美国20世纪60年代课件

SocialMovement

ofthe1960sMadebyLiuChang,English0801,No.09美国20世纪60年代TheIntroduction美国20世纪60年代"Weshallovercome."—thecivilrightsmovement"Hell,no,wewon'tgo."

—theanti-warmovement"Speakyourheartwithoutinterruption."—thewomen'sliberationmovement"Letitallhangout."—theyouthmovement美国20世纪60年代HistoricalBackground美国20世纪60年代theconciousnessofdifferentAmericansAfro-Americans:TheyhadatasteoflifeoutsidethesouthsothattheyknowthatlifeinthesegregatedsouthwasnottheAmericanwayoflife.Women:DuringWWII,womenhadtheopportunitytoworkinresponsiblejobsforgoodpays,buttheydon'thavetheminthe1960s.Youth:TheyresentedtraditionalwhitemalevaluesinUSsociety.美国20世纪60年代theVietnamWar

Manypeoplethoughtitwaswrong,anddidn'twanttojoinit.美国20世纪60年代SocialMovements美国20世纪60年代thesocialmovements'membersthecivilrightmovement:malenegroleaders,blackandwhiteyoungpeople,whiteprofessionalmenandwomen,somehousewives；theyouthmovement:youngpeople,manymiddleclasswhitepeople;thewomen'smovement:professionals,educatedwomenofcolour,youngormiddle-agedwhitehousewiviesandmothers,youngactivists.美国20世纪60年代definitionpeopleworktogetherchangegovernmentpoliciesandsociety.characteristicsstructureandspontaneity美国20世纪60年代elementssocialbaseofpeople→organizationamessageorideologythatnamesaproblemandshowshowtosolveit→ideatheabilitytospreadtheideaandgetmoresupporters→collectiveactions美国20世纪60年代specificationthecivilrightsmovementtheyouthmovementtheanti-warmovementthewomen'smovement美国20世纪60年代theCivilRightMovementBeginingEvent:In1955,RosaParksrefusedtogiveherseattoawhitemaninabus,soshewasarrested.ThenblackpeopleinMontgometry,Alabamaspontaneouslybegantoboycottthebussystem,refusingtorideonthebus.Therefore,segregationwasbreakingdowninthe1960s.美国20世纪60年代Organization:SNCC:theStudentNon-violentCorodinatingCommittee,bystudents,acollectiveleadershipCORE:theCongressofRacialEquality,byJamesFarmerSCLC:theSouthernChristianLeadershipConference,byEllaBaker,in1957——thenon-violentprophaseDeaconsforDefenseofJusticetheBlackPantherPartyforSelf-Defense,byStokeleyCarmichael——thedefensiveanaphase美国20世纪60年代DirectActionTactics:Sit-insFreedom-RidesVoter-registrationDemonstrationinWashington,D.C.(whenMartinLutherKing·Jr.gavehisspeech"IHaveaDream”）—thenon-violentactiontacticsWattsRiots,in1964summeraMarchagainstFear,in1960

—thedefensiveactiontactics美国20世纪60年代theYouthMovementHistoricalBackground:Thecivilrightsmovementinstilledthemwiththebeliefinlibertyandrebellioninattitude.Theyouthwhotookpartinthecivilrighsmovementhadseenthegovernmentdegravinginprotectingpeople'srightssothattheylosttherespectfortheauthority.美国20世纪60年代BeginngEvent:FreedomSpeechMovement

InOctomber1964,aCOREorganiserdistributedinformationandcollectedmoneyatthecampusoftheUniversityatBerkeley.Theuniversitypolicechiefanddeanscametostophim,andfinallywouldarresthim.Thenalargecrowdofstudentsspontaneouslysurroundedthecarandprotestedsothat800studentswerearrested.However,theuniversitywasclosedandtheteachersvotedtochangetheschoolrules.Themovementwasendedwithstudents'success.美国20世纪60年代Parts:Counterculture:Hippies/lovegeneration

DroppingoutAnti-warMovement:organizations:MCEWV(MobilizationCommitteestothewarinVietnam);churchgroups;SNCC;SDS(StudentsforaDemocraticSociety)directactionstrategies:teach-ins;protestmarchesandrallies;attacksonfederalofficestodestroydraftrecordsbyradicalanti-wargroups.美国20世纪60年代

theWomen'sMovement

Groups:professionalwomenappointedtoaCommissionontheStatusofWomenwhitehousewiviesandmothers(MostofthemwereinfluencedbythebooktheFeminineMystique,in1963,byBettyFriedan)youngactivistsintheCivilRightsmovementandanti-warmovement美国20世纪60年代Accidents:In1964,awordintheCivilRightsAct,whichmadethediscriminationinemploymentonraceorsexillegal.In1966,theNationalOrganizationforWomen(NOW)wasformed.美国20世纪60年代FiguresandEvents美国20世纪60年代MartinLutherKing·JrHewasthefamousleaderofthecivilrightsmovementforblackpeopleandhewaswellknownwithhisspeech"IHaveaDream".Asanadvocateofthe"non-violentfight",hewasrewardedtheNobelPeacePrizein1964.HewasassassinatedbytheracistinJune,1968,andthisdaywasnamed"theDayofMartinLutherKing"afterwardsandcelebratedintheU.S.美国20世纪60年代AllenGinsbergHewasfamousforhispoetryHowlwhicheuloqizedthesexenergyperformance.Asatypicalfigureforthecounterculture,headvocatedtheanti-waraction,thefreedomofsex,thedrugexperience,andtheorientalreligionaswellasthefightagainstthebureaucracy.美国20世纪60年代JohnFitzgeraldKennedyHisreignstartedinJanuary,1961,anditwasendedinNovember,1963w