterback17________mesomeyearsagowhenInolongerbelievedinFatherChristmas.WhenIthinkabout18________makesChristmassomagical,it'snotjustgiftsandFatherChristmasthatcometomind.It'salsomymemoryofGrann.NowI'mtheonewhomakessugar19________(biscuit)eachea,andIalwaysmakeoneinaG-shape—GforGrann.CTheG20summitisanannualgatheringoftheleadersoftheworld's20_________(lage)andfastest-growingeconomies,21__________represent60percentoftheworldpopulation,80percentofglobalGDPand75percentofglobalexports.Thesummitisthelagestgatheringofleaderssince2019.RussianPresidentVladimirPutinistheonlyG20leaderwhohasntpresented22_________(he).第三节完形填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读面文掌其意，每所A、C、D四选中出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。I'mnotsomeonewholikestoplaygames.ButlastApril,IheardsomeofmyclassmatestalkingabouttheRubik'sCube（魔方）.Isawafriendsolvethispuzzlevery23______,whichreallysurprisedme.BeforeIhadevenmademyfirst24______,hehadalignedallthecolors.Atthetime,Ithoughtmyclassmatemustbeusingsome25______technique.AthomeIsearchedonlinefor26______.IfoundoutaboutanAustralianteenagerbyhisskill,IbegantostudytheRubiksCubemyself.ithoutateachertohelpme,itwasabigchallenge.ThefirstthingIdidwastoouttobeaninefectivewayofsolvingtheproblem.高一英语第2页共9页Ibegantotakeanotherapproachtothecube,called"musclememory.Itdependsonpracticingaspecificmechanicalmovementintomemorythrough30______.Astimewenton,Ibecamemoreandmoreskillful.Meanwhile,Ifoundthatitwasa31______waytoimprovemylogicalskillsandmemor.I’msogladthatIwas32______totheRubik'sCube.Allinall,totakeonanewthingisalwaysagoodidea,awayintoanewworld.A.luckilyB.quicklyC.clearlyD.normallyA.moveB.decisionC.choiceD.wayA.realisticB.traditionalC.fantasticD.popularA.picturesB.wordsC.articleD.adviceA.stopB.destroyC.chooseD.completeA.writeB.checkC.correctD.memorizeA.ThereforeB.MeanwhileC.HoweverD.BesidesA.preparationB.repetitionC.questionD.oganizationA.pleasantB.cleverC.simpleD.usefulA.usedB.introducedC.addictedD.recommended第二部分阅读理解（共两节，34分）第一节（共12小题；每小题2分，共24分）阅读列文从题给的、、CD个中，出佳项并题纸上将该项涂黑。AMagaretAnnBulkleywasbornaround1789,inIreland.Shehadbigdreams.“Iwantor!”Buttwohundredyearsagoagirlcouldntbecomeadocto.Heruncle,arr,wasagreatpainte.AndhisfriendGeneralMirandahadalibrarywithmorehim.earslate,heruncleJamesBarrydied,leavinghersomemone.Itwasenoughtostudytobeadocto.“Butagirlcantbecomeadocto,”saidMagaretsadl.“es,youcan!”saidGeneralMiranda.“Allyouhavetodoistodisguiseasabo.”Magaretreallywantedtobeadocto.Soshecutofherlonghai,practicedspeakinginadeepvoice,andputonboysclothes.ShealsonamedherselfJamesBarr.Fromthenon,MagaretAnnBulkleydisappeared.ShebecameJamesBarryandenteredEdinbughUniversit.Hetook13subjectsandworkedallthroughthesummerwhentheotherstudentswentonholida.高一英语第3页共9页Barrygraduatedin1812anddecidedtojointheBritishArm.Inhislife,D.Jameshelpingtosavemanylives.Beforeretirement,BarryhadrisentothesecondhighestmedicaloficerintheBritishArm.Barryimprovedtheconditionsfornotonlywoundedsoldiersbutalsothelocalpeople,andperformedthefirstrecordedsuccessfulcaesareansection()inAfrica.ThesecretD.JamesBarrykeptforoverfiftyyearswasonlyknownafterhisdeathin1865.33．WhatleftadeepimpressiononGeneralMiranda?A．Magaretsintelligence.B．Magaretsloveforpainting.C．Magaretsdream.D．Magaretsloveforreading.34．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“disguise”inparagraph2mean?A．Changeonesclothes.B．Dresslikeadocto.C．Dresslikeagentleman.D．Changeonesappearance.35．WhichwasD.JamesBarrysachievementinherjob?A．BecomingthehighestoficerintheBritishArm.B．Improvingmedicalconditionsforthewoundedsoldiers.C．Graduatingfromthemostfamousmedicaluniversit.D．Doingtheworldsfirstrecordedcaesareansectionsuccessfull.36．WhatwasthesecretD.JamesBarrykeptforoverfiftyyears?A．JamesBarryleftmuchmone.B．Magaretdiedinhertwenties.C．D.JamesBarrywasawoman.D．GeneralMirandahelpedMagaretalot.BDoDogsDream?Unlikecartoonimages,realdogsdontspeakanddescribetheirsleep.Soyoumaywonder:dodogsdreamliketheirowners?AscientificresearchconductedatMITfoundthatduringsleep,brainsofhumansanddogsfunctioninasimilarmanne.Whenyouoryourdogfirstfallsasleep,youexperienceSWS—slowwavesleep—whenthebrainwavesareslowbutmusclesarestillactive.Late,dREMsleep—rapideyemovementssleep.saremorerelaxedbutthemindismoreactive.Itwasprovedthatanddogsexperiencethesetwostagesofthesleepcycle.Sinceweknowthathumansdream,itissafetoconcludethatdogsdreamtoo.Scientistsfoundthatasadogfallsasleep,hisbreathingbecomesdeeperandmoreregula.Afterabout20minutesinREMsleep,dreamsusuallybeginforaveragedogs.breathingmaybecomeshallowandirregula,andhiseyesmovesedlids(眼睑)asifthedogislookingatsomething.Bycomparingbrainwavepatterns,researcherssuggestedthatduringREM,dogsarevisualizing()dreamimagesmuchlikehumansdoduringthisstageofsleep.Besides,itsalsofoundthatduringREM,thesleepingbrainfunctionsmuchlikeitdoeswhenawake,sobothmananddogsdreamaboutthingsthathappenduringtheirdayisprocessedatnightandmayberelivedindreams.Soourdogmay“sleeprun”asherunsafteracatorfetchesaball.iesalsoshowthatsomedogsdreammorethanothers,andthefrequencyandlengthofdreamsarediferentaccordingtotheageandsizesofdogs.oungpuppiesusuallyexperiencemoredreamsthanadultdogs.Onepossiblereasonisthatpuppiesacquirehugeamountsofnewinformationdailyandhavemuchtoprocessatnight.Amongerdogsseemtohavemoredreamsthantheirbiggerfriends,butmlengthandfrequencyarealsorelatedtotheamountofthathasanactivedayoutsidemaysleepmoresoundlythanusualandexperiencelongerperiodsofREMsleep,givinghimmoretimetodream.WhathappenstodogsduringREMsleep?A.Theirdreamstakeplace.B.Theirbrainwavesareslo.C.Theirmusclesstayactive.D.Theirmindismorerelaxed.Whiledreaming,thedog___________________.A.breathesregularlyB.visualizesimagesC.opensthelidsD.gathersinformationWhatdoestheunderlinedword“relived”probablymean?A.Removed.B.Repaired.C.Reviewed.D.Reduced.Whatisthelastparagraphmainlyabout?Whydogsdreamlikehumans.Whatbiggerdogsdreamabout.Whyyoungpuppieshavemoredreams.Whatcausesthediferencesofdogs’dreams.CWhatexactlyisintelligence?Therearentanyeasyanswers.Despitetheprogressthathasbeenmadeingeneticsandpscholog,humanintelligencehasremainedoneofthescience,untilno,thatis,forthediscoveryofagene(基因)linkedtointelligencehasmadetheexpertsthinkagain.rtPlominoftheInstituteofPschiatryinLondonandhiscolleaguesintheUShavebeenlookingintogeneticmake-up.Fromtheirresearch,theyhavediscoveredthataslightlydiferentgeneismorecommoninthosewithahighIQ.PlominanalyzedDNAfromtwogroupsof51childrenagedbetween6and15.WhathefoundwasthatthefirstanIQof136,puttingtheminthetop5%ofthepopulation,whiletheothergroup高一英语第5页共9页hadanaverageIQof103.Ananalysisoftheirgenesshowedthat32%ofchildreninthehighergrouphadthegeneinquestion,whileonly16%inthesecondgroupdid.Howeve,thereisalotmoreresearchtobedone,andPlominhimselfiscautiousatthisearlystage.Hesuggeststhatthereareprobablymanygenesthatcontributetointelligence,ratherthanjustone.ieshaveshownastronglinkbetweenIQandcareersuccess,althoughis.ProfessorMichaelRowe,whohaswrittenabookcalledGeniusExplained,isoneofthese.ThepeoplewiththehighestIQsarenotusuallytheoneswhodobestintheircareers.”hologistsnowbelievethatwhenitcomestointelligence,IQisn’teverything.Manyalternativeviewshavebeenputforwardrecentl.Oneexampleistheideaofmultipleintelligences,whichwasdevelopedinthe1980sbyHarvardpschologistHowardGardne.ThisofersamuchbroaderviewthantheIQtheor,includingcreativityandcommunicationskillsasrelevantfactorsinintelligence.expertandauthorofMasteryourMemor,isinterestedinthisbelief,aguingthattruegeniusesdoindeedappeartocombinehighlevelsofeachtypeofintelligence.HelistsAlexandertheGreat,PabloPicassoandAlbertEinsteinasexamples.Atthesametime,Buzanbelievesthateveryonecandeveloptheirintelligence,onlyiftheytakethetroubletoexercisetheirbrain.Perhapsthereshopeforusall!Whatisthetopicofthepassage?Therelationshipbetweengenesandintelligence.IQbenefitsalotfromhighintelligence.Whatmakesintelligence.Howtodevelopintelligence.WhydoestheauthorusedatainParagraph2?A.omakeasuggestion.B.odrawaconclusion.C.ogiveanexample.D.oproveanidea.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?RobertPlomindiscoversgeneshavesomethingincommon.HowardGardnerthinksintelligenceincludesvariousfactors.MichaelRoweagreestoastronglinkbetweenIQandcaree.onyBuzanagreesgeniusesexercisebraintoimproveintelligence.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“This”inParagraph4referto?Theideaofmultipleintelligences.Thedevelopmentofintelligence.IQisnteverythingforintelligence.Alternativeviewshavebeenputforward.高一英语第6页共9页第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）容从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。ThedinnerpartyisdisappearingaccordingtoanarticleinTheNewYorkTimes.Howcanthisbe?Youmightwonder.Dontwemeetwithfriendstotastefoodinthehottestrestaurants?Arentweinvitedbyfriendstoenjoyhome-cookedmeals?Andwethrowpartiesforfriendsonspecialoccasions,don’twe?45reformalandusuallyhostedinone’shome.Invitationsaresentpreparefoodwithgreatcare.Abeautifultableclothisspreadoutonthedinnertable,whichisthensetwithexpensivecutlery(餐具).Guestsdressupfortheoccasionandareexpectedtocarryonaconversationatthetable.46themtothetable?therearemanyfoodloversnowadays,andTVprogramsteachingpeopleareverypopular.47AccordingtoJudithMartin,aUSwriter,peoplevebeenbroughtuptoexpressthemselvesratherthantoexchangeideas.Theydon’tsharetheirexperiencesandfeelingswithothersinaproperway.48Inheropinion,itsinfluencehasbeenharmfultohumancommunication.Peopledontminute,theydoitbytextmessage.”ingshavechangedalottoday.Perhapsthedinnerpartyhasjustbecomeantkindofthing.However,itneedsonlybemorethansomefood,atableandaifweareusingordinaryplatesandarenotwearingpartydresses,wecanstillenjoyfoodandshareourideasoflife,loveandculture,can’twe?Theageofgreathostsisdeadwiththechangeofpeople’slifestyles.Infactthedinnerpartythewriterworriesaboutdisappearingisanotherkind.Therealproblemisthatpeopledon’tknowhowtomakeconversationanymore.Theyknowexactlywhichgueststoinvitesothattheycansharetheirfavouritefood.Thecultureofthedinnerpartyisnotnecessarilybasedonmoneyandsocialinfluence.Yetnowadays,peopleprefertoeattakeoutfoodonsofawhileplayingonmobilephones.Shealsoexpressesdissatisfactionwithelectronicequipment.第三部分书面表达（共两节，23分）第一节阅读回答问题（共4小题；每小题2分，共8分）高一英语第7页共9页anHanson,acollegejunio,expectstograduateinabouttwoyears.Mrs.Hanson,aratherunusualstudent,planstogoontotakemorecoursesaftershegetsherdegree.WhatmakesMrs.Hansondiferentfrommostofherclassmates?anHansonapartfromthecollegecrowdisherage-73years.Shehasbeengoingtocollege,afewcoursesatatime,for27years.graduatedfromhighschool,shewenttoherlocalbankandaskedforaloanforcollegetuitionandfees.Thebankergavehernoencouragement.Hedidntthinkthatacountrygirlshouldbeborrowingmoneytogotocollege.Hethoughtsheshouldbehomedoingworkinthehouseoraroundthefarm.SoMrs.Hansonwenthomeandraisedafamilyofninechildreninsteadofgoingtocollege.Shestillliveswithherhusbandonthefarmthathasbeeninthefamilyforfivegenerations.nneverfogotherdreamofgettingahighereducation.Whenherchildrenweregrownup,shetriedagain.Shefindsthehardestpartofgoingbacktoschoolatheragetobesittinginclassforlongperiodsoftime.Becausesheisnotabletomoveasquicklyandeasilyassheusedtoeepfromgettingrigid.Atthebeginningofacourseinusingthecompute,theotherstudentsallstooduptogiveMrs.Hansonbigapplausewhensheintroducedherselfandexplainedwhyshewasthereandwhathergoalswere.WhatmakesLillianHansondiferentfrommostofherclassmates?(不多于2个单词)___________________________________________________________于6___________________________________________________________WhatisMrs.Hansonsdream?(不多于4个单词)___________________________________________________________pa于8____