考研《英语一》辽宁省本溪市平山区2023年巅峰冲刺试卷含解析

考研《英语一》辽宁省本溪市平山区2023年巅峰冲刺试卷SectionIUseofEnglishDirections:Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,CorDontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)Ijusthadtwolovelyconversationswithmylong-termfriends.First,Iwaspleasedtohavean1meetingwithBryan.He’sCEOofagovernmentagencyandoneofthefirstpeopleI2whenImovedtoMedicineHat.I3toworkthatmorningeighteenyearsagoandhequicklybeganintroducingmetootheremployees.His4wasappreciatedandwebeganaclosefriendshiprightthenashegavemeacomfortable5inmynewworkplace.OverthenextfewyearsBryanwould6meattheoffice.Thereweremanytimeswhenwe7together.Wedidn’tseeeachothervery8afterImovedonwithothercareerpaths.Latethisafternoon,weunexpectedlymetatastoreandstoodinthecoldbesideour9intheparkinglotforanhour.We10memoriesandinspiredeachotherwithtalesofourexperiences.OnedayIsawthelightonmyphoneflashingandthensawthe11messageleftformebyanother12Chris,whohasbeeninmylifesince1973.He’sreturnedtoretireand13inhishometownofWhitewood,wherewefirstmet.14nothavinglivedinthesametownorcitysincethen,we’veheldeachotherinour15forthepastfourdecades.Evenwhenwe’reall16anddon’tmakecontactwitheachotherformonths,italwaysfeelsliketimehasn’tpassedsinceourlast17.Weunderstandandcareabouteachotherandthat’sallthat18.Mostdictionaries19afriendissomeoneyou“know,likeandtrust”.I’mgratefulthatmanyofmyfriendshipsgowell20that.1、A．unfairB．unluckyC．unplannedD．unpleasant2、A．metB．hatedC．taughtD．hurt3、A．forgotB．refusedC．wantedD．reported4、A．experienceB．kindnessC．courageD．praise5、A．endB．bedC．pastD．start6、A．visitB．noticeC．attractD．punish7、A．criedB．sangC．laughedD．danced8、A．secretlyB．rarelyC．nervouslyD．frequently9、A．taxisB．carsC．busesD．houses10、A．storedB．clearedC．sharedD．lost11、A．sweetB．anxiousC．terribleD．ordinary12、A．leaderB．friendC．brotherD．employee13、A．hidB．workedC．diedD．lived14、A．IfB．WhenC．ThoughD．Because15、A．roomsB．heartsC．officesD．families16、A．busyB．patientC．regretfulD．tired17、A．practiceB．successC．talkD．show18、A．liesB．worksC．differsD．matters19、A．requireB．stateC．containD．know20、A．beyondB．againstC．beneathD．withoutSectionIIReadingComprehensionPartADirections:Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(40points)Text1BeforeIstudiedpsychology,Iusedtothinkthatpeoplewouldlaughwhenfunnythingsoccurred.WhileIwasrightaboutthat,Idiscoveredtherearelotsofotherpsychologicalfactorsthatmakepeoplelaughotherthanthefunnypartofajoke.Whensomeonelaughsatajoke,therewillusuallybemorethanonereasonthatmakeshimlaugh—andthemorereasonsthereare,themorepowerfulthejokewillbe.Iwasattendingastand­upcomedyshowinEgypt,andwhenthemanstartedtomakefunofpedestrianscrossingstreets,everyonelaughedtheirheadsoff.Themainreasonwhythosepeoplestronglylaughedwasthatalmostallofthemfeltangrytowardspedestrianswhocrossedstreetscarelessly.Thejokewasn'tonlyfunny,butitalsomadetheaudiencefeelthattheywererightaboutbeingangryatthosepedestrians.Thatis,peoplewerelaughingbothbecauseofthefunnyjokeandbecauseofthehappinessexperiencedasaresultofthepsychologicalsupporttheygot.Thebetterajokemakesapersonfeel,andthemoreitincludesotherpsychologicalfactors,themorethepersonwilllikeit.Forexample,ifyouenvyoneofyourfriends,andsomeonetellsajokethatisfunnyand,atthesametime,makesyourfriendseemstupid,thenyouwillprobablylaughatitlouderthanifyouweren'tjealousofhim.Inshort,wedon'tlaughonlywhenwehearsomethingfunny;wealsolaughwhenweexperiencesomekindofhappinessthatresultsfromtheotherpsychologicalfactorsinvolvedinthejoke.Istronglydiscourageyoufrommakingfunofanyoneorbelittlingsomeonetomakesomeoneelselaugh.AllIwanttoexplainisthatifyourjokesupportsaperson'semotions,hewillcertainlylikeitalot.1、Whatdidtheauthorfindoutafterstudyingpsychology?A．Onlygoodjokesmakepeoplelaugh.B．Manyfactorsleadtopeople'slaughing.C．Funnythingscanmakepeoplelaugh.D．Laughtercanmakepeoplehealthy.2、Whydidtheaudiencelaughloudatthepedestrians?A．Theyplayedatrickonthepedestrians.B．Thepedestriansbehavedinafunnyway.C．Theycouldfeelthepedestrians'happiness.D．Theiremotionwasapprovedofbytheshow.3、Whatdoestheunderlinedword“belittling”probablymean?A．Annoy. B．Blame.C．Lookdownon. D．Makeupto.4、Whichofthefollowingbestshowsthestructureofthepassage?A． B．C． D．Text2RadionewsreadersandtelevisionhostsatIreland’snationalbroadcasterRTEaremostlyupinarmsatbeingtoldtopronouncewordsaccordingtotheQueen’sEnglish.AreportinTheIrishSunnewspapersaysthatRTE’sworkershavebeengivenanA-Zstyleguideofwordswhichinstructsthemonhowtopronouncecertainwordsinanefforttomakesuretheyareclearlyunderstood.TheA-Zcomeswithvideoscontaininglessonsofhowto“properly”pronouncethe“problem”words.AnofficialatRTEtoldtheIrishSunthatproducersgavetheguidetokeepupstandards.“Theguideisthereforanyonewhoneedsit.”hesaid,“RTEoftengetlettersfromthepublicoverhowcertainwordsweremispronounced.Theword‘issue’isabigoneatthemoment,peopledon’tlikehowit’spronounced.Thereisanexpectationthatasthenationalbroadcasterwearecorrect.”However,IrishlinguisticsexpertProfessorRaymondHickey,whotookthesideofmostoftheradionewsreadersandTVhosts,calledtheRTE’sactions“internalizedcolonialism(内化殖民主义)”.HeexpressedhisdisbeliefthatIrishspeakerswerebeingaskedtousewordswithanEnglishaccent.Hesaid:“ThebasicproblemisRTEexpectsitsworkerstospeakasiftheywereEnglish.Why?WehaveourownformofEnglish,whichisdifferentbutfullyreasonableandacceptedworldwide.”ProfessorHickeyspeciallytalkedofsomeexamplesofthewordsIrishhostsarebeingaskedtopronouncewithaBritishEnglishaccent.Hesaid:“TheIrishdon’tpronouncetheTH[in‘birthday’]asafricative,butasastopwithnobreath….Thesameistrueof‘news’—theIrishpronunciationisandalwayshasbeen‘nooze’.”1、WhentoldtospeaktheQueen’sEnglish,RTE’sworkersshowedgreat________.A．angerB．interestC．curiosityD．disappointment2、RTEprovidesitsworkerswithanA—Zstyleguideinorderto________.A．instructthemtopronounceclearlyB．keepuppronunciationstandardsC．meettheirworkdemandsD．makesurethatthepublicarecorrect3、What’stheofficial’sinsintensionofmentioningthelettersfromthepublic?A．Towarmthenationalbroadcasterofthemispronunciation.B．Toshowhow“problem”wordsaremispronounced.C．ToexplainwhyRTEtaketheactions.D．Toprovethepublicarebelievable.4、AccordingtoProfessorRaymondHickey,theRTE’sactions________.A．arereasonableandacceptableB．areimpracticalandfoolishC．willwintheIrishtrustD．makenosenseText3Mostofushavebeeninthissituation:You'reonyourwaytoyourfriend'shouse,thenyousuddenlyaskyourself,"DidIremembertoturnthelightsoff?”Forthosewith"smarthomes",however,thiswouldn’tbeaproblem.Overthelastfewyears,smarthometechnologyhasbecomemorepopular.Thankstouser-friendlyproductslikeintelligentlightingandheatingcontrollers,peoplecancontrolnearlyeveryelectricalitemintheirhomesfromanywhereintheworld.Whilesmarthomesaren'tnew,companieslikePhilips,AmazonandXiaomihavefinallybroughtautomationtoeverydaypeoplewithaffordableproductslikeartificialintelligence(AI)speakersandsensors.“Theobviousmessageisthatyoucanstopwastingenergy,”TomKerber,directorofresearchforU.S-baseddigitalcompanyParksAssociates,toldTheGuardian.Andthetechnologyalsohasmoremeaningfuluses.InNorway,forexample,onecompanyisusingsmarttechtomakelifeeasierforitselderlycustomers.Abilia'ssystemallowscarerstocheckuponpatientsthroughatabletonawallinsidetheirhome.Thedevicesendspatientsremindersabouttasks,suchaswhentheyneedtotakemedication(冥想).Itcaneventellcarersifthere'sanyunusualactivityinthehomethatcouldbelife-threatening.“Thiskindofsystemallowspeopletotakecareofthemselves,whichisthemostimportantthing,”Abilia'svicepresident,OysteinJohnsen,toldtheBBC．"Italsosavesthegovernmentmoney.InNorway,itcosts1millionkroner(about0.8millionyuan)peryeartohavesomeoneinacarehome.Thissystemcosts15,000kronerayear.”So,forthosewhohavealready"gonesmart",williteverbepossibletogobacktodothingsintheold-fashionedway?"Ithinkitwouldbedifficult.Whenwegotoafriend’shouseoronvacationwefindourselvesexpectingthehousetodothingsforusthatweshoulddo,"Poulson,35,aseniorprogrammanagerfromSeattle.,U.S.,explained.1、Whatarethefirstandsecondparagraphsusedfor?A．Introducingthetopic.B．Describingthesituation.C．Advertisingsmarthomes.D．Puttingforwardtheauthor'sopinion.2、WhatdoPhilips,AmazonandXiaomihaveincommon?A．Theyarealldesigningsmarthomes.B．TheyareallU.S-baseddigitalcompany.C．They'vealladvancedinsmarttechnology.D．They'veallreceivedaffordableproductsautomatically.3、WhatdoesAbilia'ssystemallowuserstodoinNorway?A．Totakecareofthemselves.B．Tobuyuser-friendlyproducts.C．Tocontrolheatingandcooling.D．Toswitchlightsthroughatablet.4、what'sPoulson'sattitudetosmarttechnology?A．Cautious.B．FavorableC．Ambiguous.D．Disapproving.Text4WhenAmericansoldiersreturnhomefromwarwithdisabilities,theyoftensuffertwice—firstfromtheircombatinjuries,nextfromthehumiliation（羞辱）ofgovernmentdependency.Woundedveterans（老兵）learntheyhavetwobasicchoices:Theycanreceivealmost$3,000amonthindisabilitybenefitsalongwithmedicalcareandaccesstoothervariouswelfareprograms,ortheycantrytofindajob.Especiallyinthiseconomy,it’snowonderthatmanyfindthatfirstoptionhardtoturndown.MarkDuggan,aneconomicsprofessoratStanfordUniversity,reportsthatenrollmentintheU.S.veterans’disabilityprogramsrosefrom2.3millionin2001to3.9millionin2014.Thepercentageofveteransreceivingbenefitsdoubled,from8.9%in2001to18%in2014.Disabilityservicesforveteransnowconsume$59billion.Inthe1980sand1990s,maleveteransweremorelikelytobeinthelaborforcethannonveterans.Butsince2000,thathaschangeddramatically.Nowthereisa4%gapbetweenveteranandnon-veteranlaborparticipation,withveteranparticipationlower.NavySEALEricGreitens,thefounderofTheMissionContinues,explainshowsoldierswhoservedtheircountryaretransformedintowelfarereceiverswholiveofftheircountry.“Whenveteranscomehomefromwartheyaregoingthroughatremendouschangeinidentity,”hesays.“ThentheUnitedStatesDepartmentofVeteransAffairs,andothers,encouragethemtoviewthemselvesasdisabled.”BythetimetheycometoGreitens’non-profitorganization,“Wemeetanumberofveteranswhoseethemselvesascharitycasesandarenotsureanymorewhattheyhavetocontribute.”Therearealsomorepracticalfactorsdrivingthedisabilityboom.Oneistheexpansionofqualificationcriteria.In2000,forinstance,type2diabeteswasaddedasadisabilitybecauseofevidencelinkingexposuretoAgentOrangewiththeonsetofthedisease.Heartdiseasehasalsobeenaddedtothelist.Anotherpossiblefactoristhatyoungerveteransseemlessagainstwelfarethantheirparents’generation.Veteranswhohaveservedsincethe1990saremuchmorelikelytosignupfordisabilitythantheiroldercounterparts;1in4youngerveteransisondisability,versusjust1in7ofthoseoverage54.Weshouldn’tgobacktothebadolddayswhenveteranswereafraidtoadmitweakness.ButLt.Col.DanielGadeisoneofmanyveteranswhothinkourdisabilitysystemisharmful,psychologically,toformersoldiers.Gadelosthislegincombatin2005andnowteachesatWestPoint.HerecentlygaveatalktodisabledveteransatFt.Carson,inwhichheurgedthemtorejointheworkforce.“Peoplewhostayhomebecausetheyaregettingpaidenoughtogetbyondisabilityareworseoff,”hewarned.“Theyaremorelikelytoabusedrugsandalcohol.Theyaremorelikelytolivealone.”Whatawasteofhumanpotential,especiallysincemostveteransondisabilitystillhavetheirprimeworkingyearsaheadofthemwhenthey’redischarged（遣退）.Wecouldsolvethisproblembychangingthewayweview-andlabel-veteranswithdisabilities.AsGadenotedinarecentarticle,“Veteransshouldbeviewedasresources,notasdamagedgoods.”Herecommendedthat“effortstohelpveteransshouldbeginbyrecognizingtheirabilitiesratherthanfocusingonlyonthendisabilities,andshouldservetheultimateaimofmovingwoundedsoldierstorealself-sufficiency.”Onamorepracticalnote,theUnitedStatesDepartmentofVeteransAffairscouldreallocate（再分配）resourcestospendmoreonjobtrainingandlessondisability.Currentplacementprogramsaresadlyinadequate.Wearegoodatsendingsoldiersofftowar.Yetwhentheseyoungmenandwomenreturnhome,theyareessentiallytold,“We’llgiveyouenoughforareasonablycomfortablelife,butwewon’thelpyoufindajob.”Itisunreasonablethatwearecondemningthousandsofyoungveteranswhoservedtheircountrytolifeonthedole（失业救济金）ratherthanenablingthemtore-entertheworkforcewiththenecessaryaccommodations.1、Whatdomoreandmorewoundedveteransappeartodonowadays?A．Dependonthegovernmentforaliving.B．Betreatedbadlyinmostworkplaces.C．Askthegovernmentformoredole.D．Spendmoretimeonjobhunting.2、HowdoesMarkDugganprovehisopinioninthepassage?A．Bylistingfigures.B．Bygivingexamples.C．Byperformingexperiments.D．Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.3、Whatdidveteransusetodointhe1980sand1990s?A．Refusetofindjobs.B．Beamainlaborresource.C．Havemuchtroublefindingjobs.D．Receivemanydisabilitybenefits.4、Oneofthereasonswhytherearemoredisabledveteransisthat.A．damagefromthewarisgreaterthaneverB．veteranshavesufferedmuchmorethaneverC．thescaleofdisabilitieshasbeenbroadenedD．olderveteransaren’tafraidtoadmittheirdisability5、InCade’sopinion,theveteranswhoreceivewelfarefromthegovernmenttendto_______.A．savemoretroubleforthegovernmentB．leadamiserableandunhappylifeC．increasinglydependonthegovernmentD．sufferthehumiliationoftheircombatinjuriesPartBDirections:ReadthefollowingtextandanswerthequestionsbychoosingthemostsuitablesubheadingfromthelistA-Gforeachnumberedparagraph(41-45).Therearetwoextrasubheadingswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersontheANSWERSHEET.(10points)AsakidIdislikedmostvegetablesMydailymealconsisted1．sugarycereal(谷类食物)inthemorningswithwholemilk,breadwithbutterforlunchalongwithchips,andaplateofwhitericewithchickenfordinnerwitheithersoda2．juicetodrinkWhenever3．(go)outonweekendsIalwayschosefastfoodAnorderofchickennuggetswithasideoffrieswaswhatIalwayswantedThenthefoodthatIloved4．(begin)togivemechestpains,heartburns,andstomachachesIquicklyrealizedthatthiscouldn’tendinanythinggoodSoIdecided5．(put)astoptomyunhealthydietIcutoutfastfoodfrommydietandinsteadsearchedforplaces6．offeredmesteamedvegetables,fruits,andfoodshigherinproteinlikebeanswhichwerethingsthatIhadbeenpreviouslylackinginmydietMakingachangewillneverbe7．easytaskbutsometimesittakesahitoftuggingtopushustowards8．(we)goalInmycaseittookanupsetstomachandchestpainstolearnthatfastfoodwasn’tthebestchoiceformyhealth,butthankstothisnowIfeel9．(well)thaneverIam10．(constant)goingtothegym,andI’mstilleatingwhatIlovewhilesupportingrayownbodyHaveyouevernoticedthatyoufeelhappierandmorerelaxedafteryoueatbread,pastaorfruit?Doyoufindthatyouaremoreenergeticandawakeaftereatingyogurtorbeans?ThesethingsarenotaccidentsFoodaffect1．wefeelmorethanwethinkScientistsresearching2．(it)effectonourmoodsarebeginningtounderstandthatwecaninfluenceourfeelingswithwhatweeatAlthoughourmoodsrelate3．havingvariousfoods,itisnotquiteassimpleaschoosingthefoodsfortherightoccasionsIfthat4．(be)thecase,athleteswouldnoteatalotofcarbohydratesbeforearaceAnotherchemical5．(connect)withourmoodiscaffeine,which6．(find)incoffee,chocolateandmanytypesoftea,isperhaps7．worstthingyoucanhavewhenyouarefeelingstressedOfcourse,8．(enjoy)anicemealwithfriends,whateverweeat,canalsoimpactourspiritsBeingwithfriendsandfamilyplaysabigpartinexperiencinghappinessMost9．(important),though,rememberthefollowingoldrule:trytoeatdifferentfood,10．nottoomuchSectionIIITranslationDirections:TranslatethefollowingtextintoChinese.WriteyourtranslationontheANSWERSHEET.(15points)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Tounderstandyourchild’slearningstyle,observehimasheplays.1、Chancesare,you’llnoticethathisfavoriteshavesomethingincommon.Perhapstheyallhavebrightcolorsanddifferentpatternsorinterestingshapes,ormakesounds.Thenlookathowheplays:Doeshetendtolookatobjectscarefullyortoholdandfeeltheminhishands?Perhapsheislessinterestedintoysthaninrollingandmovingaround.2、Mostchildrenhaveanumberofdifferentintelligencesandlearningstylesandcanbeengagedinavarietyofways.Ifyoudon’tseeastrongpreferenceforparticulartoysorgames,itmeansthatyourchildhasmorethanoneprimaryintelligenceorthatheisn’toldenoughtohavedevelopedastrongpreference.3、Bythenyourchildwillmostlikelyrespondbesttospecificactivitiesandtypesofexperiences.4、Thisdoesn’tmeanthatyouhavenowaytohelphimmastercertainskills—almostanythingcanbetaughtinawaythatworkswellforaspecificintelligence.Whenyouidentifyandrespondtoyourchild’sintelligenceandlearningstyle,youhelphimapproachtheworldonhisterms.5、A．Respectingindividualintelligencesandlearningstylesmeansofferingyourchildavarietyofwaystolearn.B．Whichtoysdoeshetendtochoose?C．Youshouldnotforceyourchildtodowhathedoesn’tlike.D．Asyouplaywithyourchild,payattentiontowhatheismostinterestedin.E.Inmostcases,youcanbegintoseeapreferenceforparticularstylesataroundagetwo.F.Followinghisstrengthscanmakemasteringnewskillslessfrustratingandcanhelphimdevelopalifelongloveoflearning.G.Tellingyourchildhislearningstylesisagoodwaytoimprovehisstudies.Ialwaysreflectonwhathappenedinmylife.Ithinkthisisimportant—toappreciateourwins,losses,newpassions,insights,etc.1、Herearesometipsforyouonreflection.1.Focusontheprocessandnottheoutcome.ThisthoughtwasbeautifullysummedupbySrikumarR